Southwest Asia Southwest Asia Chapter 2Chapter 2

Ancient Mesopotamia Ancient Mesopotamia

What is a Scribe?What is a Scribe?

• A person in Sumerian society who writes

What is cuneiform?What is cuneiform?

• Cuneiform are soft-clay tablets with wedge shaped letters

What is a ziggurat?What is a ziggurat?

• A ziggurat is a Sumer religious temple surrounded by the marketplace and village of the city-state

Describe a monarchy Describe a monarchy governmentgovernment

• A type of government where one person has complete authority to rule in peacetime and lead soldiers in time of war.

How were dikes and canals How were dikes and canals used? used?

• Dikes were used as part of an irrigation system to control floodwaters. This prevented the destruction valuable farm land provided water for their fields.

What is a SurplusWhat is a Surplus of Goods? of Goods?

• Surplus means producing enough food to create a division of labor, this allowed people to life in cities and have non-farming jobs.

What was a result of early What was a result of early agriculture? agriculture?

• Early Agriculture domesticated plants & animals and produced a reliable food source.

Describe city-statesDescribe city-states

• A city and its surrounding farmlands with its own leaders & government. Sumer, Ur, and Babylon are examples of early city-states.

What is labor and how did it effect What is labor and how did it effect early civilizations? early civilizations?

• Labor means to work at a job or activity to earn a living. A division of labor meant not all people were producing food.

What is irrigation?What is irrigation?

• Irrigation a system of dikes, canals, ditches and dams to control the floodwaters

What is Monotheism?What is Monotheism?

• The Israelites believed in Monotheism which is the belief in one god.

• As opposed to most religions at the time that worshipped many gods.

What does go into exile mean? What does go into exile mean?

• Exile is the act of being forced to live in another place

• As when the Jews left Mesopotamia with Abraham

MesopotamiaMesopotamia

• The word means the land between 2 rivers

• Mesopotamia is the area surrounding the Tigris and Euphrates rivers also known as the Fertile Crescent.

Where is the Tigris & Euphrates Where is the Tigris & Euphrates Valley?Valley?

• Tigris & Euphrates Valley is the land between the two rivers in Sumer that were a major part of the Fertile Crescent.

What were the What were the Phoenicians Phoenicians famous for?famous for?

• Phoenicians are the people who invented a system of writing of symbols that stood for sounds called cuneiform

• Developing and exporting the color purple.

Who was Moses? Who was Moses?

• Moses was the leader of the Israelites who led them out of exile in Egypt

Who was Sargon?Who was Sargon?

• Sargon was the first ruler of Mesopotamia to unite the city-states and established an empire.

Who was Hammurabi? Who was Hammurabi?

• Hammurabi was the Babylonian ruler who established a tax system and a set of laws to support the government.

What is the Code of Hammurabi?What is the Code of Hammurabi?

• Code of Hammurabi were the pillar of laws that Hammurabi set up to establish order in Babylonia.

Who was Abraham?Who was Abraham?

• Abraham was the “father of the Israelites” who according to the Bible received the convent (Special agreement) from God.

Where is the Fertile Crescent?Where is the Fertile Crescent?

• Fertile Crescent is located in Southwest Asia, where the fertile land between the 2 rivers provided good farming land, but was surrounded by arid or dry desert.

Describe SumerDescribe Sumer

• Sumer is a ancient city-state located in the southern part of Mesopotamia

• It was known for its technology in farming and irrigation systems.

• This created a food surplus and a division of labor

Which civilization was known for Which civilization was known for creating coins?creating coins?

• Lydians developed coins that had the same weight and value

• Coins were made of a mixture of gold & silver called electrum.

• Before they used a barter system.

Ancient Sumer began to have a division Ancient Sumer began to have a division of labor which was caused by?of labor which was caused by?

• Developed technology in farming and irrigation systems.

• The ability to produce more food than needed

• Surplus of food allowed workers to become skilled craftsman

• Skilled workers created a complex division of labor

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