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Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing Some of us are actually aware, you knowA study of psychosocial nursing, in the encounter between the awake intubated patient and the critical care nurse Kilde: www.jeffreygwilkinson.com Lotte Abildgren Schultz Supervisor: Lise Hounsgaard, Associate Professor, Research Unit in Nursing, University of Southern Denmark

Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

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Page 1: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

“Some of us are actually aware, you know”A study of psychosocial nursing, in the encounter between the awake intubated patient and the critical care nurse

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Lotte Abildgren Schultz

Supervisor:Lise Hounsgaard, Associate Professor, Research Unit in Nursing, University of Southern Denmark

Page 2: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Aim

… to develop knowledge of the encounter between the intubated critical care patient and the nurse

"being a living dead"

"being a garbage can for pipes and hoses"

"loneliness"

Page 3: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Flow chart

Preparations

8 h.Descriptive observation

24 h.Focused

observation

12 h.Selected

observation

Structural analysis

Critical interpretation

Interactio

nal N

ursin

g P

ractice -C

ritical herm

eneu

tics–

Eth

nog

raph

y

New recognition/realisation

Naivereading

Critical Care Patient’s lifeworldPrefiguration - preconception

Data Collection Configuration

Analysis & interpretation Refiguration

Dialogue with nursing

practice

Page 4: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Data collection

Three phases of participant observation:

A descriptive phase (8 h.)

A focused phase (24 h.)

A selective phase (12 h.)

A total of 44 hours of participant observation

Page 5: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Interpretation

A phenomenological hermeneutic approach

Ricoeur inspired interpretation theory

To obtain a deeper understanding of being-in-world -through tales of the participants life world

Text interpretation

A continuous dialectical movement between units and wholes - between description and understanding

To understand a possible way of ”being in the world” in which critical reflection can increase awareness of variations in the phenomenon

Page 6: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Findings

The three themes emerged:

Contact Information Interaction

Contact in the encounter emerged as a dominant finding

Page 7: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Theme I: Contact

Contact was defined as:

Nurse's ability to establish and maintain contact in the encounter with the awake intubated patient, in order to ensure an experience of intimacy and caring in the patient-nurse relation.

Page 8: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Theme II: Information

Information was defined as:

Nurse's practice in the encounter with the awake intubated patient, in terms of providing information, psychosocial care, and nursing interventions.

Page 9: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Theme III: Interaction

Interaction was defined as:

Nurse's ability to communicate, collaborate, involve, create and maintain a patient-nurse relation with the awake intubated patient in the encounter - Interactions in critical nursing care are depending on the patient's resources

Page 10: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Concluding Suggestions

Divergence between the Critical care nurse's intention and action in the encounter

Patient's psychosocial needs are being overlooked, despite the fact that the nurse consider the basis of care as good and professional

Direct contact in the encounter increases:• The critical care nurses ability to read, assess and

interpret the patients psychosocial needs• The critical care patients possibility to receive

psychosocial care

Page 11: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

QUESTIONS ?

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Page 12: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Discussion

How many of your patients are sedated when intubated? How many are awake?

Do nurses do, what they think they do, in the Critical care nursing?

How do you, in your daily critical care practice, meet the critical care patients psychosocial needs?

Page 13: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

Thank you for your attention

Contact info:

Lotte Abildgren SchultzProject CoordinatorCCRN, Msc NursingAnaesthesiology & Critical Care Unit Odense University Hospital, Denmark

[email protected]

Page 14: Some of us are actually aware, you know - EfCCNA 22/Session 22.8... · “Some of us are actually aware, you know ... C. N. & Varney, K. ... Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College

Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

References

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Almerud, S., Alapack, R. J., Fridlund, B., & Ekebergh, M. (2007). Of vigilance and invisibility - being a patient in techologically intense enviroments. Nursing in Critical Care, 12, 151-158.

Almerud, S., Alapack, R. J., Fridlund, B., & Ekebergh, M. (2008). Beleaguered by technology: care in technologically intense environments. Nursing Philosophy, 9, 55-61.

Badger, J. M. & O'Connor, B. (2006). Moral discord, cognitive coping strategies, and medical intensive care unit nurses: insights from a focus group study. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 29, 147-151.

Bauer, J. (2006). Hvorfor jeg føler det, du føler: intuitiv kommunikation og hemmeligheden ved spejlneuroner. (1. udgave ed.) Valby: Borgen.

Beeby, J. P. (2000). Intensive care nurses' experience of caring. Part 2: Research findings. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 16, 151-163.

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Berg, L. & Danielson, E. (2007). Patients' and nurses' experiences of caring relationsship in hospital: an aware striving for trust. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 21, 500-506.

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Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

References

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Burchardi, H. (2004). Aims of sedation/analgesia. Minerva Anestesiol., 70, 137-143. Egerod, I., Schwartz-Nielsen, K. H., Hansen, G. M., & Laerkner, E. (2007). The extent and

application of patient diaries in Danish ICUs in 2006. Nursing in Critical Care, 12, 159-167. Gjengedal, E. (1994). Understanding a World of Critical Illness - A Phenomenological

Study of the Experiences of Respirator Patients and their Caregivers. Bergen: University of Bergen: Division for Nursing Science.

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Hoffmaster, B. (2006). What does vulnerability mean? (Rep. No. March-April). Hastings Center Report.

Hounsgaard, L. (2004). Potentiel sygdom sætter spor- Kvinders oplevelse af sygdom i et forløb med celleforandringer efter screening for livmoderhalskræft. Ph.d. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus.

Hudak, C. M., Gallo, B. M., & Morton, P. G. (1998). Critical care nursing : a holistic approach. (7 ed.) Philadelphia: Lippincott.

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Jordan, P. J., van Rooyen, D., & Strumpher, J. (2002). The lived experience of patients on mechanical ventilation. Health SA Gesondheid, 7, 24-37.

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Lotte Abildgren Schultz CCRN, Msc Nursing

References

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Lindseth, A. & Norberg, A. (2004). A phenomenological hermeneutical method for researching lived experience. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 18, 145-153.

Magnus, V. S. & Turkington, L. (2006). Communication interaction in ICU--Patient and staff experiences and perceptions. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 22, 167-180.

Ricoeur, P. (1976). Interpretation theory: Discourse and the surplas of meaning. Texas: Christian University Press, Fort Worth.

Rotondi, A., Lakshmipathi, C., Sirio, C., Mendelsohn, A., Schulz, R., Belle, S. et al. (2002). Patients' recollections of stressful experiences while receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine, 30, 746-752.

Ruiz, P. A. (1993). The needs of a patient in severe status asthmaticus: experiences of a nurse-patient in an intensive care unit. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 9, 28-39.

Schaffrath, E., Kuhlen, R., & Tonner, P. H. (2004). [Analgesia and sedation in intensive care medicine.]. Anaesthesist, 53, 1111-1130.

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Spradley, J. P. (1980). Participant Observation. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

Strøm, T., Martinussen, T., & Toft, P. (2010). A protocol of no sedation for critically ill patients recieving mechanical ventilation: A randomised trial. The Lancet, 375, 475-80.

World Medical Association. (2004). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki -Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects.