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Werner Weiss

AEE - Institute for Sustainable Technologies

A-8200 Gleisdorf, Feldgasse 2

AUSTRIA

Applications for Solar Thermal Systems

A sustainable energy future

Source: NASA / NOAA

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A sustainable energy future

Gravity driven systems

fsol = 70 – 90%

700 – 1000 kWh/kWth

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Gravity driven systems

Gravity driven system - Albania

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CHINA

Gravity driven systems

Three different types of

evacuated tube collectors:

all-glass

U-tube

heat-pipe

Gravity driven systems

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absorber

storagetank

Thermosyphon Systems for Hot Water Preparation

THERMOSYPHON SYSTEMS

6

Non pressurized storage tanks

8

6

4

3

2

12

1

711

510

9

Pumped Hot Water Systems

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Small-scale Systems for Hot Water Preparation

fsol = 50 – 70%

500 – 650 kWh/kWth

Pumped Hot Water Systems

fsol = 20 – 50%

450 – 550 kWh/kWth

Solar Combi Systems for SFH

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Solar Combi Systems for SFH

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Multi-Family Houses

Large-scale Solar Heating Systems

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System with short-term storage – Müllheim, D

System with medium-term storage

Gneis-Moos, A

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System with medium-term storage

Gneis-Moos, A

colle

ktor

are

a

T2

T3

energy storage

cold water

warm water

cold water

warm water

cold water

warm water

System with medium-term storage

Gneis-Moos, A

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PV Pumped System: Hotel Villa Paraiso

Nicaragua

Pumped Systems for Hotels – Los Altos

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Pumped System: Hotels Teodolinda

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Large-scale Plants in Europe

Source: Jan-Olof Dalenbäck, 2008

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

141979

1980

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1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

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1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

No of plants

Closed (12)

OTH (14)

ES (13)

AT (14)

CH (7)

GR (14)

DE (18)

NL (8)

DK (10)

SE (22)

Local District Heating – Hamburg, Germany

Source: ITW, University Stuttgart

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Wärmeübergabestation mitdirekter Heizungsanbindung

und Trinkwasserbereitungim Durchflußprinzip

Wärmeübergabestation mitindirekter Heizungseinbindung

und Trinkwasserbereitungmit Speicherladesystem

Kaltwasser

Hydraulische Weicheoder Pufferspeicher

Kaltwasser

Heiz-

kessel

TW ZK

Langzeit-

Wärmespeicher

Solarnetz

Wärmeverteilnetz

Heizzentrale

Kol

lekt

orfe

ld

Kol

lekt

orfe

ld

Wärme-übergabe-station

Wärme-übergabe-station

Local District Heating with Seasonal Storage

Source: ITW, University Stuttgart

Solar Assisted - Biomass District Heating, Austria

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District Heating – 3MWth, AEVG, Graz, Austria

Source: S.O.L.I.D.

District Heating – 1 MWth, Graz

Source: S.O.L.I.D.

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Marstal, Denmark 12.8 MWth (18.365m2)

Solar District Heating

Solar yields: 400 – 460 kWh/m².a

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Source: Gadhia Solar Energy Systems

, www.gadhiasolar.net

India

Solar Heat for Cooking

Source: Solution

Space Heating of Factory Buildings

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Air Collector Systems for Dying

Main Applications

Coffee Drying

Tea Drying

Maize Drying

• Tobacco Drying

Temperature range for the processes: 30 - 80 C

Heat carrier: air

Recommended Collector Types:

glazed or unglazed air collector

Solar Wall ®

Coffee drying, Coopeldos, Costa Rica

Installed capacity: 595 kWth (850 m² Air collector)

Air based Drying System

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Open Process - Water

Main Applications

cleaning of:

• bottles

• textile

• cars

Temperature range for the processes: 40 - 90 C

Heat carrier: water

Recommended Collector Types:

flat-plate collector

Built Examples

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Installed Capacity: 357 kWth (510 m²)

Washing Process – CONTANK, Barcelona

40 m³

Container Washing

Closed Systems

Main Applications :

• Textile Industry

• Tanneries

• Dairy

• Breweries

Temperature range for the processes : 60 - 110 C

Heat carrier: Water / Steam

Recommended Collector Types : FK, CPC, VR

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Textile Industry Hangzhou China 13000㎡ (9 MWth)

Membrane Distillation

70 kWth anti-reflective double glazed flat plate collector

Annual useful solar heat: 89 MWh/a

Annual specific useful solar heat: 1271 kWh/kW*a

Solar fraction: 100%

Seawater Desalination – Gran Canaria, Spain

Fraunhofer ISE, Germany

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Source: FICHTNER SOLAR GmbH

El NASR Pharmaceutical Chemicals, Egypt

Installed Capacity: 1,33 MWth

(1900 m² Parabolic Trough Collectors)

Steam: 1,3 t/hr / 170 C, 7,5 bar

Built Examples

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Source : Fraunhofer ISE, Solarnext

Thermally Driven Systems : Basic Process

Thermal

driven cooling

processheat

chilled

water

conditioned

air

Source : Fraunhofer ISE, Solarnext

Thermally Driven Systems : Basic Process

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Conditioned

area

Supply air system

Chilled ceiling

Fresh air

Fan coil

~18°C

Closed cycle systems

Medium : chilled water

15 - 18°C

(< 12°C)

6 - 9°C

Chilled water -

temperature

Driving

temperature

> 60°C

Chiller (thermally driven)

Source : Fraunhofer ISE

Supply air

> 50°C

Return air

Desiccant Evaporative

Cooling (DEC)

Open cycle system

Medium : air conditioning

Driving

temperature

Conditioned

area

Source : Fraunhofer ISE

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Solar Collectors

for Cooling

Solar Cooling System for the German BMVBW

Source: Jan Albers, IMBE, TU Berlin

Source: IEA SHC Task 33

Large-scale Solar Cooling in Greece

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