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THE SPANIARDSAS

COLONIAL MASTERS


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Spain reigned over the Philippines for 333 years, from 1565

to 1898.

Since Spain was far from the country, the Spanish king ruled

the Islands through the viceroy of Mexico, which was then

another Spanish colony.

KING OF SPAIN

VICEROY OF MEXICO

PHILIPPINES


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When Mexico regained its freedom in

1821, the Spanish king ruled the

Philippines through a Governor

General, (GG).

KING OF SPAIN

GOVERNOR

GENERAL

PHILIPPINES


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THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE

Spain established a centralized colonialgovernment in the Philippines that was composed

of a NATIONAL GOVERNMENT and the LOCAL

GOVERNMENTS that administered provinces,

cities, towns and municipalities.

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT:

maintained peace and ordercollected taxes

built schools and other public works


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The King's representative and the highest-rankingofficial in the Philippines

Royal decrees and laws emanating from Spain

were implemented in the Philippines

Had the power to appoint and dismiss public

officials, except those personally chosen by theKing

THE GOVERNOR

GENERAL


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Supervised all government offices and thecollection of taxes

Exercised certain legislative powers

Issued proclamations to facilitate the

implementation of laws

THE GOVERNOR

GENERAL


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THE GOVERNOR

GENERAL

REQUIREMENT:

Must be a PENINSULARES

orA SPANIARD BORN IN SPAIN


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THE RESIDENCIA

THE GOVERNOR

GENERAL

THE VISITA THE ROYAL AUDENCIA

THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE

To investigate the abuses, there

were bodies created:

The Governor General and other

government officials had so much

power that it was commonly abused.


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The Council of the Indies in Spain sent a

government official called the VISITADOR

GENERAL to observe conditions in the colony.

The Visitador General

reported his findings

directly to the King.

THE VISITA


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Despite all these checks, however, an

abusive governor general often managed

to escape stiff fines, suspension, ordismissal by simply bribing the Visitador

and other investigators.

THE ROYAL AUDENCIA


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The Spaniards created Local Government Units (LGU)for the provinces

There were two types of local government units:

THE PROVINCIAL

GOVERNMENT

ALCALDIA CORRIGIMIENTO

AlcaldeMayor

Corregidor


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TheALCADIA, led by theAlcalde Mayor

governed the provinces that had

been fully subjugated:

UNDER SPANISH CONTROL

ALREADY

SALARY: P300 A MONTH

THE PROVINCIAL

GOVERNMENT


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DUTIES OF THE ALCALDE MAYOR:

They represented the Spanish king and the

Governor-General

They managed the day-to-day operations of the

provincial government

Implemented laws and supervised the collection

of taxes

THE PROVINCIAL

GOVERNMENT


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The CORREGIMIENTO, headed by

Corregidor

governed the provinces that werenot yet entirely under Spanish

control.

THE PROVINCIAL

GOVERNMENT


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TheALCADIA and the CORREGIMIENTO

Though they were paid a small salary,

they enjoyed privileges such as the

INDULTO DE COMERCIO

or the right to participate in the

GALLEON TRADE.

THE PROVINCIAL

GOVERNMENT


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THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT

Each province was divided into several towns orpueblos headed by GOBERNADORDCILLOS (Little

Governor)

MAIN DUTIES: Efficient governance and tax

collection.

Four lieutenants aided the Governardorcillo:the Teniente Mayor (chief lieutenant),

the Teniente de Policia (police lieutenant),

the Teniente de Sementeras (lieutenant of the

fields)


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GOBERNADORDCILLOS

They had SMALL SALARIES but were exempted

from PAYING TAXES

QUALIFICATIONS:

Any NATIVE orCHINESE MEZTIZO

25 years oldLiterate in ORAL or WRITTEN SPANISH

Cabeza de Barangay for 4 years

Ex: Emilio Aguinaldo


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CABEZA DE BARANGAY OR(Barrio Administrator or Barangay

Captain)

-Responsible for the peace and order of the

barrio

-Recruited men for public works

QUALIFICATIONS:

Cabezas should be literate in Spanish

Have good moral character and property

Cabezas who served for 25 years were


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THE CITY GOVERNMENT

Larger towns became cities called:AYUNTAMIENTO

It became the center of trade and industry.

The ayuntamiento had a city council called theCABILDO

CABILDO is composed of:

ALCALDE (MAYOR)REGIDORES (COUNCILLORS)

ALGUACIL MAYOR (POLICE CHIEF)

ESCRIBANDO (SECRETARY)


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KING OF SPAIN

THE COLONIAL GOVERNMENT

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

(Governor General)

THE JUDICIAL BRANCH

(Royal Audencia, Residencia,

Lower Courts, Governor-General)

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

ALCALDIA(Alcalde Mayor)

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT

CORRIGIMIENTO(Corregidor)

CITY GOVERNMENT

AYUNTAMIENTO(Cabildo)

PUEBLOS OR TOWNS

(Gobernadorcillos)

BARRIOS

(Cabeza de Barangay)

CABILDO

City Council

ALCALDE

REGIDORES

AGUACIL MAYOR

ESCRIBANDO

BARRIOS

(Cabeza de Barangay)

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