Solar Standards Development vFinal Standards... · · 2017-08-28IEC 62109‐1/2/3/4 Safety of Power Converters ... Interconnection Equipment Construction Testing normal and abnormal

Solar Standards Development

An Overview of Product Standards

July 22, 2016

About SEIA• U.S. National Trade Association for Solar Energy

• Founded in 1974• 1,000 member companies from all 50 states

• Our Mission: Build a strong solar industry to power America

• Our Goal: 100 gigawatts of solar capacity by 2020

July 22, 2016 © 2016 Solar Energy Industries Association® 2

Speakers

Shawn Martin,Director of

Technical Services,ICC‐SRCC

Evelyn M. ButlerSEIA

Director, Codes & Standards

Scott Jezwinski,Business

Development Manager, UL LLC

July 22, 2016 3© 2016 Solar Energy Industries Association®

Joseph Cain, P.E.Chair, SEIA Codes

& Standards Working Group

Thomas KiggenSEIA

Director, Membership

Agenda

• Introduction• PV Standards• Solar Heating and Cooling• Structural


Standards DevelopmentJoe CainChair, SEIA Codes & Standards Working Group

Introduction

• How do standards go from voluntary to mandatory status?– Charging language in body of code– Inclusion in list of Referenced Standards

• International Building Code (IBC) Chapter 35• International Residential Code (IRC) Chapter 44

• Adoption– National: Referenced standard in the model codes– State or local jurisdictions:

• Option to modify adoption and/or establish effective date– Example: California fire classification of PV systems delayed in implementation

• Legislation– Subject of Webinar 3!


Example: 2015 International Building Code


PV StandardsScott JezwinskiBusiness Development Manager, UL [email protected]

Photovoltaic Systems – Safety First

August 2, 2016 © 2016 Solar Energy Industries Association® 9

Codes and Standards

Product Manufactures

System Owners

System Designers

and Installers

Authorities Having

Jurisdiction

Codes and Standards - Relationship


Step 1: Public Input Stage

Step 2:Public Comment Stage

Step 3:NFPA Technical Meeting

Step 4:Council Appeals and Issuance of Standard

Step 1: Proposal and STP formation

Step 2:STP Comment and Review

Step 3:Balloting and Public Comment

Step 4:STP Consensus and Issuance of Standard

Model Code Development Process

UL Standards Development Process

Reference Standards

UL 1703UL 2703UL 1741

(industry demand driven )

*STP - Standards Technical Panel

NFPA 70: National Electrical Code (NEC)

(3 year cycle)

UL PV Standards Timeline


North American Leader 1986 – UL1703 PV Modules and Panels 1999 – UL1741 Inverters and Converters 1999 – SU 1279 Solar Collectors

2005 – UL 4703 PV Wire 2007 – SU 2579 Low Voltage Fuse Holders 2007 – SU 5703 Name Plate Rating 2008 – SU 8703 Concentrator PV Modules 2010 – UL 2703 Mounting Systems 2010 – SU 4248‐18 Fuse Holders 2010 – UL 489B Circuit Breakers 2010 – UL 6703/A Connectors 2010 – SU 98B Dead‐Front Switches

2011 – SU 1699B Arc Fault Protection 2011 – UL 3703 Solar Trackers 2011 – UL 3730 Junction Boxes 2011 – SU 508i Disconnect Switches 2011 – SU 9703 Wiring Harnesses 2012 – UL 61215 Crystalline Module Type Approval 2012 – UL 61646 Thin‐film Module Type Approval 2012 – UL 62108 Concentrator Module Type Approval 2014 – UL 62109‐1 Power Converters

2000 > 2010 > 2020

International Collaborator

IEC 61215 Module Type Qualification ‐ Series IEC 61724 System performance monitoring IEC 61730‐1/2 Module safety IEC 61853‐1/2 Module performance IEC 62078 Guidelines quality system IEC 62093 BOS design Qualification IEC 62109‐1/2/3/4 Safety of Power Converters IEC 62446 System commissioning and Inspection IEC 62509 Battery charge controller performance IEC 62548 PV array design requirements IEC 62738 PV plant guidelines IEC 62804 System voltage durability for modules IEC 62938 Snow load testing IEC 62947 Energy performance

PV Standards System Reference


PV Modules• UL 1703• UL/IEC 61215• UL/IEC 61646• UL/IEC 62108• IEC 61730• UL-SU 8703

BIPV• UL 1703 / UL 790

Connector• UL 6703

Fuse• UL-SU 2579

Fuse Holder• UL-SU 4248-18• ANSI-UL4248-1

Combiner Box

Charge Controller

Inverter

BatteriesAC Loads

Grid Tied or Stand Alone

Many of the components or functions can be built into one product, such as the inverter.

PV Modules w/ Junction Box

Rack Mounting & Clamping Devices• UL 2703

Solar Trackers• UL 3703

Fire Test• UL 1703(roof mounted modules)

Polymeric Materials• UL 1703• UL 94• UL-SU5703• UL 746A/B/C

Roof or Ground mounted

Cable for PV• UL 4703• UL 9703• UL854 (USE-2)

Combiner Box• UL 1741

Charge Controller• UL 1741

Inverter• UL 1741• UL/IEC 62109 (PV+ only)• IEEE 1547

Storage• UL 1989• UL 2054• UL 9540• UL 1973

Disconnects• UL-SU 98B• UL-SU 508i

Circuit Breakers• UL 489B

Arc Fault Protection• UL 1699B

IEEE 1547 - Grid Interconnection Standard


UL 1741Interconnection Equipment Construction Testing normal and abnormal Protection against risks of

injury to persons and connected equipment.

Ratings, Markings and Instructions

Specific DR Tests for specific technologies

Production line testing Certifications address NEC and

electric utility interconnection needs.

IEEE 1547Interconnection System Requirements Voltage Regulation Grounding Disconnects Monitoring Islanding

IEEE 1547.1Interconnection System Testing Temperature Stability Response to Abnormal

Voltage Response to Abnormal

Frequency Synchronization Protection from EMI Surge Withstand Paralleling Device DC Injection Unintentional Islanding Reverse Power Open Phase Reconnect after disturbance Harmonics

UL 1741 references IEEE 1547 - Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems and works in conjunction with grid tied products that operate in parallel with or back-feed power to the utility grid.

UL1741SA for Grid Support Utility Interactive Inverters


Mandatory• Anti-Islanding• L/HVRT• L/HFRT• Must Trip Test• Normal Ramp Rate• Soft-Start Ramp Rate• Specified Power Factor • Volt/Var Mode

UL1741 Supplement Grid Support Utility Interactive created to “bridge the gap” until the IEEE 1547 and IEEE 1547.1 Grid Support revisions are completed.

Ballot closed on 6/16/2016Adoption approved but 200+ comments need to be resolved & recirculated.

Expected publication in lateAugust/early September

http://www.energy.ca.gov/electricity_analysis/rule21/

UL1741 - Rapid Shutdown


The 2017 NEC code panel meeting revised a 690.12 proposal to include new requirements for rapid shutdown protection internal to a PV array and includes the following options:

Option 1: List and label or field-label PV array as a rapid-shutdown PV array.Option 2: Limit control conductors within the array boundary to 80 V or less within 30 seconds of rapid-shutdown initiation.Option 3: Install nonmetallic PV array with no exposed wiring and array more than 8 feet from any grounded metal parts

* Implementation of Option 1 requires development of a safety standard for evaluation and certification of rapid-shutdown products for use in PV arrays. CMP 4 added a delayed adoption date, specifying that 690.12(B)(2) “shall become effective January 1, 2019.” to allow time for the standard’s development process

UL 1703 – Photovoltaic Modules and Panels


Recent proposed revisions with Bulletins Issued:April 1, 2016: Addition of Allowable PV Cable Connectors to Module Documentation and Revising the Reference to the Standard for Component Connectors for Use in Data, Signal, Control and Power Applications, UL 1977, to the Standard for Connectors for Use in Photovoltaic Systems, UL 6703.

April 29, 2016: Revision to Expand the Definition of Type 3 Module in the Section 16, Fire Performance.

Current Topics under discussion within the UL1703 STP:• Mechanical loads and groupings• Frames used as grounding conductors• Move fire testing requirements to UL 2703

UL 2703 – Mounting Systems, Mounting Devices


Recent proposed revisions with Bulletins Issued:

November 2, 2015: Addition of an Option for Including a QR Code for Installation Instructions.

Current Topics under discussion within the UL2703 STP :

• Bonding and grounding• Mechanical loading• Manuals and markings• Corrosion resistance

UL - IEC Standards Adoption Activities


IEC 61730-1/-2: Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification. IEC 62891: Indoor testing, characterization and evaluation of the efficiency of photovoltaic grid-connected inverters IEC 62509: Battery charge controllers for photovoltaic systems - Performance and functioningIEC 62093: Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic systems - Design qualification natural environmentsIEC 62738: Design guidelines and recommendations for photovoltaic power plantsIEC 62548: Photovoltaic (PV) arrays - Design requirements IEC 62446: Grid connected photovoltaic systems - Minimum requirements for system documentation, commissioning tests and inspection IEC 61724: Photovoltaic system performance monitoring - Guidelines for measurement, data exchange and analysisIEC 61215 -1./-1.1/-2 : Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type approvalIEC TS 62941: Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Guidelines for increased confidencein PV module design qualification and type approval

* US Technical Advisory Group assigned to UL

UL Standards Certification and Labeling

• Third-Party certification to UL standards for PV products is required by many programs and codes.

• Certification to a given standard may be done by an accredited certification body.

• Right to mark product with certification marks.• Online listings of certifications available from most certifiers


Want to learn more about UL Standards Development?


Find out how you can become involved in the UL standards development process:http://csds.ul.com/

Or learn more about UL Standards:http://UL.com/standards

Thank you!

Scott [email protected]

Solar Heating and CoolingShawn MartinDirector of Technical Services, [email protected]

Solar Heating & Cooling

• Solar thermal technology uses solar energy to directlyheat fluids.

• No electrical energy generation (usually).

• Applications:– Domestic water heating– Space heating (air and water)– Pool heating– Cooling


Standards in Solar Heating and Cooling

SHC Standards

Incentive Programs

Building Codes

Laws, Regulations

& Ordinances Other

Standards

Product Certification Programs


Key Standard Developers for SHC

• Solar Rating and Certification Corporation (ICC-SRCC)

• Underwriter’s Laboratories (UL)

• ASTM International • International Association of

Plumbing & Mechanical Officials (IAPMO)

• ENERGY STAR• Florida Solar Energy Center

(FSEC)July 22, 2016 24© 2016 Solar Energy Industries Association®

SRCC Solar Thermal Standards

• Non-profit organization certifying and rating solar thermal systems and components.– Established in 1980’s through the efforts of several states,

DOE and SEIA.• Current SRCC ANSI-approved standards

– ICC 901/SRCC 100-2015 Solar Thermal Collectors– ICC 900/SRCC 300-2015 Solar Thermal Systems

• Cited by dozens of incentive programs nationwide, IRS tax code, ICC International Residential Code (IRC), IAPMO Uniform Solar Energy Code (USEC)


UL Solar Thermal Standards

• UL 1279-2010 Outline of Investigation for Solar Collectors

• Addresses factory-built collectors used in active and thermosiphon systems.

• Referenced by the IAPMO Uniform Solar Energy Code (USEC)

• Where PV modules are used within solar thermal systems, compliance with UL 1703-2014 Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels is required


ASTM Solar Thermal Standards

• ASTM E44.25 Heat Metering– Committee E44 on Solar, Geothermal and Other

Alternative Energy Sources• Addresses performance and operational

characteristics for heat meters, regardless of energy source.

• Final draft nearly ready to be submitted to ASTM for ballot, final version ~ end of 2016.

• No current references.


IAPMO Solar Thermal Standards

• Non-profit association of plumbing and mechanical officials. – Develops related codes and standards and offers

certifications and ratings for solar thermal systems and components.

• Current IAPMO SHC standards– IAPMO S1001.1-2013 Design and Installation of Solar Water

Heating Systems– IAPMO S1001.4-2015 Energy Production Rating of Solar

Heating Collectors• Referenced by a limited number of incentive programs.


SHC Certification and Labeling

• Third-Party certification to several of the standards for collectors and systems is required by many programs and codes.– Certification to a given standard may be done by any accredited certification

body.• Right to mark product with certification marks.• Online listings of certifications available from most certifiers.


Getting Involved

• SEIA Codes and Standards Committee– Monitor standard development– Help to establish SEIA position

• Direct standard development – Contact the committee chair or staff secretariat– Participate in public comment periods

• SHC Industry groups– SEIA SHC Alliance– ICC-SRCC Codes and Standards Committee


StructuralJoe CainChair, SEIA Codes & Standards Working [email protected]

Referenced Standards for Structural Engineering

Structural standards directly referenced in IBC Chapter 35:• American Society of Civil Engineers/Structural Engineers Institute

– ASCE/SEI 7-10• Aluminum Association (AA)

– ADM1 2015• American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI)

– North American Specification (a family of standards)• American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)

– Manual of Steel Construction, 14th Edition• American Concrete Institute (ACI)

– ACI 318-14August 2, 2016 © 2016 Solar Energy Industries Association® 32

Example Referenced Standard – ASCE 7

Structural standards directly referenced in IBC Chapter 35• ASCE/SEI 7-10


Referenced Standards for Structural Engineering


AISI for Cold-Formed Steel (CFS)

AISC for Hot-Rolled Steel

AISC – American Institute of Steel Construction


American Concrete Institute - ACI 318-14

American Concrete Institute• ACI 318-14


ICC Acceptance Criteria AC 428 Modular Framing Systems

Additional guidance that is not a referenced standard• ICC Evaluation Services Acceptance Criteria 428• Acceptance Criteria for Modular Framing Systems

Used To Support Photovoltaic (PV) Panels• Required to obtain an evaluation report• Also useful as voluntary guidance • Wind calculation method specific to “flush

mounted” PV systems on sloping “pitched” roofs • Primary development conducted by Dr. Tim

Reinhold of IBHS and Todd Ganshaw, P.E., of Unirac

• Allows internal pressure set equal to zero (within constraints) in Components & Cladding method


ICC Acceptance Criteria AC 365 for BIPV

Additional guidance that is not a referenced standard• ICC Evaluation Services Acceptance Criteria 365• Applies to Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Roof

Covering Systems• Structural provisions are the same as for any other roof

covering materials and systems


FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets

Additional guidance that is not a referenced standard• FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 1-15• Roof Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Panels• Wind• Fire Exposure and Classification• Gravity Loads and Roof Drainage• Hail• Earthquake• Operation and Maintenance• Electrical• Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Testing and Ballasted PV Systems• PV Systems Fastened to Standing Seam Roofs• Fires and Electrical Ignition Sources


FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets

Additional guidance that is not a referenced standard• FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7-106• Ground-Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Power• Natural Hazards• Fire• Electrical• Lightning and Transient Protection• Hot Work• Supervision of Property


SEAOC Seismic white paper PV1, August 2012

• SEAOC developed seismic method to justify use of ballasted, non-penetrating PV mounting systems.

• Primary research conducted by Joe Maffei, PhD, S.E. of Maffei Structural Engineering and Rob Ward, S.E. of SunLink.

• Based on displacement method of analysis.

Incorporated with modifications into ASCE 7-16


• SEAOC developed low-profile wind calculation method based on combined solar-specific wind tunnel data points.

• Wind Tunnel Researchers: David Banks, Gregory Kopp, Timothy Reinhold.• Includes commentary on Effective Wind Area.

SEAOC Wind paper PV2, August 2012

Incorporated with modifications into ASCE 7-16


• SEAOC PV Systems Committee is actively working on new white papers

• Gravity Design Loads by primary author Gwen Searer of WJE

• Structural testing requirements by primary author Rob Ward of SunLink

• Also in progress is:– PV2 Wind update to ASCE 7-16– Rack stiffness/load sharing

Future DRAFT SEAOC White Papers in Development


SEIA Engagement

Codes & Standards Working Group

• Member and industry driven initiatives focused on existing, new and upcoming new codes and standards proposals and requirements

• Meets bi-weekly by teleconference, in-person at Solar Power International


SEIA Membership & Benefits

• Market & industry intelligence and research• Powerful advocacy and influence• New business development opportunities• Tools and programs to advance your business

• Upcoming SEIA Codes & Standards Webinars / Events:– Solar Installed: The People and the Process enabling Market Acceptance

and Implementation (August, free)• Exploring the Rules of Engagement: An Introduction to Codes & Standards and

the State of Regulations for Designing and Installing Solar (SPI, fee)


Q&A


SEIA Contacts

Membership:Thomas Kiggen,Director of MembershipE-mail: [email protected]: +1-202-540-5347

Codes & Standards:Evelyn M. ButlerDirector of Codes & StandardsE-mail: [email protected]: +1-202-681-4156


Thank you for attending!

Documents

Solar Standards Development vFinal Standards... · · 2017-08-28IEC 62109‐1/2/3/4 Safety of Power Converters ... Interconnection Equipment Construction Testing normal and abnormal