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How to cite this article Nayak G, Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, and Jana S. Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated

Zinc Powder. SM J Public Health Epidemiol. 2019; 5(1): 1056.

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ISSN: 2473-0661

IntroductionZinc (Zn) is an essential mineral and the second most abundant transition metal ion in the human

body, which plays different roles in several biological processes [1]. It exists in the body muscle, skin, kidney, liver, retina, prostate, pancreas, bone, and predominantly in the red and white blood cells. Zinc is one of the important components of more than 100 metalo-enzymes (i.e., carboxypeptidase, carbonic anhydrase, etc.) and the proteins (i.e., metallothioneins), serves as structural ions in transcription factors, nucleic acid, and protein metabolism, coordinate amino acid chains, etc. [2-5]. Zinc also helps in the prenatal and postnatal development, fertility enhancement, protect the retina, modulate immune, protect from oxidation, and putative antiviral in the body [1,4,6]. It prevents the progress of many insufficiency disorders, i.e., anorexia, parakeratosis, hypogeusia, dysosmia, hypogonadism, geophagia, retardation of growth, Wilson’s disease, etc. [7-10]. Zinc reported with increase leukocyte count while taking in combination with the Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) [11]. Naturally, zinc is available from the food source like meat, fish, eggs, milk, wheat (germ and bran), poppy seeds, sesame seeds, alfalfa, beans, nuts, mustard, celery, almonds, grains, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, and blackcurrant [12, 13]. Insufficient dietary intake, malabsorption, along with chronic liver and renal disease, malignancy, sickle cell disease, diabetes, and other chronic illnesses, may cause a deficiency of zinc in the body [14]. It is used in topical skin cosmetics, mouthwash, shampoo, etc. Metal industries are used for galvanization, preparations of alloys, anti-corrosion agent, chemical reactions, etc. [15]. Excess of zinc can be harmful in the body [16]. It is soluble in acids and alkalies; while insoluble in water [17].

A pharmaceutical or nutraceutical compound always influenced by its physicochemical properties for its dissolution, absorption, and bioavailability in the physiological system [18]. Globally scientists are working for the improvement of the bioavailability of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds. Similarly, the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment (the Trivedi Effect®) was scientifically proved to have a substantial impact on the physicochemical properties and bioavailability of the pharmaceutical/nutraceutical compounds [19-22]. The Trivedi Effect® is the only scientifically proven natural phenomenon in which an expert individual can harness this

Research Article

Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Zinc PowderGopal Nayak1, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi1, Alice Branton1, Dahryn Trivedi1, and Snehasis Jana2*

1Trivedi Global, Inc., USA2Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., India

Article Information

Received date: Oct 14, 2019 Accepted date: Nov 01, 2019 Published date: Nov 04, 2019

*Corresponding author(s)

Snehasis Jana, Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Thane (W), Maharashtra, India

Tel: +91- 022-25811234

Email: publication@trivedieffect.com

Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0

Keywords Zinc; Consciousness energy healing treatment; The Trivedi Effect®; Complementary and alternative medicine; PXRD; Particle size; TGA/DTG

Abstract

Zinc is an essential mineral in the human body, which plays different roles in numerous biological functions. In this study, the influence of the Trivedi Effect® on the physicochemical and thermal properties of zinc was evaluated using modern analytical techniques. The zinc powder sample was divided and categorized into control and treated parts. The control part did not receive the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment, while the treated part received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a well-known Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak. The powder XRD peak intensities of the treated zinc powder altered ranging from -34.54% to 30.32% compared to the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the treated zinc were significantly altered ranging from -23.46% to 2.28% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the treated zinc powder (698.57 nm) was significantly decreased by 10.41% compared with the control sample (779.71 nm). The particle size values in the treated zinc powder were significantly altered by -6.89% (d10), -5.36% (d50), 1.02% (d90), and -2.1% {D(4,3)} compared to the control sample. Therefore, the specific surface area of the treated zinc powder (0.52 m2/g) was significantly increased by 5.02% compared with the control sample (0.5 m2/g). The Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might have generated a new polymorphic form of zinc, which would be more soluble and bioavailable compared with the untreated sample. The Trivedi Effect Treated zinc would be very useful to design better nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic response against anorexia, parakeratosis, geophagia, hypogeusia, dysosmia, hypogonadism, growth retardation, etc. Other than this, the treated zinc powder could be beneficial for the enhancement of fertility, prenatal and postnatal development, retino-protective, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and putative antiviral activity in the body.

Citation: Nayak G, Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, and Jana S. Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Zinc Powder. SM J Public Health Epidemiol. 2019; 5(1): 1056. Page 2/5

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inherently intelligent energy from the “Universe” and transmit it anywhere on the planet through the possible mediation of neutrinos [23]. The “Biofield” is a unique energy field that exists surrounding the body, which is an infinite and para-dimensional electromagnetic field. The “Biofield” based Energy Healing Therapies have been reported significant outcomes against various disease conditions [24]. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) recommend and included the Energy therapy under Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) category along with homeopathy, Ayurvedic medicine, traditional Chinese medicines, hypnotherapy, Reiki, acupuncture, acupressure, meditation, yoga, Qi Gong, Tai Chi, chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation, massage, relaxation techniques, movement therapy, pilates, Rolfing, cranial-sacral therapy, aromatherapy, etc. These CAM therapies have a lot of advantages and adopted by the USA people [25,26]. The Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment (Trivedi Effect®) also been widely reported with scientifically proved experimental data altering the characteristic properties of the several living and non-living object(s), i.e. organic compounds [27,28], ceramics, metals, and polymers [29-31], crops [32,33], microorganisms [34,35], and cancer cell line [36,37]. In this study, the influence of the Trivedi Effect® on the physicochemical properties of zinc was evaluated using modern analytical techniques.

Maerials and MethodsChemicals and Reagents

The test sample zinc powder was procured from Sigma Aldrich (USA), and sunflower oil used during the experiments was purchased in India.

Consciousness energy healing treatment strategies

The test sample zinc powder was divided into two parts and categorized in to control and the Biofield Energy Treated sample. The treated sample received the Trivedi Effect®- Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely under standard laboratory conditions for 3 minutes by the well-known Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak, India. Whereas the control zinc powder sample did not receive the Biofield Energy Treatment, but the control sample was treated with a “sham” healer who did not have any knowledge about the Biofield

Energy Treatment. Finally, both the samples were kept in sealed conditions and characterized using modern analytical techniques.

Characterization

Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) Analysis: The powder XRD analysis of zinc metal powder was performed with the help of the Rigaku MiniFlex-II Desktop X-ray diffractometer (Japan) [38,39]. The average size of individual crystallites was calculated from XRD data using the Scherrer’s formula (1)

G = kλ/βcosθ

Where k is the equipment constant, G is the crystallite size in nm, λ is the radiation wavelength, β is the full-width at half maximum, and θ is the Bragg angle [40].

The % change in crystallite size (G) of zinc was calculated using the following equation 2:

Entry No.Bragg angle (°2θ) Peak Intensity (%) Crystallite size (G, nm)

Control Treated Control Treated % Change Control Treated % Change

1 36.55 36.51 405 414 2.22 729 558 -23.46

2 39.27 39.22 286 293 2.45 765 604 -21.05

3 43.5 43.44 1266 1164 -8.06 714 668 -6.44

4 54.57 54.52 224 229 2.23 809 707 -12.61

5 70.26 70.23 221 288 30.32 790 808 2.28

6 70.85 70.81 144 136 -5.56 835 830 -0.6

7 77.19 77.18 30.4 19.9 -34.54 816 715 -12.38

8 Average crystallite size 779.71 698.57 -10.41

Table 1: PXRD data for the control and Biofield Energy Treated zinc.

Treated Control

Control

[ ]% Change in crystallite size= 100G G XG

−(2)

(1)

Where GControl and GTreated are the crystallite size of the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples, respectively.

Particle Size Analysis (PSA): The particle size analysis of zinc powder was conducted with the help of Malvern Mastersizer 2000, the UK using the wet method [41,42]. The PSA analysis of zinc was performed to obtain the average particle size distribution. Where, d(0.1) μm, d(0.5) μm, d(0.9) μm represent particle diameter corresponding to 10%, 50%, and 90% of the cumulative distribution. D(4,3) represents the average mass-volume diameter, and SSA is the specific surface area (m2/g). The calculations were done by using software Mastersizer Ver. 5.54.

The % change in particle size (d) for zinc powder was calculated using the following equation 3:

Treated Control

Control

[ ]% Change in particle size= 100d d Xd

−(3)

Where dControl and dTreated are the particle size (μm) for at below 10% level (d10), 50% level (d50), and 90% level (d90) of the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples, respectively.

Citation: Nayak G, Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, and Jana S. Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Zinc Powder. SM J Public Health Epidemiol. 2019; 5(1): 1056. Page 3/5

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The % change in surface area (S) was calculated using the following equation 4:

the drug performance, such as bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and toxicity, because of their physicochemical properties are different from the original form [46,47]. Therefore, it can be anticipated that the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treated zinc would be more advantageous in the industrial application point of view.

Particle Size Analysis (PSA)

The particle size analysis data of both the control and Biofield Energy Treated sample were presented in Table 2. The particle size values of the control zinc powder at d10, d50, d90, and D(4,3) were 6.82 µm, 14.83 µm, 34.65 µm, and 18.15 µm, respectively. Similarly, the particle sizes of the treated zinc at d10, d50, d90, and D(4,3) were 6.35 µm, 14.04 µm, 35.01 µm, and 17.77 µm, respectively. Thus, the particle size values in the Biofield Energy Treated zinc were altered by -6.89% (d10), -5.36% (d50), 1.02% (d90), and -2.1% {D(4,3)} compared to the control sample. The specific surface area (SSA) of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc powder (0.52 m2/g) was significantly increased by 5.02% compared with the control sample (0.5 m2/g). The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might be acting like an external force, which was responsible for reducing the particle size, hence increased the surface area of zinc. Reducing the particle size increases the surface area and improve the solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability in the physiological system of the pharmaceutical compounds [18,48]. Zinc is insoluble in water [17]. Thus, it is assumed that the Biofield

Figure 1: PXRD diffractograms of the control and Biofield Energy Treated zinc.

to 43.5° and 43.44°, respectively (Table 1, entry 3). The peak intensities of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc were significantly altered ranging from -34.54% to 30.32% compared to the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc were significantly altered ranging from -23.46% to 2.28% compared to the control sample. Overall, the average crystallite size of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc metal powder (698.57 nm) was significantly decreased by 10.41% compared with the control sample (779.71 nm).

The variations observed in the crystallite sizes and peak intensities of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc indicated the alteration of the crystal morphology compared to the control sample. The changes in the crystal morphology of the crystalline compound responsible for the change in the peak intensity of each diffraction face [43] and alterations in the powder XRD pattern provide the proof of polymorphic transitions [44,45]. The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might have produced the new polymorphic form of zinc through the Biofield Energy via neutrino oscillation [23]. Different polymorphic forms of pharmaceutical compounds have the significant effects on

Parameter d10 (µm) d50 (µm) d90 (µm) D(4,3) (µm) SSA (m2/g)

Control 6.82 14.83 34.65 18.15 0.5

Biofield Treated 6.35 14.04 35.01 17.77 0.52

Percent change (%) -6.89 -5.36 1.02 -2.1 5.02

Table 2: The particle size distribution of the control and Biofield Energy Treated zinc.

Energy Treated zinc might offer better bioavailability compared with the untreated sample.

Conclusions

The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment showed a significant impact on the crystallite and particle properties of zinc powder. The powder XRD peak intensities of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc powder altered ranging from -34.54% to 30.32% compared to the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the treated zinc were significantly altered ranging from -23.46% to 2.28% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the Biofield Energy Treated zinc metal powder was significantly decreased by 10.41% compared with the control sample. The particle size values in the Biofield Energy Treated zinc powder were significantly altered by -6.89% (d10), -5.36% (d50), 1.02% (d90), and -2.1% {D(4,3)} compared to the control sample. Therefore, the specific surface area of the treated zinc powder was significantly increased by 5.02% compared with the control sample. Thus, the results concluded that the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might have generated a new polymorphic form of zinc, which may show more soluble and bioavailable compared with the untreated

Treated Control

Control

[ ]% Change in surface area= 100S S XS

−(4)

Where SControl and STreated are the surface area of the control and Biofield Energy Treated zinc, respectively.

Results and Discussion

Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) Analysis

The powder XRD diffractograms of both the samples showed sharp and intense peaks (Figure 1) indicated that the samples were crystalline in nature. The diffractograms of the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples showed the highest peak intensity at 2θ equal

d10, d50, and d90: particle diameter corresponding to 10%, 50%, and 90% of the cumulative distribution, D(4,3): the average mass-volume diameter, and SSA: the specific surface area.

Citation: Nayak G, Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, and Jana S. Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Zinc Powder. SM J Public Health Epidemiol. 2019; 5(1): 1056. Page 4/5

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sample. The Trivedi Effect Treated zinc would be more efficacious nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic response against hypogeusia, dysosmia, parakeratosis, anorexia, geophagia, hypogonadism, growth retardation, Wilson’s disease, etc. Besides, the Biofield Energy Treated zinc powder could be beneficial for the enhancement of fertility, prenatal and postnatal development, antioxidant, retino-protective, immunomodulatory, and putative antiviral activity in the body.

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Central Leather Research Institute, SIPRA Lab. Ltd., Trivedi Science, Trivedi Global, Inc., and Trivedi Master Wellness for their assistance and support during this work.

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Citation: Nayak G, Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, and Jana S. Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Particle Size Analysis (PSA) of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Zinc Powder. SM J Public Health Epidemiol. 2019; 5(1): 1056. Page 5/5

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