SIMPLE PRESENT

FORMULA

• POSITIVE SENTENCE

S + V-1(-s/-es) + Complement

For examples: Dr. Nick examines Jane every morning. Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen Nurse Mary goes to work on foot. The patients in ward B always exercise every

morning.

FORMULA

• NEGATIVE SENTENCE

S + DO/DOES + NOT + V-1 + Complement

For examples: Dr. Nick doesn’t examine Jane every morning. Water doesn’t consist of hydrogen and oxygen Nurse Mary doesn’t go to work on foot. The patients in ward B don’t always exercise

every morning.

FORMULA

• INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE

DO/DOES + S + V-1 + Complement

For examples: Does Dr. Nick examine Jane every morning? Does water consist of hydrogen and oxygen? Does nurse Mary go to work on foot? Do the patients in ward B always exercise every

morning?

FUNCTIONS

1. GENERAL TRUTH

Most animals kill only for food. A week has 7 days. Human beings have two arms.A man dies without food.

FUNCTIONS

2. HABIT

Nurse Landon always sterilizes the instruments after being used.

Mr. Sandy usually does jogging twice a week. Dr. Bryce always prays before doing an

operation. My sister doesn’t always wash her hands

before eating.

FUNCTIONS

3. Situation that exists right now at the moment of speaking

The old man likes to consume junk food. He has a serious problem with his stomach. But, he doesn’t want to have a surgery.

RULESRULES

Predicate form : Verb-1Predicate form : Verb-1 Auxiliary: Auxiliary: DoDo = for plural subjects (+ I & = for plural subjects (+ I &

you)you) Does = for single subjectDoes = for single subject

The verb-1 must be added with -s/-es if The verb-1 must be added with -s/-es if the subject is single.the subject is single.

No auxiliary is needed in positive No auxiliary is needed in positive sentences. The auxiliary only exists in sentences. The auxiliary only exists in negative and interrogative sentences. If negative and interrogative sentences. If it exists, the main verb should be V-1.it exists, the main verb should be V-1.

RULESRULES

To emphasize the idea of habit, we can To emphasize the idea of habit, we can also use:also use:

- Adverbs of frequency:- Adverbs of frequency:

always, usually, often, sometimes, always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never.seldom, never.

- Time expressions: - Time expressions:

everyday, every morning, every everyday, every morning, every Sunday, every semester, every two Sunday, every semester, every two weeks. weeks.

Identify the SPO and make questions

• The doctor reviews Lauren’s file. • Lauren makes an appointment. • The nurse weighs her and records her

height. • Lauren fills out a form in the admission. • Lauren takes a bus to the clinic. • The doctor takes her blood pressure. • Lauren answers questions about her

lifestyle. • A nursing assistant calls my name. • The doctor examines Lauren.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

FORMULA

• POSITIVE SENTENCE

S + is/am/are + V-ing + Complement

For examples: Dr. Myers is injecting the client now. Nurse Mary is washing the instruments now. The patients in ward B are sleeping right now.

FORMULA

• NEGATIVE SENTENCE

S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + Complement

For examples: Dr. Myers is not injecting the client now. Nurse Mary is not washing the instruments now. The patients in ward B are not sleeping right

now.

FORMULA

• INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE

Is/am/are + S + V-ing + Complement

For examples: Is Dr. Myers injecting the client now. Is Nurse Mary washing the instruments now. Are the patients in ward B sleeping right now.

FUNCTIONS

1. An activity that is in progress right now (at the moment of speaking)

We are studying English right now. The students are listening to the lecturer’s

explanation now. I am standing in front of the class now.The clock is ticking right now.

FUNCTIONS

2. An activity that is usually in progress at a certain point of time.

The doctor is writing a book about brain injury this year .

The student are taking dancing and singing courses this semester

I am learning Italian this month.

RULESRULES

Predicate form : Verb-ingPredicate form : Verb-ing Auxiliary: Auxiliary:

isis = for single subject= for single subject

amam = only for I= only for I

are = for plural subjects and youare = for plural subjects and you The auxiliaries (is/am/are) are needed in all The auxiliaries (is/am/are) are needed in all

kinds of sentences to precede the V-ing.kinds of sentences to precede the V-ing. The time expressions are: now, right now, The time expressions are: now, right now,

at this moment. at this moment.

Simple Present or Present Continuous?1. Every Monday, Sally (drive) her kids to football practice.2. Usually, I (work) as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I

(study) French at a language school in Paris. That is why I am in Paris.

3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep). 4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It (rain). 5. I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always). 6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say) because everybody (talk)

so loudly. 7. Justin (write, currently) a book about his adventures in Tibet. I

hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished. 8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?

Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go) to a movie tonight with some friends.

9. The business cards (be, normally ) printed by a company in New York. Their prices (be) inexpensive, yet the quality of their work is quite good.

10. This delicious chocolate (be) made by a small chocolatier in Zurich, Switzerland.

MEDICAL VOCABULARY (VERBS) Mengkonsultasikan Mengobservasi Memeriksa Mengecek; memeriksa Mendiagnosis Menyuntik Meresepkan Merawat Menyiapkan Mensterilkan Mendisinfeksi Menyingkirkan; membuang Mengumpulkan Merapikan

Consult Observe Examine Check Diagnose Inject Prescribe Take care of Prepare Sterilize Disinfect Remove Collect Tidy up

THANKSFOR YOUR ATTENTION

PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT