Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerve BSHB a 09

8/13/2019 Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerve BSHB a 09

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KULIAH KE : 31 & 32

SISTEM : SARAF

PEMATERI : ANATOMY BAB (MARTINI) : 13


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IO Chapter 13: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

1. Discuss the structure of the spinal cord.

2. Describe the three meningeal layersthat

surround the central nervous system.

3. Describe the major components of a spinalnerve.

4. Relate the distribution pattern of spinal

nervesto the regions they innervate.


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Sistem saraf pusat dan tepi


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Sistem saraf pusat (SSP)

OTAK & MEDULLA SPINALIS


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2. SISTEM SARAF TEPI

(SST)

12 NERVI CRANIALES &

31 NERVI SPINALES


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THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES

Lecture outline

I. INTRODUCTION

II. GROSS ANATOMY OF THE SPINAL CORD Spinal meninges

Sectional anatomy of the spinal cord

III.SPINAL NERVES Peripheral distribution of spinal nerves

Nerves plexuses


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I. INTRODUCTION


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Sistem saraf pusat (SSP)

MEDULLA SPINALIS


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II. GROSS ANATOMY OF THE SPINAL CORD

II.1 Spinal meninges

II.2 Sectional anatomy of the spinal cord


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Medulla spinalis


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FIGURE 13-1 Gross Anatomy of the Adult Spinal Cord.

(a)The superficial anatomy and orientation of the adult spinal cord. The numbers to the left identify the

spinal nerves and indicate where the nerve roots leave the vertebral canal. The spinal cord, however,

extends from the brain only to the level of vertebrae L1L2.


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L1-2: Conusmedullaris

fillum terminalis

L3: cauda

equina


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Fg13_01.jpg

SEGMEN:

CERVICALIS- 8, THORACALIS-12,LUMBALIS-5,

SACRALIS-5,COCCYGEUS-1


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INTUMESENSIA

CERVICAL

(C5)

LUMBALIS


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FIGURE 13-1 Gross Anatomy of the Adult Spinal Cord.

(b)Inferior views of cross sectionsthrough representative segments of the spinal cord, showing the

arrangement of gray matter and white matter.


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II.1 SPINAL MENINGES


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L1-2: Conusmedullaris

fillum terminalis

L3: cauda

equina


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FIGURE 13-2 The Spinal Cord and Spinal Meninges.

(a)A posterior view of the spinal cord, showing the meningeal layers, superficial landmarks, and the

distribution of gray matter and white matter.


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FIGURE 13-2 The Spinal Cord and Spinal Meninges.

(b)A sectional view through the spinal cord and meninges, showing the peripheral distribution of

spinal nerves.


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FIGURE 13-3 The Cervical Spinal Cord.An anterior view of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots in

the vertebral canal. The dura mater and arachnoid membrane have been cut and reflected; notice the

blood vessels that run in the subarachnoid space, bound to the outer surface of the delicate pia mater.


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FIGURE 13-4 Spinal Taps and Myelography.

(a)The lumbar puncture needle is in the subarachnoid space, between the nerves of the cauda

equina. The needle has been inserted between thethird and fourth lumbar spinous processes,

pointing at a superior angle.


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FIGURE 13-4 Spinal Taps and Myelography.

(b)A myelograman X-ray image of the spinal cord after a radiopaque dye has been

introduced into the CSFof the inferior lumbar region.


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II.2 SECTIONAL ANATOMY

OF THE SPINAL CORD
http://www.echt.chm.msu.edu/courseware/blockII/Pathology/Bone-Infections-Fractures_3f.html


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ARTRITIS TUBERKULOSA
http://www.echt.chm.msu.edu/courseware/blockII/Pathology/Bone-Infections-Fractures_3f.htmlhttp://www.echt.chm.msu.edu/courseware/blockII/Pathology/Bone-Infections-Fractures_3f.html


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FIGURE 13-5 The Sectional Organization of the Spinal Cord.

(a)The left half of this sectional view shows important anatomical landmarksand the majorregions of white matter in the posterior white column. The right half indicates the functional

organization of the nucleiin the anterior, lateral, and posterior gray horns.


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FIGURE 13-5 The Sectional Organization of the Spinal Cord.

(b)A micrograph of a section through the spinal cord, showing major landmarks; compare with (a).


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2. SISTEM SARAF TEPI

(SST)31 NERVI SPINALES


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III. SPINAL NERVES

III.1 Peripheral distribution of spinal nerves

III.2 Nerves plexuses


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FIGURE 13-6 A Peripheral Nerve.

(a)Electron micrograph of a typical peripheral nerve and its connective tissue wrappings, the

perineurium, endoneurium, and epineurium. (SEM X 340) Reproduced from R. G. Kessel and R. H.

Kardon,Tissues and Organs: A Text-Atlas of Scanning Electron Microscopy, W. H. Freeman & Co.,

1979.


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FIGURE 13-6 A Peripheral Nerve.

(b)diagrammatic views of a typical peripheral nerve and its connective tissue wrappings, the

perineurium, endoneurium, and epineurium. (SEM X 340) Reproduced from R. G. Kessel and R. H.

Kardon,Tissues and Organs: A Text-Atlas of Scanning Electron Microscopy, W. H. Freeman & Co.,

1979.


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III.1 Peripheral distribution of spinal nerves


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FIGURE 13-7 Peripheral Distribution of Spinal Nerves.

(b)A comparable view of the distribution of sensory fibers.


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FIGURE 13-7 Peripheral Distribution of Spinal Nerves.

(a)The distribution of motor fibersin the major branches of a representative thoracic or superiorlumbar spinal nerve. (Although the gray ramus is normally proximal to the white ramus, this

diagrammatic view makes it easier to follow the relationships between preganglionic and

postganglionic fibers.)


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DERMATOMpemeriksaan sensorik_ blok neurobehaviour


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SERABUT YANG DIBAWA NERVI SPINALES

SOMATIK/ VOLUNTER : SENSORIK &MOTORIK

OTONOM :

SEGMEN CRANIO

SACRALE:PARASIMPATIS

SEGMEN THORACO

LUMBAL:SIMPATIS


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Perhatikan ganglion sympathicus ---truncus sympathicus

h k l h


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Perhatikan ganglion sympathicus ---


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Perhatikan ganglion sympathicus truncus sympathicus


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Th l b l i ti


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Thoracolumbal simpatis


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Craniosacral : parasimpatis


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III.2 Nerves plexuses


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FIGURE 13-9 Peripheral Nerves and Nerve Plexuses.


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PLEXUS CERVICALIS


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PLEXUS BRACHIALIS


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PLEXUS LUMBALIS & SACRALIS


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PLEXUS BRACHIALIS: C5 T1


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PLEXUS BRACHIALIS


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! n.medianus, n. radialis,n. ulnaris


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Carpal tunnel syndrome: CTS


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PLEXUS LUMBALIS & SACRALIS


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Plexus lumbalis


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Plexus sacralis

! n.Femoralisn.Saphenus


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! n.Ischiadicus n.Tibialis & n. Peroneus communis,

n.Pudendus, n.Gluteus sup. &inf


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n. Thoracalis ramuscutaneus anterior,

lateral, dorsalis


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Plexus sympaticus :


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Plexus sympaticus :celiacus, hypogastricus


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Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerve BSHB a 09