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Potential inundation in mangrove
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MONITORING OF SOIL SURFACE ELEVATION
DYNAMICSIN MANGROVE WETLANDS
IN RESPONSE TO SEA LEVEL RISE IN INDONESIA
Frida SidikHanggar PrasetioNuryani WidagtiCatherine Lovelock
Regional Conferences“Increasing the Resilience of Mangrove - Aquaculture Socio-Ecological Systems in Southeast 17 – 20 February 2014 BOGOR
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OUTLINE:
Balai Penelitian & Observasi LautKementerian Kelautan & perikanan
INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES LOCATION METHOD CONCLUSION FUTURE WORKS
INTODUCTION• Indonesia coastline : 95.181
km, • highest rank of world's
mangrove rich countries, covering 22.6% of global total mangroves (Giri et al., 2010)
• 3.7 million ha of mangrove forests and 5.5 million ha mangrove plantation areas, with 35 mangrove species (MMAF, 2004).
• As coastal wetlands, mangroves are threatened by SLR (Mcleod et al., 2010)
• Mangrove can adapt concerning SLR if elevation change rate > SLR rate
Mangrove Forest
To understand mangrove ecosystem
adaptation to projected SLR
Monitoring 02
Balai Penelitian & Observasi LautKementerian Kelautan & perikanan
Sea level rise vulnerability
Source: Mcleod et al., 2010 03
Balai Penelitian & Observasi LautKementerian Kelautan & perikanan
(Source: Lovelock and Ellison, 2007)
Mangroves have to maintain positive surface elevation change equivalent to or exceeding the rates of SLR.The factors influencing soil elevation : auto compaction, decomposition of organic matter, root growth, water storage in sediments (shrink-swell) and tidal flooding
How mangroves can adapt ?
(Source: Cahoon et al., 2006) 04
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OBJECTIVES
1. To investigate the capacity of mangrove wetlands to keep pace with projected sea level rise
2. To determine the factors controlling the processes
Balai Penelitian & Observasi LautKementerian Kelautan & perikanan
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MANGROVE FOREST – Perancak around IMRO building, Budeng, Jembrana, Bali
LOCATION
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Balai Penelitian & Observasi LautKementerian Kelautan & perikanan
MANGROVE
SEA LEVELRISE
VerticalAccretion
ElevationChange
Treegrowth
RSET-MH, root bags,Dendrometer bands
MANGROVE WETLAND ADAPTATIONIN RESPONSE TO SEA LEVEL RISE
METHOD
Rootgrowth
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DATAData needed Sampling
MethodInformation
Insitu data:
Geomorphology (elevasion, vertical accretion)
RSET – MH, every 2 month in 2 years
Elevation and vertical accretion dynamics
Tree diameter increment
Dendrometer band, every 2 month
Tree growth
Root biomass growth
in-growth root bags Root production
Measurement is designed as we are focusing on the importance of sedimentation and root growth
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SAMPLING SITE
6 RSET stations (18 RSETs in total):
• 3 RSETs in 3 stations in natural mangrove forests
• 3 RSETs in 3 stations in abandoned shrimp ponds restored mangroves
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MEASUREMENT (ELEVATION CHANGE)
The surface elevation change is a change in elevation relative to a subsurface datum (in this study 4-10m deep)
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MEASUREMENT (VERTICAL ACREATION)
?cm
Vertical accretion is dimension of soil development determined from a marker horizon(sediment supply & biological matter)
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MEASUREMENT (DENDROMETER BAND)
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MEASUREMENT (ROOT GROWTH)
The contribution of biotic processes to elevation change or vertical accretion through root production.
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CONCLUSION Over two years of observation, rate of surface elevation change (0.7
cm/year) exceeded the current SLR rate (0.3 cm/year) mangroves can keep pace with SLR
Soil surface elevation in restored mangroves increased over time at a comparable rate as in natural forests. This finding shows the recovery of restored mangrove ecosystems in response to accelerating sea level rise through maintenance of soil surface elevation.
Hydrological (seasonal pattern) and biological processes (root production) are important factors controlling elevation.
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FUTURE WORKS Digital elevation mapping using remote sensing Measurement of Relative Positioning control points Modeling the impact of projected SLR in the wetland using SLAMM (Sea
Level Affecting Marshes Model)
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15Sources:Clough & Larson, 2010; CGIAR, 2010
THANK YOUMATUR SUKSEMAMore information bpol.litbang.kkp.go.id