Social StudiesFinal exam review

Exam dates:June 11- 40 multiple choice questions (40%)June 9 – one essay (60%)

Contents of final exam

40 multiple choice questions- May 29

One essay – 60 points – May 30

1. Why did people move West?

Better life Opportunities Homestead Act

2. Reasons for immigration

Push – why they left their homeland; war, poverty, oppression

Pull- America- Land of Opportunity; lots of jobs here

3- immigrate

To come to a new land to settle

4. emigrate

Exit; exodus To leave your homeland

5. Theories of immigration

A. old theory – melting pot Immigrants erase heritage and

adopt new, American culture. B. new theory – salad bowl Immigrants add features of their

culture to become part of a new American culture.

6-nativism

Dislike of foreigners Wanted quotas or restrictions on

immigration (1920s) Some immigrants were

discriminated against when they arrived

7- muckrakers

Goal- to expose problems caused by industrialization

Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives – tenement life

Upton Sinclair – The Jungle – horrors of meatpacking industry and immigrant life

Ida Tarbell – History of Standard Oil – unfair business practices of Rockefeller

8- Progressive Movement

Goals- to fix the problems caused by the Industrial Era

Wanted to end unfair business practices such as monopolies, unsafe working conditions, monopolies, child labor etc.

9- suffrage

Right to vote

Women – 19th amendment

African American Males – 15th amendment (but with restrictions)

10- laissez-faire

Little or no government regulation or interference in the economy or business

Led to growth of monopolies

11. Changes caused by Industrial Revolution

Economic growth due to: Assembly line- more consumer goods

produced at a lower/cheaper cost More efficiently produced goods More jobs in factories More monopolies and corporations

12-urban/suburban/rural

Urban- city Suburban – outside city Rural- countryside

13- labor union

Goal-Workers joined together to fight for better working conditions and benefits

Unions help employees/workers

VOCABULARY-- EMPLOYER= BOSS

14-assembly line

Production is faster and cheaper

Mass production of goods was more efficient

15. Jane Addams and Settlement houses

Jane Addams- social reformer who set up settlement houses to help poor people and immigrants

focused on education, health, job training

16- Big Stick Policy

President Teddy Roosevelt

U.S. “Policeman of the World” - especially Latin America

17 A.- imperialism

Take over a nation making it a colony

Due to the nation’s need for resources and markets during Industrial era

expansion

17B – Manifest Destiny

America’s destiny to be a land from sea to sea.

Desire for expansion

17 C – Monroe Doctrine

The U.S. declares it’s right to deal with matters in the Western Hemisphere

Told Europeans to stay out of the affairs of the West

Doctrine was expanded under Teddy Roosevelt (Roosevelt Corollary)

17 D- Spanish American War

Causes Imperialism Yellow journalism DeLome Letter Humanitarian concern for Cuba Sinking of the USS Maine ship

ResultsU.S. becomes and imperialist nation with colonies (Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines)

17 E- Open Door Policy with China

Industrial Age

More trade with China

18 A-World War I

Causes – 1914 (M.A.N.I.A) Assassination of Archduke of Austria-

Hungary Germany attacks U.S. ships then we

declare war in 1917. Results

Map of Europe changed

18B- U.S. at beginning of WWI

U.S. Neutral in 1914- “did not affect us”

U.S. Declares war- 1917 War ends- 1918

19. Fourteen Points

Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace No more wars No secret treaties No colonies League of Nations- use

diplomacy/talking to settle disputes

20-Treaty of Versailles

Senate refuses to ratify treaty because of League of Nations

Senate believed League might cause us to be involved in another conflict

Harsh conditions on Germany- reparations

21. League of Nations

Senate refuses to ratify Treaty of Versailles bec. of the League. Believed it might get us more involved in wars.

Wilson wanted it – believed it would end conflicts; bring peaceful settlement of problems

22-Roaring Twenties

Era of changes (social, political, economic)

Eco- Easy credit meant people could afford to buy more goods

Social – New freedoms/ fashions for women

Political- Reduced civil liberties; Red Scare

23. Harlem Renaissance

Rebirth of African American culture centered in Harlem, NY in the 1920s

Poetry/ literature celebrating African American culture

24. Sacco and Vanzetti

Italian immigrants (anarchists) convicted of murder with little evidence.

Lessons: Nativism – dislike of immigrants 1920’s Red Scare era- fear of different

ideas Civil liberties can be denied due to

fears

25. Quotas- Immigration Acts 1921

Restrictions on immigration - fewer from Asia and Eastern Europe.

Nativists supported quotas (limits)

26. Scopes (monkey) Trial

1920s- Religious fundamentalism rises

Scopes taught about evolution though it was banned

27. Red Scare 1920s

Fear communism would spread to USA

Fear of people who may support communism

Fear of immigrants

28- Red Scare 1950s

McCarthyism

Cold War era

Fear of Communism

29. Dust bowl

Drought (no rain) conditions in Great Plains

Massive dust storms

30. Farmers in the 1920s

Lost farms due to dust bowl

Low crop prices

Moved West

31-Great Depression

Causes: Mechanization -lost jobs High tariffs on imports Easy credit -debt Stock market crash and panic – 1929

Results: High unemployment; banks fail, slow

economy; little money to buy goods

32. FDR vs. Hoover

Hoover Help business help people Indirect help

FDR New Deal Direct help; jobs, loans, aid

33. Hoovervilles

Shanty towns People were evicted homeless Lived in shacks

34. The New Deal

Purpose- Relief, Recover, Reform

Provided jobs, faith in banking

Result-Increased size and responsibility of government.

35. WWII causes

Germany invades Poland-1939

Japan bombs Pearl Harbor- US enters war in 1941

36. WWII - results

During the War War leads to more jobs- Depression

ends More women working

Results Atom bombs dropped on Japan leads

to war’s end Now-nuclear age; two superpowers Arms race; Cold War begins

37. Iron Curtain

Phrase from Winston Churchill describing the separation between Western (free) Europe and Eastern (communist-controlled) Europe.

Post War period

38-Marshall Plan

USA sends financial or economic aid to help rebuild Western Europe

Keep Europe strong to resist communism

39-Berlin Blockade

U.S. helps West Berlin which was blockaded during Cold War

40. Cold War

Tensions between US and USSR after WWII

Korean War, Vietnam War happened during Cold War

11/9/89 – fall of Berlin Wall – symbolized end of Cold War.

41- containment

Foreign policy to stop the spread of communism

During the Cold War

42- NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization Defensive alliance for the West to

provide security to fight the East (Communists)

NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

43. McCarthyism

Anti-communist Senator McCarthy– 1950s

Ruined careers of people accusing them of being communist; people’s rights denied.

Red Scare era

44. Korean War

1950s U.N. (with U.S. support) tries to

stop communist from spreading to South Korea.

Border remains at 38 parallel Containment – Cold War Domino theory

44- Communism

Political system of Soviet Union

45- Cuban Missile Crisis

JFK success Nearly a nuclear war Soviets had missiles in Cuba (near

Florida)

46. Domino theory

Fear that communism will spread to neighboring countries especially in Southeast Asia i.e. Korea and Vietnam

Led to our involvement in two wars

47. Civil Rights Movement

1950s and 1960s Sought equal rights for African

American Used non-violence Leader: Dr. King

48. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Goals Desegregation Equal voting rights

Methods Passive resistance Sit-ins; marches, boycotts

49-March on Washington

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr “I Have a Dream” speech

highlights inequality and struggles of African Americans

50. Brown Vs. Board of Ed 1954

No more segregation States did not follow this

immediately Led to desegregation (integration)

of schools and facilities

51- Women’s Rights Movement

Goals Career choices Equal pay Equal treatment

52. detente

Try to end or ease Cold War tensions

Use diplomacy (negotiations)

Essay (60%)

Write about the contributions of two individuals discussed in this course.

Which people should you choose?

Focus on their contributions and how they impacted our nation.

Some examples?

Write the names of five people you might write about in your final exam essay.