SOCIETY OF STS - MUSIC COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 01/15/2007 1 “SOCIETY” SOME “SOCIETY” ISSUES OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY [STS] FRANK J. GADEK, PH.D

SOCIETY OF STS - MUSIC

COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 01/15/2007

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SOME “SOCIETY”“SOCIETY” ISSUES

OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY

& SOCIETY [STS]

FRANK J. GADEK, PH.D.



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ONE ASPECT CAN BE

““MUSIC”MUSIC”

WITH RESPECT TO

COMMUNICATION

& EVOLUTION OF

SOCIETY



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AN INITIAL VERY BRIEFAN INITIAL VERY BRIEFEXPLORATIONEXPLORATION

TO STIMULATE FURTHERINVESTIGATION

VERY COMPLEX ISSUEMANY DRAMATIC,

UNEXPECTED& FAR REACHING

EFFECTS



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CAN ASSIST IN:CAN ASSIST IN:

APPRECIATING CONTINUING EVOLUTION OF MUSIC

PERSPECTIVE

CONTEXT

“MUSIC OF TODAY”

“MUSIC OF FUTURE”



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ONE VERY SIGNIFICANT & DRAMATIC EFFECTONE VERY SIGNIFICANT & DRAMATIC EFFECT

ETHNIC MUSICHELPED TO “ASSIMILATE” NEW IMMIGRANTSALSO HELPED THEM TO “COPE / MANAGE /

UNDERSTAND” –TRANSITION FROM “OLD COUNTRY” TO “NEW COUNTRY” – CUSTOMS,TRADITIONS, “WAYS OF DOINGTHINGS,” LANGUAGE, DAILY LIFE,ETC.

SEEN TODAY WITH NEW ETHNIC GROUPS –HISPANICS, ASIANS, ETC.

ESPECIALLY DUE TO NEW “GLOBAL ECONOMY& MOBILITY”



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“MUSIC” COULD ASSIST

SOCIETY WITH ADAPTING

TO SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY[STS]

DRAMATIC & FAR REACHING

EFFECTS, ESPECIALLY ON

DAILY LIFE, CULTURE, BELIEFS,ETC.



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ETHNIC MUSIC COULD:ETHNIC MUSIC COULD:

HELP REMEMBER “OLD COUNTRY”INEXPENSIVE ENTERTAINMENT,

ESPECIALLY FOR LOWERPAID BLUE COLLAR WORKERS

SOCIALIZING – DANCINGCELEBRATE IMPORTANT EVENTS

- WEDDINGS, ANNIVERSARIESKEEP TRADITIONS ALIVEFAMILIARIZE OTHERS WITH

DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS



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ETHNIC MUSIC:ETHNIC MUSIC:

ORIGINAL IMMIGRANTS – DEPENDED ON IT

FIRST GENERATION – DRIFTED AWAY TO MORE CURRENT & POPULAR MUSIC, BUT RETAINED SOME HAPPY MEMORIES & LOYALTY TO IT

OTHER GENERATIONS – LOST INTEREST & / OR DID NOT KNOW OF IT IN ANY DETAIL



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TO SURVIVE ETHNIC MUSIC BANDS ADJUSTED TO CHANGING:

POPULAR MUSIC & CONSUMERS[DEMOGRAPHICS]

ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF MUSIC

NEW TECHNOLOGY – CD’S, INTERNET, ETC.



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THUS, “PURE” ETHNIC MUSICTHUS, “PURE” ETHNIC MUSIC

GRADUALLY DILUTED OVER TIME BY CHANGING TIMES!

BECOMES MORE OF AN HISTORICINTEREST / CURIOSITY

SOME SHORT TERM REVIVALS ASOTHERS DISCOVER IT

BUT DECLINE IS INEVITABLE / PREDICTABLE / EXPECTED,ALTHOUGH REGRETTED



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SOME ETHNIC GROUPS IN MUSICSOME ETHNIC GROUPS IN MUSIC

AROUND 1900 – EARLY IMMIGRANTS

IRISHSLOVENIANCZECHPOLISHITALIANGERMANLITHUANIANFINNISH



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PRESENT IMMIGRANTS

HISPANICASIANMIDDLE EAST



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EARLY REGIONS FOR ETHNIC MUSICEARLY REGIONS FOR ETHNIC MUSIC

IOWAMINNESOTATEXASCLEVELAND, OHIOMILWAUKEE, WISCONSINEASTERN USA



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SOME INSTRUMENTS USED IN ETHNIC MUSICSOME INSTRUMENTS USED IN ETHNIC MUSICACCORDIONFIDDLECLARINETSAXAPHONETRUMPETTUBATROMBONEDRUMSBASSBANJOMANDOLINGUITARPIANO



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ETHNIC BANDS DERIVED FROM LOCALBRASS BANDS USED FOR CIVIC FUNCTIONS

MILITARY TRAINED MUSICIANS FOR THEIR BANDS – USED FORCOMMUNICATION ON BATTLEFIELD& TO BOOST MORAL



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COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

USE 5 SENSES – HEARING, SIGHT, FEEL, TASTE, SMELL

“6TH” SENSE?

LANGUAGE – E.G., “GRUNTS,”WORDS, SENTENCES

SOUNDS – E.G., DRUMS

SIGHT – E.G. HAND & SMOKE SIGNALS



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ENTERTAINMENT / ENTERTAINMENT / SELF EXPRESSIONSELF EXPRESSION

INDIVIDUALINFORMAL GROUP GATHERINGSCELEBRATIONS / FESTIVALSRELIGIOUSTO COMMEMORATE EVENTS

[RECORD HISTORY]MILITARY

ETC.



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““MUSIC”MUSIC”

VARIOUS DIVERSE REGIONAL FORMS DEVELOPED

VOCAL

INSTRUMENTAL

BOTH



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INSTRUMENTSINSTRUMENTS

INITIALLY VERY CRUDE

INDIVIDUALLY MADE BY HAND

PERCUSSION – E.G. DRUMS

WIND – E.G. FLUTELIKE



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COMMERCIALLY MADECOMMERCIALLY MADE

SIMPLE FIRSTFLUTELIKE BANJO, FIDDLE, GUITAR, DRUMS

MORE COMPLEXPIANO, ACCORDION, BRASS

INCREASED USE OF MUSIC & HELPEDTO STANDARDIZE IT



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WRITTEN FORM OF MUSICWRITTEN FORM OF MUSIC

HELPED TO STANDARDIZE & PUBLICIZE MADE MORE “PORTABLE”PRESERVEDMORE RATIONAL MODIFICATION



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RECORDED MUSICRECORDED MUSICTHOMAS EDISON LATE 1800’S

BECAME MORE POPULAR EARLY 1900’S

DEVELOPMENT OF RECORD DISKS / PLATTERS

INITIALLY 78 RPM – ONE SONG / SIDEBECAME LESS EXPENSIVEMOST COULD AFFORD THEM

DEVELOPMENT OF RECORD PLAYERSBECAME LESS EXPENSIVEMOST COULD AFFORD THEM



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RECORDED MUSICRECORDED MUSIC

ALLOWED MUSIC IN HOMES & OTHER PLACESWITHOUT “LIVE” MUSICIANS / INSTRUMENTS

COULD BE ENJOYED AT LEISURE & ANYTIME

VERY INEXPENSIVE / AFFORDABLE FOR MOSTCREATED THE “MUSIC INDUSTRY” FOR

SUBSTANTIAL PROFITS!!!

FURTHER POPULARIZED DIFFERENT MUSIC FORMSINCREASED “PORTABILITY” OF MUSIC, EVEN

WORLD WIDE



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BEFORE RECORDED MUSICBEFORE RECORDED MUSIC

PEOPLE HAD TO PROVIDE THEIR OWNBY PLAYING IT ON THE INSTRUMENTSTHEY HAD, IF THEY KNEW HOW

GO OUT TO “SHOWS” – WHY VISITINGCIRCUSES, MINSTRELS, VAUDEVILLES,& OTHER PERFORMERS SO POPULAR



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SOME ERAS / GENRE OF MUSICSOME ERAS / GENRE OF MUSIC

FROM 1600’S ???CLASSICALOPERA

FROM 1700’S ???FOLKCOUNTRY

FROM LATE 1800’S???CIRCUSMARCHESMINSTRELS

EARLY 1900’SVAUDEVILLE “ETHNIC”TIN PAN ALLEYHONKY TONKRAGTIME



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FROM 1930’SBIG BANDMOVIES

FROM 1950’SROCK & ROLLBLUE GRASSJAZZ

FROM 1960’SRYTHYM & BLUES [R & B]FOLK – REVIVAL?

TODAY“WORLD”RAPMTVINTERNETSYNTHESIZEDCD’S / DVD’SETC.



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MANY GOOD BOOKS &INTERNET SITES FORADDITIONAL DETAILEDINFORMATION, ESPECIALLYON SOME OF THE LESSERKNOWN MUSIC



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SOME BOOKSSOME BOOKS“EVOLUTION OF MODERN POPULAR MUSIC”BY MARK VINET

“AMERICAN POPULAR MUSIC”BY LARRY STARR & CHRISTOPHER WATERMAN

“RECORDED MUSIC IN AMERICAN LIFE”BY WILLIAM HOWLAND KENNEY

“RADIO READER”EDITED BY MICHELE HILMES & JASON LOVIGLIO

“A PASSION FOR POLKA”BY VICTOR GREENE



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RADIORADIO1920’S START1930’S VERY POPULAR

DEPRESSION –INEXPENSIVEHOMEENTERTAINMENT

1940’S WW II BOOM!1950’S TELEVISION

COMPETITIONTODAY – VERY COMPLEX,

MIXED RESULTS,MUCH CHANGE!!!



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RADIORADIO

PROVIDED MUSIC, ENTERTAINMENT, NEWS, ETC. IN THE HOME, AT ALMOST NOEXPENSE, 24/7, FROM THE WORLD!

HAD AN INITIAL NEGATIVE EFFECT ON SALE OF RECORDS AND PHONOGRAPHS

PORTABLE – COULD BE TAKEN ANYWHERE[BATTERY OPERATED / IN AUTOS]



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AUTOS ALSO MADE IT EASIER

TO GO TO WHERE THE MUSIC

WAS BEING PLAYED, INSTEAD

OF WAITING FOR IT TO COME

TO YOU – E.G. POPULARITY

OF DANCE BANDS & BALLROOMS



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MOVIESMOVIES

MANY WERE MUSICALSOR HAD ELABORATEMUSICAL ASPECTS

SO POPULARITY OF MUSIC FROM THE MOVIES

ON RADIO, TV, RECORDS,ETC.



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TELEVISION NATURALLY PROVIDED THE VERY ATTRACTIVE “VISUAL ASPECT”MISSING FROM RADIO

SO RADIO DECLINED / CHANGED TOBETTER ACCOMMODATE NEWAUDIENCES / MARKETS – “DRIVETIME,” MINORITIES, RELIGIOUS,TALK SHOWS, SPORTS, ETC.



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TELEVISION ALLOWED ORIGINAL

VAUDEVILLE SHOWS TO COME INTO

THE HOME, SO THERE WAS A REVIVAL

& MANY VAUDEVILLE STARS FOUND

TV AS A NEW OUTLET FOR THEIR

VISUAL ACTS THAT COULD NOT BE

AS POPULAR ON RADIO



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BRITISH BENNY HILL

IS A VERY GOOD

EXAMPLE OF HOW

TV MADE HIS CAREER

ONE OF FIRST IF NOT

FIRST FOR THIS TO HAPPEN



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BENNY HILL’S FACIAL EXPRESSIONS& VISUAL COMEDY COULD BE MOREEASILY APPRECIATED WITH THE “CLOSEUP” VIEW & DIFFERENTVIEWING ANGLES TV PROVIDED,COMPARED TO LARGE VENUEPERFORMANCES



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INTERNETINTERNET

ALLOWS “REAL TIME” BROADCASTOF BOTH RADIO AND TELEVISION

LOCAL STATIONS AVAILABLEWORLDWIDE

CAN INCREASE COMPETITION SOONLY BEST & / ORMOST POPULARSURVIVE



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FUTURE???FUTURE???NATURALLY, VERY COMPLEX,

SO ONLY TIME WILL TELLBUT THOSE WITH VERY SPECIFICLISTENING INTERESTS NOW HAVEMANY WAYS TO OBTAIN WHAT THEYLIKEALSO, MANY NEW FORMS OF LISTENINGARE MORE READILY AVAILABLE [E.G.,WORLD MUSIC]



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OTHER RELATED TOPICSOTHER RELATED TOPICS

TO MUSIC / COMMUNICATIONTO MUSIC / COMMUNICATION

THAT COULD BETHAT COULD BE

EXPLORED MOREEXPLORED MORE



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SOUND QUALITYSOUND QUALITYORIGINALLY YOU HAD TO BE VERY LOUD

TO BE HEARD IN LARGE VENUES[MEGAPHONES]

PERFORMERS ADJUSTED ACCORDINGLY, BUTINTIMATE & FINE DETAILS LOST

MICROPHONE GREATLY ASSISTED INAMPLIFYING MUSIC – INSTRUMENTS& VOICE – E.G. “CROONERS” OF1930’S – 1940’S



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ELECTRONIC REVOLUTIONELECTRONIC REVOLUTIONIN IMPROVING SOUND / VISUALIN IMPROVING SOUND / VISUALQUALITYQUALITYRECORDS

DISKS VS CYLINDERSMICROGROOVE33 1/3 RPMHI-FI [HIGH FIDELITY]STEREO

CD’S / DVD’S – DIGITAL VERSUSANALOG

HIGH DEFINITION – RADIO / TV



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HOME THEATER / ENTERTAINMENTCENTERS

SATELLITEBROAD BANDWIRELESSINTERNET

FUTURE???



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DRAMATIC IMPROVEMENT IN SOUND QUALITY HAS IMPORTANT / CRITICAL MILITARY / INTELLIGENCEIMPLICATIONS

E.G. “HUNT FOR RED OCTOBER”MOVIE AND USE OF SOUNDTO DETECT SUBS & NEWSILENT “CATERPILLAR” PROPULSION SYSTEM



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SOUND AVAILABILITYSOUND AVAILABILITY“LIVE”RECORDSRADIOTVCD’S / DVD’SCOMPUTERSIPODSWIRELESSSATELLITE – RADIO



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SOUND MANIPULATIONSOUND MANIPULATION

TRIVIAL TO MAKE YOUR OWN AUDIOCD’S / DVD’S AT HOME

IMPROVE QUALITYMODIFY TO YOUR SPECIFIC “TASTES” SYNTHESIZEDOWNLOAD FROM INTERNET

“SO WHAT IS REAL???”DOES IT REALLY MATTER???



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TYPES OF RADIOTYPES OF RADIO

1912 TITANIC & MARCONI & WANAMAKER OF PHILADELPHIA, PA

WIRELESSSHORT WAVELONG WAVEAM VS FMSCANNERSWALKIE / TALKIESMILITARY / SECURITY / EMERGENCYOTHER???



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COMMON COMMON INEXPENSIVEINEXPENSIVE MUSIC / MUSIC / COMMUNICATION SOURCESCOMMUNICATION SOURCESLIVE ENTERTAINMENTRECORDSPHONOGRAPH / RECORD PLAYERSRADIOTVINTERNETWIRELESSCD’S / DVD’SSATELLITEOF COURSE – PHONE – LAND LINE & CELL



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MARKETING KEYSMARKETING KEYS

MAKE IT INEXPENSIVEMAKE IT READILY AVAILABLE“GIVE PEOPLE WHAT THEY WANT”

[E.G., GUY LOMBARDO, ETC.]CREATE DEMAND IN CREATIVE

WAYS

BUY LOW SELL HIGH

““SIT BACK & PROFIT!!!”SIT BACK & PROFIT!!!”



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MUSIC / COMMUNICATIONMUSIC / COMMUNICATIONINDUSTRY INDUSTRY

DID ALL OF THESEDID ALL OF THESE& WAS / IS HIGHLY& WAS / IS HIGHLYSUCCESSFUL [?]SUCCESSFUL [?]

BUT EXPLOITATION, MORALS /BUT EXPLOITATION, MORALS /ETHICS, QUESTIONABLEETHICS, QUESTIONABLEBUSINESS PRACTICES, ETC.BUSINESS PRACTICES, ETC.



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BUT OVERALLBUT OVERALL

MANY PEOPLEWERE MADE HAPPY& SATISFIED

SO WHAT IS IT REALLYALL ABOUT???

YOUR PERSONAL VALUES / BELIEFS



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SOME BOOKSSOME BOOKS“EVOLUTION OF MODERN POPULAR MUSIC”BY MARK VINET

“AMERICAN POPULAR MUSIC”BY LARRY STARR & CHRISTOPHER WATERMAN

“RECORDED MUSIC IN AMERICAN LIFE”BY WILLIAM HOWLAND KENNEY

“RADIO READER”EDITED BY MICHELE HILMES & JASON LOVIGLIO

“A PASSION FOR POLKA”BY VICTOR GREENE



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OVERALL / CONCLUSIONOVERALL / CONCLUSIONWITH ALL CHANGES IN MUSIC / COMMUNICATIONINDUSTRIES & MUCH MORE TO COME

BEST APPROACH MAY BETO BE INDEPENDENT & PROVIDE YOUR OWN SPECIALIZED MUSIC / COMMUNICATIONWHEN & WHERE YOU WANT IT

THIS IS NOW VERY POSSIBLE& RELATIVELY VERY INEXPENSIVE



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SO SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY [ “ST” ]

CAN PROVIDE “MORE OPTIONS”

FOR CONSUMERS [SOCIETY – { “S” }] TO CONSIDER

FOR THEIR OWN PERSONAL SATISFACTION

HOWEVER, IT ALL DEPENDS ON THECONSUMER’S PERSONAL VALUES / BELIEFS – WHAT IS ULTIMATELY IMPORTANT & SATISFYINGTO THEM SPECIFICALLY / INTIMATELY



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““STS”STS”SCIENCE = NEUTRAL – JUST EXPLORE

NATURE TO UNDERSTAND ITBETTER [BASIC RESEARCH]

TECHNOLOGY = TO MAKE “$” FROM SCIENCE[APPLIED SCIENCE]DEPENDS ON WHAT SOCIETY[CONSUMERS] WANT

SOCIETY = CONSUMERS – WHAT DO THEYWANT & WHAT DO THEY WANTTO PAY FOR IT???



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SO SOCIETY IS BETWEEN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SO IT SHOULD BE:

“SST” = SCIENCE SOCIETY TECHNOLOGY

WHAT WANT CONSUMER WHAT WILL PAY $

SO “SOCIETY” SHOULD DETERMINE WHAT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SHOULD DO - NOT THE REVERSE!



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BUT HOW ARE “VALUES / BELIEFS”ULTIMATELY FORMED IN EACHINDIVIDUAL???

DEPENDS ON MANY FACTORS, NOTJUST EDUCATION

SO SHOULD HAVE PROGRAMS TODO THIS FIRST & NOT JUST SCI / TECH



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SOME OTHER ISSUESSOME OTHER ISSUESABUSE / MISUSE OF STS – MUSIC / COMMUNICATION

PROPAGANDARELIGIONRACESCANDALSPOLITICSGENDERREBELS / UNDERGROUNDPORNOGRAPHYMORALS / ETHICSNATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO [NPR]CULTURETALK RADIOREGULATIONPUBLIC INTERESTBUSINESS ASPECTSCHARACTER / INTEGRITY



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WHAT IS “GOOD” MUSIC / RADIO / TV???WHAT IS “GOOD” MUSIC / RADIO / TV???

QUALITYOBJECTIVE – MEET TECHNICAL SPECS

SUBJECTIVE – “HEDONIC” LIKE / DISLIKE

FROM MY ENOLOGY [WINEMAKING] EXPERIENCE – “BEST WINE???”

COMMON DENOMINATOR – MCDONALDS HAMBURGERS – POPULAR,INEXPENSIVE, BUT NOT QUALITY FOOD

LONGEVITY – ACHIEVED COMMON DENOMINATOR FOR LONGPERIOD???

PROFITABLE

CREATIVE / DIVERSE / DIFFERENT

Documents

SOCIETY OF STS - MUSIC COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 01/15/2007 1 “SOCIETY” SOME “SOCIETY” ISSUES OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY [STS] FRANK J. GADEK, PH.D