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SOCIAL DEFENCE – ISSUES OF

CONCERN- Dr. R. Shivappa,

University of Mysore

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SOCIAL DEFENCE

Refers to the protection of society against crime

and deviance.

It implies not only the protection of crime, but

also the treatment and rehabilitation of offenders

through institutional and non-institutional

services.

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Major areas are

Prevention of juvenile delinquency

Beggary prevention

Prevention of alcoholism and drug dependence

Prisoners’ welfare

Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women and

Girls.

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Ministry of Home Affairs deals with Police and

criminal legislations

Ministry of Welfare is concerned with the

programmes relating to juvenile delinquency,

probation services, welfare services in prisons,

suppression of immoral traffic, after-care services

and correctional training and research.

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JUVENILE JUSTICE

Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000

Juvenile: means a person who has not completed 18th year of age.

Juvenile in conflict with law: means a juvenile who is alleged to have committed an offence.

Child in need of care of protection

Child Welfare Committee

Juvenile justice Board.

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Prisoners’ welfare

Prisons are no longer to be viewed as places of

punishment but as places for reformation.

Investment on prisons shall be treated as human resource

development as it ultimately aims at raising the quality of

human life, besides protecting society from criminogenic.

The Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 which is in force

throughout except J&K, Nagaland and Sikkim and Union

Territory Lakshadweep is comprehensive in scope,

empowering courts to release on probation, in all suitable

cases.

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National Institute of Social Defence

The Ministry of Home Affairs had set up the Control Bureau of Correctional Services in 1961 as a follow-up of the recommendations of the Indian Conference for Social Work (1951), the eighth Conference of Inspectors General of Prisons (1952) and the All India Jail Manual Committee (1957-59).

Later the Bureau was transformed to Ministry of Welfare.

1975, the Bureau was reorganised into NISD.

The main objectives include

Reviewing policies, and programmes in the field of social defence

Developing preventive; rehabilitative and curative policies in the field of social defence

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Contd…

Reviewing and evaluating the implementation of

social defence policies and programmes.

Developing and promoting voluntary effort in

social defence.

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Functions

Undertake research on social defence.

Compile, process, and analyse statistics on social defence

To develop, promote, sponsor and undertaketraining/orientation programmes in the field of socialdefence.

To advice the Central and the State Governments/UnionTerritory Administration on social defence problems.

To establish liaison with universities, research institutes andvoluntary organisations for appropriate attention to socialdefence.

To organise seminars/conferences/workshops on socialdefence.

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Contd…

It is concerned with a wide range of preventive,

correctional, and rehabilitative services in various

areas of social defence, including

Welfare of Prisoners

Prison Reform and Administration

Juvenile Delinquency, Crime, Probation.

Beggary, Social and Moral Health

Alcoholism, Gambling, Suicide, Drug Addiction

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Activities of NISD

Research, evaluation and Statistical Division.

Training Division – a quarterly journal ‘Social Defence’

Common Services Facilitates Division -

Deals with financial administration, house keeping

functions. It offers supports services to programmes

being carried out at the Centre and States.

It has a library, documentation services for the benefit of

trainees and teachers in the institute.