Soaring to New Heights – The Renaissance in Italy

TODAY Florence—The School of the

World: Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael and Others: Lorenzo the Magnificent; Maturing of

Italian Humanism and Renaissance Ideals

LAST TIME…

Filippo Brunelleschi - Dome of the Cathedral

1420-36 - Duomo, Florence

Donatello Davidc. 1430

Bronze, height: 185 cmMuseo Nazionale del Bargello,

Florence

Masaccio - The Expulsion

The Brancacci Chapel, Florence

1426

Fra Angelico - c.1434-35  Deposition of Christ - Florence: San Marco

Fra Filippo Lippi - Madonna with the Child

and two Angels1465

Tempera on wood, 95 x 62 cm

Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Piero della Francesca - Baptism of Christ - 1448-50

Tempera on panel, 167 x 116 cm

National Gallery, London

Andrea del Castagno - The Youthful David

c. 1450Tempera on leather on wood, width at bottom

115,6 x 41 cmNational Gallery of Art,

Washington

Lorenzo de’ Medici, also known as Lorenzo the

Magnificent Florentine statesman, ruler, and patron of arts and letters, the most brilliant of the Medici. He ruled Florence with his younger brother, Giuliano (1453–78), from 1469 to 1478 and, after the latter's assassination, was sole ruler from 1478 to 1492.

Raphael – Portrait of Lorenzo de’ Medici, 1518.

Leon Battista Alberti

1404-1472

Italian humanist, architect, and principal initiator of Renaissance art theory. In his personality, works, and breadth of learning, he is considered the prototype of the Renaissance “universal man.”

Basilica

550 B.C.E. – Paestum, Italy

Leon Battista Alberti1445 -1470 Palazzo Rucellai

facade Florence

Leon Battista Alberti - Exterior of Tempio Malatestiana - 1450S. Francesco, Rimini

Leon Battista Alberti - 1456-70 - Santa Maria Novella - Florence

Leon Battista Alberti - 1456-70 Santa Maria Novella - facade Florence

Paolo Uccello - 1397-1475

Florentine painter whose work attempted uniquely to reconcile two distinct artistic styles—the essentially decorative late Gothic and the new heroic style of the early Renaissance. He was the first painter to complete a work in precise linear perspective.

Paolo Uccello - Creation of Eve and Original Sin - 1432-36Fresco, 244 x 478 cm - Green Cloister, Santa Maria Novella,

Florence

Paolo Uccello - Birth of the Virgin - c. 1435 - Fresco, 302 x 361 cmDuomo, Prato

Paolo Uccello - Bernardino della Ciarda Thrown Off His Horse - 1450s

Tempera on wood, 182 x 220 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Paolo Uccello – Crucifixion - 1460-65Tempera on panel, 45 x 67 cm - Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza,

Madrid

Sandro Botticelli - 1445-1510

One of the greatest lyrical painters of the Florentine Renaissance. His The Birth of Venus and Primavera are often said to epitomize for modern viewers the spirit of the Renaissance. At the same time, he never wholly lost the influence of the International Gothic Style.

Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi – 1465-67 - Tempera on

panel, 50 x 136 cm - National Gallery, London

Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi - c. 1475 - Tempera on

panel111 x 134 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Sandro Botticelli – Portrait of Giuliano de' Medici

1478Panel, 54 x 36 cm

Staatliche Museen, Berlin

Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi – 1481-82 - Tempera on

panel70 x 103 cm - National Gallery of Art, Washington

Sandro Botticelli – Primavera - c. 1482

Tempera on panel, 203 x 314 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Sandro Botticelli - The Birth of Venus - c. 1485

Tempera on canvas, 172.5 x 278.5 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Fra Filippo Lippi - Madonna

with the Child and two Angels

Leonardo da Vinci - 1452-1519

Italian painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer whose genius, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal. His Last Supper (1495–98) and Mona Lisa (c. 1503–06) are among the most widely popular and influential paintings of the Renaissance. His notebooks reveal a spirit of scientific inquiry and a mechanical inventiveness that were centuries ahead of their time.

Verrochio - The Baptism of Christ

1472-75Tempera and oil on

panelGalleria degli Uffizi,

Florence

Verrochio The Baptism of Christ 1472-75

Detail by Leonardo da Vinci

Tempera and oil on panel

Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Leonardo da Vinci - Automobile

1478-80Metalpoint, pen and brush on

paper, 27 x 20 cmBiblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan

Leonardo da Vinci - Crossbow Machine - 1480-82 - DrawingBiblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan

Leonardo da Vinci - Assault chariot with scythes - c. 1485

Silverpoint, pen and ink on paper, 210 x 292 mm - Biblioteca Reale, Turin

Leonardo da Vinci – Drawings of a woman’s torso and torso and arms - Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan

Leonardo da Vinci – Flying Machine – 1487 (LEFT)Giant Crossbow 1480-82 (RIGHT)

Leonardo da Vinci - Comparison of scalp skin

and onion1489

Pen, ink and red chalk on paper, 203 x 152 mm

Royal Library, Windsor

Leonardo da Vinci - Vitruvian Man1492

Pen, ink, watercolour and metalpoint on paper, 343 x

245 mmGallerie dell'Accademia,

Venice

Leonardo da Vinci – Annunciation - 1472-75Tempera on wood, 98 x 217 cm - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Leonardo da Vinci - Portrait of Ginevra

de' Benci1474-46

Oil on wood, 38,8 x 36,7 cm

National Gallery of Art, Washington

Leonardo da Vinci - St Jeromec. 1480

Oil on panel, 103 x 75 cmPinacoteca Vaticana,

Vatican, Rome

Leonardo da Vinci - Portrait of Cecilia Gallerani (Lady

with an Ermine)1483-90

Oil on wood, 54,8 x 40,3 cmCzartoryski Museum,

Cracow

Leonardo da Vinci - Madonna Litta

c. 1490-91, Tempera on canvas, transferred from

panel, 42 x 33 cmThe Hermitage, St.

Petersburg

Leonardo da Vinci - Virgin of the Rocks1483-86

Oil on panel, 199 x 122 cmMusée du Louvre, Paris

Leonardo da Vinci - Studies for the Last Supper - c. 1495

Leonardo da Vinci - The Last Supper - 1498Mixed technique, 460 x 880 cm

Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

High Resolution Image of Restored Last Supper

Leonardo da Vinci - The Battle of Anghiari (detail) - 1503-05Black chalk, pen and ink

Michelangelo - 1475-1564

Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, and poet who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. Michelangelo was considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime, and ever since then, he has been held to be one of the greatest artists of all time. A number of his works in painting, sculpture, and architecture rank among the most famous in existence.

Laocoönmarble sculpture attributed to Agesander, Athenodorus,

and Polydorus of Rhodes (or perhaps a Roman copy)

2nd century B.C.E.–1st century C.E. – Vatican

Museum

Michelangelo Madonna of the Stairs

1490-92Marble, 55,5 x 40 cm

Casa Buonarroti, Florence

Pazzi Madonna – Donatello 1420-30sMarble, 74,5 x 69,5 cm - Staatliche Museen,

Berlin

Michelangelo Battle - c. 1492

Marble, 84,5 x 90,5 cm

Casa Buonarroti, Florence

Michelangelo – Vatican Pietà -1499 - Marble, height 174 cm, width at the base 195 cm - Basilica di San Pietro, Vatican

Madonna and Child - (Bruges Madonna) -

Michelangelo - 1501-05Marble, height: 128 cm

(including base)O.L. Vrouwekerk, Bruges

MichelangeloDavid1504

Marble, height 434 cmGalleria

dell'Accademia, Florence

Michelangelo - Battle of Cascina (part) – 1505 - CartoonPrivate collection

Michelangelo - The Holy Family

with the infant St. John the Baptist (the Doni tondo)

c. 1506Tempera on

panel, diameter 120 cm

Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Raphael - 1483-1520

Master painter and architect of the Italian Renaissance. Raphael is best known for his paintings of the Madonna and for his large figural compositions in the Vatican in Rome. His work is admired for its clarity of form and ease of composition, and for its visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur.

Pietro Perugino c. 1494

Francesco delle OpereFlorence: Galleria

degli Uffizi

RaphaelAngel (fragment of

the Baronci Altarpiece)

1500-01Oil on wood, 57 x 36

cmMusée du Louvre, Paris

RaphaelCrucifixion (Città di Castello Altarpiece)

1502-03Oil on wood, 281 x 165 cmNational Gallery, London

Raphael - The Granduca Madonna

1504Oil on wood, 84 x 55 cm

Galleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti), Florence

Raphael - Madonna and Child (The Small Cowper

Madonna)1504-05

Oil on wood, 58 x 43 cmNational Gallery of Art,

Washington

Raphael - The Three Graces - 1504-05Oil on panel, 17 x 17 cm - Musée Condé, Chantilly

Raphael - St Michael and the Dragon

c. 1505Oil on wood, 31 x 27

cmMusée du Louvre,

Paris

Raphael - Self-Portrait1506

Oil on wood, 45 x 33 cmGalleria degli Uffizi,

Florence

Raphael - Portrait of Maddalena Doni

1506Oil on panel, 63 x 45

cmGalleria Palatina (Palazzo Pitti),

Florence

Raphael - Madonna of Belvedere

(Madonna del Prato)1506

Oil on wood, 113 x 88 cm

Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Raphael - The Entombment

1507Oil on wood, 184 x

176 cmGalleria Borghese,

Rome Painted in Umbria

OUR NEXT TOPIC

The Italian Schools: Redefinitions of Classical Art;

Expulsion of the Medici; Girolamo Savonarola; The

Republic, Florence loses her “sons”