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2010 National Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc.

Victoria B. Valentine, P.E.Director of Product Standards

April 6, 2010

All section references are based on the 2010 Edition of NFPA 13 unless otherwise noted.

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Definitions Types of Sprinklers Deflector Orientation Peaks

S Sl Steep Slopes Hydraulic Area Distances Hanging Considerations FPRF Sloped Ceiling Project

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3.3.5.3 Sloped Ceiling A ceiling with a slope exceeding 2 in 12.

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Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers Sidewall Spray Sprinklers

8.4.2(1) They can be used in light hazard occupancies with smooth, horizontal or sloped, flat ceilings.g

They cannot be used in ordinary hazard with sloped ceilings.

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Extended Coverage Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers 8.4.3(4) They can be used with slopes up to 4 in 12

when listed for such use. Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers

8.4.3(5) They can be used per 8.9.4.2.2 for slopes that are more than 2 in 12.

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Control Mode Specific Application Sprinklers They can be used under a sloped ceiling for non-

storage applications. Early Suppression Fast Response Sprinklers

8.4.6.2 They cannot be used where the slope8 6 ey ca ot be used e e t e s opeexceeds 2 in 12.

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12.1.2 Ceiling Slope The sprinkler system criteria

specified in Chapter 12 and Chapters 14 through 20 are intended to apply to buildings

i h ili lwith ceiling slopes not exceeding 2 in 12 (16.7 percent) unless modified by a specific section in Chapter 12 and Chapters 14 through 20.

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8.5.4.2 Deflectors of sprinklers shall be aligned parallel to ceilings, roofs, or the incline of stairsincline of stairs

Helps the spray pattern form properly

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8.6.4.2.2 Where sprinklers are installed in the peak below a sloped ceiling or roofceiling or roof surface, the sprinkler shall be installed with the deflector horiztonal.

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8.6.4.2.3 Roofs having a pitch not exceeding 2 in 12 (16.7 percent) are considered horizontal in the

1 in 12 pitch

horizontal in the application of 8.6.4.2, and sprinklers shall be permitted to be installed with deflectors horizontal.

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8.7.4.2.2 Sidewall sprinklers, where installed under a sloped ceiling with a slope exceeding 2 in 12, shall be located at the high point of the slope and positioned to discharge downward along the slopedownward along the slope.

Same applies to extended coverage sidewall sprinklers.

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8.6.4.1.3 Sprinklers under or near the peak of a roof or ceiling shall have deflectors located not more than 36 inches vertically down from the ypeak as indicated in Figure 8.6.4.1.3.1 (a) and (b).

Same applies to extended coverage spray pendent and upright sprinklers

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Under saw-toothed roofs, sprinklers at the highest elevation shall not exceed a distance of 36 inches measured down the slope from the peak.

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A.8.6.4.1.3.2 Saw-toothed roofs have

regularly spaced monitors of saw tooth shape, with the nearly vertical side glazed and usually arranged for venting. S i kl l t iSprinkler placement is limited to a maximum of 3 feet down the slope from the peak because of the effect of venting on sprinkler sensitivity.

Also applies to extended coverage sprinklers.

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Under a steeply pitched surface, the distance from the peak to the deflectors shall be permitted to be i d t i t iincreased to maintain a horizontal clearance of not less than 24 inches from other structural members as indicated in Figure 8.6.4.1.3.3.

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A.8.6.4.1.3.3 Generally, where applying the requirements of this

section, a surface having a slope greater than or equal to 18 in 12 is needed.

18 in 12

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2 in 12

4 in 12

8 in 12

12 in 12

18 in 12

8.6.4.1.4 Sprinklers under a roof or ceiling in combustible concealed spaces of wood joist or wood truss construction with members 3 feet or less on center and a slope having a pitch of 4 in 12 or greater: Must be quick response sprinklers

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8.6.4.1.4 Sprinklers under a roof or ceiling in combustible concealed spaces of wood joist or wood truss construction with members 3 feet or less on center and a slope having a pitch of 4 in 12 or greater: Must have a row of sprinklers within 12 inches horizontally of

the peak and between 1 and 12 inches from the bottom of thethe peak and between 1 and 12 inches from the bottom of the top chord member

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8.6.4.1.4 Sprinklers under a roof or ceiling in combustible concealed spaces of wood joist or wood truss construction with members 3 feet or less on center and a slope having a pitch of 4 in 12 or greater: Must have sprinklers installed along the eave not less than 5 feet

from the intersection of the truss chords or wood rafters andfrom the intersection of the truss chords or wood rafters and ceiling joists

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8.6.4.1.4 Sprinklers under a roof or ceiling in combustible concealed spaces of wood joist or wood truss construction with members 3 feet or less on center and a slope having a pitch of 4 in 12 or greater: Must have pressures in accordance with Table 8.6.2.2.1(a)

C i T System Protection Maximum

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Construction Type System TypeProtection

AreaMaximum Spacing

Combustible concealed space under a pitched roof having combustible wood joist or wood truss construction with members less than 3 feet on center with slopes having a pitch of 4 in 12 or greater

All 120 ft2

15 ft parallel to the slope

10 ft perpendicular to the slope*

*See 8.6.2.2.1.1: if the dimension perpendicular to the slope exceeds 8 feet, the minimum pressure shall be 20 psi.

11.3.4 Sprinklers under a roof or ceiling in combustible concealed spaces of wood joist or wood truss construction with members 3 feet or less on center and a slop having a pitch of 4 in 12 or greater: Where sprinkler spacing does not exceed 8 feet Where sprinkler spacing does not exceed 8 feet

measured perpendicular to the slope, the minimum sprinkler discharge pressure shall be 7 psi.

Where sprinkler spacing exceeds 8 feet measured perpendicular to the slope, the minimum sprinkler discharge pressure shall be 20 psi.

Hose stream allowance and water supply duration requirements shall be in accordance with those for light hazard occupancies in Table 11.2.3.1.2.

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Perpendicular to the slopethe slope

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8.10.3.5 Residential Sprinklers The maximum distance shall be measured along

the slope of the ceiling as shown in Figure 8.10.3.5 (a) and (b).

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8.10.3.6 Where sprinklers are installed along sloped ceilings, the sprinklers shall maintain the minimum listed spacing, but no less than 8 feet, measured in the plan view from one sprinkler to another as shown in Figures 8.10.3.6 (a) and (b)

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11.2.3.2.4 The system area of operation shall be increased by 30 percent without revising the density when the following types of sprinklers are used on sloped ceilings with a pitch exceeding 1 in 6 (a rise of 2 units in apitch exceeding 1 in 6 (a rise of 2 units in a run of 12 units, a roof slope of 16.7 percent) in nonstorage applications: Spray sprinklers, including extended coverage

sprinklers listed in accordance with 8.4.3.4(4), and quick-response sprinklers

CMSA sprinklers

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Example: Wet system, light hazard, 4 in 12 pitch, 22-foot peak height Select 0.10 gpm/ft2 over 1500 ft2 from Figure

11.2.3.1.1 1500 x 1.3 (slope) = 1950 ft2p Density remains unchanged

0.10 gpm/ft2 over 1950 ft2

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11.2.3.2.3.3 Where quick-response sprinklers are used on a sloped ceiling or roof, the maximum ceiling or roof height shall be used for determining the percent reduction in design area.design area.

Other requirements must still be met to take the reduction

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More than one adjustment may be applicable Area adjustments are compounded Example: Dry system, ordinary hazard group

2, 8 in 12 pitch, 18-foot peakSelect 0 2 gpm/ft2 over 1500 ft2 Select 0.2 gpm/ft2 over 1500 ft2

1500 x 1.3 (slope) x 1.3 (dry) = 2535 ft2 0.2 gpm/ft2 over 2535 ft2

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22.4.4.5.6 For sloped ceiling applications, the area of sprinkler

application for density calculations shall be based upon the projected horizontal area.

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Elevation View

S

Projected horizontal distance

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A.22.4.4.5.6 Where the slope is parallel

with the branch lines, the area per sprinkler for hydraulic calculation purposes would be found p pas As=S x L. Where S = (cos ) S = the angle of the slope S = the distance between

sprinklers on the branch line per 8.5.2.1.2

See Figure 22.4.4.5.6

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S = 15 feet, L = 14 feet What is the coverage

area of one sprinkler?

Pitch = 6 in 12

)126(tan)(tan 11

djopp

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6.2612

adj

ftSftSS

4.13')15)(6.26(cos)(cos'

26.187

144.13'

ftA

ftftLSA

spr

spr

9.1.2.3 Where the pitch of the branch line is 6 in 12 or greater, a reduction in the lateral loading on branch line hanger rods shall be done by one of the following:1. A second hanger installed in addition to the1. A second hanger installed in addition to the

required main hangers2. Lateral sway brace assemblies on the mains3. Branch line hangers utilizing an articulating

structural attachment4. Equivalent means providing support to the branch

line hanger rods

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Fire Protection Research Foundation Project Full-scale fire testing

Pendent and sidewall sprinklers 155F activation temperature 2 room sizes2 room sizes Current 13D densities

Examine impact of slope, beam, sprinkler type, fire location

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Fuel Package

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T i A il 20 2010 f P bl S l ti

2010 National Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc.

Tune in April 20, 2010 for Problem Solutions in Building and Life Safety Codes presented

by Jeff Hugo, CBO.

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