Upload
ernest-skinner
View
242
Download
8
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
2Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest
NGL recovery processes
Case study Cryomax process
0% - 65% ethane recovery
Three configurations in LNG train
Operability and reliability considerations
3Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
NGL recovery in LNG plants
Turbo-Expander Scrub columnScheme
30 - 50%OnceC2
90 - 95%SometimesC3
100%SometimesC4
Next stepExisting LNG plants
4Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Ethane
New markets require lean revaporised NG UK Wobbe Index 51.4 MJ/Sm3 (max) ~ 50.8 MJ/Sm3 in Qatar Met with 36% ethane extraction
Ethylene from ethane in Qatar Qatar 2.5 Mtpa in 2008 UK 2.8 Mtpa (all feed stocks) France 3.4 Mtpa (all feed stocks)
5Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest
NGL recovery processes
Case study Cryomax process
0% - 65% ethane recovery
Three configurations in LNG train
Operability and reliability considerations
6Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
NGL recovery processes
Efficient ethane and propane plus extraction Flexibility in ethane recovery Good selectivity - minimal methane in NGL Entrainment tolerant – no heavy ends, ever Resistance to equipment failure Lean gas at high pressure to favour liquefaction
7Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
PRECOOLING LIQUEFACTION MCHELEAN GAS
LNG
MRC3R
SCRUBCOLUMN
NGLDRY NG
REFLUX
Conventional scrub column
C3R
NG55 bar-16°C
NG54 bar-35°C
NGL
C3R
8Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
PRECOOLING LIQUEFACTION MCHELEAN GAS
SCRUBCOLUMN
NGLDRY NG
OVERHEAD
REFLUX
Scrub column (high recovery)
NG52 bar-65°C
NG55 bar-35°C
NGL
MCHE
LNG
MRC3R
9Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
PRECOOLING LIQUEFACTION MCHE
LEAN GAS
MRC3R
CRYOMAXDUAL
COLUMN NGL RECOVERY
NGLDRY NG
Cryomax
LNG
10Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Demethaniser Reflux
Recovery Tower Reflux
DC1
NGL
RT
PRECOOLEDGAS
LEAN GAS TO MCHE
US Patent 5,291,736
Cryomax - LNG
29 bar36 bar-80°C
11Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest
NGL recovery processes
Case study Cryomax process
0% - 65% ethane recovery
Three configurations in LNG train
Operability and reliability considerations
12Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Cryomax Case Study
Qatar: North Field gas; climate APCI C3/MCR process High LNG capacity (approximately 5 Mtpa)
High natural gas pressures Two GE Frame 7 gas turbines MCHE outlet temperature –148°C Hydraulic turbines for MCR and LNG
Four ethane extraction rates (0-65%) in three configurations
13Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
NG NGL
LNG
“FRONT END”NRU OFF GAS
NGLRECOVERY
LEAN GASCOMPRESSION
NG
“STRADDLE”
C3PRECOOLING
NG NGL
NGL
“MID TRAIN”
Cryomax Unit Location
LNG
NRU OFF GAS
NITROGEN REMOVAL
LNG
NRU OFF GAS
C3PRECOOLING
NGL RECOVERY
NGL RECOVERY
LEAN GAS COMPRESSION
C3 PRECOOLING
NGLIQUEFACTION
NGLIQUEFACTION
NITROGEN REMOVAL
NITROGEN REMOVAL
NGLIQUEFACTION
“Mid train”• Pre-cooled feed• P2 < P1• Simpler• Less power• Less capacity
“Mid train”• Pre-cooled feed• P2 < P1• Simpler• Less power• Less capacity
“Straddle”• Pre-cooled feed• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)
“Straddle”• Pre-cooled feed• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)
“Front End”• Warm natural gas feed• No propane
refrigeration• Driven by lean gascompression• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)
“Front End”• Warm natural gas feed• No propane
refrigeration• Driven by lean gascompression• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)
14Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest
NGL recovery processes
Case study Cryomax process
0% - 65% ethane recovery
Three configurations in LNG train
Operability and reliability considerations
15Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
NGL recovery rates
100%100%100%100%Butane +
1019.01033.81042.01046.6HHV *
Btu/scf
50.550.851.051.1Wobbe *MJ/Sm3
97.7%94.5%95.8%99.0%Propane
65%36%16%1%Ethane
* In LNG tanks in Qatar
16Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Specific power
0.262
0.264
0.266
0.268
0.270
0.272
0.274
0.276
0.278
0.7% 15.6% 36.1% 64.0%
Ethane recovery
Sp
ec
ific
po
we
r (M
Wh
/t)
Target C2Recovery Front end
Mid-train
Straddle
17Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest
NGL recovery processes
Case study Cryomax process
0% - 65% ethane recovery
Three configurations in LNG train
Operability and reliability considerations
18Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Same as “mid-train” scheme LNG quality unchanged 10% to 15% reduction
in throughput
“Straddle” - Lean gas compressor failure
19Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
C3 precooling & lean gas compressor OK Specifications OK except Wobbe 5%-10% reduction
in throughput
“Straddle” - Joule-Thomson Mode
20Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
“Straddle” - Joule-Thomson Mode
-5.4Expander power MW
0.2870.267Sp consumption MW.h/t
51.250.8Wobbe Index MJ/Sm3
7693Propane recovery %
136Ethane recovery %
JT modeExpander
C3 precooling & lean gas compressor OK Specifications OK except Wobbe 5%-10% reduction
in throughput
21Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL
Conclusions
Ethane and C3/C4 LPG extraction in Qatar meets lean gas specifications directly
The Cryomax process can be adapted to a wide range of ethane recovery requirements
Process efficiency insensitive to extraction rate or location
Cryomax “Straddle” – Efficient and reliable New or existing trains