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SOLAR ENERGY FOR DOMESTIC DRINKING WATER

1. Raju Vishwakarma . !rakash Tiwari "

#.Y$%&'(ra Ni%am

1. Design Engineer, Crompton Greaves Ltd., LMGP, Mandideep Bhopal " # . M.Tech. Student (PT , Department o! Mechanical Engg, B"#T, Bhopal

A)s*ra+*

This paper consists o! a proposed solar $ater pumping s%stem !or a single stor%house. The proposed s%stem $ill &e used to pump government's suppl% $ater stored in anunder ground $ater storage tan) to overhead drin)ing $ater storage tan) o! a single stor%house. The pump $ill get the po$er &% a solar panel. Solar energ% is the &est rene$a&lesource o! energ%. Solar panel converts solar energ% to solar po$er. This solar $ater

pumping s%stem is proposed $ithout &atter% &ac)up that $ill reduce the initial cost. DC pump is proposed &ecause DC pumps uses one third to one hal! the energ% o! aconventional *C pump this $ill reduce po$er consumption. The motive o! this stud% is toreduce the initial cost o! solar pumping s%stem and to utili+e solar energ% to run pump$hich !urther results in reduction o! electricit% &ills.

e% $ords- Governments $ater suppl%, solar $ater pumping s%stem

1., I'*r$(u+*i$'

ater is the most precious thing in the $orld. Ever% living creature re/uires $ater !or survival. #n #ndia underground $ater level is going do$n rapidl% due to unnecessar% use o! !resh $ater. #ndia is developing countr% so due to !ast rate o! development in in!rastructureand industrial sector the consumption o! $ater is heavil% increased. That's $h% in all o! thema0or #ndian cities the ma0or part o! the population depends on government's $ater suppl%.

e )no$ that ground $ater level o! #ndore cit% is not as much as re/uired so 123 o! the population depends on government's $ater suppl%. Government supplies the $ater !or appro4imatel% 5 6 hours in morning or evening or &oth in morning and evening. e canconnect a centri!ugal pump to ta)e that $ater to our storage tan). * !amil% o! 6 mem&ersneeds appro4imatel% 522 liters o! $ater !or 5 da%s or more da%s depending upon the $ater consumption ha&its !or drin)ing and coo)ing purposes. #n #ndore cit% sun is availa&leappro4imatel% !or 723 da%s in a %ear. Solar energ% is the most popular and e!!icientsource o! rene$a&le energ%. Solar energ% is !ar more relia&le than an% other source o! energ%. This energ% is easil% availa&le across the countr%. This energ% can &e harnessed &%di!!erent means. 8ne o! the most important $a%s o! harnessing solar energ%

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is via solar $ater pump. #ndia receives average solar radiation o! 9.9)$h:s/.m per da%. ecan utili+e solar energ% to pump the $ater !rom governments suppl% to our overheaddrin)a&le $ater storage tan). * solar panel o! 52 $atts and a ;6.9 $att, ;5< DCcentri!ugal pump can do the re/uired 0o&. 8ne time investment and $e $ill get li!etimeservice. This paper descri&es a solar po$ered $ater pumping s%stem. This paper includes a

preliminar% design o! the solar po$ered $ater pump s%stem.

., M&*h$($-$%

8ur motto is to !ill the 522 litres $ater storage tan) placed at a vertical height o! ;9 !oot!rom the ground. e have to drive a centri!ugal pump !or that $e need solar po$er.Conversion o! solar energ% into electricit% gives us solar po$er. hen solar cell is e4posedto light, electron hole pairs are generated in proportion to the intensit% o! the light. P t%peand n t%pe semiconductors are used !or ma)ing solar cell. *s the solar cell e4posed to lightthe negativel% charged electrons move to the n t%pe semiconductor $hile the positivel%charged holes move to the p t%pe semiconductor. The% then moves to$ards their respective electrodes. To get electric po$er the electrodes are connected &% a $ire and as a

result current !lo$s. #t ta)es no time to give us the po$er output &ecause solar energ% isread% source o! energ%. The electric po$er is used to drive a centri!ugal pump.The $ater !rom the government's $ater suppl% is !irst stored in underground $ater tan).The pump suc)s the $ater !rom underground $ater storage tan) and delivers the $ater atthe top o! the overhead $ater storage tan). =or this $e have to design the s%stem. Thedesign must &e simple, relia&le, dura&le and !le4i&le and can &e easil% used.

#., E/0&rim&'*s Fig.3.1 Solar water pump system

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#.1 C$m0$'&'*s $ *h& s s*&m ar&

;. Solar panel,5. . Centri!ugal pump.6. Support structure,

9. Trac)ing s%stem,7. =oundations,?. Electrical connections,1. Earthing )it,@. ater piping.

;. Solar Panel- Solar panel is the main component in this s%stem. #t converts solar energ% intoelectric po$er. e are using a CEL's Solar Photovoltaic Modules, t%pe PM>2 a >2 $att solar

panel so that pump can get the re/uired voltage and $e can get ma4imum discharge.

5.

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2., O)s&r3a*i$'

2.1 S$-ar !a'&-

Ma4imum po$er rating >2 $att

Minimum po$er rating 51 $attated current ;.15aated voltage ;7.9v

2. C&'*ri u%a- !um0 Po$er ;6.9 $atts2 $atts and pump o! ;6.9 $atts.

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5., Dis+ussi$'

;. h% onl% 522 litreseason Because 522 litres o! $ater are su!!icient !or > ? da%s o! drin)ing and coo)ing

purposes !or a !amil% o! 6 mem&ers.

5. h% solar panel o! onl% >2 $atts is used.eason to minimi+e the initial cost o! the s%stem and $e need onl% ;6.9 $att po$er.

>. h% dc centri!ugal pumpeason &ecause it can $or) directl% on the output o! solar panel. e need inverter i! $e

have to use ac pump that $ill increase the cost o! the s%stem.

6. h% this s%stem is &atter% lesse have to store onl% 522 litres o! $ater and no need o! &atter% &ac)up !or this.

6., C$'+-usi$'

This paper descri&ed solar po$ered $ater pump s%stem. Components re/uired !or the s%stemare Solar panel,