SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS.docx

8/19/2019 SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS.docx

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SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

Cuenca, J. M., Dalangin, M. J., Dela Rosa, M.L., Diaz, K.I.M, Domingo, M.A.,Dungca, M.K.

2H – Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy

ni!er"ity of #anto $oma"

Abstract

$he e%&eriment 'a" (one to (etermine the "&eci)c gra!ity of or(inary

"oli(" a" 'ell a" certain ty&e" of li*ui(" through the u"e of +each

Pycnometer, Mohr e"t&hal -alance, an( aume Hy(rometer. $he

re"earcher" ha!e (etermine( the "&eci)c gra!ity of a "am&le "oli( through

the u"e of a &ycnometer -y mea"uring the ma"" of the "tan(ar( li*ui(,

em&ty &ycnometer an( the "am&le. $he e%&eriment ga!e a re"ult of 2./0 a"it" relati!e (en"ity. $he re"earcher" ha!e (etermine( the "&eci)c gra!ity of

a "am&le li*ui(, )r"tly through the u"e of a leach &ynometer -y mea"uring

the ma"" of a li*ui( "am&le, 'ater an( em&ty &ynometer, "econ(ly through

the u"e of a Mohr1e"t&hal -alance, an( la"tly, through the u"e of a aume

hy(rometer, 'hich ga!e re"ult" to a&&ro%imate !alue of 0. unit".

Itro!"ct#o

#&eci)c gra!ity i" a unit1le""e%&re""ion of a ratio of (en"ity of

"u-"tance in intere"t relati!e to the

reference "u-"tance. y 3no'ing

the (en"ity of a "u-"tance, "&eci)c

gra!ity can -e (etermine(. eing a

ratio of (en"itie", "&eci)c gra!ity i"

a (imen"ionle"" *uantity. #&eci)c

gra!ity !arie" 'ith tem&erature

an( &re""ure4 reference an(

"am&le mu"t -e com&are( at the

"ame tem&erature an( &re""ure or

-e correcte( to a "tan(ar(

reference tem&erature an(

&re""ure. #u-"tance" 'ith a

"&eci)c gra!ity of 5 are neutrally

-uoyant in 'ater. $ho"e 'ith #6

greater than 5 are (en"er than

'ater an( 'ill, (i"regar(ing "urface

ten"ion e7ect", "in3 in it. $ho"e

'ith an #6 le"" than 5 are le""

(en"e than 'ater an( 'ill 8oat on

it. In "cienti)c 'or3, the

relation"hi& of ma"" to !olume i"

u"ually e%&re""e( (irectly in term"

of the (en"ity 9ma"" &er unit

!olume: of the "u-"tance un(er

"tu(y. It i" in in(u"try 'here"&eci)c gra!ity )n(" 'i(e

a&&lication, often for hi"torical

rea"on".

$he #&eci)c 6ra!ity can -e

e%&re""e( mathematically a";


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A &ycnometer, al"o calle(

"&eci)c gra!ity -ottle, i" a (e!iceu"e( to (etermine the (en"ity of a

li*ui(. A &ycnometer i" u"ually

ma(e of gla"", 'ith a clo"e1)tting

groun( gla"" "to&&er 'ith a

ca&illary tu-e through it, "o that air

-u--le" may e"ca&e from the

a&&aratu". $hi" (e!ice ena-le" a

li*ui(


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total !alue of the ma"" of the&ycnometer 'ith the "tan(ar( li*ui(

a((e( to the ma"" of the &ycnometer

an( "am&le li*ui( "u-tracte( to the

ma"" of the em&ty &ycnometer an(

ma"" of the &ycnometer 'ith the

"tan(ar( li*ui( an( "am&le "oli(.

$o (etermine the "&eci)c

gra!ity of the "am&le li*ui( u"ing the

+each Pycnometer, the re"earcher"

(etermine( the ma"" of the em&ty&ycnometer, ma"" of&ycnometer an(

'ater, ma"" of &ycnometer 'ith the

li*ui( "am&le, ma"" of 'ater, an(

la"tly, the ma"" of the li*ui( "am&le.

ith the gi!en !alue" a-o!e, the

re"earcher" can (etermine the "&eci)c

gra!ity of the "am&le li*ui( -y

calculating the ration -et'een the

ma"" of the "am&le li*ui( an( the

ma"" of the 'ater.

Res"lts a! D#sc"ss#o

A. S$ec#%c Grat' o( Sol#!s#am&le #oli(; Co&&er Po'(er

). S$ec#%c Grat' o( L#*"#!s#am&le +i*ui(; =0> ?thyl

Alcohol

a. Leac+ P'coeter

b. Mo+r-est$+al )alace#&eci)c 6ra!ity of the

+i*ui(; / . 0//

c. )a"e 1'!roeter#&eci)c 6ra!ity of the li*ui(;

/.02/

$hrough the u"e of the Mohr1

e"t&hal -alance, 'e ha!e

(etermine( the "&eci)c gra!ity of

the "am&le li*ui(, 'hich i" the =0>

ethyl alcohol. y "u-merging the

#tan(ar( +i*ui( @0.

0g

Ma"" of em&ty &ycnometer BB.0

0g

Ma"" of &ycnometer

"tan(ar( li*ui(

B.B

0g

Ma"" of &ycnometer

"am&le

B./

0g

Ma"" of &ycnomter "am&le

"tan(ar( li*ui(

.0

0g

elati!e (en"ity of the

"am&le

2./0

Ma"" of em&ty &ycnometer @0.

0g

Ma"" of &ycnometer 'ater BB.0

0g

Ma"" of &ycnometer li*ui("am&le

B.B0g

Ma"" of 'ater B./

0g

Ma"" of li*ui( "am&le .0

0g

#&eci)c gra!ity of the li*ui(

"am&le

2./0


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e"t&hal -ul- unto the li*ui( it"elf,

through relati!e e*uili-rium, 'e

coul( i(entify the "&eci)c gra!ity.

$he hanger" gui(e the re"earcher"

in (etermining the #6, the -ig

hanger in(icate" 0.5 unit" of "g

'hile the "mall hanger" (etermine"

0.05 unit of #6. $he re"earcher"

gathere( re"ult" of 0. for the -ig

hanger, an( 0.0= an( 0.05 for the

"mall hanger". 6etting the

"ummation of the re"ult" 'oul(

lea( u" to the !alue of the #&eci)c

gra!ity, 'hich ga!e the re"earcher"

a !alue of 0.00.

En the other han(, the

re"earcher" al"o u"e( the aume

Hy(rometer, 'hich i" "u-merge( to

a certain amount of li*ui( until the

hy(rometer 8oat" a-o!e the li*ui(

through -uoyancy. $he aume

hy(rometer ga!e an a&&ro%imate

re"ult of 0.50, clo"e enough to the

&re!iou" e%&erimental !alue" of0.00 an( 0.=.

Cocl"s#o

$he "&eci)c gra!ity of certain

li*ui(" an( "oli(" can -e

(etermine( -y !ariou" la-oratory

an( e%&erimental metho(". In line

'ith thi", the re"earcher" gathere(

a" much (ata a" &o""i-le -y u"ing

the (i7erent la-oratory e*ui&ment

in (etermining the "&eci)c gra!ity

of "u-"tance". $he re"earcher"

accumulate( &reci"e re"ult"

through (i7erent 'or3 me(ium.

Re(ereces

Hy(rometer FA" 1 H1 In"trument.

9n.(.:. etrie!e( March 50, 205G,

from

htt&;'''.h-in"trument.comhy(rometer1fa*"

?!erything 2 – e"t&hal alance.

9n.(.: etrie!e( March 50, 205G,

from

htt&;e!erything2.comtitlee"t&h

alalance

#&eci)c 6ra!ity 9n.(.: etrie!e(

March 50, 205G, from

htt&;en.'i3i&e(ia.org'i3i#&eci)c

gra!ity

elati!e Den"ity 9n.(.: etrie!e(

March 50, 205G, from

htt&";en.'i3i&e(ia.org'i3ielati!

e(en"ityPycnometer
http://www.hbinstrument.com/hydrometer-faqs/http://www.hbinstrument.com/hydrometer-faqs/http://everything2.com/title/Westphal+Balancehttp://everything2.com/title/Westphal+Balancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://everything2.com/title/Westphal+Balancehttp://everything2.com/title/Westphal+Balancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://www.hbinstrument.com/hydrometer-faqs/http://www.hbinstrument.com/hydrometer-faqs/

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SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS.docx