Preparing for the Social Studies 11.Provincial Exam

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SOCIAL STUDIES 11http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/exams/

The Social Studies 11 examination will include key processes, concepts, figures, and events within the time period extending from 1914 to 2000. The provincial examination is divided into two parts:PART A: Selected-Response questions worth 70% of the examination. (55 questions)The question types may include multiple-choice, true-and-false and matching questions.PART B: Essay-Response questions worth 30% of the examination. (2 essays; 12marks each)Students will be required to answer two equally weighted multi-paragraph essay questions. Each question may draw on one or more of the following curriculum organizers:Politics and GovernmentAutonomy and International Involvement Society and IdentityHuman GeographyPOLITICS AND GOVERNMENTThis theme examines the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and how Canadians can influence public policy.

AUTONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENTThis theme examines Canada's evolution as an autonomous nation, its involvement in international events, and its responsibilities within the international community.

SOCIETY AND IDENTITYThis theme examines the regional, cultural and ethnic diversity of Canadian society and the factors that have contributed to, and resulted from, this diversity.

HUMAN GEOGRAPHYThis theme examines global issues that arise from the disparity in standards of living, environmental challenges facing Canada, and Canada's response to these issues.

CURRICULUM SUMMARY FORSOCIAL STUDIES 11INTRODUCTIONThe aim of social studies is to develop thoughtful, responsible, active citizens who are able to acquire the requisite information to consider multiple perspectives and to make reasoned judgments. The Social Studies 11 curriculum provides students with opportunities to reflect critically upon events and issues in order to examine the present, make connections with the past and consider the future. Through their participation in social studies, Social Studies 11 contributes to the important goal of preparing students for their lives as Canadian citizens and members of the international community.SKILLS AND PROCESSES Applies critical thinking to make reasonable judgments about a range of issues, situations and topics Demonstrates effective research skills Demonstrates effective written, oral and graphic communication skills Demonstrates skills and attitudes of active citizenship, including ethical behaviour, open-mindedness, respect for diversity and collaborationPOLITICS AND GOVERNMENT Demonstrates an understanding of the political spectrum Left Wing.. Right wing Explains how Canadians can effect change at the federal and provincial levels Explains how federal and provincial governments are formed in Canada Describes major provisions of the Canadian constitution, including the CanadianCharter of Rights and Freedoms and assesses its impact on Canadian societyAUTONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENT Describes Canada's evolution as a politically autonomous (independent) nation Assesses Canada's role in World War I and II and the wars' impact on Canada Assesses Canada's participation in world affairsHUMAN GEOGRAPHY Explains the significance of changes in world population with reference to populations pyramids, distribution, density and demographic transition models Compares Canada's standard of living with those of developing countries with reference to poverty and key indicators of human development Assesses environmental challenges facing Canadians including global warming, ozone layer depletion and fresh water quality and supply

SOCIETY AND IDENTITY Assesses the development and impact of Canadian social policies and programs related to immigration, the welfare state and minority rights Explains economic cycles with reference to the Great Depression and the labour movement in Canada Describes the role of women in terms of social, political and economic change in Canada Assesses the impact of the conscription crises, Quebec nationalism, bilingualism and regionalism on Canadian unity Demonstrates knowledge of the challenges faced by Aboriginal people in Canada during the 20th century and their responses to residential schools, reserves, self- government and treaty negotiations Explains what it means to be Canadian with reference to distinctive Canadian program and policies and important Canadian cultural and scientific achievements

DESCRIPTION OF THE SELECTED RESPONSE QUESTIONS There will be a total of 55 questions in this section of the exam. 12 will be on politics and government 12 will be on autonomy and international involvement 19 will be on society and identity 12 will be on human geography Of the 55 questions, 23 are knowledge based questions. FACTSKnowledge is defined as the remembering of ideas, material, or phenomena. Incorporated at this level is knowledge of terminology, specific facts (dates, events, persons, etc.), conventions, classifications and categories, criteria, methods of inquiry, principles and generalizations, theories and structures.EXAMPLE: At what stage is a bill thoroughly debated in the House of Commons?A. Introductory ReadingB. First ReadingC. Second ReadingC. Third Reading

32 are understanding and application questions.Understanding refers to responses that require the student to understand the literal message contained in a communication. This means that the student is able to translate, interpret or extrapolate. Interpretation involves the reordering of ideas (inferences, generalizations, or summaries). Extrapolation includes estimating or predicting based on an understanding of trends or tendencies.EXAMPLE: Why was Canada viewed as a "middle power" after World War II?A. It was a member of the CommonwealthB. Its nuclear weapon program was developingC. Its economy was based on primary resourcesD. It was becoming influential in international affairs

Application requires the student to apply an appropriate abstraction (theory, principle, idea, method) to a new situation.

Health Statistics of Selected Countries, 1996LIN expretancyat Birth(rnaleitemale)(psi i,1t4CfPaen4g:ils)Argentina88/752JGuatemala63/6808Myanmar55/580.3Netherlands75/812.6Zaire45/4901EXAMPLE:

3Based on the chart above, which nation is least developed?A. ZaireB. ArgentinaC. GuatemalaD. Netherlands

Review Section

Social Studies 11 ReviewAutonomy and International Involvement The following events contributed to national autonomy: The creation of the Canadian Corps in WWI (1914)Army Created for WW1

The Paris Peace Conference (1919)Canada had its own seat, not Britan.

The League of Nations (1919)Joined League as a separate country

The Halibut Treaty (1923)First treaty signed between US and Canada without Britan

The King/Byng Crisis (1925)Byng- Gov General refused elected gov

The Balfour Report (1926)Britains colonies -> Commonwealth

The Statute of Westminster (1931)Made the Balfour report a reality, clarified powers of Canada, officially independent.

The Parliamentary vote to join WWII (1939)Canada joined WWII by itself, not because of Britan The Creation of the Canadian flag (1965)Old flag to connected to Britan as a colony, new represented French Canadian people

The Patriation of the Constitution (1982)No longer connected to Britan politically, constitution in Canada now

WW1 1914-1918 During WWI, Canada played an important role in the following events: Somme (1916)Newfoundland Regiment was slaughtered. Very little land, large casualties

Passchendaele (1917)Useless loss of life over swamp

Vimy Ridge (1917)Great Canadian victory, well respected now

Ypres (1915)2nd battle had first use of gas

100 Day Campaign (1919)German advance stopped, lead to Armistice

Battle of the Atlantic??? wasnt this ww2

During WWI, many Canadian lives were lost as a result of the following: AttritionLoss of energy and supplies

Trench Warfare (machine guns) Submarines (u-boats)

World War I (1914 1919) had a great impact on Canadians at home: Enemy aliens (internment camps)Suspected spies were put in camps

Conscription (1918)Forced enlistment, farmers and French-Canadians mad

Suffrage (1918)Women can vote

Halifax Explosion (1917)Two boats collided in Halifax harbor many died

Victory BondsBuy bonds to support war repayed after Rationing

War Measures Act (1914)Government can do anythingWW2 1939 -1945

During WWII, the Canadian military made important contributions in the following ways:

Dieppe (August, 1942)Learn from this failure for D-day

Italian Campaign (1943 1944)Pushing Germany out of Italy, Ortana Canadian victory

D-Day (June 6, 1944)Allies gain foothold in France, Juno Beach

Battle of the AtlanticGermany loses supplies, Allies gain

Hong Kong (Christmas 1941)Black X-mas, Canadian POW treated badly

Netherlands (liberation 1944 1945)Liberate Holland, Battle of Scheldt, VE day May 8, 194

10World War II (1939 1945) had a great impact on Canadians at home: Arsenal of democracyCanada manufacturing weapons at home

Women in work force

Air trainingBritish Commonwealth Air Training Plan in Canada trained pilots

Total warEveryone contributing to war effort

Conscription (1944)King had a poll of provinces who supported conscription, everyone said yes except Quebec

Propaganda Enemy aliens (internment of Japanese Canadians)

The following events have shown that it is important for us to work as individuals, and collectively to protect human rights: The Holocaust Canada's refugee policy (St. Louis, 1939)Boat of Jews could not dock anywhere because no one took them in, they died

Japanese Internment (WWII)Imprisoned all Japanese people, sent to camps Land mines treaty (1997)Abolished landmines

Rwandan Genocide (1994)

Canada has made significant contributions to the UN in the following ways: PeacekeepingCanada did a lot of peacekeeping missions for the UN thought this fallen dramatically

Temporary seat in UN Security CouncilOn/off security council Participation in UN agencies (UNICEF...)

Canada was actively involved in the Cold War: Avro Arrow (1950s) NATO NORAD Dew Line Bomarc Missiles (1960s) Moscow Olympics Boycott (1980) Canada was directly involved in many modern conflicts: Korean War (1950 1953) Suez Crisis (1956) Bosnia (1990's) 1991 Gulf War

Canada was not directly involved in the following: Vietnam (1960s 1974) Star Wars

Social Studies 11 ReviewSociety and Identity Canada's immigration policy changed drastically during the 20th century: Head tax Chinese Exclusion Act (1923) By continuous passage Origin of immigrants Colour blind (1967) Point system (1967)

These were important milestones in the achievement of the welfare state in Canada: Worker's Compensation (BC 1917) Unemployment Insurance (1940) Family Allowance (1944) Medical Care Act (1966) Canada Pension Plan (1966)

Canada's treatment of minorities has changed: WW II internment of Japanese Canadians Repatriation of Japanese Canadians Assimilation policy White Paper (1969) Charter of Rights and Freedoms (1982) Multiculturalism Act (1971) Aboriginal self-government

The following terms are important parts of economic cycles: Recession Depression Recovery Prosperity Deficit Inflation Supply and demand

These are the main effects of the Depression: Unemployment Poverty Migration Protest parties Soup kitchens

The Canadian government responded to the Depression in the following ways: "5 cent piece" 12Work creation programs Work camps Dole Tariffs "Little New Deal" (BC 1933)

The following are examples of the growth of the labour movement : Winnipeg General Strike One Big Union (OBU) On-To-Ottawa Trek (1935) Regina Manifesto

Women made contributions to Canada during the wars and in the post-war era in the following ways: Increased industrial capacity Economic growth Changing social attitudes Development of the welfare state

Women have influenced Canadian society in the following ways: Suffrage (1918) Prohibition (1910s) Politics Persons Case (1929) Pay and employment equity

The conscription crises of WWII were viewed differently by the following groups: English Canadians Factory workers Farmers French Canadians

Each of the following expressions of Quebec Nationalism have impacted Canadian Unity: Union Nationale (1936 1959) Quiet Revolution (1960s) October Crisis (1970) Sovereignty referenda (1980, 1995) Parti Quebequois (1976 today) Bloc Quebecois (1990 today)

The Canadian government has tried to decrease support for separatism in Quebec in the following ways: Bi and Bi Commission Official Languages Act Increasing the presence of French Canadians in government and Crown Corporations 13Maple Leaf flag

The Official Languages Act is significant for the following reasons: Bilingual labeling Civil service hiring

Regionalism and Western Alienation were caused by the following: OPEC oil embargo (1973) National Energy Policy (1981) Collapse of the cod fishery Regional disparity

The Indian Act (1960) had a great impact on Aboriginal people: Marginalization Dependency

Residential schools had an important impact on Aboriginal people and society: Destruction of lives Destruction of society

Aboriginal Canadians have used a variety of strategies in their efforts to respond to the challenges they face: Negotiations Organizations Protests Red Paper Court cases (land and resource issues) Demand for self government

Canada is different from the USA in the following ways: Death penalty Gun control Health care Military Popular entertainment Civil rights

Canada has taken measures to promote a distinct Canadian identity: CRTC (1968) CBC (TV 1952) NFB (1939) Canada Council (1957) Massey Commission (1949)

*** You should be able to use all this information to create and defend a personal definition of what it means to be Canadian.

Politics and Government The following are important 20th century political / economic ideologies: Totalitarianism Democracy Constitutional Monarchy Capitalism Liberalism Conservatism Socialism Fascism Communism

The following are major Canadian Federal Parties: Conservative (Progressive Conservative + Canadian Alliance) Liberal NDP (CCF) Bloc Quebecois

The following are major BC political parties: Liberal NDP

Canada has three levels of government: Federal Provincial Municipal

There are three branches of government: Legislative Executive Judicial

These are the parts of the law-making process in Canada: First reading Second reading Third reading Royal assent

There are two types of bills that can be proposed in Parliament: Bill proposed by a cabinet minister Private member's bill

The following play a role in the federal government: House of Commons Senate Party discipline Party Whip Caucus Free votes Question period Cabinet Backbencher Patronage Order-in-Council Speaker of the House Sergeant-at-Arms Mace

Canadians can influence the government 's policies in many ways: Elections Petitions Protests Lobbyists Special interest groups (pressure groups) Court actions Media campaigns Civil disobedience

How does Canada's electoral system work? Candidates Constituencies (ridings or electoral districts) Voting Acclamation Election campaigns First-past-the-post system

Two types of governments may be formed as a result of an election: Majority government Minority government Vote of non-confidence likely

The following play a role in provincial governments: Legislative Assembly Premier Lieutenant Governor

The following play a role in local governments: Mayor / Chief City Council / Band Council By-laws The following are important precursors to the Constitution 01 1982: BNA Act Bill of Rights The Canadian Constitution included two very important parts: Amending formula Notwithstanding clause

The following are rights that are guaranteed by the Charter of Rights and Freedoms: Fundamental Democratic Equality Mobility Legal Language Education

*You should be able to describe the impact that the Charter has had on Canadian society.Human Geography The following visual aids can be used to analyze a country's level of development as well as its population: Population pyramid Early Expanding Expanding Stable Contracting Demographic transition model

The following are significant factors when studying population: Distribution Density Dependency ratio Birth Rate Death Rate Rate of Natural Increase Immigration Rate Emigration Rate Net Migration Rate Rate of Natural Increase

How can we slow down the world's' population growth? Improving literacy Women's rights Economic development Family planning (ex: one child policy) Urbanization

Why is the world's population growing? Lack of education Lack of women's rights Child labour Tradition Lack of development

The UN uses the following index to rank the nations of the world in terms of development: Human Development Index Life Expectancy, GDP per capita, Literacy

The following are key indicators of human development: Life expectancy Literacy rate Infant mortality rate Disease Fertility rate GDP per capita Physicians per capita

The following are key causes of poverty: Armed conflict Natural disasters Lack of education Lack of employment Corruption Overpopulation Lack of resources

What are some possible ways to help developing countries break out of the poverty cycle? CIDA NGOs UNICEF WHO Debt reduction or forgiveness

How has technological development affected the environment? Ozone layer depletion CFCs Global warming CO2, Methane Pollution Deforestation Acid Rain SO2, NOX Pollution (coal)

What are some possible responses to these problems? International cooperation Kyoto Protocol (1990) Montreal Protocol (1987) Air Quality Accord (1991) Sustainable sources of energy Solar Wind Fuel Cellso Conservation Education Sustainable Development

What are resources? Renewable resources Non-renewable resources Fossil Fuels

What are the major threats to Canada's fresh water supply? Misuse Aquifer and Ground Water Depletion Contamination Pesticides, herbicides Industrial pollution Sewage Industrial waste Global climate change

What are some possible solutions to this problem? Treatment technologies Conservation Desalination plants Drip irrigation Legislation

What are the main challenges faced by the agriculture industry? Declining water supply Desertification Climate change Increasing population Urbanization Dependence on chemicals

What are some ways to deal with these challenges? Genetic modification Organic farming Education Conservation

What types of questions should I expect?History questions in the essay section of the provincial exam are usually closely connected to the following themes:How Canada changed socially, politically, and economically: Autonomy Multiculturalism Important laws language rights, colorblind immigration, social programs, human rights, minority rights Charter of Rights and Freedoms Industry vs Agriculture American influence Free TradeCanada's role in world affairs and the impact on Canada's reputation: Role (contribution) in each of the World Wars Peacekeeper / NATO ally in the post-WWII era Donor country to developing nations and UN agenciesCanada's response to major world events: WWI Great Depression WWII Cold WarThe social, political, and economic impact that major world/national events have had on Canada: WWI Roaring Twenties Great Depression WWII Cold War Quebec Nationalism Native Rights Regionalism / Western Alienation

Geography questions in the essay section of the provincial exam are usually closely connected to the following themes:Causes and solutions to major issues facing the world today: Poverty / low standard of living in the developing world Overpopulation Resource depletion: Water, soil, forests, non-renewable resources Environmental Challenges: Ozone depletion, global warming, pollutionYou may be asked to consider the issues above from a variety of perspectives: Individual, community, national, international...

Sample Essay Questions Explain the effects of overpopulation in developing countries.Describe realistic strategies that Canadians could take to reduce their negative impact on land, water, and the atmosphere.Describe realistic strategies that developed countries could take to break the cycle of poverty in developing countriesExplain how Canada's identity has been shaped as a result of its involvement in international affairs from 1914 to 2000.Discuss Canada's contributions towards the allied victory in WWII.To what extent has the United Nations been successful in fulfilling its mandate? Your answer should consider both the successes and the failures of the United Nations.Evaluate the development of French-Canadian and English Canadian relations in the period between and 1914 and 2000.To what extent was the Canadian government successful in its attempts to deal with the Depression? Your answer should consider both sides of the statement.Explain how Canada changed politically, socially and economically in the period between 1914 and 2000_"Canada has created a welfare state that benefits every man, woman and child from cradle to grave_"Evaluate this statement using examples from the period 1914 to the year 2000. Your answer should consider both sides of the statement.

gPractice Review QuestionsUse the following questions as a guide to help you prepare for the essay portion of the final exam. When preparing for the selected response section, pay a lot more attention to details and key terms or names, as these questions will be much more specific.POLITICS AND GOVERNMENTWhat are the characteristics of left wing, center, and right wing political parties? What are the main Canadian political parties?What are the central ideologies of each party?What are the characteristics of a democracy, a dictatorship, and a constitutional monarchy?What are the characteristics of socialism, communism, and fascism?Through what actions can a Canadian citizen gain some influence over the decisions made by the federal or provincial government?How are federal and provincial governments formed in Canada?What are the main parts of government? What is the role of each part? What are some of the important sections of the Canadian Constitution? What is the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms?What impact does the Constitution have on Canadian society?AUTONOMY AND INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENTIn what ways did Canada become more politically autonomous (independent) during the 20th century?How did Canada contribute towards the allied victory in WWI?How did WW] change Canada? Why?How did Canada contribute towards the allied victory in WWII?How did WWII change Canada? Why?Through what methods has Canada become internationally involved in order to protect human rights?What is Canada's role as a member of the United Nations? How has Canada contributed to the UN?What was Canada's role during the Cold War?How did Canada respond to the major political / military events that took place during the Cold War (Korea, Suez, Cuba, Vietnam, Afghanistan)?What form has Canada's involvement in world conflicts taken since the end of the Cold War?How has Canada's international reputation been affected by its role in the post-WWII world?

SOCIETY AND IDENTITYIn what ways and for what reasons has Canada's immigration policy changed throughout the 20th century?Why did the welfare state develop in Canada? What forms does it take? What effect has it had on our society?How has the issue of minority rights in Canada changed over the last 100 years? What accounts for these changes?What were the causes of the Great Depression?How did the Canadian government respond to the Depression?What impact did the Great Depression have on Canadian society?Why do economies tend to move through cycles of recession and growth?How have the social, political, and economic roles of women in Canada changed in the 100 years?What impact did the conscription crises have on Canadian unity?What impact has Quebec nationalism had on Canadian unity?What situations has Quebec nationalism led to and how have these been resolved? How has bilingualism affected Canada's unity?How have regionalism and western alienation affected Canadian unity?What impact have residential schools and reserves had on Aboriginal Canadians? What is meant by self-government, and why do Aboriginal Canadians desire it? Why are treaty negotiations an on-going and complicated issue in Canada?What are some programs and policies that are in place in Canada and make our country unique?What are some important Canadian scientific and cultural achievements?

HUMAN GEOGRAPHYWhat do population pyramids reveal about the level of development in a country? How? What factors determine the population density of a certain region?What factors determine how population is distributed around the globe?What factors determine how population is distributed in Canada?How can the Demographic Transition Model be used to show what happens to a country's population as the country develops?How is the standard of living in developed countries different from the standard of living in developing countries (life expectancy, birth rate, literacy, health, disease, social safety net...)?What key indicators are used in order to determine a country's standard of living? What are the causes of and dangers associated with global warming?What are the causes of and dangers associated with ozone layer depletion?What are some of the problems associated with the quality and supply of fresh water in Canada and the world?

Definitions for Key Verbs in Written-Response and Essay Questions Successful results can be achieved by addressing the specifics of the question. Most questions contain a key verb or command term. The following list will help students to understand and respond to written-response questions effectively. Any particular examination may use terms selected from this list.

AssessEstimate the value of something based on some criteria: presentan informed judgment.

CompareDescribe how the elements or qualities of one event, issue orcharacter are similar to those of another. Often used in conjunctionwith CONTRAST.

ContrastDescribe how the elements or qualities of one event, issue orcharacter are different from those of another. See COMPARE.

DescribeGive a detailed or graphic account of an object, event, or concept.

DiscussPresent the various points of view in a debate or argument:engage in written discourse on a particular topic, process orconcept.

EvaluateUse criteria or standards to make judgments about the strengthsand weaknesses of a position on a particular issue.

ExplainGive an account of a topic. process, or concept, providingevidence and reasons.

To WhatExtentAdvance arguments in favour of a position or point of view andrespond to or take into account arguments opposed to thatposition or point of view,

SOCIAL STUDIES 11Essay Scoring CriteriaA response may or may not conform to each and every descriptor within a particular scale point. The marker should classify the response into a category based on general impression rather than by checking oil each descriptor.6A relevant position/thesis is clearly stated. Excellent recall of factual content: organized in a purposeful and effective manner. Position is supported with thoroughly developed details and insightful conclusions are drawn. Expression is clear and fluent with relevant flaws in communication,5 A relevant position/thesis is clearly stated. Proficient recall of factual content: organized in a purposeful and effective manner. Position is supported with well developed details and effective conclusions are drawn. Expression is generally fluent with few flaws in communication.4 A relevant position is evident. Adequate recall of factual content: generally organized in a purposeful manner. Position is supported with sufficient details and adequate conclusions are drawn. expression is sufficiently fluent: errors do not impede meaning_3 A relevant position/thesis is attempted. Minimal recall of factual content: organization is attempted. Position is supported with some detail and conclusions ...ire weak. Expression is limited: errors may distract and impede meaning.2A position/thesis is inadequate.Insufficient recall of factual content: lacks organization. Absence of supporting details, little or no relevant conclusion. Expression is awkward: errors interfere with meaning. A position/thesis is not evident, Deficient recall of factual content: lacks organization. Absence of supporting Expression is full of errors making understanding difficult.0While writing is evident, no attempt has been made to address the topic given or the writing is illegible