Spanish 2 Preliminary Unit

Discuss likes and dislikes

Describe people and places

Exchange greetings

The new school year

Talk about school life

Ask for/give information

Discuss likes and dislikes

• Gustar to like

ActivitiesBailar to danceCantar to singComer to eatEscribir to writeEscuchar musica to listen to musicPantinar to skate

Describe people and places

Estar to beSer to beTener to have

Appearance and Personality• Alegre happy• Alto(a) tall• Bajo(a) short• Castaño(a) brown• Comico funny• Corto short• Delgado thin• Guapo(a) good-

looking• Largo(a) long

• Moreno(a) dark

hair/skin• Nervioso(a) nervous• Rubio(a) blond• Serio (a) serious• Tranquilo(a) calm• Triste sad

Exchange Greetings• Buenas tardes Good afternoon

• ¿Como estas? How are you?

• ¿Como te llamas? What is your name?

• El gusto es mio. The pleasure is mine

• Encantado(a) Delighted

• Les presento a… I’d like to introduce

you to…

• Me llamo My name is….

• Se llama His/Her name is…

The new school year (stem-changing verbs)

• Almorzar (o-ue) to eat lunch

• Cerrar (e –ie) to close

• Contar (o –ue) to count, to (re) tell

• Costar (o-ue) to cost

• Dormir (o-ue) to sleep

• Encontrar (o-ue) to find, to meet

• Entender (e – ie) to understand

• Pensar (e-ie) to think

• Perder (e – ie) to lose

• Poder (o – ue) to be able, can

• Preferir (e – ie) to prefer

• Querer (e – ie) to want

• Volver (o – ue) to return, to come

back

Talk about school life• Caminar to walk• Contestar to answer• Correr to run• Descansar to rest• Estudiar to study• Hablar to talk, to speak• Ir to go• Tomar to take, to eat or

to drink• Vivir to live

Ask for/Give information• Adónde (to) where• Cómo how• Cuál(es) which (ones), what• Cuándo when• Cuánto how much• Cuántos(as) how many• ¿Cuantos años tiene..? How old is..?• Dónde where• Por qué why• Qué what• Quién(es) who

Supplementary Vocabulary• La actuacion performance

• El boleto ticket

• Deportivo(a) athletic

• El descuento discount

• Los éxitos hits, successes

• Por adelantado in advance

• La vestimenta attire

Cooperative/small group work

• Ayudense help each other

• Concentrense concentrate

• Hablen en voz baja speak softly

• Trabajen en equipo Work together

• Turnese Take turns

Pairs or small groups (student to student)

• Es tu turno It’s your turn

• Intenta de nuevo Try again

• No, estas equivocado(a) No you are wrong

• ¿Qué tenemos que hacer? What are we

suppose to do

• Si, tienes razon Yes, you are right

Permission (student to teacher)• ¿Puedo hablar en ingles? May I speak in

english?

• ¿Puedo ir al baño? May I go to the

bathroom?

• ¿Puedo ir a tomar agua? May I get a drink

of water?

• ¿Puedo sacarle punta al lapiz? May I

sharpen my

pencil.

Confusion (student to teacher or other students)

• EStoy confundido (a) I’m confused

• No comprendo I don’t understand

• No sé I dont’t know

Spanish 2 Preliminary Unit

Grammar

Use Adjectives to describe• Remember that adjectives describe nouns. They

match the gender and number of the nouns they describe. In Spanish, adjectives usually follow the noun.

• Masculine Adjectives often end in – o.

• El chico guapo. The good-looking boy.

• Feminine Adjectives often end in – a.

• La chica guapa. The good-looking girl.

• Most adjectives that end with –e or a consonant refer to both genders.

• El chico paciente

• La chica paciente same word

• To make an adjective plural, add – s if it ends with a vowel, - es if it ends with a consonant.

• Los chicos guapos

• Los chicos trabajadores

• When an adjective describes a group containing both genders, the masculine form of the adjective is used.

The verb tener• When you want to talk about what you have, use the

verb tener.

• Tener – to have

tengo I have tenemos we have

tienes you have

tiene he/she has tienen they have

• La chica tiene pelo rubio. The girl has blonde hair

• Tener is also used to talk about how old a person is.

• El chico tiene quince años. The boy is fifteen years old

Describe people and things: ser vs. estar

• Remember that even though ser and estar both correspond to the English verb to be, their uses are very different.

• Ser is used• to tell who is the subject is or

• what the subject is like• to describe origin, profession,

and basic characteristics.• Ella es alta. Es de Nueva York. She is tall. She is

from New York.

Soy somosEres Es son

• Estar is used • to tell where the subject is or

• how the subject feels

to describe location and feelings that may change

El chico está bien. Está en Nueva York.

The boy is OK. He is in New York.

Estoy estamosEstásEstá están

Tell Time• To talk about what time it is, use: ¿Qué hora

es? What time is it?

• Use y + minutes for the number of minutes after the hour:

Son las doce. (12:00)

Son las doce y diez. (12:10)

Son las doce y media. (12:30)

Use menos + minutes for the number of minutes before the hour.

Es la una. (1:00)

Es la una menos cuarto. (12:45) To talk about when something will happen, use:

¿A que hora es la clase? What time is the class?

A las (dos, tres). At (two o’clock, three o’clock)

A la una. At one o’clock

Use cuarto for a quarter of an hour And media for half an hour.

Regular Present Tense Verbs• To talk about things you do, you use the present

tense. To form the present tense of a regular verb, drop the –ar, -er, or –ir and add the appropriate ending.

• Regular Verbs– Ar -er -irHablar comer vivirHablo como vivoHablas comes vivesHabla come viveHablamos comemos vivimosHablan comen viven

The Verb Ir• Remember that when you talk about where

someone is going, you use the verb ir, to go.

• Susana y Luis van a la biblioteca.

• Susana and Luis go to the library.

Voy vamosVasVa van

Remember that forms of ir are usuallyFollowed by the preposition a.

Stem-changing Verbs• As you know, Spanish has many stem-

changing verbs. Review the one that follow.

• Pensar – to think e – ie

• Almorzar – to eat lunch o – ue

Pienso pensamosPiensasPiensa piensan

The stem doesn’t change for the nosotros form.

Almuerzo almorzamosAlmuerzasAlmuerza almuerzan For a complete list of stem

Changing verbs, refer to pp.R30 –R31.

Irregular yo verbs• Remember that some verbs are only irregular in

the first person singular (yo) form. Compare the yo and tú forms of these verbs.

• These take the endings –go.

• caer hacer poner salir traer

• to fall to do to put to go out to bring

• caigo hago pongo salgo traigo

• caes haces pones sales traes

• Other verbs that are irregular in the yo form only are conocer, dar, saber, and ver.

• conocer dar saber ver

• to know to give to know to see

• conozco doy sé veo

• conoces das sabes ves