SO YOU WANT TO BE A TEACHER

An overview of schooling in America

By: Amanda Cooper, Colby Bowman, Theodore Baer

Social Capital and how it relates to education

• In the context of education, social capital is in the form of what the parental expectations, obligations, and social networks that do exist within the family, the school, and the community.

• Also, the disciplinary standards the school holds for all students.• Academic requirements the school expects of their students.• Cultural norms and values that the school has to better support the students and all the different diversities.

A quote from the text Old Deluder Satan Law“It being one chief point of that old deluder, Satan, to keep men from the knowledge of Scriptures, as in former times, by keeping them in an unknown tongue, so in these latter times, by persuading them from the use of tongues that so at last the true sense and meaning of the original might be clouded by false glosses of saint-seeming deceivers, that learning might not be buried in the graves of our fathers, in church and commonwealth, the Lord assisting our endeavours…”

• The purpose of the 1647 Old Deluder Satan Act was because people were ignorant and the way to fix this or change it was to educate the ignorance out of them.

• Established the first schools that promoted secular knowledge.• Important shift for people in America as well, that use to resent knowledge and

reasoning to thriving in it.

• The Separation of Church and State basically comes

Down to Public Schools not being able to recognize or

encourage one particular religion.

• The Faculty of public schools are required to allow personal

acts of religious faith.

• In the end the U.S. Supreme Court will h

ave the final word

in resolving any matters that involve the Constitution.

• A tradition that started back in 2000 was brought to the attention of The Supreme Court on May 20, 2013. Is that two High Schools in Brookfield, Wisconsin were holding their graduation ceremonies in the Sanctuary of Elmbrook Church which is an evangelical congregation.

• Nine people which consist of former and current students and their families did not feel comfortable with the religious symbolism and significance of the church itself.

• The district stopped using the Church for their graduation ceremonies.

Separation of

Church & State

Issues still today!

JUNIOR HIGH VS. MIDDLE SCHOOL

• Subject-centered

• Emphasis is on cognitive development

• Organizes teachers in subject-based departments

• Traditional instruction dominates

• Six to eight class periods per day

• Provides academic classes

• Offers study hall and/or homeroom

• Classrooms arranged randomly or by subject or grade level

• Student-oriented

• Emphasis is on both cognitive and affective development

• Organizes teachers and students in interdisciplinary teams

• Experiential approaches to instruction

• Allows for block and flexible scheduling

• Provides exploratory, academic, and nonacademic classes

• Offers advisor/advisee, teacher/student opportunities

• Team classrooms in close proximity

They let the numbers and research do the talking…

Talking points: Talk about the graph and what they are looking at.

Catherine Beecher

Booker T. Washington

Two people helped contribute to education as teachers, Catherine Beecher

and Booker T. Washington.

Mrs. Beecher helped to open a all female school, Hartford Female Seminary

Believed that the natural advancement of a females role in a

society was, becoming a teacher.

Mr. Washington was the first head of the colored schools.

Strived to have African American teachers become self-reliant.

Wanted African Americans to acquire practical vocational skills.

Where are the Black Male Teachers?

• According to Donald G. Nicolas of Education Week, “I have heard assertions that more must be done to increase the number of black educators.” (2014).

• Black folks make up the jobs of “custodians, food-service employees and, transportation workers.” (Nicolas 2014).

• They make up only two percent of our country's teachers.

• In 2011-12 82 percent of teachers were white.

• How can we change this as educators?

Inclusion We want to educate students with Disabilities in regular classroomsWith non-disabled students.

Three Types of Inclusion.

Full Inclusion: Student is placed within a

classroom with other nondisabled students.

Partial Inclusion: When students with

disabilities are placed within the classroom for some of the day and not fully integrated. Self-contained:

Are just for studetns with disabilities with little to no interaction with the outside.

• Maxine Greene and Hohn Dewey valued the arts.

• Both believed students need to learn practical techniques.

• Did not think a teacher should be an overbearing dictator.

• Sought out to expand the horizons of expression such as:

COLONIAL PERIOD

• Latin Grammar Schools

• The more north you were the better the education.

• Hardly any schools in the south. Most were taught by tutors.

• The north had many schools; however, most were religious.

• If you were not male, white, and rich your education was crippled.

• Most females did basic school work, then went home and tended to their chores.

• African American had little to no schooling.

o A public tax-supported elementary school.

o Started during the 1820s in Massachusetts.

o Horace Mann, an advocate for the common school is considered, “father of the public school.” (Koch 63).

o Mann knew that civic virtues were important.

SOCIAL CONTROL IN THE SCHOOLS

Centralized the way folks were taugh and who was taught.

The state controls what is taught.

Interaction among other students.

Not everything has to be academic.

Education Timeline1600-1892

First Dame School

Early 1600s

First Latin Grammar School

1635

“Old Deluder Satan” Act

1647

Franklins Academy

Lard Ordinance Act and Northwest Ordinance set aside land for public schools

First Common School

First Normal School

First attendance law

High Scools grow

High School curriculum revised

189217611785-87 1820s

1839

1852

1870s-90s

Education Timeline

1909-2001First junior high school

Democracy and Education

Cardinal Principles of Secondary Ed.

Brown v, board of Education

Development of middle schools

Title IX A Nation at Risk

No Child Left Behind Act

Elementary and Secondary Ed. Act

Education for all Handicapped Children Act

Academic disciplines standards published

1909

19161918

1952

19721950s-60s

1965 19751983

1980s-90s

2001

EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES

Essentialism Well rounded.

Be a role model.

Communicate clearly the knowledge you have.

Progressivism Use real-life experiences to

teach.

Use active learning

Have students apply their knowledge from the classromm

Perennialism Keep alive the ideas found in

works of literature and art.

Lecture more

EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES

Social ReconstructionNecessity of change.

Promote social and political aspects in school.

Have students think about social injustice. Think critically.

Students chose what they want to study

Teachers help students figure out what their intrests are.

Existentialism

EDUCATIONAL REFORM

Brown v. Board of Education

• Supreme Court ruled unanimously that separate schools for whites and blacks was inherently unequal.

• Schools were no longer segregated.

Elementary and Secondary Ed. Act

of 1965• Made the most extensive

federal financing of schools in America possible.

Bilingual Education Acts of 1968 and

1974• Provided supplemental funding

for school districts to establish programs for large numbers of children that could not speak English very well.

EDUCATIONAL REFORMNO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT

• Called for states to develop content area standards

• Annual testing of math and reading in grades three-six.

• Schools now with poor test results face the possibility of being closed.

• Parents have better choices where to send their kids to school.

CONCLUSION

• Education has evolved from the one classroom setting to hundreds of rooms where students have the ability to learn more than ever before.

• Students have the technology to succeed and do not have to deal with the social inequality that ran rampant through the United States in the 1960s.

Works Cited

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