SOL REVIEWSOL REVIEWAfrican-American African-American

HistoryHistory

What group did What group did Europeans force to Europeans force to

come to the Americas?come to the Americas?

•AfricansAfricans

What trade pattern brought What trade pattern brought African-Americans to the African-Americans to the

English colonies?English colonies?

The Triangular The Triangular TradeTrade

What was the name of What was the name of the forced voyage of the forced voyage of

African slaves from their African slaves from their homes to the New World?homes to the New World?

The Middle The Middle PassagePassage

According to the SOLs, According to the SOLs, what were the 3 points in what were the 3 points in

the Triangular Trade?the Triangular Trade?

•New England coloniesNew England colonies

•the West Indiesthe West Indies

•Africa Africa

What was the What was the three-fifths three-fifths

compromise?compromise?

•A compromise between the A compromise between the northern states and the northern states and the southern states at the southern states at the

Constitutional Convention.Constitutional Convention.

•Slaves would count as 3/5 Slaves would count as 3/5 of a person in figuring the of a person in figuring the slave states’ population for slave states’ population for representation in the House representation in the House

of Representatives.of Representatives.

Define Define abolitionists.abolitionists.

• People who wanted to People who wanted to abolish (end) slavery abolish (end) slavery immediatelyimmediately

Who was one of the Who was one of the most important most important

abolitionistabolitionist leaders? leaders?

•William Lloyd William Lloyd GarrisonGarrison

What was the name of What was the name of the antislavery the antislavery

newspaper in Boston?newspaper in Boston?

•The LiberatorThe Liberator

Who wrote Who wrote Uncle Uncle Tom’s CabinTom’s Cabin??

•Harriet Beecher Harriet Beecher StoweStowe

Describe Describe Uncle Uncle Tom’s CabinTom’s Cabin..

• An antislavery novelAn antislavery novel

• Told the cruelties of Told the cruelties of slaveryslavery

Who was Gabriel Who was Gabriel Prosser?Prosser?

• African-American slaveAfrican-American slave

• Planned a slave revolt in Planned a slave revolt in Richmond, Va.Richmond, Va.

• Revolt crushed by Va. Revolt crushed by Va. militiamilitia

• Prosser and 35 slaves Prosser and 35 slaves were executedwere executed

Who was Nat Who was Nat Turner?Turner?

• An African-American slaveAn African-American slave

• Led a slave revolt in Led a slave revolt in Southampton County, Va.Southampton County, Va.

• Killed 55 whitesKilled 55 whites

• 100+ blacks were killed100+ blacks were killed

• Turner was captured and Turner was captured and executedexecuted

What was the What was the Supreme Court’s Supreme Court’s

decision in the decision in the Dred Scott case?Dred Scott case?

• Since Dred Scott was a slave, he Since Dred Scott was a slave, he could could notnot sue in federal court sue in federal court

• African-Americans were African-Americans were notnot citizens of the United Statescitizens of the United States

• Since Congress had Since Congress had nono power to power to prohibit slavery in the prohibit slavery in the territories, the Missouri territories, the Missouri Compromise was Compromise was unconstitutionalunconstitutional

What did the Dred Scott What did the Dred Scott decision say about the decision say about the

Missouri Compromise?Missouri Compromise?

• The Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise was was unconstitutionalunconstitutional..

In In Dred Scott v. SandfordDred Scott v. Sandford did the Supreme Court did the Supreme Court rule that Scott should rule that Scott should

remain a slave or gain his remain a slave or gain his freedom?freedom?

•Remain a slaveRemain a slave

Identify Identify Frederick Frederick Douglass.Douglass.

• Former African-American Former African-American slaveslave

• Important black abolitionistImportant black abolitionist

• Encouraged President Encouraged President Lincoln to recruit former Lincoln to recruit former slaves to fight in the Union slaves to fight in the Union armyarmy

What did the What did the Emancipation Emancipation

Proclamation do?Proclamation do?

• Freed all slaves who lived Freed all slaves who lived in states in states stillstill in rebellion in rebellion on Jan. 1, 1863on Jan. 1, 1863

Identify the 13th Amendment.

•Freed the Slaves

Identify 14th Amendment.

• Granted citizenship to African-Americans

• Forbid the states from denying any American “equal protection of the laws”

Identify the 15th Amendment.

•Gave African-American males the right to vote

What are the key words to remember the Reconstruction

Amendments?

• 13th = Freedom

• 14th = Citizenship

• 15th = Vote

What was the “Jim Crow Era”?

• The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the Southern states required racial segregation in public schools, transportation and other public facilities.

For what is “Jim Crow” a synonym?

•Racial Segregation

What political rights did African-Americans lose during

the “Jim Crow Era”?

• The right to vote

• The right to serve on juries

Define racial segregation.

• Separation of the races

• In the South, separation of blacks and whites

• What type of education did What type of education did Booker T. Washington Booker T. Washington advocate (call for/support) advocate (call for/support) for African-Americans?for African-Americans?

• Vocational educationVocational education

• How did the Supreme Court How did the Supreme Court rule in 1896 in the case of rule in 1896 in the case of Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson??

• Racial segregation was Racial segregation was constitutional (legal).constitutional (legal).

• What doctrine was established What doctrine was established by the Supreme Court’s by the Supreme Court’s decision in decision in Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson??

• The “Separate But Equal” The “Separate But Equal” DoctrineDoctrine

• What does racial What does racial segregation mean?segregation mean?

• Separation of the racesSeparation of the races

• For what does NAACP For what does NAACP stand?stand?

• National Association for National Association for the Advancement of the Advancement of Colored PeopleColored People

• What were three ideas in Booker What were three ideas in Booker T. Washington’s philosophy for T. Washington’s philosophy for the advancement of African-the advancement of African-Americans?Americans?

• 1) Vocational Education; 2) Self-1) Vocational Education; 2) Self-Help; 3) Economic SuccessHelp; 3) Economic Success

• What were W.E.B. DuBois’ What were W.E.B. DuBois’ ideas for the advancement of ideas for the advancement of African-Americans?African-Americans?

• Legal Rights and Political Legal Rights and Political Equality for African-Americans Equality for African-Americans NOW!NOW!

Identify the Identify the Plessy v. Plessy v. FergusonFerguson decision. decision.

• “Separate but equal” facilities were constitutional

• Racial segregation was legal

For what 2 things did For what 2 things did the NAACP work?the NAACP work?

• End legal segregation in the South

• Gain the right to vote for African-Americans in the South

Who was an early Who was an early leader of the NAACP?leader of the NAACP?

•W.E.B. DuBois

What Supreme Court What Supreme Court decision set forth the decision set forth the “separate but equal” “separate but equal”

doctrine?doctrine?

•Plessy v. Ferguson

What was the 1954 Supreme What was the 1954 Supreme Court decision in the Court decision in the Brown v. Brown v. Board of EducationBoard of Education decision? decision?

• Supreme Court declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional

What was the What was the constitutional basis of constitutional basis of the the

BrownBrown decision? decision?

• Racial segregation violated the “equal protection” clause of the 14th Amendment

What event made Rosa What event made Rosa Parks famous?Parks famous?

•The Montgomery Bus Boycott

What was the goal of the What was the goal of the 1963 March on Washington1963 March on Washington

•Gain passage of major civil rights laws by Congress

Who gave the “I have a Who gave the “I have a dream” speech at the dream” speech at the

March on Washington?March on Washington?

•Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

For what method of For what method of protest was Dr. King protest was Dr. King

known?known?

•Non-violent, mass protest

Identify the 1964 Identify the 1964 Civil Rights Act.Civil Rights Act.

• Outlawed racial, religious, and sex discrimination in public places and by employers

• Gave the federal government more power to enforce all civil rights laws

Identify the 1965 Voting Identify the 1965 Voting Rights Act.Rights Act.

• Outlawed literacy tests as a voting requirement

• Sent federal registrars to the South to register black voters

What was a literacy What was a literacy test?test?

•Person had to prove he could read and write in order to vote

Why did the Southern Why did the Southern states require literacy states require literacy

tests?tests?

• To keep African-Americans from voting