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8/3/2019 SIP Tutorial1
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This document is for informational purposes only, and Tekelec reserves the right to change any aspect of the products, features
or functionality described in this document without notice. Please contact Tekelec for additional information and updates.
SIP OverviewSIP Educational Series: Part I
March 18th, 2008
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Tekelec Proprietary 2
Speakers
Mike Sies (Moderator)
Product MarketingTekelec
Jiri Kuthan
AVP, Engineering (SIP Technologies)Tekelec
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Tekelec Proprietary 3
About Tekelec
Signaling Session Management Number Portability Messaging
Service Mediation Flexible Routing Service Assurance Revenue Assurance
Service Creation
Tekelecs solutions arein 7 of 10 of the worlds
largest wireless carriersand in 6 of 10 of theworlds largest wireline
carriers
TekelecTekelecs solutions ares solutions are
in 7 of 10 of the worldin 7 of 10 of the worldss
largest wireless carrierslargest wireless carriers
and in 6 of 10 of theand in 6 of 10 of theworldworlds largest wirelines largest wireline
carrierscarriers
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Tekelec Proprietary 4
Outline
Q1: SIP Overview (March 18th) Introduction
Why SIP
SIP History
Where SIP was born: IETFstandardization
Use cases: voice, messaging,presence & conferencing
SIP definition & standards
SIP with respect to SS7 signaling
Q2: Introduction to SIP Protocol &Procedures (June 3rd)
SIP Architecture SIP Servers, ENUM
SIP protocol & message elements
SIP procedures
Q3: Deploying SIP in Real Networks(Exact date not finalized yet)
Quality of service (QoS)
NATs and Firewalls
PSTN Real-time Protocol (RTP) formultimedia applications
Q4: SIP Security & Services (Exactdate not finalized yet)
SIP security
SIP services Future SIP uses cases
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This document is for informational purposes only, and Tekelec reserves the right to change any aspect of the products, features
or functionality described in this document without notice. Please contact Tekelec for additional information and updates.
Introduction: Why SIP?
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What Is SIP? Depends on Who You Are
Visionary: missing piece for running all servicesover IP, including your browser, telephone and coffeemachine. Richer user interface than PSTN.
Productivity/collaboration applications. Work fromanywhere.
VP for Business Development: technology for all-IP-based telephony that allows integration with
Internet services and surpasses investment barriers CFO: reduction of costs by running homogenous all-
IP technology.
Techie: HTTP-like protocol specified in RFC3261 andassociated standards and running similarly like Emailruns over all-IP.
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but it is always about ALL-IP.
Services available to all users,on-site, off-site, multi-site,underway, home office, in office.
Single infrastructure for data andvoice.
Improved productivity tools.
Service operation can beoutsourced in a Centrex-likemanner. Like with web/email,single server may host multipledomains for better efficiency.DSL
T1
E1
WaveLAN
PSTN
https://shop.lindows.com/shopping/cartProcessor.php?addItem[0][sku]=DSXXXUSRSIPPHN&addItem[0][fulfillment]=ship8/3/2019 SIP Tutorial1
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Why SIP?
Challengers: All-IP nature opens up competition and removes investment barriers.
Incumbents: isnt VoIP a cannibalization threat?
No it is a Darwinist test in that well-adapting species profit whereas othersthat dont will disappear.
Whats the adaptation chance?
- Running homogenous all-IP networks greatly reduces cost and increasescompetitiveness.
- If I was an incumbent, I would pay most attention to key assets: access, identity,& retail capability.
Attack other market segments like challengers do.
Why not SkypeTM?
Thats a single party game: too few devices because of proprietarytechnology and reportedly the only party to make $ with Skype is Skype.
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SIP Works Quite Fine in 2008
Working standardized technology for running Telephonyover the Internet (and in the future more real-timeapplications, such as messaging, gaming, etc.)
We have today a variety of interoperable equipment:
Clients: hardphone (snom, Cisco, Mitel, Nortel, Avaya, .),softphones (Microsoft, Counterpath, ), dual phones (Nokia),IADs (Linksys, AVM), terminal adapters (Sipura)
Gateways: Tekelec, Cisco, Sonus,
Servers: Tekelec/iptelorg, Oracle/HotSip, Ubiquity/Avaya, ...
Service providers: ISPs (T-Online, Earthlink), ASPs(SIPphone, Vonage), fixed-mobile-convergence providers
(Telio, Truvoice)
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Summary of Introduction
SIP as of today (2008) is a mature all-IP technology andis embedded in a wide array of equipment from variousvendors.
Todays ISP/ASP market is moving to mobile markets. The cost-savings promise holds, applications are
coming slowly.
Learning and integration efforts are considerable.Troubleshooting in distrubuted networks still takes deepexpertise.
Upcoming concerns: security and unsolicitedcommunication.
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Poll Question #1
How do you rate your SIP knowledge?
a) Expert
b) Intermediate
c) Basic
d) None
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This document is for informational purposes only, and Tekelec reserves the right to change any aspect of the products, features
or functionality described in this document without notice. Please contact Tekelec for additional information and updates.
IETF Standardization
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Where SIP Was Born
Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF www.ietf.org) is astandardization body, which hascreated a large variety of Internetprotocols:
TCP/IP for interconnection SMTP for E-email FTP for data transfer RTP for voice, etc.
Participation is open: participants from both data and telecom industryparticipate, as well as from academia. Contribution comes fromindividuals (as opposed to companies or institutions).
SIP was developed by the IETF (within the Real-Time Applications andInfrastructure area) and has grown to encompass several offshoots:
SIP (core SIP protocol)
SIPPING (telephony and multimedia applications and extensions)
SIMPLE (SIP-based instant messaging and presence)
http://www.ietf.org/http://www.ietf.org/http://www.ietf.org/8/3/2019 SIP Tutorial1
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MobileNetworks
3GPPand 3GPP2
(defined IMS)
Cable/Broadband
CableLabs(defined
PaketCable)
WirelineNetworks
ETSI, ITUand ATIS
(defined TISPAN)
SIPs Migration as a Standard
SIP has successfully migrated tobecome the global signalingprotocol that underpins broadarchitectural efforts (especiallythe IP Multimedia Subsystem orIMS) for wireless, wireline andbroadband networks
SIP, SIP-T, RTPand many
other protocols
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How IETF Working Groups Relate(Abbreviated Listing)
Core Specs SupportingSpecsApplicationSpecs
SIPCore
SignalingProtocol
Specifications
SIPPING
SIP Extensions(Filter for CoreSIP Working
Group)
AVT
Voice andReal-time
Transport
mmusic
Conferencingutilities
iptel
SupportingProtocols
ENUM
IP-PSTN
Numbering
XCON
CentralizedConferencing
GeoPriv
Locationand Related
Privacy
SIMPLE
InstantMessaging
and Presence
Chaired byRobert Sparks
Chaired byRobert Sparks
Chaired byAdam Roach
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S in SIP Doesnt Stand for Simple
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This document is for informational purposes only, and Tekelec reserves the right to change any aspect of the products, features
or functionality described in this document without notice. Please contact Tekelec for additional information and updates.
SIP Use Cases
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SIP Use Cases
Traditional PBX services Some reproducible with SIP 1:1, such as call forwarding
Some hard to reproduce, such as call parking
Some reproducible in different ways, such as voicemailby E-mail
Meshed SIP-based Communications Instant messaging and presence
Web integration such as click-to-dial
Killer applications and other nonsense is out-of-scope of this tutorial.
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Meshed SIP-based Communications
Use the same signalingvehicle for more services.
SIP already supports: Notion of user location
Application-layer logic (incl.forking, redirection, etc.)
Security: authentication
The applicationsdemanded & deployed aremostly about serviceintegration:
E-mail: replacement of IVRannoyance with voicemail-2-e-mail
Web: read list of missed callsfrom your webpage (both off-line
& on-line) Web: online phonebook, click-
to-dial Instant Messaging and
Presence, Notification services
(T-storm alarm), SMS delivery Telephony: conferencing
Technical challenge: makeservice programming easy
Example: Voicemail-2-emailserver w/video
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Poll Question #2
Which SIP-based services have you deployed or do youplan to deploy in the next 6-12 months? (you can selectmore than one response)
a) VoIP
b) Push-to-x (talk, video, etc.)
c) Presence
d) Messaging
e) Conferencing
f) Fixed mobile convergence (FMC)
g) Other
h) None
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This document is for informational purposes only, and Tekelec reserves the right to change any aspect of the products, features
or functionality described in this document without notice. Please contact Tekelec for additional information and updates.
Essential SIP Definitions
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Tekelec Proprietary 22
RFC 3261
RFC3261 is the key specification for SIP technology
It establishes the SIP elements (User Agents, Proxyservers), their functions and topologies, and theprotocol they use to speak with each other.
SIP is a text-based, request-reply, client-server
protocol. The next slide shows an RFC3261 call-flow: two SIP
phones establish a connection through a SIP proxy
server. The proxy server implements an authenticationpolicy and locates the call recipient.
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Basic SIP Call-Flow (Proxy Mode)
[email protected]:[email protected]
Location Database
Proxy
INVITE
sip:[email protected]:
sip:[email protected];tag=12To:
sip: [email protected]:
DNS SRV Query ? iptel.org
#0Reply: IP Address of iptel.org SIP Server
INVITE
sip:[email protected]:
sip:[email protected];tag=12To:
sip: [email protected]
Call-ID: [email protected] #1
#3jir
i
#2
OK 200From:
sip:[email protected];tag=12To:
sip: [email protected];tag=34
Call-ID:
#5K 200From:
sip:[email protected];tag=12To:
sip: [email protected];tag=34
Call-ID:
#6
ACK sip:[email protected]
Media streams #8
SIP Proxy looks up next hops for requests to served users in locationdatabase and forwards the requests there.
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Tekelec Proprietary 24
All-IP Protocol Zoo (Hourglass Model)
UDPSCTPTCP
DNSSIP RADIUS
AALx
GPRS V.xSONETEthernet ATM
PPP
IPv4/IPv6
HTTP RTP STUN
WWW signaling interdomain AAA media NAT
TLS
iLBC, G.711, ...ENUM
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Minimum SIP Setup
Protocols
SIP for signaling
RTP for voiceDNS for finding SIPserver
Database for back-end
services
Boxes
SIP end-devices
PSTN gateways
Database
SIP server
Web-based provisioning
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Tekelec Proprietary 26
For Production Setup Add
CDR processing External authentication and authorization server (RADIUS, HSS)
NTP for accurate CDRs
ICE, STUN and TURN servers for NAT traversal Failover protocols (VRRP, UCARP, )
For mobile environment: signaling compression
Applications: message store, presence server, conferencingserver, ...
SNMP for monitoring
SIP extensions for 911, identity management, SIP-T for PSTNtrunking, REFER for CTI
See draft ietf sip hitchhikers guide for a complete overview of SIP-
related technologies
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sip-hitchhikers-guide-01.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-sip-hitchhikers-guide-01.txt8/3/2019 SIP Tutorial1
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This document is for informational purposes only, and Tekelec reserves the right to change any aspect of the products, features
or functionality described in this document without notice. Please contact Tekelec for additional information and updates.
Interworking with PSTN
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PSTN: What are the Challenges?
If SIP can do it all, why bother with PSTN? Well thereare hundreds of millions of PSTN users.
How do you convert SIP calls to PSTN calls?
Function provided by the PSTN gateways
How do you find the right gateway?
SIP proxy servers with specialized routing logic How do you convey caller ID?
Asserted Identity header fields
How do you convey legacy signaling? DTMF, overlap dialing,
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Call Flow: SIP to PSTN
Request-URI in the INVITEcontains a Telephone Numberwhich is sent to PSTN Gateway.
The Gateway maps the INVITE toa SS7 ISUP IAM (Initial AddressMessage)
183 Session Progress establishes
early media session so caller hearsRing Tone.
Two way Speech path isestablished after ANM (Answer
Message) and 200 OK
Slide courtesy of Alan Johnston, WorldCom.
ISDN/ISUP: RFC 3398
QSIG: RFC 4497
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Example Scenario: SIP Trunking
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3SSR SSR
SSR SSR
Centralized SIProuting table
SIP servers centrally locate termination soft-switches, and assert caller identity.
Softswitches AKA PSTN gateways convert calls from SIP to PSTN and vice versa.
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Next Steps
SIP II: Introduction to SIPProtocol & Procedures (Jun 3rd)
SIP Architecture
SIP Servers, ENUM SIP protocol & message elements
SIP procedures
Follow-up email Webinar slide deck with self-testquestions & resource info
Registration details for SIP II
Visit www.tekelec.com for: SIP II tutorial registration
4-part SIP signaling whitepaper
series
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Q & A
h k f li i
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Thanks for listening!
Jiri Kuthan
AVP, Engineering
SIP Technologies
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]