Slide 1 of 33 International System of Units 3.2. Slide 2 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The International System of Units > Measuring with SI

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International System of Units 3.2

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© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

The International System of Units

> Measuring with SI Units

Bell Work

Which five SI base units do chemists commonly use?

3.2

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>3.2 Measuring with SI Units

The five SI base units commonly used by chemists are the meter, the kilogram, the kelvin, the second, and the mole.

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>3.2 Units and Quantities

Units of Length

Meter

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Common metric units of length include the centimeter, meter, and kilometer.

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Units of Volume

Solid object: cubic meter (m)3

Liquid: Liter (L)

(10 cm 10 cm 10 cm = 1000 cm3 = 1 L).

Or

1 mL = 1 cm3

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Common metric units of volume include the liter, milliliter, cubic centimeter, and microliter.

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Units of Mass

Kilogram

A gram (g) is 1/1000 of a kilogram; the mass of 1 cm3 of water at 4°C is 1 g.

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Common metric units of mass include kilogram, gram, milligram, and microgram.

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Weight is a force that measures the pull on a given mass by gravity.

The astronaut shown on the surface of the moon weighs one sixth of what he weighs on Earth.

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Units of Temperature

Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold an object is.

Thermometers are used to measure temperature.

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Scientists commonly use two equivalent units of temperature, the degree Celsius and the kelvin.

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On the Celsius scale, the freezing point of water is 0°C and the boiling point is 100°C.

On the Kelvin scale, the freezing point of water is 273.15 kelvins (K), and the boiling point is 373.15 K.

The zero point on the Kelvin scale, 0 K, or absolute zero, is equal to 273.15 °C.

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Because one degree on the Celsius scale is equivalent to one kelvin on the Kelvin scale, converting from one temperature to another is easy. You simply add or subtract 273, as shown in the following equations.


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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3.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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3.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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3.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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3.4


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Practice Problems

Problem Solving 3.17 Solve Problem 17 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

for Sample Problem 3.4

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Units of Energy

Energy is the capacity to do work or to produce heat.

The joule and the calorie are common units of energy.

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The joule (J) is the SI unit of energy.

One calorie (cal) is the quantity of heat that raises the temperature of 1 g of pure water by 1°C.


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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

3.2 Section Quiz.

3.2.


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3.2 Section Quiz.

1. Which of the following is not a base SI unit?

a. meter

b. gram

c. second

d. mole


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3.2 Section Quiz.

2. If you measured both the mass and weight of an object on Earth and on the moon, you would find that

a. both the mass and the weight do not change.

b. both the mass and the weight change.

c. the mass remains the same, but the weight changes.

d. the mass changes, but the weight remains the same.


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3.2 Section Quiz.

3. A temperature of 30 degrees Celsius is equivalent to

a. 303 K.

b. 300 K.

c. 243 K.

d. 247 K.

END OF SHOW

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Slide 1 of 33 International System of Units 3.2. Slide 2 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The International System of Units > Measuring with SI