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Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
Passive Treatment Systems
Dave Crombie
Appropriate Technologies Conference3 & 4 September 2007
Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
Naturally Occurring Biological Systems
• Biological population
• Food source
• Oxygen
• Energy
Sanitation – Nature’s Way
Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
• Rural densification / urbanisation
Need for Formalised Sanitation
Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
Man’s Modifications to Nature’s Way
Dry Systems
• Buckets to trenches / ponds
• Ventilated Pit Latrine
• Dry “Eco” Sanitation
Water Borne Systems
• Septic Tanks
• Oxidation Ponds
• Reedbeds
• Maturation Ponds
Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
Wet / Dry Systems“Eco”
Sanitation Systems
Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
Wet SystemsOxidation Ponds
POND MIXING
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Simple Technologies
Passive Sanitation Systems Dave Crombie
Passive ??? Sanitation Systems
• Biological systems will always develop on their own – food, oxygen, energy
• The effect on the environment increases with more intense human development, with
more sophisticated systems required
• Dry “Eco” sanitation is interesting because the systems are simple, reliable, but suffer
the perception of being different to conventional water born systems.
• Oxidation ponds, and wetland systems have limited application due to the large areas
required, and variable long term performance.
• Maturation ponds should not be discarded without very careful consideration.