Slide 1

Six Types of Chemical Reactions

SYNTHESISSynthesis Reaction: Two or more substances combine to form a single substance.

A + B AB

EXAMPLE:C + O2 CO2CarbonOxygenCarbon DioxideC + O2 O2CDECOMPOSITIONDecomposition Reaction: A compound is broken into two or more simpler substances.

AB A + B

EXAMPLE:2H2O 2H2 + O2WaterHydrogenOxygen2H2O O+2H2O2SINGLEREPLACEMENTSingle Replacement: An element takes the place of another element, (of the same type), in a compound.

A + BC B + AC

EXAMPLE:Magnesium Calcium ChlorideCalciumMagnesium ChlorideCl2CaMgMg + CaCl2 Ca + MgCl2+Mg + CaCl2 DOUBLEREPLACEMENTDouble Replacement: Two compounds exchange metal ions to form two new compounds.

AB + CD AD + CB

EXAMPLE:+Potassium Bromide SodiumHydroxide SodiumBromidePotassiumHydroxideKBr NaKBr + NaOH NaBr + KOHOH KBr + NaOH COMBUSTIONCombustion: Burning Reaction in order for something to burn, it must have both a combustible fuel and oxygen

Fuel + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water

Fuel + O2 CO2 + H2O

EXAMPLE:CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2OMethaneOxygenCarbonDioxideWater+CH42H2O2OCH4 + 2O2 O2ACID - BASE

6. Acid-Base: These are specific kinds of Double Replacement reactions.

Acid + Base Salt + Water

HA + BOH AB + HOHSALT

EXAMPLE:HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOHHydrochloric Acid SodiumHydroxideSodiumChlorideWaterHCl + NaOH +NaClHOHSo how do you figure out what type of reaction is taking place?Use the following checklist---

1) Does your reaction have oxygen as one of it's reactants and carbon dioxide and water as products? If yes, then it's a COMBUSTION REACTION

2) Does your reaction have two (or more) chemicals combining to form one chemical? If yes, then it's aSYNTHESIS REACTION 1+1=2

If yes, then it's a3) Does your reaction have one large molecule falling apart to make several small ones?DECOMPOSITION REACTION SINGLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION 4) Does your reaction have any molecules that contain only one element? If yes, then it's a

If yes, then it's an5) Does your reaction have water as one of the products?ACID-BASE REACTION DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION6) If you haven't answered "yes" to any of the questions above, then you've got a List what type the following reactions are: 1) NaOH + KNO3 --> NaNO3 + KOH 2) CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O 3) 2 Fe + 6 NaBr --> 2 FeBr3 + 6 Na 4) CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2 --> Ca(OH)2 + MgSO4 5) NH4OH + HBr --> H2O + NH4Br 6) Pb + O2 --> PbO2 double displacement combustion single displacementdouble displacement acid-base synthesis 8) C10H8 + 12 O2 ---> 10 CO2 + 4 H2O7) Na2CO3 --> Na2O + CO29) 8 Fe + S8 ---> 8 FeS

10) Mg + 2 H2O ---> Mg(OH)2 + H2 11) H2CO3 CO2 + H2O12) HBr + NaOH ---> NaBr + H2Odecompositioncombustion synthesis single displacementacid-base decomposition