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Simulation and its Future in EducationShahzad Waheed, MD, FAAP, FRCP(C)
Objectives
History of simulation
In Situ simulation
Role of simulation in nursing education
Communication and team work
Patient safety and simulation
Retention of Knowledge
Janeway simulation program
What is Simulation
Experimental Learning
Opportunity to realistically experience a given task or situation while minimizing Or eliminating the normally associated risks to the operator, equipment, environment, or others involved
Advantage of providing a safe learning environment, standardized and reproducible content
The ability to demonstrate problems of various levels of complexity
History of simulation
Early 1960’s
Standardized patients
Resuscitation manikins with spring loaded chest for CPR training (Resusci Annie)
Late 1960’s
SimOne: 1st computer controlled manikin
Blinking Eyes
Reactive pupils
Opening jaw
Palpable pulses
Chest rise and fall
Formula One
Flight industry
War Games
Off site vs In Situ simulation
Off Site:
There are two main types of learning to target
The individual and the team
All other factors are controlled and considered part of the simulated environment
Off site vs In Situ simulation
In Situ Simulation:
Health care delivery system are potentially subject to evaluation, reflection, and improvement and, thus, sites for learning
Four components:
Individual learning
Team Learning
Unit level learning
Organizational Learning
The role of simulation in nurse education
Descriptive survey to evaluates the role of medium to high fidelity simulation in the preparation for clinical nursing practice
Valuable method of learning
Experience with high fidelity simulators enhanced the safety of their practice
C.S. McCaughey, M.K. Traynor / Nurse Education Today 30 (2010) 827–832
C.S. McCaughey, M.K. Traynor / Nurse Education Today 30 (2010) 827–832
C.S. McCaughey, M.K. Traynor / Nurse Education Today 30 (2010) 827–832
C.S. McCaughey, M.K. Traynor / Nurse Education Today 30 (2010) 827–832
C.S. McCaughey, M.K. Traynor / Nurse Education Today 30 (2010) 827–832
Communication and
Team Work
Communication/Team Work
Descriptive study
Team consisted of Pediatric residents, one junior nurse, one senior nurse and once nurse from critical care area
Exposed to three Life threatening scenarioApnea-Bradycardia with respiratory compromise
Near drowning
Head injury with increased ICP
The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing · July 2008 · Vol 39, No 7
Communication/Team Work
Nurses and physicians can collaborate as a team to decrease medical errors and improve patient outcomes
Improved their communication with each other and appreciation of one another's contribution
Greatly improve the multidimensional complexity of the nurse-physician relationship over time
The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing · July 2008 · Vol 39, No 7
Allan 2010
Patient Safety
SIMULATION-BASED TRAINING FOR NURSES IN STERILE TECHNIQUES DURING CENTRAL VEIN
CATHETERIZATION
Prospective study over the period of 12 months
46 nurses completed assessment and training in assessment and training in sterile technique skills
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, January 2014, Volume 23, No. 1
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, January 2014, Volume 23, No. 1
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, January 2014, Volume 23, No. 1
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE, January 2014, Volume 23, No. 1
Improved Patient Outcome
Retention of Knowledge
Retention of Knowledge
Mean scores for CPR cognitive knowledge Nurse Education Today (2006) 26, 218–227
Retention of Knowledge
Pass scores in CPR cognitive knowledge
Nurse Education Today (2006) 26, 218–227
Skidmore 2001
Simulation Program in Janeway
Multidisciplinary Simulation every Thursday Afternoon that include
Residents, Nurses, Respiratory
ER simulation every Thursday in AM
Pediatric anesthesia have started running simulation sessions for their nurses
NICU does Bi Weekely Simulation Session
Medical surgical ward Just started running simulation sessions for nursing staff
Simulation sessions:
2013 : 72 sessions
674 Participants
2014: 64 sessions
436 Participants
Future plan is to take simulation to different hospitals with in the provinces
Any Questions?