Solid Waste Management City Profile · 2018-03-13 · Waste Management Practice The bulk of the waste is collected in bulk and disposed of at the Andranalitra landfill operated since

Solid Waste Management City Profile

Climate and Clean Air Coalition Municipal Solid Waste Initiative http://waste.ccacoalition.org/

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ANTANANARIVO - Madagascar

City Information

Population: 2,287,322 inhabitants (year 2016)

Area (km2): 87 km2 (8 700 ha)

Climate: The city has a tropical climate characterized by a rainy season from November to March, and a dry season from April to October Average annual rainfall: 1360mm per year

Main Economic Activities: Local industrialization (food, tobacco, textiles), trade, transport City website: https://mairie-antananarivo.mg

https://mairie-antananarivo.mg/


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Country Information Population: 24, 313,180 inhabitants

Area (km2): 587,041 km2

Economy and GNI/Capita According to WB classification Madagascar is a country classified as Low Income Economy ($1,005 OR LESS)

- 510 USD/per Capita in year 2008 - 448 USD/per Capita in year 2010 - 401 USD/per Capita in year 2014

(Sources: INSTAT Madagascar)

Main Economic Activities

- primary sector (agriculture): 24.8 % of GDP - secondary sector (industry): 16.2 % of GDP - tertiary sector (services): 59 % of GDP

(Sources: INSTAT Madagascar).

Government Agencies responsible for guidance on waste legislation 1) Ministry of Water Energy and Hydrocarbons (MWEH)

http://www.mineau.gov.mg/

2) Ministry of State in charge of Presidential Projects of Spatial Planning and equipment (MSPPSPE) (Technical supervision) http://www.mepate.gov.mg/

http://www.mineau.gov.mg/

http://www.mepate.gov.mg/


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MSW Sector Overview: City Level Classification of MSW Waste types classified as MSW for Antananarivo city:

- Household Waste - Commercial Waste - Ordinary Industrial Waste (OIW)

MSW Generation For Year 2016 in Antananarivo city,

- 500 923 tons generated per year - 219 kg/per Capita/year - 0.6Kg/per Capita/day

Collection Coverage and Type In Ton/per year, 261 186 Tons are collected in 2016. Approximately 53% of the waste generated is formally collected and disposed. There is no selective waste collection Waste Composition

- Organic Waste: 45.37% - Papers and cardboard: 4% - Plastics: 6% - Metal: 1% - Glass: 0.76% - Textile: 3.45% - Others and fine part of waste: 39.42%

(Source SAMVA 2003) Waste Management Practice The bulk of the waste is collected in bulk and disposed of at the Andranalitra landfill operated since 1966, which is an open-air landfill without any treatment (no gas treatment or leachate collection pond).

Landfill description: overall capacity and tonnages of buried waste: 1,050,000 tonnes (approximately 2100,000 m3: 18ha * 15 to 20m height)


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Formal Waste Sector Collecting, transporting waste in Urban Community of Antananarivo (UCA) is managed by SAMVA which is a service created by Law 95- 035 whose mission is the operation of sanitation works including three strands: wastewater, household garbage - waste products - Law of creation of SAMVA (Presidency of the Republic of the Council of the government)

Collection description: Wastes are collected from 320 bins placed in six boroughs, transported by 35 rented trucks in the landfill of Andranalitra. The landfill of Andranalitra is also managed by the SAMVA.

Pre-collection description: Waste are collected in door-to-door by association agents in neighborhoods (Called RF2) without a contract but governed by a municipal decree create in 2014. The pre-collection waste is sent to the SAMVA bins for collection. There are 44 neighborhoods who are working in pre-collection in 2016.

Recycling and composting description: Since 2016, a pilot project of composting is carried out on the landfill to treat the organic fraction of the waste. This project is operated by Madacompost society with the financial support of French Development Agency and technical support of GEVALOR Ngo.

Informal Waste Sector The informal sector is particularly important in the commune of Antananarivo, particularly in the recovery of materials. Number of waste pickers in Andranalitra Landfill: 300-400 waste pickers (more or less) in 2017. Number of waste picker in the city: Unknown. Type of materials recovered by the informal sector: Organic Waste, Papers, Plastics, animal bones, metal.


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Financing of MSW Pre-collection financing: direct payment of users to neighborhood associations

- 500 à 2 000 Ar / pet month (1$ USD = 3 000 Ar)

Collection financing: Fee on household waste collected at the rate of 4 to 8% on the IFBP / property taxes on the built properties). Financing also from SAMVA's own fund. SAMVA bills collection of ordinary industrial waste following the service provision (collection from private companies and industries).

Since SAMVA is a body attached to MEEH and one with the Ministry of Planning as Technical Supervision: a budget PIP (public investment program) is planned as subsidy / annual by both ministry.

Waste Management Challenges - Investment in rolling stock for collections - Increase the storage capacity of the Andranalitra landfill pending the opening of a new site - Research and construction of a new landfill site (CETV) - Increase valorization waste on intermediate centers to reduce tonnages to collect and bury - Initiation of selective collection at source

Technical Assistance

- Technical Assistance according by Madacompost Society and Gevalor NGO for a pilot project of a rehabilitation of Adranalitra landfill through the combination of excavation associated with fresh garbage composting

- Carry out a feasibility study to develop recovery and sorting at source in order to reduce the amount of waste to be buried

- Support for planning at the collection and transport sector level in order to reduce the number of trips to be made in landfill and optimize the collection circuits


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MSW Sector Overview: Country Level

General description and overview of common practice A study conducted by INSTAT in 2012-2013 on the distribution of households by household waste disposal method by

region (%) gives the following results:

o More than 50% of households throw away their waste o About 20% burn their waste o About 10% bury them o About 10% put them in the public collection bins

Waste Generation (per capita/year) - Waste Generation: 292kg/per Capita/year

(source: World Bank 2012 UFC) - Waste Generation projection for 2025: 401.5Kg/per capita/year

(source: World Bank 2012 UFC)

This statistic data can be specified with the annual production of waste in each regional chief town


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Estimated production of household waste by county seat (Kg / city / day)

1993 2000 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023 Antananarivo-Renivohitra

426 142 526 601 575 357 661 851 756 562 860 713 973 192

ANTSIRABE I 75637 93468 102122 117474 134285 152771 172735 TSIROANOMANDIDY

102 186 126 276 137 967 158 708 181 419 206 394 233 365

MIARINARIVO 85 477 105 628 115 408 132 757 151 754 172 645 195 207 Fianarantsoa I 65 556 1 952 925 2 163 782 2 553 600 2 999 458 3 508 525 4 076 400 AMBOSITRA 104 146 132 924 147 276 173 808 204 155 238 804 277 456 TOAMASINA I 82 669 104 055 114 625 133 980 156 071 181 004 208 427 FENOARIVO-ATSINANANA

111 088 139 826 154 029 180 038 209 724 243 227 280 078

AMBATONDRAZAKA

110 870 139 552 153 727 179 685 209 313 242 750 279 529

Mahajanga I 64 068 79 011 86 414 100 177 115 918 133 391 152 237 Maevatanana 50 355 62 100 67 918 78 735 91 107 104 840 119 653 Maintirano 24 889 30 694 33 569 38 916 45 031 51 819 59 140 TOLIARY I 48 496 59 276 64 620 74 442 85 498 97 657 110 746 MORONDAVA 38 442 46 988 51 224 59 009 67 773 77 412 87 788

TAOLANARO 101 737 124 353 135 563 156 168 179 361 204 869 232 330 ANTSIRANANA 572 839 693 880 753 772 864 000 986 727 1 119 585 1 260 600 ANTALAHA 89 810 108 787 118 177 135 459 154 700 175 530 197 638 ANTSIRANANA I 35 424 42 909 46 613 53 429 61 019 69 234 77 955 TOTAL 2 189 831 4 569 253 5 022 163 5 852 236 6 789 875 7 841 170 8 994 476

Source: INSTAT, RAJAOMANANA H - Management and treatment of household waste in developing countries. Thesis: Science and technology (pollution) - Treatment: ONE

Collection Coverage 2014: 48% (source: COI Waste Management, December 2014)

Number of Landfills/MSW Disposal rate (tons/year) There is no landfill inventory. An estimate was made by the Ministry of Environment team giving the following results:

- In Urban Communities: 72 Landfill/ Dumpsites. Average surface: 10-15 Ha - In Rural Communities: 1 477 Landfill/Dumpsites. Average surface: 2-5 Ha

Recycling Rate Identification of recyclable waste in Madagascar:

- Paper and cardboard: 89,681 Tons / year - Metal: 13,797 tons/year - Plastics: 68,985 Tons/year - Tires: 666 Tons/year Source: Diagnostic Study for Optimized Waste Management in the Indian Ocean (IOC / AFD-December 2014)


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Some industries and society well known are operating in recycling in Madagascar:

Industries Waste Type Product SMTP Plastics: LDPE Pipes, tanks

SACOPLAST Plastics: LDPE, HDPE, PP Bags, sachets VITAPLAST Plastics: LDPE, HDPE, PP Sachets, buckets

MADACOMPOST Plastics: LDPE, HDPE, PP Self-locking pavers M’IHARISOA Plastics: PET Self-locking pavers

SPAH Paper paper cloth

Madagascar also experiences recycling experiments under a traditional model: - Recycled aluminum in art object and kitchen utensils in the city of Ambatolampy - Recycled metal in art object in the city of Ambohimanambola

Waste management of Organic fraction (composting, anaerobic digestion) Some large-scale composting sites (windrow composting) for waste management in the cities of Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga and Toliara could be cited and summarized:

- Association TAFITA in the city of Ambohimanambola procuce 12 tons/per year of compost - FAKOFIA in the city of Fianarantsoa produce 1800 tons/per year of compost - MADACOMPOST Society in the cities of Mahajanga and Toliara produce more than 1500-2000 tons/per year of

compost

Several smaller scale experiments exist but are not inventoried.

Energy Recovery Rate The production of energy from waste is only at its stage of experimentation in Madagascar. As a result, the energy recovery rate is not yet available and is not determined


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Plans, Strategies, Policies (incl. financial instruments) & National Objectives

City Level Aimed at improving Waste Management in General

A master plan for waste management is in progress. Several entities participate in the realization of this master plan (Artelia Group / World Bank / PIAA / Creation of a planning department for this purpose)

Aimed at addressing Climate change and reducing SLCPs through waste related activities

No information available

Country Level Aimed at improving Waste Management in General

National sanitation policy and strategy (NSPS): The National Sanitation Policy and Strategy mainly concerns the management of domestic solid waste, excreta (latrinisation and dumping), wastewater and rainwater. National Sanitation Policy and Strategy aims to organize and promote actions to improve sanitation and hygiene throughout the Malagasy territory

General State Policy: Strategic Area 6: Water and Sanitation - Ensure sanitation at all levels - Sizing levels of collection services by planning the development of their urbanization - Rational and secure operation of current landfills, and new smaller sites for one or two municipalities

Aimed at addressing Climate change and reducing SLCPs through waste related activities

General State Policy: Strategic Area 16: preservation of the environment

- Adapt and mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on sustainable development policies and strategies


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Legislation

City Level Legislation governing MSW management Water code 98-029 lays down responsibility and commitment of the municipality for the disposal of household waste

Guidance for MSW management (after legislation, before inspection activities) Lays down by Municipal Code of Hygiene

Inspection activities/supervision and enforcement of legislation The municipality monitors, inspects and issues sanctions through approved hygiene inspectors

National Level Legislation governing MSW management

- Law No. 99-021 of 19/08/1999 on the Management and Control of Industrial Pollution Policy

- Law No. 88-022 of 20 January 1999 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal

- Decree N ° 2012-753 of 07/08/12 prohibiting the import of waste under the Basel Convention until the installation of appropriate treatment centers.

- Decree No. 2012-754 of 07/08/12 laying down the management procedure for end-of-life products, sources of waste and hazardous waste harmful to the environment as part of the implementation of the Basel Convention.

- Decree N ° 2012-900 of 23/01/13 prohibiting the importation, distribution, sale, use and reduction of some pesticide active ingredients in agriculture and chemicals in the industrial sector in the context of the application of the Rotterdam Convention and the Stockholm

- Decree N ° 2006-680 of 12/09/2006 adopting the National Policy of Waste Management of Care and Safety of Injections

Guidance for MSW management (after legislation, before inspection activities) No information available

Inspection activities/supervision and enforcement of legislation No information available

Current Projects or Activities Aimed at Reducing SLCP Emissions - Project for the establishment and authorizing the marketing on the national market of biofuel resulting from the

treatment of waste according to the decree 2017-622 passes in council of governor of the 25/07/17

- Pilot project on the valorization and the improvement of the development of the site of Andralanitra (site of municipal discharge (city of Antananarivo)

- Pilot project on collection and treatment of LBC lamps


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Key Stakeholders - SAMVA - Ministstere of Energy and Hydrocarbon Water (MEEH) - WWF - Municipality of Antananarivo

Additional Useful Information

Contacts

MSW Initiative City Lead CUA : Lalao RAVALOMANANA Email : [email protected]

MSW Initiative City Representative: Fanja Rakotoaritera Email: [email protected]

Chef Executive of SAMVA: RATOLOJANAHARY Damy Jean Baptiste Email : [email protected]

MSW Initiative Country Contact

Documents

Solid Waste Management City Profile · 2018-03-13 · Waste Management Practice The bulk of the waste is collected in bulk and disposed of at the Andranalitra landfill operated since