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South AsiaSouth Asia
Land, Economy, and PeopleLand, Economy, and People
Physical Geography of S. AsiaPhysical Geography of S. Asia
• Himalayas to the north.
• Western Ghats in west India.
• Eastern Ghats in East India
• Deccan Plateau in central India.
• Desert/Semi-Desert in Pakistan.
Bodies of WaterBodies of Water
• Indus River in Pakistan
• Ganges River in India
• Arabian Sea to the West
• Indian Ocean to the south
• Bay of Bengal to the east
Map of South AsiaMap of South Asia
HimalayasHimalayas
South Asia’s climatesSouth Asia’s climates
• In the west there are deserts and semi-deserts.
• In the north it is a highland climate.
• In the south it is a tropical wet or tropical savanna climate.
• In the north below the Himalayas it is humid subtropical.
MonsoonsMonsoons
Monsoon picturesMonsoon pictures
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://img.timeinc.net/time/photoessays/2007/india_monsoon
Effects on ClimateEffects on Climate
• Monsoons: Wet monsoons bring warm winds and rain during the summer months, and dry monsoons bring cool, dry air in the winter months.
• Elevation: The Himalayas form cold climates.
• Latitude: South Asia is close to the tropic of cancer and the equator.
Natural ResourcesNatural Resources
• 70% of India’s people are farmers.• They produce cash crops such as: tea, cotton,
coffee, and sugarcane in India. Mostly along the Ganges River and coast.
• Because there is little oil, India relies on hydroelectric power.
• Pakistan does farming along the Indus River.• Iron ore and coal are the main mineral
resources.
PeoplePeople
• India is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. They have a population of about 1 billion.
• Most people in South Asia live in coastal areas and in the north along the Indus or Ganges Rivers.
• Bangladesh is one of the most crowded countries in the world.
PeoplePeople
• Most people in India follow the religion of Hinduism.
• Most people in Pakistan follow the religion of Islam.
• Most people in Bhutan and Sri Lanka follow the religion of Buddhism.
ConflictConflict
• India and Pakistan have been in conflict since the early 1900’s.
• They have conflict over religion and land.
• They have been fighting over who controls Kashmir, which is on the northwestern border of India.
• Nuclear weapons have been developed.
LanguageLanguage
• Most people speak Hindi in India.
• There are 15 recognized languages in India.
• Many people speak English.
South AsiaSouth AsiaIndia
• India is growing fast. By 2050, India is expected to have the highest population.
• 72% of the people live in rural areas.
• ¼ of India’s people live in poverty. India’s middle class is growing.
• India’s economy is growing by developing their industries such as computer software, textiles, and electrical equipment.
Pakistan• Pakistan’s economy is based on
agriculture.
• Most farm along the Indus River.
• Pakistan has a dry climate, so drought can be a problem.
• Farmers must irrigate water from the Indus River.
• Most factories are located along the Indus River so they can use hydroelectric power.
• Many dams generate hydroelectric power.
South AsiaSouth Asia
India• Kashmir has caused major
conflicts between India and Pakistan.
• Both India and Pakistan have tested nuclear weapons causing fighting.
• Health care and education has improved in India.
• Life expectancy and the literacy rate are improving in India.
• India is a developing country.
Pakistan
• Most factories produce textiles, chemicals, or steel mills.
• Pakistan is famous for its carpets and rugs.
• Pakistan is a developing country.