SMK 4542 - Ship Structures - Introduction Note

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SHIP

STRUCTURE

WHAT ?

WHY ?

HOW ?

1. Definition

2. Types

3. Regions

4. Components

5. Rules & Regulations

1. Importance

2. Correct Design Process

3. Cost Effectiveness

1. Methods

2. Use Rules & Regulations

3. Calculate Scantling

4. Select Size

5. Evaluate Strength

Yahya Samian, Department of Marine Technology, FKM, UTM - August 2008

WHO ?

1. Designers / Consultant

2. Shipbuilders

3. Classification Society

4. Ship Owners


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WHAT ? :BasicDefinition


Th e S k in a n d S k e le ton (bon es) of a sh ip th at en a ble th e

ship to per forms i t s f unc t ion safely throughout it life

s p a n .

Ma in ly con sists ofp l a t e s a n d s t i f f en i n g m e m b er s

Hol low girders tha t made of t h i n p l a t e a r o u n d i t s

s k i n , strengthened by combination of longitudinal and

transverse s t i f f e n i n g m e m b e r s that contr ibutes to the

longitu din al an d local stren gth of th e sh ip.


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WHY ? :Importance


1. For th e i n t e g r i t y of th e s h ip

2 . Provide p l a t f o rm a n d s p a c e for sh ip t o

deliver its function

3 . S t r en g t h , s a f e t y a n d s e a w o r t h i n e s s of th e

ship


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HOW ? :DesignMethods


1 . Firs t Pr in c ip les - Us es Tediou s Calcu la tion of

loadin g an d Stren gth An a lys is

2 . Em p i r i ca l Da ta - Previou s Proven Design

3 . Mix ed o f Bot h - Com bina tion of Em pirical

Data (for Stru ctu ra l Scan tlin g) a n d Firs t

Prin ciples (for Stren gth As s ess m en t)

4 . R u l e of T h u m b - Pu rely from exper ien ce


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Who ? :Responsibilities


1 . Designers - To en su re design m et th e designrequirements and cost effectiveness.

2 . Bui lders - Con st ru c tin g th e s t ru c tu res

according to the design specification and details

with in th e t im e fra m e.

3 . C l a s s i f i c a t i o n S o c i e t y - Approving Design /

Plan and Monitoring the quality of the

con st ru ction p rocess . Th ird Par ty.

4 . O w n e r - Res pon s ible for th e pa ym en ts


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What - Ship Struc tures Types

Ship Structures & Strength - Yahya Samian, Department of Marine Technology, FKM, UTM - August 2008

PLATING

Fe a t u r e s :Th in p la te th a t m ade u p th e outer sk in (envelope) an d in te rna lpar t i t ions of the sh ip h u ll an d su pers t ru c tures . Var iou s th ickness

depen ding on th e plate locat ion an d load in g. Plates to be s t ren gthened

(st iffen ed) by th e st iffen in g mem bers . It ca n be flat or cu rved depen ding

on th e sh ape of the h u ll o r par t i t ions .

Fu n c t i on s :Provide water t ight hul l and compartments , Support ingIn tern al an d extern al load, con tribu tes to overall (longitud in al) an d local

s t rength of the s h ips .

E x a m p l e s :Keel plate, Bottom Plate, Bilge Plate, Side Plate, Sheer Plate,Deck Plate , Bu lkh eads , Floors , Su perst r u ctu res Walls a n d Floors .


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SECTIONS

Fe a t u r e s :Beam type s t ru ctu res th at m ad e of from different s h ap e of cross sections su ch as Tee, In verted L (an gle), Bu lb, I , Top Ha t, Sem i-

Circle, etc. Attached either longitudinally, transversely, vertically or

h orizon ta lly to (st iffen ed) th e sh ip p lat e. Th e sections ar e eith er b u ilt in

from t h e steel mills or pr efab ricated in th e sh ipyar d b efore welded t o the

plates .

Fu n c t i on s :Stren gthening th e sh ip p lates to provide lon gitu dinal an d localstrength. I ts also provide the plates stabil i ty.

E x a m p l e s :Bottoms Longitudinals, Side longitudinals, DeckLongitu dina ls , Web / Tran sverse Fram es , Deck Beam / Girders ,

Bu lkh ead s t i ffeners / Girders , Wall St i ffeners / Girders , e tc .


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SOLID

Fe a t u r e s :Solid s t r u ctu res th at a re norm al ly cons tru cted ver t ical ly

u nd ernea th the deck or heavy load . These s t ru c tures m ay ha ve c ircu lar

or rectan gular cross s ect ion

Fu n c t i on s :To su pport h eavy an d concentra ted loadE x a m p l e s :Pillars , Floor Str u ts , Sta n chion s

BRACKETFe a t u r e s :Trian gular l ike plate with ed ge flan ge, cons tru cted

u n dernea th a h eavy beam or g irders .

Fu n c t i on s :To provide extra s u pport a t th e join t where h igher ben dingmom ent could occur du e to long beam.

E x a m p l e s :Deck Beam Brackets .OTHERS

Other types of s t ru ctu res th at m ay serve sp ecial ized fu n ct ion.


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What - Ship Struc tures Regions


HULL

Midship

After / Stern

Forward /

Stem


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MIDSHIP REGION


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MIDSHIP REGION


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STEM REGION


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STEM REGION


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STERN REGION


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What - Ship Struc tures Components



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SMK 4542 - Ship Structures - Introduction Note