SINGAPOREAN ENGLISH CHARACTERISTIC

INFLUENCE BY MULTI LANGUAGE CULTURE

Submittted to Fulfill One of the Requirements

To Complete the Diploma III Program

By:

Riani Dwi Putri

31000067

ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT ACADEMY OF FOREIGN

LANGUAGE PERMATA HARAPAN

BATAM

2017

DECLARATION SHEET

I here by certify that :

1. This final assignment is genuine and has not been asked to get a Degree of

Diploma 3 (D3) in English Department of Academy of Foregein Permata Harapan

Gici Business School Batam.

2. This final report is pure ideas, formulation, and research on my own, without the

help of other parties, except for the direction of a advisor.

3. In this final report, there is no work or opinions that have been written or

published by others, except in writing clearly listed as a reference in the script with

the author’s name is mentioned and included in the references.

4. This declaration I make with truthful condition and if in the future there is a

deviation and untruth in this statement, then I am willing to accept the sanction of

revocation of academic degree which have been obtained, as well as other sanctions

in accordance with the norm prevailing in academy.

Batam, 30 July 2017

Riani Dwi Putri

31000067

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Writer would like to say thanks to Allah SWT for blessing and

guidance, so the writer is able to accomplish this final assignment entitled

“Singaporean English Characteristic Classification Influenced by Multi Culture”.

The writer also would like to express her gratitude to those who are helping

the writer in completing this assignment, special thanks to:

1. Mr. Kiatwansyah, as a Chairman of Gici Business School Batam Foundations

for giving the opportunity for accomplishing the writer’s study in Gici Business

School Batam.

2. Mr. Hendra Nugraha, S.S,M.Hum, Director of Academy of Foreign Language

Permata Harapan Thank you for you who has taught syntax and for other heavy

linguistic lessons. But it’s still awesome though.

3. Miss Febri Asmita Saragih, S.Pd.,M.Pd Head of English Department thank you

for your help during the writer study in Gici Business School. Thank you very

much.

4. My lovely Ms. Hotma Hutasoit S.Pd,M.Pd You are my hero. When I fell and

sad to face the difficulty of the trials that I was living (well, this paper) You are

always encouraging even though you look fierce. But deep inside you are

gentle. I do not know what I would be without you.

5. To all the lecturers of English Education Department who taught the writer

during her study.

6. The writer’s Family and friends who always support the writer to accomplish

this assignment.

7. To Adel Marulta(oom), Diana Nugroho(my mate), Windy Aulia(my semu

friend), and Sardi Natalia Purba(Horas!), thank you so much for all the bad or

good times, jokes and laughs, all the memories we have shared together, and

most importantly thank you for staying and finishing this journey with me.

The writer is realizes that this final assignment is far from perfect but the

writer has done her best. The writer will accept any criticism happily from the

reader as a reference for the writer to be better in the future. The writer hopes

this final assignment is provide any useful information to the readers.

Batam, 10 June 2017

Riani Dwi Putri

31000067

Abstract

Singaporean English Characteristic Influenced by Multi Language Culture

Riani Dwi Putri

3100067

Hotma Hutasoit S.Pd., M.Pd

This paper describes the source of slang or dialect in Singlish and the

meaning of a singular expression. Singlish has a very significant difference or very

far from the international Standard English language. The purpose of this study

was to help other people who come to Singapore that don’t understand Singlish.

Formulation problem in this paper is to find out source and meaning dialect/Slang

of Chinese citizens of Singapore to Standard English. This paper uses qualitative

descriptive method. The data is analyzed according to the use of Singlish in Chinese

Singaporean. The analysis shows that 20% use of Standard English and 80% use

Singlish. Based on these data, it can be used to analyze the usage of Singlish in

Singapore.

Keywords: Sociolinguistic, Language, Dialect, Slang, Chinese

Abstrak

Singaporean English Characteristic Influenced by Multi Language Culture

Riani Dwi Putri

3100067

Hotma Hutasoit S.Pd., M.Pd

Tugas Akhir ini menjelaskan tentang sumber slang atau dialek dalam bahasa

Singlish dan arti sebuah ungkapan tunggal. Karena singapura memiliki perbedaan

yang sangat signifikan atau sangat jauh dari bahasa Inggris berstandar internasional.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu orang lain yang datang ke

Singapura yang tidak mengerti Singlish akan lebih mudah untuk di mengerti dalam

bahasa sehari-hari di Singapura. Rumusan masalah dalam tulisan ini adalah untuk

mengetahui sumber dan makna dialek / bahasa gaul warga negara Tionghoa dari

Singapura ke bahasa Inggris standar. Tugas Akhir ini menggunakan metode

deskriptif kualitatif. Data dianalisis sesuai dengan penggunaan Singlish Cina di

Singapura. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa 20% penggunaan Standar Bahasa Inggris

dan 80% menggunakan Singlish. Berdasarkan data tersebut, bisa digunakan untuk

menganalisa penggunaan Singlish di Singapura.

Kata Kunci: Sosiolinguistik, Bahasa, Dialek, Slang, Cina

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ...........................................................................................................

DECLARATION SHEET ............................................................................. i

APPROVAL PAGE ....................................................................................... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. iii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... v

ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... vi

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................. vii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study .......................................................... 1

1.2 Identification of the Problem ................................................... 3

1.3 Limitation of the Study ............................................................ 4

1.4 Formulation of the Problem ..................................................... 6

1.5 Objective of the Study .............................................................. 7

1.6 Significance of the Study ......................................................... 7

1.6.1 Practical ........................................................................... 7

1.6.2 Theoritical ....................................................................... 7

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .......................... 8

2.1 Previous Research .................................................................... 8

2.2 Code Switching ........................................................................ 10

2.3 Dialect ...................................................................................... 11

2.4 Discourse Particle …................................................................ 11

2.4.1 Meh .............................................................................. 12

2.4.2 Lah................................................................................ 13

2.4.3 Leh................................................................................ 13

2.4.4 Lor ................................................................................ 14

2.4.5 Mah .............................................................................. 14

2.5 Word Ordering ...................................................................... 14

2.6 Singaporean English................................................................. 15

2.7 Locus of The Research .......................................................... 15

2.7 Theoritical Framework .......................................................... 17

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ...................................................... 18

3.1 Research Design ....................................................................... 18

3.2 Data and Data Source ............................................................... 19

3.3 Data Population and Sample .................................................... 19

3.3.1 Population .................................................................... 19

3.3.2 Sample .......................................................................... 20

3.4 Data Collecting Technique ....................................................... 21

3.5 Data Analyzing Method ........................................................... 21

3.6 Location and Schedule ............................................................. 22

3.6.1 Location........................................................................ 22

3.6.2 Schedule ....................................................................... 22

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION .................... 24

4.1 Finding ..................................................................................... 25

4.2 Discussion ................................................................................ 39

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................. 41

5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................... 41

5.2 Suggestion ................................................................................ 42

5.2.1 Foreigners ........................................................................ 42

5.2.2 The Students .................................................................... 42

5.2.3 Other Researcher ............................................................. 42

REFERENCES

ATTACHMENT

CURRICULUM VITAE

APPENDIX

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Backgound of the Study

One usage the more common among linguists refers to a variety of

a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language’s speakers.

Despite their differences, these varieties known as dialects are closely related and

most often mutually intelligible, especially if close to one another on the spoken

across a large area, differing only slightly between areas that are geographically

close to each other, and gradually decreasing in mutual intelligibility as the

distances become greater. The term is applied most often to regional speech

patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social

class or ethnicity.

The official and recognized English language in the world today is only two,

It is the English version of the British and English versions of American. But

Singaporean has another English version that is Singlish. Singlish language is a

combination of Standard English with tribal languages people living in Singapore

like Chinese, Malay and Tamil. While English is one of Singapore's official

languages, Singlish is commonly regarded as having low prestige. The Singaporean

government and some Singaporeans alike heavily discourage the use of Singlish in

favour of Standard English. The government has created an annual Speak Good

English Movement to emphasize the point. Singlish is also heavily discouraged in

the mass media and in schools. However, such official discouragement and routine

censorship is actually countered by other presentations in mainstream media,

including routine usage by ordinary people in street interviews broadcast on TV and

radio on a daily basis, as well as occasional usage in newspapers. The vocabulary

of Singlish consists of words originating

from English, Malay, Hokkien, Teochew, Cantonese, Tamil and to a lesser extent

various other European, Indic and Sinitic languages. Also, elements

of American and Australian slang have come through from imported television

series and films.While doing research for this paper, The writer found that Google’s

answer to “what do Singaporeans speak” was English. This did not come as any

surprise, since many Singaporeans in the US are proud of the English education

most of us have received, and while abroad, we sometimes find it tiresome to be

constantly complimented on English skills – occasionally, it even strikes us as a

little ignorant.

However, The writer were surprised to find the 2010 census Reveals that

just 33% of Singaporean residents spoke English at home. According to the census,

the rest speak a mixture of Mandarin, Chinese dialects, Malay and Tamil. While

one may immediately jump to socio-economic reasons to understand the differences

in the languages spoken at home, in Singapore’s case, it is important to consider

generational differences.

Singapore’s linguistic history is inextricably tied to both colonialism and

decolonisation. Under British colonial rule, the various ethnic groups were

accommodated through schools that taught in English, Malay, Mandarin Chinese,

and Tamil. A year after Singapore gained independence in 1965, the government

established a bilingual education policy, designed to ensure that Singaporeans

spoke both English and their mother tongue. Thus, most young Singaporeans,

having grown up after these policies were instituted, speak English as their first

language. When look at their parents’ and grandparents’ generation, however, there

is far more diversity in what they speak. Despite the growing dominance of English,

many young Singaporeans are fairly adept in their mother tongue, and many are

effectively bilingual.

With such a diversity of languages, it is no wonder that one gets a similar

diversity of answers to the question of what Singaporeans speak, depending on who

is asked. That being said, one thing can be agreed on: English is the official lingua

franca that unites them in school, at work, and in coffee shops and restaurants. But

it isn’t plain old British English that binds us linguistically; they have a form of

English moulded to suit their environment and communication needs. To be even

more specific, it is Singlish, or Singaporean English, that makes communicating

with fellow Singaporeans unique.

1.2. Identification of the Problem

Identify dialect of every culture, from each tribe living in Singapore.

Chinese, Malay, and Tamil. When Chinese people speak in Singlish language and

those who listen to their speakers will be easier to understand, because Chinese

tribal dialect is very typical in Singlish language. In Singlish language the phonetics

and phonology is quite typical. Stress is treated differently - writer haven't quite

figured out how, but it seems stress tends to fall towards the end of words, and is

often marked by a higher tone than preceding syllables. Tendency to put a stop

before word-initial vowels, rather than go straight from the end of the previous word

to the vowel. This also usually prevents hiatus across word boundaries.

Singlish is not grammatical. Singlish is easier to understand by people who

can speak Chinese and Malay. For those who native speaker or who can only speak

English American and British standard will have a problem to understanding.

In general, the use of intonation in every sentence and the words of the

Chinese is very distinctive, and will be the same at the end of the sentence.

Intonation and Malay language are also almost the same and not much different

from Indonesia.

1.3. Limitation of the Study

The problem limitation is about Singaporean slang and specific words like

alamak, leh, meh, lor etc. In this paper writer will limit the dialect/Slang and

Discourse Particle of Chinese and Malay dialect. Singlish the English-based a

mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier

grammatically simplified form of a language, used for communication between

people not sharing a common language stage spoken and written in Singapore.

Singlish has its unique slang and syntax, which are more pronounced in informal

speech. A discourse marker is a word or phrase that plays a role in managing the

flow and structure of discourse. Since their main function is at the level of discourse

(sequences of utterances) rather than at the level of utterances or sentences,

discourse markers are relatively syntax-independent and usually do not change the

truth conditional meaning of the sentence. Examples of discourse markers include

the particles "meh, "mah", "lor", "lah", "leh", and "I mean", and the 'discourse

connectives', "so", "because", "and", "but", and "or". In Practical English Usage,

Michael Swan defines a 'discourse marker' as 'a word or expression which shows

the connection between what is being said and the wider context'. For him, a

discourse marker is something that either connects a sentence to what comes before

or after, or indicates a speaker's attitude to what he is saying. The research looked

into choices by speakers of Colloquial Singapore English with different ethnicities

(Chinese, Indian and Malay) in the use of particles whose roots lie not in English.

The 76 speakers under investigation used 1,427 such particles in 30 conversations.

The general rate of particle usage by the members of each ethnicity was similar.

The particles lah and ah, whose linguistic origins are unknown and which account

for almost 94 per cent of the total particle use, were both frequently used across

ethnic groups. The Chinese speakers used these articles less than the other two

ethnicities and were more inclined than the other two groups to use Cantonese

particles, especially lor. Two other Cantonese particles, hor and leh, were used six

and nine times respectively, and these rare instances were exclusively produced by

Chinese speakers.

The common word in Singlish that people often don’t understand in

Singlish is Alamak! Which is the Singlish equivalent of "Oh my gosh!" They use

Alamak! To express despair and sometimes anxiety. For instance, "Alamak! I

forgot to bring my assignment!"

A Singlish sentence often ends with words like "lah", "leh", "meh" or "lor".

These utterances are included at the end of a sentence to add emotions or feelings

to the sentence. A common use of such end-of-sentence phrase is in the phrase "OK

lah" which is the Singlish equivalent for "Okie dokie". The difference is fairly subtle

and can be fully understood only after years of exposure to Singlish. There are also

phrases and words which are distinctly Singlish. For example, when they say a

person is “blur”, they mean he/she is confused. So, one would say after a lecture,

"Wa-liao, so blur man!" and that would mean "Good Grief, the lecture was so

confusing!" Another common phrase, "Why you so like dat?", which has been made

popular by a local black rap group.

1.4. Formulation of the Problem

A. Where is the source of Singlish Slang ?

B. What is the meaning of Singlish?

1.5. Objective of the Study

Based on the background of the problem that has been stated above, here

are the formulations of the problem:

A. To find out the source of Singlish Slang

B. To find out the meaning of Singlish

1.6. Significance of the Study

The writer expects this paper can gives benefit in practical theoretical way

such as:

1.6.1 Practical

This paper can helps people or foreigners in understanding the language

in Singapore especially Singlish, and also for students who want to continue

studying in Singapore.

1.6.2 Theoretical

The result of the study can be used as references in studying of Singlish.

To enhance the knowledge of Sociolinguistics and master to distinguish the

differences of using Singlish and Standard English.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Previous Research

The writer will mention some previous researches that has researched by

some researchers about Slang in Singlish.

1. Lisa Lim said tone is very important in English language that stated on her abstract

“Tone in Singlish: Substrate Features from Sinitic and Malay” Bazaar/Baba Malay.

Such observations support the notion of the founder population in be a consequence

of prosodic patterns found in another, non-tone language substrate, Contact

varieties. While the source of tonal properties may well be the dominant Sinitic

English spoken in Singapore, which take up the claim of tone being a marked

feature in Persistent.

(https://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/tsl.95.16lim)

2. Jakob R. E. Leimgruber said that Singapore language have 2 language that stated

on his abstract “Standard Singapore English and Colloquial Singapore English”

(multicultural). “Singapore English is a nativised variety of English, which

comesin essentially two forms: Standard Singapore English and Colloquial

Singapore English. This article describes the sound system and the Grammar of

this variety, including an overview of the local vocabulary. A Concluding section

explains the various models that have been proposed to explain that variation in

Singapore English, including the post-creole Continuum (Platt 1975) and

diglossia (Gupta 1994, 2001), before settling on more recent research using a

cultural orientation model (Alsagoff Singapore, the Peranakans, with Baba

Malay as their vernacular, may well have been Substrates, the actual patterning,

at both word and phrase level, would appear to actually The community of

speakers whose influence on Singlish has been most significant and The ecology

paradigm: This paper suggests that, as the early English speakers in This paper

focuses on aspects of tone in Singlish, the (mesolectal/basilectal) variety of

(2007) and indexicality (Eckert 2008)”.(jakobleimgruber.ch/dissertation.pdf)

3. Shinichi Harada said that Singaporean language affect by some multicultural that

his stated on his abstract. “The Roles of Singapore Standard English and

Singlish” In Singapore, where three main ethnic groups exist, English serves as

an inter-ethnic lingua franca toCommunicate with the other ethnic groups

because the first languages of most Singaporeans are Mandarin,Chinese dialects

such as Hokkien, Teochew, and Cantonese, Malay, and Tamil. Singapore

English can be classified into two: Singapore Standard English (SSE) and

Singlish. This paper examined the roles of the two varieties of English from a

sociolinguistic point of view, based on a questionnaire survey conducted by

theAuthor and recent surveys on the use of Singlish and the Speak Good English

Movement. It follows from the findings on language use and language attitudes

that SSE and Singlish are used for two different functions.In other words, the

relationship between SSE and Singlish is diglossic. SSE is used in formal

situations as The H variety, whereas Singlish is used in informal situations as

the L variety. Although the government hasbeen trying to eradicate Singlish from

Singaporeans, a number of Singaporeans still keep using it and many of the

younger generation regard it as a language of their identity. Therefore, the

diglossic relationship between SSE and Singlish will continue.

.(sucra.saitama-u.ac.jp/modules/xoonips/download.php?file_id=15795)

2.2 Code switching

The practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of

language in conversation. Some research on Singaporean multicultural and

multiethnic backgrounds showed that code-switching is a common situation in

Singlish. Foley (1998) claimed that code-switching are obvious in children’s

speech in Singapore. He analyzed a few speaking data from Chinese/Singlish,

Malay/Singlish, Tamil/Singlish, Cantonese/Singlish, bilingual children. He found a

high frequency of code-switching. That is, in every two or three sentences a code-

switching would appear I their speech.

2.3 Dialect

Dialect is a particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region

or social group. Speakers of any given language sometimes get offended when their

particular language style is called a dialect. To avoid any confusion, I would

therefore like to explain what I mean by the term “dialect.“According to

the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, a Dialect is a regional

or social variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or

vocabulary, especially a variety differing from the standard literary language or

speech pattern of the culture in which it exists. The problem with this definition is

that it implies that there is some sort of “standard” language from which all of the

various dialects of that language differ. In English, however, I do not think this is

true. I think that the English language is far too widespread and varies too much for

anyone to say that the English spoken in is “standard” and everything else is a

“dialect.” Even if it were narrowed down to a single country, there is still a great

deal of variation within that country, and who is to say which

region/city/state/province speaks proper English?

2.4 Discourse Particle

A discourse marker is a word or phrase that plays a role in managing the flow

and structure of discourse. Since their main function is at the level of discourse

(sequences of utterances) rather than at the level of utterances or sentences,

discourse markers are relatively syntax-independent and usually do not change the

truth conditional meaning of the sentence. Examples of discourse markers include

the particles "meh, "mah", "lor", "lah", "leh", and "I mean", and the 'discourse

connectives', "so", "because", "and", "but", and "or". In Practical English Usage,

Michael Swan defines a 'discourse marker' as 'a word or expression which shows

the connection between what is being said and the wider context'. For him, a

discourse marker is something that either connects a sentence to what comes before

or after, or indicates a speaker's attitude to what he is saying. The research looked

into choices by speakers of Colloquial Singapore English with different ethnicities

(Chinese, Indian and Malay) in the use of particles whose roots lie not in English.

The 76 speakers under investigation used 1,427 such particles in 30 conversations.

The general rate of particle usage by the members of each ethnicity was similar.

The particles lah and ah, whose linguistic origins are unknown and which account

for almost 94 per cent of the total particle use, were both frequently used across

ethnic groups. The Chinese speakers used these articles less than the other two

ethnicities and were more inclined than the other two groups to use Cantonese

particles, especially lor. Two other Cantonese particles, hor and leh, were used six

and nine times respectively, and these rare instances were exclusively produced by

Chinese speakers.

2.4.1 Meh

Treatment of the meh particle in SCE is scarce as previous researchers

concentrate on the more popular particles such as lah and what. Gupta (1992)

described it briefly while Wong (1994, 2000) concentrated on the invariant meaning

of the particle. According to Gupta, the discourse particle meh falls into the

assertive category and serves to express surprise, or to question a presupposition

(1992:43). She further claims that meh adds a sense of surprise at the question

asked.

2.4.2 Lah

The earliest account of the lah particle is by Tongue who states that lah can

function as an ‘intensifying particle, as a marker of informal style, as a signal of

intimacy, for persuading, deriding, wheedling, rejecting and a host of other

purposes’ (Tongue1974:114). Only two examples on lah (in his listing of other

grammatical items) were given, ‘Can lah’ and ‘Cannot lah’. According to Tongue,

lah originates from the Malay language. But, the lah particle is widely used in the

Chinese dialects spoken in Singapore and Malaysia, namely, Hokkien and

Cantonese30. Tongue also commented that though lah is sub-standard, it is

frequently used by educated speakers of English in informal discourse with friends

and even jocularly, on more formal occasions. Tongue’s mention of lah marked the

beginning of treating the particle as characteristic of Singapore Colloquial English.

2.4.3 Leh

The leh particle, according to Gupta (1992) falls into the maximally

assertive group. She states that the particle ‘expresses a commitment that an

interlocutor is expected to act upon (1992:42).

2.4.4 Lor

The lor particle has been described as indicating a piece of information is

obvious to the addressee, marking a directive, and showing a sense of resignation.

First, Platt and Ho (1989) state that lor marks obviousness.

2.4.5 Mah

Gupta (1992) claims that the particle ma is one of the two contradictory

particles on her scale and serves ‘to correct an interlocutor by presenting what is

being said as an absolute and even obvious fact’ (Gupta 1992:41).

2.5 Word Ordering

In the science of word order typology is the study of the syntactic

arrangement of language constituents. How a word is structured according to the

correct arrangement pattern. And with this word order we can distinguish one

sentence with another by order or order of grammar. In English grammar word order

is used as a method of composing words into the correct sentence and avoiding

ambiguity of the meaning of the word or on the sentence that is compiled. In this

world order there are 2 elements that are very important and should be our concern

all of the order of arguments and sentence constituents.

2.6 Singaporean English

Singlish is the English-based a mother tongue formed from the contact of

two languages through an earlier pidgin stage. Speech and written in Singapore.

Although English is the dominant language, Singlish has its unique slang and

syntax, which are more pronounced in informal speech Basically Singapore is a

multi-racial and multi-cultural country, it is understandable why English can some

extent with inputs from other cultures/races (including dialect groups). Singlish

seems to have gain a bad reputation lately but personally, writer think it is a great

way to connect with people in Singapore (especially those who are not that fluently

in English). It basically reflects our multicultural and multiracial roots, and we need

this given that Singapore is often reflected as a sterile society devoid of soul, culture

etc. Knowing and using Singlish doesn’t necessarily mean one is bad in speaking

good Standard English. It's just a matter of practicing and knowing when to use one

or the other at the right time or situation.

2.7 Locus of The Research

The research location was done in Summer Pavilion Restaurant at Singapore

Summer Pavilion was established in 2000, which is located in Ritz Calton

Singapore hotel. This restaurant is visited by many citizens in the country both

overseas citizens. They provide many food and dinner packages, private dining and

tea salon. Thanks to the restaurant team that is CHEUNG SIU KONG, Chinese

Executive Chef of Summer pavilion also get awards in 2016 and 2017. This

restaurant is at The Ritz-Carlton, Millennia Singapore 7 Raffles Avenue Singapore.

10 types of specialty t eas from Tea Bone Zen Mind is available for purchase to

complement your meal in Summer Pavilion, or for takeaway. The table setting was

elegant and nice but the room was far too cold. It took a long time for food to arrive

and the order was mixed up. Communication between kitchen and services seem to

be issued and staff only came back to tell the dish was not available when other dish

has been served. Overall, it took more than an hour to have all food that we ordered

on the table. Food quality was good though. The a la carte menu is quite limited and

not much creation or quality to demonstrate the different between a normal Chinese

restaurant and one star Michelin standard. We have seen better standard elsewhere

either with star or no star for Chinese restaurant. The whole experience was

unpleasant with the above. The manager did offer complimentary desserts for all of

us. It was good gesture but it could not change our view on the experience.

2.8 Theoretical Framework

SINGLISH

CODE SWITCHIN

G

MALAY

DISCOURSE PARTICLE

CHINESE HOKKIENTHEOCHE

W

WORD ORDERING

DIALECT

SLANG

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHOD

3.1 Research Design

Considering the purpose of the research and the nature of the problem, type

of this research is descriptive qualitative research. Descriptive qualitative research

is the research which has a purpose to understand the phenomenon of subject study,

such as action, perception, motivation, etc. holistically and descriptively in words

and language at a specific natural gives priority to analyze data. The writer chosen

qualitative method in finding and make sure some Singlish Slang.

It is the blueprint for conducting the study that maximizes control over

factors that could interfere with the validity of the findings. Designing a study

helps the researcher to plan and implement the study in a way that will help the

researcher to obtain intended results, thus increasing the chances of obtaining

information that could be associated with the real situation (Burns & Grove

2001:223).

Bryman (2008:366) qualitative research is strategy that usually emphasizes

words rather than qualification in the collection and analysis of the data. The topic

of this Research is Dialect. As the mention previously specifics are Singlish

(Basilect), and Basilect from Singapore is Singlish. Therefore the writer will take

Singlish Slang as the research.

3.2 Data and Data Source

The Data for this research are taken by using Record the Conversation and

direct observation.

For the collecting data the writer went to Summer Pavillion Restaurant with

is take place in Singapore and then record the conversation with the Singaporean

because it is the most commonly in daily English speech and after that the writer

will analysis one by one of words but just the words that has the dialect/Slang. The

writer wills analysis word dialect of Singlish between Standard English.

3.3 Population and Sample

3.3.1 Population

Polit and Hungler (1999:37) refer to the population as an aggregate or

totality of all the objects, subjects or members that conform to a set of

specifications. In this study the population was Singaporean Characteristic

Classification Influenced by Multi Culture that is class, dialect and residential areas.

The population of this research Singlish Slang from the Singaporean. In this case

the population that support to get data 2 people (in-depth interview) and 5 people

(for observation).

3.3.2 Sample

The sample of this research is from Chinese Singaporean. The sample is

collected by Recording and observation with the people in the restaurant. The writer

takes the sample within one day because it can represent the subject of this analysis

about Singaporean English Characteristic Classification Influenced by Multi

Culture that is Singlish Slang and meaning Singlish.

This transcript is raw data that writer has got by way of recording.

No SINGLISH ENGLISH

1. WahLiau! So late! My goodness! She’s really late!

2. Where you want to makan? Where shall we eat?

3. No choice, mah. Must go down

town lor.

We have no choice, we have to go down

town.

4. Going to rain already It is going to rain soon

5. Wah piang! So crowded! My God! It’s crowded!

6. Anyone sitting here? Is this chair occupied?

7. Can you chop this table? Can you reserve this table?

8. There can sit You can sit over there

9. You bring go first You can take this first

10. Here have meh? Are you sure they have it here?

11. You want rice only, ah? Do you want only the rice?

12. You got kopi? Do you serve coffee?

13. Why take so long to eat? Why did you take such a long time to eat?

14. It’s still hot! You think I am

what?

Who do you take me for?

15. Do you heard? that Gaument

giving out money again

The government is handling out money again

16. Yes, He sure get caught one. He is certain to be caught

17. He can bring it there , mah He should have no problem bringing it here

18. I will sms you I will text you

3.1 Table of Transcript by Recoding

3.4. Data Collecting Technique

The first thing when writer to do when collecting data. The writer went to

Singapore from Batam by ship. After arrived at Singapore port. Then writer went

Singapore with MRT, writer already told Singaporean for interview. By recording

Singaporean daily conversation and writer observe in the restaurant situation the

language that people use and Slangs. Then, after writer get the answers wanted. The

writer sort out the word of the Singaporean gave. And after that writer will carefully

compare it to Standard English every word and the dialect they speak by writing on

paper.

3.5. Data Analyzing Method

The writer does some steps in analysing the data. And the method there is

semantic theory that the writer use for analysis. They are:

1. Reading the data

2. Analysis the conversation

3. Classifying them between Singlish and Standard English

3.6. Location and Schedule of the research

3.6.1 Research Location

The researcsh location was done in Summer Pavilion Restaurant at

Singapore Summer Pavilion was established in 2000, which is located in Ritz

Calton Singapore hotel. This restaurant is visited by many citizens in the country

both overseas citizens. They provide many food and dinner packages, private dining

and tea salon. Thanks to the restaurant team that is CHEUNG SIU KONG,

CHINESE EXECUTIVE CHEF Summer pavilion also get awards in 2016 and

2017. This restaurant is at The Ritz-Carlton, Millennia Singapore 7 Raffles Avenue

Singapore, 039799 Singapore. Open the restaurant at Lunch time Daily, 11:30 a.m.

To 2:30 p.m. (Last order at 2:15 p.m.) Dim sum, à la carte and set menus are

available. Dinner Daily, 6:30 p.m. To 10:30 p.m. (Last order at 10:15 p.m.) À la

carte and set menus are available.

3.6.2 Research Schedule

The research schedule in this analysis is the section from (in-depth

interview) and observation. The writer takes the research within three month

because it can represent the subject of this analysis about Singaporean English

Characteristic Classification Influenced by Multi Culture. Writer analyzed

Singlish and divided into three analyzes: code switching, discourse particle and

word ordering. It took 1 month to analyze the switching code, 1 month discourse

particle and 1 month for word ordering.

Tabel 3.2 Research Schedule

The research was conducted in three month starting from the sample to

making report of this final assignment is Singaporean English Characteristic

Classification Influenced by Multi Culture.

CHAPTER IV

FINDING AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter writer shows the result of identification the differences of

Singlish and English standard. The writer will give more explanation about the

subject of the research as a finding. It means that the writer will give a general

knowledge about types of Singlish Slang in identifying the Singlish slang and

Standard English. Singlish Slang can be identified in table previously mentioned as

the object of the paper. And in this chapter also the writer will analyze 2

simultaneously in formulation in chapter I. This identification is done to give some

contributions to the foreigner everyone who will be in touch with Singaporean can

improve their knowledge about the Singlish Slang in order that can understanding

more Singaporean language. In this chapter the writer will also explain more deeply

about Singlish discourse particle, word ordering in Singlish and also code switching

in Singlish, which will make it easier for people to understand Singlish. Singlish

tells about the way the Singaporean talk in daily conversation by their slang,

Singaporeans actually deliver a sentence in combined English, Chinese, Malay and

Indian words with an English, Chinese, Indian or Malay intonations, or a

combination of them.

4.1 Finding

Singlish tell about how the Singaporean talk in daily conversation,

Singaporean could actually deliver a sentence in combined English, Chinese, Malay

and Indian words with an English, Chinese, Indian or Malay intonations, or a

combination of them (fortunately this is not the instructional language used in

higher learning institutions)

Here are the data which is author analysis based on source and its meaning:

Data I

“Wah Liau! So Late!”

Analysis on Data I: Particles in Singlish are highly comparable to Chinese.

In general, discourse particles, also known as "tags" occur at the end of a sentence.

Their presence changes the meaning or the tone of the sentence, but not its

grammatical meaning. Particles are noted for keeping their tones regardless of the

remainder of the sentence. Most of the particles are directly borrowed from southern

Chinese varieties, with the tones intact. The common word in Singlish that people

often don’t understand in Singlish is Wah Liau! Wah liau is Language from

Hokkien/Teocew that 20% spoken Chinese words, which is the Singlish equivalent

of "Oh my gosh/my goodness!" They use Wah liau! To express despair and

sometimes anxiety (Urban Dictionary, 2017). For instance, “wah liau! So late!”

which mean "My goodness! She’s really late!”

Data II

“Where you want to makan?”

Analysis Data II: In this uttarence the speaker mix English with Malay

Language which is very common in Singapore. “Makan” is Malay Language

which mean “eat”. Singlish is consist 8% of Malay Language. So, In this utterance

“where you want to makan?” which means “where shall we eat?”. The form of

singlish in data 2 is code switching. Code switching is the practice of moving back

and forth between two languages, or between two dialects or registers of the same

language. Also called code-mixing and style shifting. Code switching (CS) occurs

far more often in conversation than in writing.

Data III

“No choice, mah. Must go down town lor.”

Analysis Data III: in this utterance “mah” and “lor” are included at the end

of a sentence to add emotions or feelings to the sentence. There is no specification

for the writing of the word because it is just a common dialect in the word at the

end of each sentence in Chinese language. So,“No choice, mah. Must go down town

lor” which means “we have no choice, we have to go down town”. Mah and lor is

part of Singlish Discourse Particle. Discourse Particle is a word or phrase that plays

a role in managing the flow and structure of discourse. Since their main function is

at the level of discourse (sequences of utterances) rather than at the level of

utterances or sentences, discourse markers are relatively syntax-independent and

usually do not change the truth conditional meaning of the sentence.

Data IV

“Going to rain already”

Analysis Data IV: Instead of the past tense, a change of state can be

expressed by adding already or liao (/liâu/) to the end of the sentence, analogous to

Chinese 了 (le). This is not the same as the past tense, but more of an aspect, as it

does not cover past habitual or continuous occurrences, and it refers to a real or

hypothetical change of state in the past, present or future. The frequent use of

already (pronounced more like "oreddy" and sometimes spelt that way) in

Singapore English is probably a direct influence of the Hokkien liao particle. They

intent to speak informally for efficiency in daily conversation So in this utterance

“Going to rain already” which mean “it’s going to rain soon”. The word ordering

in data IV is not well arranged as it usually ordered as “it’s going to rain soon”.

Therefore, this is called as colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words

and expressions) informal and more suitable for use in speech than in writing. In

the following paragraphs the term Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very

informal variety used in some situations by native or proficient speakers of

Singaporean English, who choose this variety as an alternative to Standard English

and often mix it with Standard English (or with other languages). The term Singlish

is usually used in ordinary usage for this kind of English, although people also use

the term Singlish to refer to other kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used

by those who are not proficient in Standard English.

Data V

“Wah Piang! So crowded!”

Analysis Data V: in this uttarnce “Wah Piang” is Language from

Hokkien/Teocew that 20% spoken Chinese words. Which is the Singlish equivalent

of "my God!" They use Wah Piang! To express despair and sometimes anxiety

(Urban Dictionary, 2017). For instance, “wah piang! So crowded!” which mean

"My God! It’s so crowded”

Data VI

“Any one sitting here?”

Analysis Data VI: Singlish has its unique slang and syntax, which are more

pronounced in informal speech. Singapore is known for its efficiency and Singlish

is no different from Standard English. They intent to speak informally for efficiency

in daily conversation. Singlish is topic-prominent, like Chinese and Japanese. This

means that Singlish sentences often begin with a topic (or a known reference of the

conversation), followed by a comment (or new information) Compared to other

varieties of English, the semantic relationship between topic and comment is not

important; moreover, nouns, verbs, adverbs, and even entire subject-verb-object

phrases can all serve as the topic So in this utterance “Any one sitting here?” which

mean “is this chair occupied?”. The word ordering in data VI is not well arranged

as it usually ordered as “is this chair occupied”. Therefore, this is called as

colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words and expressions) informal

and more suitable for use in speech than in writing. In the following paragraphs the

term Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very informal variety used in some

situations by native or proficient speakers of Singaporean English, who choose this

variety as an alternative to Standard English and often mix it with Standard English

(or with other languages). The term Singlish is usually used in ordinary usage for

this kind of English, although people also use the term Singlish to refer to other

kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used by those who are not proficient

in Standard English.

Data VII

“Can you chop this table?”

Analysis Data VII: in this utterance “chop” means “cut” the speaker want to

quickly marked that it was for her. It’s just informally language that usually

Singaporean use in daily conversation. But sometimes Indonesian also use this for

the example is “chop! Aku duduk di kursi ini diluan ya!”. So in this uttarence “can

you chop this table?” which means “can you reserve this table?”.

Data VIII

“There can sit”

Analysis data VIII: Singlish has its unique slang and syntax, which are more

pronounced in informal speech. Compared to other varieties of English, the

semantic relationship between topic and comment is not important; moreover,

nouns, verbs, adverbs, and even entire subject-verb-object phrases can all serve as

the topic. “there can sit” which means “you can sit over there” is this utterance the

speaker want to speak efficiency. The topic can be omitted when the context is

clear, or shared between clauses. This result in constructions that appear to be

missing a subject to a speaker of most other varieties of English, and so called PRO-

drop utterances may be regarded as a diagnostic feature of Singlish. The word

ordering in data VIII is not well arranged as it usually ordered as “you can sit over

there”. Therefore, this is called as colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is

(of words and expressions) informal and more suitable for use in speech than in

writing. In the following paragraphs the term Singapore Colloquial English refers

to the very informal variety used in some situations by native or proficient speakers

of Singaporean English, who choose this variety as an alternative to Standard

English and often mix it with Standard English (or with other languages). The term

Singlish is usually used in ordinary usage for this kind of English, although people

also use the term Singlish to refer to other kinds of Singaporean English, which may

be used by those who are not proficient in Standard English.

Data IX

“You bring go first”

Analysis Data IX: Singlish is topic-prominent, like Chinese and Japanese.

This means that Singlish sentences often begin with a topic (or a known reference

of the conversation), followed by a comment (or new information) Compared to

other varieties of English, the semantic relationship between topic and comment is

not important; moreover, nouns, verbs, adverbs, and even entire subject-verb-object

phrases can all serve as the topic:

“You bring go first” which means “You can take this first”. In this utterance

the speaker change the verb from “take” to “bring”. There is no special explanation

just Singaporean intent to speak informally. The most important is not the

composition of grammar but they understand each other. The word ordering in data

IX is not well arranged as it usually ordered as “You can take this first”. Therefore,

this is called as colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words and

expressions) informal and more suitable for use in speech than in writing. In the

following paragraphs the term Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very

informal variety used in some situations by native or proficient speakers of

Singaporean English, who choose this variety as an alternative to Standard English

and often mix it with Standard English (or with other languages). The term Singlish

is usually used in ordinary usage for this kind of English, although people also use

the term Singlish to refer to other kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used

by those who are not proficient in Standard English.

Data X

“Here have meh?”

Analysis Data X: Particles in Singlish are highly comparable to Chinese. In

general, discourse particles, also known as "tags" occur at the end of a sentence.

Their presence changes the meaning or the tone of the sentence, but not its

grammatical meaning. Particles are noted for keeping their tones regardless of the

remainder of the sentence. Most of the particles are directly borrowed from southern

Chinese varieties, with the tones intact. in this utterance “meh” are included at the

end of a sentence to add emotions or feelings to the sentence. There is no

specification for the writing of the word because it is just a common dialect in the

word at the end of each sentence in Chinese language. So “here have meh?” which

means “are you sure they have it here?” In this sentence the speakers use "meh" to

emphasize the question to the listener. Meh is part of Singlish Discourse Particle.

Discourse Particle is a word or phrase that plays a role in managing the flow and

structure of discourse. Since their main function is at the level of discourse

(sequences of utterances) rather than at the level of utterances or sentences,

discourse markers are relatively syntax-independent and usually do not change the

truth conditional meaning of the sentence.

Data XI

”You want rice only or not?”

Analysis Data XI: In addition to the usual ‘which’ way of forming yes-no

questions, Singlish uses two more constructions:

In a construction similar (but not identical) to Chinese A-not-A, or not is

appended to the end of sentences to form yes/no questions. Or not cannot be used

with sentences already in the negative. So “You want rice only or not?” which

means “do you only want the rice is it?”. The phrase is it, appended to the end of

sentences, forms yes-no questions. It is generic like the French n'est-ce pas? (isn't

it so?), regardless of the actual verb in the sentence, Is it implies that the speaker is

simply confirming something he/she has already inferred.

Example: They never study, is it? (No wonder they failed!)

Data XII

“You got kopi?”

Analysis Data XII: Singlish sentences often begin with a topic (or a known

reference of the conversation), followed by a comment (or new information)

Compared to other varieties of English, the semantic relationship between topic and

comment is not important; moreover, nouns, verbs, adverbs, and even entire

subject-verb-object phrases can all serve as the topic. In this utterance the speaker

want to speak efficiency in her daily conversation so instead “Do you serve coffee?”

she said “You got Kopi”. There is no special explanation just Singaporean intent to

speak informally. The most important is not the composition of grammar but they

understand each other. The word ordering in data XII is not well arranged as it

usually ordered as “Do you serve coffee”. Therefore, this is called as colloquial

Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words and expressions) informal and more

suitable for use in speech than in writing. In the following paragraphs the term

Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very informal variety used in some

situations by native or proficient speakers of Singaporean English, who choose this

variety as an alternative to Standard English and often mix it with Standard English

(or with other languages). The term Singlish is usually used in ordinary usage for

this kind of English, although people also use the term Singlish to refer to other

kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used by those who are not proficient

in Standard English.

Data XIII

“Why take so long to eat?

Analysis Data XIII: Singlish sentences often begin with a topic (or a known

reference of the conversation), followed by a comment (or new information)

Compared to other varieties of English, the semantic relationship between topic and

comment is not important; moreover, nouns, verbs, adverbs, and even entire

subject-verb-object phrases can all serve as the topic. In this utterance the speaker

wants to speak efficiently by takeout noun and adj “why take so long to eat” instead

said “why you take such a long time to eat?”. The word ordering in data XIII is not

well arranged as it usually ordered as “why you take such a long time to eat”.

Therefore, this is called as colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words

and expressions) informal and more suitable for use in speech than in writing. In

the following paragraphs the term Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very

informal variety used in some situations by native or proficient speakers of

Singaporean English, who choose this variety as an alternative to Standard English

and often mix it with Standard English (or with other languages). The term Singlish

is usually used in ordinary usage for this kind of English, although people also use

the term Singlish to refer to other kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used

by those who are not proficient in Standard English.

Data XIV

“It’s still hot, you think I am what?”

Analysis Data XIV: in this utterance the speaker says “you think I am what”

is simply the usual question for ”What sort of person do you think I am?” the

speaker express her feeling of her friends who think that she take so much time to

eat, eventough the food is still hot. So “it’s still hot, you think Iam what? Which

means “who do you take me for?”. The word ordering in data XIV is not well

arranged as it usually ordered as “who do you take me for?” Therefore, this is

called as colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words and expressions)

informal and more suitable for use in speech than in writing. In the following

paragraphs the term Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very informal

variety used in some situations by native or proficient speakers of Singaporean

English, who choose this variety as an alternative to Standard English and often

mix it with Standard English (or with other languages). The term Singlish is usually

used in ordinary usage for this kind of English, although people also use the term

Singlish to refer to other kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used by those

who are not proficient in Standard English.

Data XV

“Do you heard ? that gaument giving out the money again”

Analysis Data XV: It is highly likely that the English words spoken in

Singlish may not be discernible to the people because the speaker has adopted

localized intonations. “gaument” is the three-syllable word, “government” could be

shortened to two syllables and is spoken as “gaument”. So “Do you heard? That

gaument giving out that money again” which means The government is handling

the money again”

Data XVI

“Yes he sure get caught one”

Analysis Data XVI: Singlish has its unique slang and syntax, which are more

pronounced in informal speech. Singapore is known for its efficiency and Singlish

is no different from Standard English. They intent to speak informally for efficiency

in daily conversation. So when the speaker says “yes, he sure get caught one”.

Simply interpreted with “He is certain to be caught”. The word ordering in data

XVI is not well arranged as it usually ordered as “He is certain to be caught”.

Therefore, this is called as colloquial Singaporean English. Colloquial is (of words

and expressions) informal and more suitable for use in speech than in writing. In

the following paragraphs the term Singapore Colloquial English refers to the very

informal variety used in some situations by native or proficient speakers of

Singaporean English, who choose this variety as an alternative to Standard English

and often mix it with Standard English (or with other languages). The term Singlish

is usually used in ordinary usage for this kind of English, although people also use

the term Singlish to refer to other kinds of Singaporean English, which may be used

by those who are not proficient in Standard English.

Data XVII

“He can bring it here, mah”

Analysis Data XVII: in this utterance the speaker use Discourse Particle and

Topic prominence This means that Singlish sentences often begin with a topic (or

a known reference of the conversation), followed by a comment (or new

information) Compared to other varieties of English, the semantic relationship

between topic and comment is not important; moreover, nouns, verbs, adverbs, and

even entire subject-verb-object phrases can all serve as the topic. Discourse Particle

“mah” also known as "tags" occur at the end of a sentence. Their presence changes

the meaning or the tone of the sentence, but not its grammatical meaning. Particles

are noted for keeping their tones regardless of the remainder of the sentence. “mah”

particles are directly borrowed from southern Chinese varieties, with the tones

intact. So the uttarnce of “he can bring it there mah” interpreted as “he should have

no problem to bring it here”. Mah and lor is part of Singlish Discourse Particle.

Discourse Particle is a word or phrase that plays a role in managing the flow and

structure of discourse. Since their main function is at the level of discourse

(sequences of utterances) rather than at the level of utterances or sentences,

discourse markers are relatively syntax-independent and usually do not change the

truth conditional meaning of the sentence.

4.2 Discussion

Singlish that has been analyzed by the writer above has been given the

source of chinese which is actually already described from the right English

grammar. To make it easier for anyone traveling to Singapore or the new comer to

Singapore will have the references that if they find a composite word like the

examples already mentioned in the table above, it’s not going to be a strange for

them to hear about the Singlish slang. Some nouns are placed not grammatically,

sometimes in front and sometimes also in the back. Usually, a sentence in Singlish

will have all the nouns, adjectives, prepositions (if any) and adverbs jumbled up.

Actually, most Singlish sentences are structured according to how Chinese

sentences are constructed (thought out), rather than following the rules of English

sentence construction. People will, without doubt, be at a lost when an entire

conversation is spoken in this manner. And maybe will get to hear this all the time

in public places when Singaporeans speaks in “English”, or Singlish.

The writer will explain a little bit of common word "Alamak". of the

Singaporean English Characterstic Classsificatiom Influenced by Multi language

Culture. The writer identify Singlish/dialect of every culture, from each people

living in Singapore. Chinese and Malay, The common word in Singlish that people

often don’t understand in Singlish is is Alamak! Which is the Singlish equivalent

of "Oh my gosh!" They use Alamak! To express despair and sometimes anxiety.

For instance, "Alamak! I forgot to bring my assignment!"

A Singlish sentence often ends with words like "lah", "leh", "meh" or "lor".

These utterances are included at the end of a sentence to add emotions or feelings

to the sentence. A common use of such end-of-sentence phrase is in the phrase "OK

lah" which is the Singlish equivalent for "Okie dokie". The difference is fairly subtle

and can be fully understood only after years of exposure to Singlish. There are also

phrases and words which are distinctly Singlish.

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1. Conclusion

The conclusions and suggestion is the last chapter where the writer draws

the conclusions to answer the problem statements in chapter 1 based on the analysis

in chapter IV, besides, the writer gives the suggestions for the other in relation to

the topic of this paper. After comprehending and analyzing Singaporean Singlish

language, it can be inferred that the Singlish and Standard English, simply speaking,

an eye-opener, an enlightenment. English is only understood by Singaporean whose

mother tongue is like chinese, malay etc. New people will be difficult to understand.

It’s really way many differences from the standard English either in grammar, or in

vocabulary. Singlish have many mistake in Grammars, But has been recognized

and understood by the Singaporean. For other countries specifically its Asia is still

easy to understand Singlish, but for countries in europe or western people will have

difficult to understand when communication with them. Their vocabulary in

adoption of the mother tongue is difficult to understand.

5.2. Suggestion

Based on the problem statements and after having analysis, the writer

suggest for:

5.2.1 foreigners

The writer hope that this paper can help foreigners who are on holiday to

Singapore. This paper can help them to understand every citizen like the seller of

souvenir and certain places that live in multicultural society in Singapore

5.2.2 The Students

This paper also suggest to the students who want study in Singapore (student

exchange). Because Singlish is greatly affect the language in the world of education

such as schools and universities. So that they can be more understand the society

language in schools or universities.

5.2.3 Other Researcher

Other researchers can use this paper as their references and master to

distinguish the differences of using Singlish and Standard English.

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APPENDIX

This transcript is raw data that writer has got by way of recording:

Ria: hi guys…

Lusy : Wah liau! so late!

Ria : sorry lah, the immigration is so long

Phing cen : Where you want to makan ?

Ria : ohh…well, its…up to you guys…where you want to go

Lusy : No choise, mah must go down town , lor.

Ria: oh really ?

Phing cen : summer pavilion leh. Going to rain orredy.

Lusy : Wah piang ! so crowded!

Phing chen : Anyone sitting here ? Can you chope this table please?

Hello…??can you chope this table please?

(to the writers)

Writers: no, you can have it

Phing : There can sit…sit sit sit!

Lucy : You bring go first.

Phing chen : what do you want to eat ?

Ria : toppoki Mozarella

Lucy : Here have meh?

Phing : yes they have.. You want rice only or not?

Lucy : yes. You got kopi ?

Phing : Why take so long to eat ?

Lucy : its still hot! You think I am what ?

Phing : do you heard ? that Gaument giving out money again

Lucy : yes, He sure get caugh one.

Phing : He can bring it there , mah

CURRICULUM VITAE

Data Pribadi

➢ Nama : Riani Dwi Putri

➢ Tempat/tanggal lahir : Batam, 1 April 1995

➢ Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan

➢ Agama : Islam

➢ Berat Badan : 70 kg

➢ Tinggi Badan : 165 cm

➢ Alamat : Tiban BTN Blok F No.5, Batam

➢ Handphone : 081268279070

➢ Status : Belum menikah

➢ E_mail : Rianidp@gmail.com

➢ Nama Ayah : Ombedi

➢ Nama Ibu : Sugimah

DATA PENDIDIKAN

➢ SD : SDN 007 Tiban, Batam (2001 – 2007)

➢ SMP : SMP Kartini Batam (2007 – 2010)

➢ SMA : SMA Kartini Batam (2010 – 2013)

➢ PERGURUAN TINGGI : GICI ABA PH (2014 – 2017).

PENGALAMAN

➢ P.T Telkom Indonesia : 2014 - 2016

JABATAN : CTB RIKEP ADMIN CENTRE

KEMAMPUAN BAHASA

➢ ENGLISH(NATIVE SPEAKER-FLUENTLY IN ORAL AND

WRITTEN)

➢ KOREAN(SPEAK FLUENTLY IN ORAL AND WRITTEN)

➢ JAPAN(FAIR BASIC)

➢ MANDARIN(FAIR BASIC)

ORGANISASI

➢ BMI KEPRI (BENTENG MUDA INDONESIA)

JABATAN: DPD WAKIL SEKERTARIS BIDANG PROGRAM

KERAKYATAN

HOBBY

➢ Travelling

➢ Movies