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Some collection directions. Lorcan Dempsey With contributions from Brian Lavoie CRL Retreat October 6-7 2006 Chicago. Overview. Some topics. Reflections on collection directions Rareness is common The long tail and library logistics Aggregate collections Open for business - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Programs and Research
Some collection directions
Lorcan Dempsey
With contributions from Brian Lavoie
CRL RetreatOctober 6-72006Chicago
Programs and research 3
Some topics
1. Reflections on collection directions2. Rareness is common3. The long tail and library logistics4. Aggregate collections5. Open for business6. Access to scale: moving to the network level7. Conclusions
Programs and research 5
high low
low
high
stewardship
uni
que
ne
ssBooksJournalsNewspapersGov. docsCD, DVDMapsScores
Special collectionsRare booksLocal/Historical newspapersLocal history materialsArchives & Manuscripts, Theses & dissertations
Research and learning materials •ePrints/tech reports•Learning objects•Courseware•E-portfolios•Research data
Freely-accessible web resourcesOpen source softwareNewsgroup archives
Programs and research 6
Ingest into local collections
•Opportunity costs?•How many times do you pay for it?•The end of publishing - through the gates?
Focus of much digitallibrary activity.Why?
New behaviors and support for research and learning
Digital ‘record’ more important(prospectus, course catalog, student records)
Programs and research 7
Special: primary materials?
Curatorial responsibility for
more unique materials?
Institutional Capacities?Sourcing?
Examples•Thematic research collection•Curated databases
Programs and research 8
Managing digital?
An archival perspective?
ProvenanceEvidential integrityVersioning
Institutional Capacities?Sourcing?
Programs and research 10
University of Minnesotahttp://www.lib.umn.edu/about/mellon/KM%20JStor%20Presentation.pps
Programs and research 12
Securing the scholarly record
Community?How?
Institution?
The scholarlyrecord ain’twhat it used tobe?
Securing?
Programs and research 14
Mature?Institutional maturity – an industry and cooperative structures
•Structures under pressure•Libraries organized around this quadrant (‘owned’)•Emerging techniques for licensed•New systems framework for licensed
Institutional immaturity Organizational models for collective activity, reducing costs, etc, in development. Commodity systems not available
Programs and research 16
Rareness is common … in the G5
G5 aggregate collection:• 10.5 million books• ~60 percent represent unique contribution by one or another of the G5 libraries
61%Held by 1
20%Held by 2
10%Held by 3
6%Held by 4
3%Held by 5
Programs and research 17
TRLN collection analysis
http://www.trln.org/TaskGroups/CollectionAnalysis/TRLN_CollAnalysis_June2Report.pdf
Programs and research 18
… and beyond
System-wide print book collection (as of January 2005)• ~32 million print books
37%Held by 1
5%Held by > 100
3%Held by 51 - 100
5%Held by 26 - 50
20%Held by 6 - 25
30%Held by 2 - 5
Programs and research 20
Library “Inventory”
20% head 80% long tail
Libraries aggregate supply at the local level…
“About the only places you could explore outside themainstream were the library and the comic book shop.”
Chris Anderson, “The Long Tail”
Programs and research 21
The long tail
Impact?
Systemwide efficiences
Aggregation of supply•Unified discovery•Low transaction costs
Aggregation of demand
Programs and research 22
Libraries and the long tail dynamic
Aggregate supply?
1.7% of circulations are ILLs (60% of aggregate G5
collection owned by one library only)
Aggregate demand?
20% of collection accounted for 90% of use
(2 research libraries over ~4 years)
Each reader his/her book
Each book its reader
Programs and research 23
Limited aggregation of supply at network level:Fragmented discoveryManagement data not usedHigh transaction costs – find it/get itFragmented inventory/shipping
But the global library resource is diffused across thousands of locations …
Leads to weak gravitational pull and low network visibility for libraries and library collections
Limited aggregation of demand at network level:Difficult to mobilize a large number of usersNot projected into user environments
Programs and research 24
Get real about …
Logistics Inventory Supply chain Management information
D2D
Programs and research 26
Aggregate collections
Collection development Mass digitization Off site storage Discovery to delivery
Find it – get it Preservation
Thinking about collections in aggregate terms
Opportunity costs Space Attention/value
On demand Print on demand Buy on demand Digitize on demand
Logistics: very inefficient Management data:
holdings, circulation, …
Programs and research 27
SELECT
USE
DESCRIBE
PRESERVE
DISCLOSE
STORE
DIGITIZE
ECONOMICS RIGHTS
Mass Digitization Issues Framework
Programs and research 28
Best practices + organizational contexts for:
Off site storage (see NAST) Mass digitization Preservation D2D
?
Programs and research 30
Open
This means that any use of “Open” is likely to be fuzzy and confusing. The “Open Access” movement is broad and supports several major points of view which, though overlapping, have significant differences either in pragmatics or philosophy. Moreover “Open Foo” does not imply “Open Bar”. Thus “Open Access” publications will not by themselves ensure “Open Data”.
Peter Murray Rust
Programs and research 33
In the lone houses and very small villageswhich are scattered about in so desert a country as the Highlands of Scotland, everyfarmer must be butcher, baker and brewerfor his own family.
Adam Smith
Programs and research 34
Trajectory …
Then Cataloging & resource sharing A&I and e-Journals Collections
Now Growing realization that much more can be done
at the network level
Programs and research 35
Multilevel approach to …
Collections Shared offsite storage Aggregate and analyse
digital collections Institutional repository Digital storage and
preservation
Social and consumer environments Social networking services:
tagging, reviews, recommendations
Share mobilizing approaches
Virtual reference
D2D Consolidated discovery Knowledge base Resolution - Service
routing – fulfilment
Business intelligence Synthesize and mobilize
shared usage data Recommendation,
management decisions Digitization and offsite
storage