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Energy Statistics

Working Group MeetingIEA, Paris, France

16-17 November 2004

Special Issue Paper 9

Densities of

Oil Products

Mieke Reece


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Issue:There is a need for a review of the average densities of oil products in the OECD countries.

Background:Why do we need the information on the average densities of oil products?

Density is defined as mass per unit volume i.e. metric ton per barrel. The oil industry in different parts

of the world uses different units of measurements. For example, in Europe, the metric ton (a mass

unit) is generally accepted as the unit of measurement, while in North America, volume units are

used, e.g. barrels in the United States and cubic metres in Canada.

When compiling a world oil balance, it is necessary to use a common unit, either a volume unit or a

unit of mass. Depending on the choice of the unit, this means that data originally reported in one typeof unit need to be converted into the common standard.

The international oil industry is generally using barrels as their accepted standard. Barrels are a

measurement of volume, and therefore any data for countries which is in mass unit will need to beconverted to volume. Moreover the mass to volume conversion differs from product to product and

may be differing from country to country. As an example, the density of crude oil can easily vary

from 0.125 (8 barrel per ton) to 0.152 (6.6 barrel per ton), whereas oil products can vary between

0.086 (LPG) to 0.150 (fuel oil).

The joint Eurostat, IEA/OECD, UNECE questionnaires collect data in metric tons or mass, while the

IEAs Oil Market Report is presenting data in barrels. We therefore need to convert all the oil

information from metric tons to barrels.

In order to obtain an accurate world oil balance in volume and to limit the statistical error, it is

essential that each product in each country is converted at the appropriate factor.

Why do we need to review this periodically?

Densities do not remain constant over time. Little by little they change, as on the one hand, in the

supply of crude oil, the density becomes higher, on the other hand, in the consuming sectors new and

improved technologies, as well as the increasing complexity of the oil products result in the use of

higher density oil products.

As a consequence, it is necessary to carry out a survey to evaluate the situation, the last survey was

carried out in 1993, or some 10 year ago. It therefore seemed timely to conduct an update of this

survey at the occasion of the 2004 ESWG. This survey was not intended to be carried out on a yearlybasis, and will be renewed on an ad-hoc basis when necessary. Only results from OECD and EU

countries were received.The results of the survey have been attached in Annex I.

Many countries sent incomplete data, and eight countries (of which some important consumers and

producers) did not report any densities at all. Unfortunately, therefore, the results of the survey so far

cannot be completely conclusive, particularly as some values look inconsistent with the past values.

However, we have still prepared the preliminary results for your review.

We will continue to calculate weighted average densities for the three main regions: OECD North

America, OECD Pacific, and Europe (including EU members which are not currently members of the


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OECD). These regional averages will then be used to convert the Eurostat, OECD/IEA, UNECE oil

data from metric tons to barrels, for example as shown in the IEAs monthly Oil Market Report.

Proposal:We will continue to pursue the data from the countries which have not responded yet, and to extendthe survey to UNECE Member countries which are not members of OECD and EU. Depending on the

results from the UNECE countries, we will see if there is a need to add a fourth region.


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Country-Specific Information

country AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA BELGIUM CANADA CZECH DENMARK FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY

Average Density or Specific Gravity (g/cm3)

Crude Oil Indigenous Production 0.784 0.85 0.888 0.86

Crude Oil Imports 0.87 0.85 0.8576 0.86 0.842 0.85

Crude Oil Exports 0.788 0.85 0.86

Crude Oil Refinery Intake 0.82 0.85 0 .8 36 45 0 .8 57 6 0.86 0.855 0.842 0.85NGL Indigenous Production 0.523 0.7 0.54

NGL Imports 0.7 0.54 0.738

NGL Exports 0.523 0.7 0.54

NGL Refinery Intake 0.523 0.7 0.54 0.934 0.738

Refinery Feed stocks In digenous Production

Refinery Feedstocks Imports 0.935 0.867 0.86

Refinery Feedstocks Exports 0.794 0.889 0.86

Refinery Feedstocks Refinery Intake 0.916 0.89 0.86

Additives Indigenous Production

Additives Imports

Additives Exports

Additives Refinery Intake

Other Hydrocarbons Indigenous Production

Other Hydrocarbons Imports

Other Hydrocarbons Exports

Other Hydrocarbons Refinery Intake

Refinery Gas Refinery Output 0.725 0.6 0.34 0.18

Refinery Gas Imports 0.34

Refinery Gas Exports 0.34

Refinery Gas Consumption 0.725 0.6 0.34 0.953 0.18

Ethane Refinery Output

Ethane Imports

Ethane Exports

Ethane Consumption 0.358

LPG Refinery Output 0.53 0.58 0.54 0.53 0.54 0.545

LPG Imports 0.51 0.58 0.54 0.53 0.54

LPG Exports 0.556 0.58 0.54 0.53 0.54

LPG Consumption 0.54 0.58 0.54 0.5395 0.53 0.54 0.507

Naphtha Refinery Output 0.724 0.66 0.7

Naphtha Imports 0.66 0.66

Naphtha Exports 0.724 0.66

Naphtha Consumption 0.757 0.739 0.66 0.7 0.7

Motor Gasoline Refinery Output 0.74 0.749 0.74 0.748 0.75

Motor Gasoline Imports 0.731 0 .749 0.74 0.749 0.75

Motor Gasoline Exports 0.74 0.751 0.74 0.748 0.75

Motor Gasoline Consumption 0.735 0.749 0.74 0.735 0.748 0.75 0.75 0.745

Aviation Gasoline Refinery Output 0.648 0.7 0.741 0.71

Aviation Gasoline Imports 0.708 0.7 0.71

Aviation Gasoline Exports 0.648 0.7 0.71

Aviation Gasoline Consumption 0.672 0.7 0.709 0.741 0.71 0.71 0.72

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Refinery Output0.75 0.76

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Imports 0.75 0.76

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Exports 0.75 0.76

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Consumption 0.75 0.791 0.76

Ke rosene Type Jet Fuel Refinery Output 0.792 0.798 0.8 0.793 0.8 0.8

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Imports 0.792 0.798 0.8 0.8

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Exports 0.792 0.798 0.8 0.8

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Consumption 0.792 0.798 0.8 0.802 0.793 0.8 0.795 0.8 0.8

Other Kerosene Refinery Output 0.804 0.798 0.8 0.8 0.8

Other Kerosene Imports 0.795 0.798 0.8 0.8

Other Kerosene Exports 0.804 0.798 0.8 0.8

Other Kerosene Consumption 0.8 0.798 0.8 0.82 0.8 0.8 0.81 0.8

Gas/diesel Oil Refinery Output 0.838 0.848 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.83

Gas/diesel Oil Imports 0.85 0.849 0.85 0.84 0.84

Gas/diesel Oil Exports 0.838 0.85 0.85 0.84 0.84

Gas/diesel Oil Consumption 0.839 0.848 0.85 0.86 0.84 0.84 0.845 0.835 0.83

Fuel Oil (incl . Bunker fuel) Ref inery Output 0.972 0.955 0.925 0.99 0.98 0.855

Fuel Oil (incl. Bunker fuel) Imports 0.95 1.008 0.925 0.98

Fuel Oil (incl. Bunker fuel) Exports 0.972 1.006 0.925 0.98

F uel O il (in cl . Bu nker fue l) C onsump tion 0.96 0.956 0.925 0.953 0.99 0.98 0.975 1 0.855

White Spirit Refinery Output 0.775 0.7 0.8 0.727

White Spirit Imports 0.775 0.7 0.8White Spirit Exports 0.775 0.7 0.8

White Spirit Consumption 0.775 0.7 0.8 0.777

Lubricants Refinery Output 0.911 0.9 0.9 0.9

Lubricants Imports 0.887 0.9 0.9 0.9

Lubricants Exports 0.911 0.9 0.9 0.9

Lubricants Consumption 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.876 0.9 0.9


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country GREECE HUNGARY ICELAND IRELAND ITALY JAPAN NETHLAND NZ NORWAY


Crude Oil Indigenous Production 0.867 0.806 0.855 0.859 0.836

Crude Oil Imports 0.862 0.863 0.853 0.855 0.859

Crude Oil Exports 0.862 0.859 0.836

Crude Oil Refinery Intake 0.86 0.863 0.853 0.855 0.859 0.836

NGL Indigenous Production 0.715 0.665 0.541

NGL Imports 0.715 0.665

NGL Exports 0.665 0.541

NGL Refinery Intake0.715 0.665 0.541

Refinery Feed stocks In digenous Production 0.745

Refinery Feedstocks Imports 0.902 0.78 0.731

Refinery Feedstocks Exports

Refinery Feedstocks Refinery Intake 0.901 0.745 0.731

Additives Indigenous Production 0.796

Additives Imports 0.79

Additives Exports

Additives Refinery Intake 0.792 0.84





Refinery Gas Refinery Output 0.965

Refinery Gas Imports

Refinery Gas Exports

Refinery Gas Consumption 0.75 0.965


Ethane Imports

Ethane Exports 0.359

Ethane Consumption 0.359

LPG Refinery Output 0.579 1 0.534LPG Imports 1 0.534

LPG Exports 1 0.534 0.556

LPG Consumption 0.576 0.552 1 0.53 0.534 0.53

Naphtha Refinery Output 0.732 0.737

Naphtha Imports 0.737

Naphtha Exports 0.737 0.872

Naphtha Consumption 0.728 0.711 0.737

Motor Gasoline Refinery Output 0.745 0.737 0.749

Motor Gasoline Imports 0.755 0.737 0.749

Motor Gasoline Exports 0.737 0.749 0.74


Aviation Gasoline Refinery Output 0.737 0.7555

Aviation Gasoline Imports 0.755 0.7555

Aviation Gasoline Exports 0.7555 0.71

Aviation Gasoline Consumption 0.755 0 .71736 0.737 0.71 0.7555 0.71

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Refinery Output

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Imports

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Exports

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Consumption 0.77

Ke rosene Type Jet Fuel Refinery Output 0.797 0.7834 0.794

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Imports 0.81 0.7834 0.794

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Exports 0.7834 0.794 0.76

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Consumption 0.799 0.79 0.81 0.8 0.7834 0.79 0.794 0.76

Other Kerosene Refinery Output 0.814 0.788

Other Kerosene Imports 0.81 0.814 0.788

Other Kerosene Exports 0.814 0.788 0.79

Other Kerosene Consumption 0.81 0.8 0.814 0.78 0.788 0.79

Gas/diesel Oil Refinery Output 0.827 0.843 0.822

Gas/diesel Oil Imports 0.848 0.843 0.822

Gas/diesel Oil Exports 0.843 0.822 0.83

Gas/diesel Oil Consumption 0.833 0.842 0.848 0.846 0.843 0.84 0.822 0.83

Fuel Oil (incl . Bunker fuel) Ref inery Output 0.986 0.9 0.9325

Fuel Oil (incl. Bunker fuel) Imports 0.925 0.9 0.9325

Fuel Oil (incl. Bunker fuel) Exports 0.9 0.9325 0.95

F uel O il (in cl . Bu nker fue l) Co nsump tion 0.994 0.955 0.925 0.9605 0.9 0.9325 0.95

White Spirit Refinery Output 0.737 0.885

White Spirit Imports 0.885

White Spirit Exports 0.885

White Spirit Consumption 0.798 0.737 0.73 0.885

Lubricants Refinery Output 0.891 0.885

Lubricants Imports0.891 0.885

Lubricants Exports 0.891 0.885 0.9

Lubricants Consumption 0.88 0.891 0.885 0.9


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country POLAND PORTUGAL SLOVAKIA SWEDEN SWITLAND TURKEY UK USA


Crude Oil Indigenous Production 0.81 0.9328 0.834028

Crude Oil Imports 0.8627 0.822 0.8597 0.84674

Crude Oil Exports 0.834028

Crude Oil Refinery Intake 0.8627 0.87 0.86 0.822 0 .86 0. 83 892 6

NGL Indigenous Production

NGL Imports

NGL Exports

NGL Refinery Intake0.8 0.481 0.5152

Refinery Feed stocks In digenous Production

Refinery Feedstocks Imports 0.848

Refinery Feedstocks Exports

Refinery Feedstocks Refinery Intake 0.7 0.66 0.869 0.8431

Additives Indigenous Production

Additives Imports 0.75

Additives Exports

Additives Refinery Intake 0.775 0.75





Refinery Gas Refinery Output 0.671

Refinery Gas Imports

Refinery Gas Exports

Refinery Gas Consumption 0.92 0.8443


Ethane Imports

Ethane Exports

Ethane Consumption 0.1 0.3663 0.3732

LPG Refinery Output 0.531 0.562LPG Imports 0.52 1 0. 563

LPG Exports 0.564

LPG Consumption 0.53 0.508 0.521 0.562 0.506329

Naphtha Refinery Output

Naphtha Imports 0.675

Naphtha Exports 0. 70 3 0 .7 47 7

Naphtha Consumption 0.715 0.695 0.678 0.7477 0.723589 0.7606

Motor Gasoline Refinery Output 0.75 0.749 0.741 0.7566

Motor Gasoline Imports 0.775 0.749 0.743

Motor Gasoline Exports 0.749 0.728 0.7488


Aviation Gasoline Refinery Output 0.71

Aviation Gasoline Imports 0.71 0.714

Aviation Gasoline Exports 0.71

Aviation Gasoline Consumption 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.71582 0.7067

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Refinery Output 0.7977

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Imports

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Exports

Gasoline Type Jet Fuel Consumption 0.76 0.7977 0.7606

Ke rosene Type Jet Fuel Refinery Output 0.8075 0.8 0.8

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Imports 0.8 0.799

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Exports 0.8

Kerosene Type Jet Fuel Consumption 0.8075 0.8 0.81 0.8 0.799 0.812348 0.7932

Other Kerosene Refinery Output 0.83 0.803 0.7965

Other Kerosene Imports 0.83 0.802

Other Kerosene Exports 0.83

Other Kerosene Consumption 0.83 0.81 0.81 0.804 0.7965 0.801282 0.8137

Gas/diesel Oil Refinery Output 0.835 0.835 0.833 0.8372

Gas/diesel Oil Imports 0.845 0.835 0.833 0.8499

Gas/diesel Oil Exports 0.835 0.833 0.8346

Gas/diesel Oil Consumption 0.835 0.835 0.835 0.84 0.833 0.8372 0.84246 0.8431

Fuel Oil (incl . Bunker fuel) Ref inery Output 0.9225 0.957 0.9687

Fuel Oil (incl. Bunker fuel) Imports 0.9912

Fuel Oil (incl. Bunker fuel) Exports 0.9689

F uel O il (in cl . Bu nker fue l) Co nsump tion 0.9225 0.92 0.9 0.9687 0.969932 0.9444

White Spirit Refinery Output

White Spirit Imports 0.774

White Spirit Exports 0.79

White Spirit Consumption 0.735 0.78 0.774 0.780031 0.7374

Lubricants Refinery Output 0.8883

Lubricants Imports0.8837

Lubricants Exports

Lubricants Consumption 0.885 0.8883 0.877963 0.8909

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