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Sponsored by:September 20101
Manufacturing Wood FuelPrepared by Louise Simmonds
TV Energy
Sponsored by:September 20102
Introduction
• Different wood fuel products
• Waste wood and virgin timber
• Source materials
• Seasoning
• Conversion
• Quality
Sponsored by:September 20103
Wood Fuel Types
• Logs Used in open fires, stoves and batch boilersSold in various volumes/weights from as single sack to bulk
delivery
• PelletsFor small to medium stoves and boilersSold by sack or the loose tonnePellets can be blown into pellet stores
• Wood ChipSuitable for medium to large boilers >50kWSold in bulk by volume, weight and sometimes p/kWh
Sponsored by:September 20104
Waste regulations & wood
Environment Agency position statementhttp://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/static/documents/Research/PS_005_Regulat_of_wood_v3.0.pdf
Virgin timber is timber from:• whole trees and the woody parts of trees including branches and bark derived
from forestry works, woodland management, tree surgery and other similar operations (it does not include clippings or trimmings that consist primarily of foliage);
• virgin wood processing (e.g. wood offcuts, shavings or sawdust from sawmills) or timber product manufacture dealing in virgin timber.
Virgin timbers are not waste and are not subject to waste regulatory controls provided they are certain to be used for purposes to which virgin wood is commonly put. These include use as fuel in an appliance
But if virgin timber is mixed with waste timberor any other waste, the mixed load is classedas waste.
Sponsored by:September 20105
Source materials
Forestry
• Material easily available• Straight lengths• Existing market and infrastructure• Softwood readily available
Sponsored by:September 20106
Source material
Slab wood
• Low moisture content• Sharding can be a problem• Higher bark content
Sponsored by:September 20107
Source material
Tree Surgery
• Free Material?• Irregular sizing• Storage
Sponsored by:September 20108
Conversion to Logs
Logs for Batch boilers
• Uniform size• Straightness• Storage• Moisture content
Sponsored by:September 20109
Conversion to Pellet
• Storage
• Debarking
• Chipping/shredding
• Tumble drying
• Pelletising
Sponsored by:September 201010
Conversion to Wood Chip
• SeasoningStore for a minimum of 1 yearSunny open aspectStack on bearersCover top of stack if required
Sponsored by:September 201011
Conversion to Wood Chip
• ChippingUse correct chipperEnsure blades are sharpConsider using a screen Avoid contamination
Sponsored by:September 201012
Chip Storage
• Weather proof
• Clean and contamination free
• Sides suitable for loading shovels
• Ventilation
Sponsored by:September 201013
Logistics and Economics
• Existing machinery available
• Capital costs of new machinery
• Use of sub contractors
• Storage of round wood
• Storage of chip
• Contract between supplier and purchaser
Sponsored by:September 201014
Quality and cooperation
• Agree fuel requirements for heating season in advance
• Specify fuel to suit the boiler, do not over specify moisture content
• Avoid contamination at every step
• Check quality of Wood Chip and implement improvements as required
• Producer and Customer should work together
http://www.tvenergy.org/