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Sprinkler Buddy
Presentation #3:
“System Level View and
Floor Plan / Sizing”
2/07/2007
Team M3Kartik Murthy
Kalyan KommineniPanchalam Ramanujan
Sasidhar Uppuluri Design Manager: Bowei Gai
“Low Cost Irrigation Management For Everyone ”
Current Status Determine Project Develop Project Specifications (refined)
Plan Architectural Design (refined)
Determination of all components in design Detailed logical flowchart
Design a Floor Plan Create Structural Verilog (Main modules done, working on control)
Make Gate Level Design and Schematic Layout Testing (Extraction, LVS, and Analog Sim.)
A Large and Untapped Market
95 % of the world’s 1.1 billion farmers live in developing nations
These farmers are being forced to manually water their crops due to expensive automation solutions
Current Solutions:Expensive and Un-
Automated Moving towards Drip Irrigation These systems cost from $5 for the most primitive
to $600 for larger farms
Sprinkler Buddy: The Low Cost, Automated
Solution!
Computation of Water Output Equation
Crop Water Need / Day = KC x ETO KC = Crop factor (from look up table)
Look up based on type and stage of crop ETO = (P)(0.46Tmean + 8)
P = Mean Daily % of Daylight Hours (from table) T mean = (T max + T min) / 2 T max = sum of previous 32 days of T max / 32 T min = sum of previous 32 days of T min / 32
53 Inputs and 2 Outputs
Inputs: Max/Min Temperature in degrees Celsius (10 bits ea.) Number representation of crop type (5 bits) Number representation of crop stage (2 bits) Month (4 bits) Water Tank Level (10 bits) Water at Plant (10 bits) Custom System Clock ( 2 bits )
Outputs : Control signal for the electric valve (1 bit) Flag which sets if a water shortage is seen (1 bit)
Architectural Changes Three stages
1st : Loading of new daily temperatures 2nd : Computation of equation 3rd : Water Management Mode (New !)
Daily Update ComputationInputs Water Management
Water Management Mode
Two Main Functions: Hourly Update of Temps Error Code Check and Valve Control Note: Rest of Circuit is OFF during this time!
+/-
Water In Tank
Water to be Output
Water Gauge Reading
2:1 Mux
Error Code&
Valve Control
2:1 Mux
+/-
T Max Reg T Min Reg
Write To Corresponding Register if Necessary
TEMP
Transistor Count …Block (# used) Transistor Count
40:20 Muxes (6) ~480
60:20 Muxes (2) ~720
Counter (2) ~250
KC ROM (1) ~778
P ROM (1) ~82
Metric Storage SRAMS (2) ~2522
Constant Storage ROM (1) ~202
Floating Point Adder (4) ~3000
Floating Point Multiplier (2) ~2800
10 Bit Registers (9) ~140
Datapath Logic / Misc. ~2000
Total =
~ 31,786
Block SizeBlock (# used) Size Estimate (um)
40:20 Muxes (4) 20 x 80
60:20 Muxes (2) 20 x 120
Counter (2) 12 x 17
KC ROM (4 parts) 181 x 8
P ROM (1) 70 x 8
Metric Storage SRAMS (2) 181 x 60
Constant Storage ROM (1) 181 x 8
Floating Point Adder (4) 100 x 100
Floating Point Multiplier (2) 130 x 130
10 Bit Registers (8) 50 x 10
Floor Plan Floor Plan
To Mux
Feedback from Mult
Routing into 40:20 Mux
From Mux/RomsOFF !(during most of the day)
Design SizeBlock (# used) Size Estimate (um)
40:20 Muxes (4) 20 x 80
60:20 Muxes (2) 20 x 120
Counter (2) 12 x 17
KC ROM (4 parts) 181 x 8
P ROM (1) 70 x 8
Metric Storage SRAMS (2)
181 x 60
Constant Storage ROM (1)
181 x 8
Floating Point Adder (4)
100 x 100
Floating Point Multiplier (2)
130 x 130
10 Bit Registers (8) 50 x 10
• 388um x 559 um• 1 : 1.44 aspect ratio• .2 mm^2 area• .142 Transistor Density
Metal Directionality M1, M2
Local Connections Ground and VDD
M3,M4 Clock Global Routing Control Signals
Design Challenges and Implementation
Decisions
Design Challenge Translation to HW
Low Power Design • Reuse Components• Low Power SRAM• Shut-off parts of Circuit
Ease of Use • Error Checking• Minimal Intuitive Inputs
Restrictions of Sensors
• 2’s complement to floating point
Verilog
Problems/QuestionsOur transistor count is highWe are somewhat close to the 2:1
aspect ratio limitAre we being too naïve in the amount of
area we are leaving for routing?Need to finalize the control logic to “turn
off” the computation part of the circuit…
For Next WeekWork on gate level conversion Create Initial SchematicContinue to update/revise floor plan as
needed
References Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN U.S. Department of Agriculture World Water Summit 2006 “Drip Irrigation for Small Farmers: A New
Initiative to Alleviate Hunger and Poverty” by Postel et. al.
Drip Irrigation Picture : http://www.actwithgenius.org/images/Bucket-kit-diagram-print.gif
OTHER SLIDES (just in case…)
Daily Update Mode
Initially load both temperatures w/min going to a register
T Max T Min10
T Min Reg
10
+/-
Sum of T Max Sum of T Min
Mux
Using a mux, pick the T Max input to the adderand add it to the previous sum of T Maxes
T MaxSRAM
T MinSRAM
Counter B
1
Counter A
1
Oldest Value Oldest Value
2:1 Mux
Go into the T Max SRAM and take out the oldest value andreplace it with the newest value.
Increment the corresponding counter to point to next oldest
Take the oldest value obtained, feed it back to the add/sub mux Subtract it from the sum previously computed
Take Tmax’s sum and the correct weight, multiply them, and store the result as the new average of Tmax
2:1 Mux
2:1 Mux
1->1/32
XT Max Avg T Min Avg
Repeat All Steps with Tmin!
Computation Mode
Take the averages from the daily update mode and average them
T Max Avg T Min Avg
+
2:1 Mux
/2 /2
3:1 Mux
X
.46
Multiply the result by .46
8
Add 8 to the resultP
ROM
Multiply with P from anSRAM lookup
KCROM
Multiply this with the KC From SRAM lookup
OUT
The Result is now ready!