Something about Institute of Automatics,

neutron generators and radiation hardnessInstitute of Automatics, Institute of Automatics,

Neutron Generators, Neutron Generators, Detectors and Detectors and

Radiation HardnessRadiation HardnessAndrey Sviridov

The most important defense areas of VNIIA are developments of:

• Nuclear weapons for the strategic and tactical platforms;

• Firing and neutron initiation systems for the nuclear weapons;

• Non-nuclear components and automatics for the nuclear weapons;

• Nuclear explosion monitoring equipment;

• Unified test & measurement equipment;

• Hardware and methods for measurement of the nuclear charge

parameters during the experimenting activities.

Defense Applications

Defense Applications

Platforms that carry the nuclear weapons designed at VNIIA

Neutron Generators

VNIIA is the only company is Russia that has the full-scale research &

design, and fabrication capabilities to produce serially the portable

neutron generators for variety of applications with the neutron

radiation of a wide range of parameters.

Neutron tubes & plasma focus chambers

Neutron Generators

The neutron generators have a number of applications, such as:

• Petroleum and uranium well-logging;

• Monitoring of the industrial processes, certification of products;

• Detection and identification of explosives and toxic agents;

• Neutron therapy;

• Neutron radiography and tomography;

• Research of the physics of the nuclear reactors and the fuel assemblies;

• Detection and monitoring of the nuclear materials;

• Scientific research.

Neutron Generators

Neutron generators for the radiation analysis equipment

Neutron Generators

Neutron generators for the radiation analysis equipment

Neutron Generators

Pulsed neutron logging equipment

Neutron Generators

VNIIA neutron generators have the unique specifications:

• Neutron yield up to 1012 neutron/s;

• Pulse duration 0.01 µs to 10 ms;

• Pulse frequency from single up to 10 kHz.

The neutron generators and hardware

based on them is delivered to domestic

customers, as well as to the USA,

the UK, Germany, China, Japan, Italy,

Israel, South Korea, and the CIS

countries.

The hand-held radiation monitors are capable

of detecting 0.03 g of 239Pu and 0.3 g of 235U.

Hand-held radiation monitor

Dosimetry, Spectrometry and Radiometry Equipment

Dosimetry, Spectrometry and Radiometry Equipment

Checkpoint equipped with the radiation monitoring system

Radiation monitoring system

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

The Institute develops and fabricates the equipment for detecting and

measuring of the fast processes for the nuclear physical research and

the laser emission diagnostics:

• Gamma and neutron detectors of the high sensitivity (up to 2·10-9

A·cm2·s/quantum), the high time resolution (0.5 to 10 ns), and the high

linear current (2 to 10 A);

• Chronographic electronic-optical detectors of the optical radiation in

the wavelength range 300 to 1053 nm and subpicosecond time

resolution;

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

The Institute develops and fabricates the equipment for detecting and

measuring of the fast processes for the nuclear physical research and

the laser emission diagnostics:

• X-ray electronic-optical detectors for X-ray plasma image in the laser

nuclear fusion installations:

- Chronographic electronic-optical detectors with the picosecond time

resolution (3 ps) and the spectral detection range 0.1 to 10 keV;

- Multi-image electronic-optical detectors with the image duration 100 ps

and the number of images equal to 10.

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

X-ray chronographic electronic-optic detector

Chronographic electronic-optic detector

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

Detectors of the pulsed neutrons and gamma rays

Shockproof multi-channel detector

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

The unique electro-vacuum devices are

developed to be used in the scintillation

detectors and the fast electronic-optical

detectors: the photoelectron multipliers and

the photo-elements of the high time

resolution, the X-ray and chronographic

electronic-optical converters. These

devices have the linear characteristic

current curve up to 10 A, the large gain

factor up to 106, and the high time

resolution (0.5 ns), so that they can be

applied for detecting the

subnanosecond processes.

Electro-vacuum devices for scintillation detectors and

electronic-optical detectors

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

• Digital TV detectors of the light radiation based on the CCD structures

with the number of pixels up to 2048 x 2048 used for the direct detection

of the spatial resolution of the items, and for reading out the data from

the screen of the electronic-optical detectors;

• Multi-channel analog-to-digital converter for the signal shape and the

time intervals with the sampling frequency up to 4 GHz.

Equipment for Detection of Fast Processes

Multi-channel analog-to-digital converter

Digital TV detector

n: 0.1 - 14 MeV

γ: 0.2 - 10 MeV nuclear blast

x : 0.01 – 0.2 MeV

n : 2 - 100 MeV

µ : 2 GeV cosmic rays

p : > GeV

e : GeV

Radiation Hardness

Catastrophic damages (complete failure) ~ 1 - 10 Mrad.

Transient effects

Ionising effects

Latch-up

Research Methods Imitators γ e n n p n Modeling Tests

Methods of radiation hardness

Protection

Distance, including taking out of sensor

Blinking memory

Circumvention

Reservation