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SMP - LE 2013 notes
The Cell and it’s Parts!The Cell and it’s Parts!
Boy! What a little cell can do!Boy! What a little cell can do!
http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/
SMP - LE 2013 notes
SMB - LE 2011 notes
IMAGES of Cells:IMAGES of Cells:
Root cell
Red Blood cell
Plant Cell Nerve Cell
Skin Cell
SMP - LE 2013 notes
Why study cells?Why study cells?Cells Tissues Organs organ
systems organism◦bodies are made up of cells◦cells do all the work of life!
SMB - LE 2011 notes
Multicellular OrganizationMulticellular Organization
Organ Systems (Digestive System)
Organ (Stomach)
Tissue (Smooth muscle Tissue)
Specialized cells (Muscle cell)
Muscle cell Smooth muscle Tissue Stomach Digestive System
Muscle cell Smooth muscle tissue Stomach Digestive system
Section 7- 4
Levels of Organization
Go to Section:
SMP - LE 2013 notes
The Cell TheoryThe Cell Theory
1.1. All living things are All living things are composed of composed of cellscells
2.2. Cells are the Cells are the basic basic unitsunits of of structure structure and and functionfunction in in living thingsliving things
3.3. NewNew cells are cells are produced from produced from existingexisting cells cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes
Prokaryotes vs. EukaryotesProkaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
ProkaryotesProkaryotesHave Have cell cell
membranemembraneHave cytoplasmHave cytoplasmDNA is DNA is free free
floating in floating in cytoplasmcytoplasm◦NO NO NUCLEUSNUCLEUS
Bacteria!Bacteria!
EukaryotesEukaryotesHave cell Have cell
membranemembraneHave Have cytoplasmcytoplasmDNA is containedDNA is contained
◦IN IN NUCLEUSNUCLEUSHave Have organellesorganelles
◦Specialized Specialized structures with structures with specific functionsspecific functions
SMP - LE 2013 notes
Cells have 3 Main JobsCells have 3 Main Jobs1. Making energy to fuel daily life
& growth, the cell must… take in nutrients, oxygen (O2) make ATP remove waste (carbon dioxide)
ATP
SMP - LE 2013 notes
Our organellesdo all these
jobs!
2. Make proteins• proteins do all the work in a cell, so we need lots of them
3. Make more cells• for growth• to replace damaged or diseased cells
Typical Animal Cell Textbook pg 174
Cell videos for reviewCell videos for review
Cell organelle song recap (3:10)•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg
Cell review Lesson• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4L_QO4WKtM
Cell Rap song•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8
SMP - LE 2013 notes
CELL ORGANELLESCELL ORGANELLESTiny membrane-bound structures that
perform special functions inside the cell
SMP - LE 2013 notes
•VIDEO: http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cellstructures/
SMP - LE 2013 notes
1. Cell Membrane:
◦Functions:Semi – permeable (selective)Regulates what enters and leaves the cellReceives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs)
◦Found in: All cells
2. Cytoplasm:
◦Function: OVER 80% water Site of chemical reactions Contained by cell membrane
◦Found in: All cells
3. Cell Wall
◦Function: Provides support Surrounds cell membrane
◦Found in: Plants and Fungi
SMP - LE 2013 notes
4. Nucleus4. Nucleus◦Function:Function:
ContainsContains DNA DNA (chromatin)(chromatin)
““Control centerControl center” of cell” of cell
5. Nuclear membrane-5. Nuclear membrane-Surrounded the nucleus Surrounded the nucleus
6. Nucleolus:6. Nucleolus:◦CenterCenter of nucleus of nucleus◦Site of Site of ribosomeribosome synthesissynthesis
◦All Found in:All Found in: All All eukaryotic eukaryotic cellscells
nucleolus
Nuclear membrane
SMP - LE 2013 notes
7. Ribosomes 7. Ribosomes (the protein makers)
◦Function:Function: Site of Site of protein synthesisprotein synthesis ““Little dots”Little dots”
◦Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells
8. Endoplasmic 8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Reticulum (ER)
◦Function:Function: Assembly Assembly of cell parts and of cell parts and
transporttransport ““SmoothSmooth” has no ribosomes” has no ribosomes ““RoughRough” has ribosomes on ” has ribosomes on
surfacesurface◦Found in:Found in:
All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes
9. Golgi Apparatus 9. Golgi Apparatus (The “Post Office” of the cell)
◦Function:Function: Proteins areProteins are packaged packaged and and
shipped shipped herehere◦Found in:Found in:
All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells
10. Lysosomes 10. Lysosomes (Clean-up Crew)
◦Function:Function: Contain Contain enzymesenzymes that that break break
downdown things things◦Found in:Found in:
Heterotrophic Heterotrophic cellscells
SMP - LE 2013 notes
11. Mitochondria11. Mitochondria◦FunctionFunction::
Site of Site of cellular respirationcellular respiration◦Releasing Releasing energy (ATP) energy (ATP) from from
foodfood ““PowerhousePowerhouse” of the cell” of the cell
◦Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells
12. Vacuole (S12. Vacuole (Storage tanks)◦Function:Function:
Empty space used for Empty space used for storagestorage Much Much LARGERLARGER in plant cells… in plant cells…
WHY?WHY?◦Need to storeNeed to store water water and and starchstarch
◦Found in:Found in: All eukaryotic cellsAll eukaryotic cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes
13. Chloroplast13. Chloroplast◦Function:Function:
Site of Site of photosynthesisphotosynthesis Uses sun’s energy and Uses sun’s energy and water to make food water to make food ((glucoseglucose)!)!
Chloroplast contain the pigment CHLOROPHYLL which makes most plants appear GREEN!!
◦Found in:Found in: AutotrophsAutotrophs ( (PlantPlant cells, cells, and and somesome ProtistsProtists))
14. centrioles14. centrioles
Cell divisionFound only in animal cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes
CELL STRUCTURECELL STRUCTURE
SMP - LE 2013 notes
Let’s compare Animal and Plant cellsLet’s compare Animal and Plant cells
Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm,Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, ER, Golgi
• Lysosomes• Small Vacuoles• Centrioles• Round shape
• Cell Wall• Chloroplasts• Large Vacuole• Rectangular shape
Write in your science journalWrite in your science journal::
Let’s compare unicellular to Let’s compare unicellular to multicellular organisms!multicellular organisms!
UnicellularUnicellularNucleusNucleusCell MembraneCell MembraneLysosomeLysosome
MulticellularMulticellularNervous systemNervous systemSkin; Respiratory Skin; Respiratory Digestive systemDigestive system
Vacuoles in One celled Vacuoles in One celled OrganismsOrganisms
Crucial in maintaining homeostasis ◦Food Vacuole
Stores and digests food
◦Contractile vacuole Pumps excess water from cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes
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