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Synthesis of Fe and Co catalysts supported on aluminophosphates for the reaction

of Fischer-Tropsch

Rafael Ricardo Celin Mancera

Masters, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.

!STRCT

The Fischer synthesis reaction - Tropsch has received great attention for its technological

and scientific interest. Naturally this interest is largely associated with the problem of oil

shortage, as the Fischer - Tropsch synthesis provides a convenient route for the

transformation of solid in liquid and gaseous fuels and basic materials in the petrochemical

industry. Given the structure of the Brailian mar!et, this interest is primarily directed to the

replacement of diesel and fuel oil. "#perience has shown that, through a suitable selection

of catalyst and operating conditions, it is possible to change, within certain limits, the

distribution of products obtained in the synthesis reaction. This paper presents a new

series of obtaining catalysts containing cobalt and $ or iron supported on aluminofosfastosfor application in the catalytic conversion of synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons in a

process called Fischer-Tropsch synthesis %FT&'. The aluminofosfastos seran crystallied

by hydrothermal method with microwave energy. The aim of this research, identify some

possible avenues for the development of optimied catalysts, more active and more

selective for certain product fractions %gasoline, diesel, olefins'.

"ey#ords$ (ydrothermal synthesis, aluminophosphates, cobalt and iron catalysts,

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

R%SUM&$ ) rea*+o de sntese de Fischer - Tropsch tem merecido uma grande aten*+opelo seu interesse tecnolgico e cientfico. Naturalmente este interesse est, em grande

parte, associado ao problema da escasse do petrleo, na medida em que a sntese de

Fischer - Tropsch oferece uma rota adequada para a transforma*+o de combustveis

slidos em combustveis lquidos e gasosos e em insumos bsicos da /ndustria

petroqumica. 0ada a estrutura do mercado brasileiro, este interesse est essencialmente

dirigido para a substitui*+o do leo diesel e do leo combustvel. ) e#peri1ncia mostra

que, atrav2s de uma sele*+o adequada do catalisador e das condi*3es operatrias, 2

possvel alterar, dentro de certos limites, a distribui*+o dos produtos obtidos na rea*+o de

sntese. Neste trabalho 2 apresentada uma nova obten*+o de s2ries de catalisadores

contendo cobalto e$ou ferro suportados em aluminofosfastos para aplica*+o na convers+o

cataltica de gs de sntese em hidrocarbonetos lquidos, num processo denominado desntese de Fischer-Tropsch %&FT'. 4s aluminofosfastos ser+o cristaliados pelo m2todo

hidrot2rmico com energia de microondas. 5retende-se com esta investiga*+o, identificar

algumas possveis vias para o desenvolvimento de catalisadores otimiados, mais ativos

e mais seletivos, para determinadas fra*3es de produtos %gasolina, diesel, olefinas, etc'.

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Palavras-chave$ &ntese (idrot2rmica, )luminofosfastos, 6atalisadores de 6obalto e

Ferro, &ntese de Fischer-Tropsch.

'(TR&)UCT'&(

The catalytic conversion of natural gas into chemicals of greatest economic value hasbeen intensively studied in many countries, because of its large commercial interests.

6urrently, most of the methanol produced in the world has as raw material gas. Nearly half

of all the (7 produced in the world comes from the catalytic conversion of natural gas with

water vapor. Today8s world is dependent on the transport of liquid fuels, so the conversion

of natural gas in remote areas to liquid fuels is a viable alternative to the economic use of

many of these reserves. )n e#ample of a possible application of these remote sources, the

current conversion technology could provide about 9::,::: bpd of high quality fuels for

about 7: years from a reservation with only :.9; trillion cubic meters of gas. )mong the

most viable technologies for converting natural gas into hydrocarbons can highlight the

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis %FT&', which consists in sub


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release of large amounts of heat within the pores aluminofosfastos causing damage to the

crystal structure. The precursor materials are mi#ed in stoichiometric proportions in order

to obtain a gel with the following molar compositionE 9:.A T5)Br. The absorbers are

characteried by -ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis %TG)', fluorescence

scanning electron microscopy #-ray %&">'. The airline specifies, =olumen and diameter

will be determined by the B"T method %Brunauer-emmet teller'.

R%F%R%(C%S

9. )0"&/N), ). )., *ydrocaron synthesis via Fischer-Tropsch reactionE travails

and triumphs, )ppl. 6atal. ), v. 9@, p. @?H-@A;, 9A.

7. )N0"I&4N, J. I.K 5I)TT, L. 6., 'ntroduction to Characteri/ation and Testin0

of Catalysts, &ydneyE )cademic 5ress, 9H, p. AH.

@. &. (ori!oshi, (. )be, L. Torigoe, >. )be, N. Serpone, (anoscale 7 %7:9:'9??9.

?. >.&. 0resselhaus, G. 0resselhaus, 5.5. )vouris, Topics in )pplied

5hysics,&pringer-=erlag, Berlin, 7::9.

H. )I6MI/, L. B.K &6()ITO, P. (.K 5/TI4&L/, I. 0.K BMTT, J. B., 'ron alloy

Fischer-Tropsch catalysts ?. Ieaction and selectivity studies of the Fe6o

system, J. 6atal., v. H, p. @?-@A9, 9?.

A. B/P4"N, 5.K &)6(TP"I, . >. (., Mechanism of hydrocaron synthesis over

Fischer-Tropsch catalysts, )dv. 6atal., v. @:, p. 9AH-79A, 99.

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