Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle GroupsGroups

Ready or not, here we Ready or not, here we go!go!

A. Muscles of Facial A. Muscles of Facial ExpressionExpression

1. Frontalis1. Frontalis A: elevates eyebrowsA: elevates eyebrows O: occipital boneO: occipital bone I: skin of eyebrowI: skin of eyebrow

2. Occipitalis2. Occipitalis A: pulls scalp posteriorA: pulls scalp posterior O: mastoid process of occipital boneO: mastoid process of occipital bone I: galea aponeuroticaI: galea aponeurotica

3. Orbicularis oculi3. Orbicularis oculi A: closes eyelidA: closes eyelid O: frontal & maxillary bonesO: frontal & maxillary bones I: skin around eyelidI: skin around eyelid

4. Orbicularis oris4. Orbicularis oris A: closes lips A: closes lips

Kissing, speakingKissing, speaking O: facia surrounding lipsO: facia surrounding lips I: corners of mouthI: corners of mouth

5. Zygomaticus Major/Minor5. Zygomaticus Major/Minor A: Retracts & elevates corners of mouthA: Retracts & elevates corners of mouth

smilingsmiling O: zygomatic bone O: zygomatic bone I: corner of mouth/upper lipI: corner of mouth/upper lip

6. Buccinator- “kissing muscle”6. Buccinator- “kissing muscle” A: compresses cheeksA: compresses cheeks

Sucking, whistling, blowing Sucking, whistling, blowing O: mandible & maxillary bonesO: mandible & maxillary bones I: orbicularis orisI: orbicularis oris

7. Depressor anguli oris A: Depresses corner of mouth O: Anterolateral surface of mandibular

body I: Skin at corner of mouth

Muscles of Facial Muscles of Facial ExpressionExpression

B. Muscles of B. Muscles of MasticationMastication

1. Masseter- strongest jaw muscle1. Masseter- strongest jaw muscle A: elevates the mandibleA: elevates the mandible

Closes mouthCloses mouth O: zygomatic archO: zygomatic arch I: mandibular ramusI: mandibular ramus

2. Temporalis2. Temporalis A: elevates mandibleA: elevates mandible O: temporal bone O: temporal bone I: coronoid process of mandibleI: coronoid process of mandible

Muscles of MasticationMuscles of Mastication

C. Muscles of the NeckC. Muscles of the Neck1. Platysma1. Platysma

A. Depresses mandible, tenses neckA. Depresses mandible, tenses neck O: Upper thorax between cartilage of 2O: Upper thorax between cartilage of 2ndnd rib rib

& acromion process& acromion process I: Mandible & skin of cheekI: Mandible & skin of cheek

2. Sternocleidomastoid2. Sternocleidomastoid A: flexes head, turns head side to sideA: flexes head, turns head side to side O: clavicle & manubrium O: clavicle & manubrium I: mastoid process of temporal boneI: mastoid process of temporal bone

3. Omohyoid3. Omohyoid A. Depresses hyoid & larynxA. Depresses hyoid & larynx O: Central tendon attaches to clavicle & 1O: Central tendon attaches to clavicle & 1stst rib rib I: 2 bellies:I: 2 bellies:

Superior- hyoid boneSuperior- hyoid bone Inferior- superior margin of scapulaInferior- superior margin of scapula

4. Sternohyoid4. Sternohyoid A: Depresses hyoid & larynxA: Depresses hyoid & larynx O: Clavicle & manubriumO: Clavicle & manubrium I: Hyoid boneI: Hyoid bone

Muscles of the NeckMuscles of the Neck

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Head & Neck MusclesHead & Neck Muscles

D. Muscles of the Pectoral D. Muscles of the Pectoral GirdleGirdle

1. Trapezius1. Trapezius A: extends head & elevates scapulaA: extends head & elevates scapula

Look up & shrugs shouldersLook up & shrugs shoulders O: occipital bone & thoracic & cervical O: occipital bone & thoracic & cervical

vertebraevertebrae I: clavicle & scapulaI: clavicle & scapula

2. Serratus Anterior2. Serratus Anterior A: Abduction, upward rotation, protracts A: Abduction, upward rotation, protracts

shouldershoulder O: Anterior & superior margins of ribs 1-9O: Anterior & superior margins of ribs 1-9 I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapulaI: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

3. Rhomboid Major/Minor3. Rhomboid Major/Minor A: Adduction, downward rotationA: Adduction, downward rotation O: O:

Major: Spinus processes of upper thoracic Major: Spinus processes of upper thoracic vertebravertebra

Minor: Spinus processes of cervical vertebraeMinor: Spinus processes of cervical vertebrae I: Vertebral border of scapulaI: Vertebral border of scapula

4. Pectoralis Minor4. Pectoralis Minor A: elevates ribs (breathing) & depresses A: elevates ribs (breathing) & depresses

shouldersshoulders O: ribs 3-5O: ribs 3-5 I: coracoid process of scapulaI: coracoid process of scapula

E. Muscles of the E. Muscles of the Shoulder & Upper ArmsShoulder & Upper Arms

1. Pectoralis Major1. Pectoralis Major A: adducts & flexes humerus, rotates A: adducts & flexes humerus, rotates

arms mediallyarms medially O: clavicle, sternum, & costal cartilageO: clavicle, sternum, & costal cartilage I: greater tubercle of humerusI: greater tubercle of humerus

2. Deltoid2. Deltoid A: abducts humerusA: abducts humerus O: clavicle & scapulaO: clavicle & scapula I: deltoid tuberosity of humerusI: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

(Rotator Cuff Muscles)(Rotator Cuff Muscles)

3. Supraspinatus3. Supraspinatus A: Abduction, stabilizationA: Abduction, stabilization O: Supraspinous fossa of scapulaO: Supraspinous fossa of scapula I: Greater tubercle of humerusI: Greater tubercle of humerus

4. Infraspinatus 4. Infraspinatus A: Adduction, outward rotationA: Adduction, outward rotation O: Infraspinous fossa of scapulaO: Infraspinous fossa of scapula I: Greater tubercle of humerusI: Greater tubercle of humerus

(Rotator Cuff Muscles)(Rotator Cuff Muscles)

5. Teres Minor5. Teres Minor A: Adduction, outward rotationA: Adduction, outward rotation O: Inferior angle of scapulaO: Inferior angle of scapula I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of

humerushumerus

6. Subscapularis 6. Subscapularis A: Adduction, inward rotationA: Adduction, inward rotation O: Subscapular fossa of scapulaO: Subscapular fossa of scapula I: Lesser tubercle of humerusI: Lesser tubercle of humerus

7. Teres Major7. Teres Major A: Adduct, inward rotation, extensionA: Adduct, inward rotation, extension O: Inferior angle of scapulaO: Inferior angle of scapula I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of I: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of

humerushumerus

8. Latissimus Dorsi8. Latissimus Dorsi A: extends, adducts, & rotates arms A: extends, adducts, & rotates arms

mediallymedially O: spines of T7-sacrum, iliac crest, & ribs O: spines of T7-sacrum, iliac crest, & ribs

9-129-12 I: intertubercular groove of humerusI: intertubercular groove of humerus

9. Biceps Brachii- “two heads”9. Biceps Brachii- “two heads” A: flexes arm @ elbow, supinates forearmA: flexes arm @ elbow, supinates forearm O: scapulaO: scapula I: radial tuberosityI: radial tuberosity

10. Triceps Brachii- “three heads”10. Triceps Brachii- “three heads” A: extends arm (antagonist to biceps A: extends arm (antagonist to biceps

brachii)brachii) O: scapula & humerusO: scapula & humerus I: olecranon process of ulnaI: olecranon process of ulna

11. Coracobrachialis11. Coracobrachialis A: Adduction, flexionA: Adduction, flexion O: Coracoid processO: Coracoid process I: Medial margin of shaft of humerusI: Medial margin of shaft of humerus

F. Muscles of the F. Muscles of the ForearmForearm

1. Brachioradialis1. Brachioradialis A: flexes arm @ elbow, supinates forearmA: flexes arm @ elbow, supinates forearm O: lateral epicondyle of humerusO: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: styloid process of radiusI: styloid process of radius

2. Brachialis2. Brachialis A: FlexionA: Flexion O: Anterior distal surface of the humerusO: Anterior distal surface of the humerus I: Tuberosity of ulnaI: Tuberosity of ulna

(mentioned previously)(mentioned previously)

3. Biceps Brachii3. Biceps Brachii A: Flexion, supinationA: Flexion, supination O: scapulaO: scapula I: radial tuberosityI: radial tuberosity

4. Triceps Brachii4. Triceps Brachii A: extends armA: extends arm O: scapula & humerusO: scapula & humerus I: olecranon process of ulnaI: olecranon process of ulna

G. Muscles of the Hand & G. Muscles of the Hand & WristWrist

1. Flexor Carpi Radialis1. Flexor Carpi Radialis A: Flexion & abducts wrist & handA: Flexion & abducts wrist & hand O: Medial epicondyle of humerusO: Medial epicondyle of humerus I: Base of 2I: Base of 2ndnd & 3 & 3rdrd metacarpals metacarpals

2. Palmaris Longus2. Palmaris Longus A: Flexion of the wrist and handA: Flexion of the wrist and hand O: Medial epicondyle of humerusO: Medial epicondyle of humerus I: Palmar aponerosis & flexor I: Palmar aponerosis & flexor

retinaculumretinaculum

3. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris3. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris A: Flexion & adduction of wrist & handA: Flexion & adduction of wrist & hand O: Medial epicondlye of humerus, medial O: Medial epicondlye of humerus, medial

surface of olecranon, anteromedial part of surface of olecranon, anteromedial part of ulnaulna

I: Pisiform & hamate bones & 5I: Pisiform & hamate bones & 5thth metacarpal metacarpal

4. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus4. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus A: Extension & abduction of wrist & handA: Extension & abduction of wrist & hand O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerusO: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus I: 2I: 2ndnd metacarpal metacarpal

5. Extensor Digitorum5. Extensor Digitorum A: Extension of the fingers & handA: Extension of the fingers & hand O: Lateral epicondyle of humerusO: Lateral epicondyle of humerus I: Posterior surfaces of phalanges 2-5I: Posterior surfaces of phalanges 2-5

6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris6. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris A: Extension & adduction of wrist & handA: Extension & adduction of wrist & hand O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, dorsal O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, dorsal

surface of ulnasurface of ulna I: Base of 5I: Base of 5thth metacarpal metacarpal

Flexors

ExtensorsExtensors

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Shoulder, Arm, Forearm, Shoulder, Arm, Forearm, Wrist & Hand MusclesWrist & Hand Muscles