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SPX Low-level RF System WBS APS-U1.03.03.02 (SPX) WBS APS-U1.02.01.03.02 (SPX0). Lawrence Doolittle Staff Engineer/Scientist Engineering Division/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of APS-Upgrade 4-6 Decem ber 2012. SPX LLRF Team. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SPX Low-level RF SystemWBS APS-U1.03.03.02 (SPX)
WBS APS-U1.02.01.03.02 (SPX0)
Lawrence DoolittleStaff Engineer/ScientistEngineering Division/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of APS-Upgrade4-6 December 2012
SPX LLRF Team
SPX LLRF R&D is a collaboration between ANL and LBNL.
The LLRF collaboration team includes
2
ANL Ned Arnold (Controls)Tim Berenc (LLRF)Tom Fors (LLRF)Frank Lenkszus (Timing, SSI)Hengjie Ma (LLRF, lead)
Focus areasLLRF System design, testingRF components development, System integration, commissioning,Inter-system development
LBNLJohn Bryd Lawrence Doolittle Gang HuangKerri CambellJames Greer
Focus areasTechnology developmentLLRF/Timing control Firmware/softwareHardware prototyping
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Outline
Cost, Schedule, Scope– Cost summary, – Requirement, specifications,
Design – Methods, implementation, – Interfaces, system plans
Status – Hardware/code development – Near-term tests
Summary
3
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
SPX LLRF Scope - Cost, purpose, and requirement Cost Summary and WBS
Purpose - stabilizes the cavity rf field to meet SPX RF error Tolerance
4
Spec. Name RMS Value Bandwidth CommentAmplitude Error, common Mode < 7% 0.01Hz – 271 kHzPhase Error, common Mode < 10 deg 0.01Hz – 271 kHzAmplitude Error, diff. Mode(between two sectors)
< 1.0%<0.77%
0.01Hz – 1 kHz1 kHz – 271 kHz
Phase Error, diff. Mode(between two sectors)
<0.038 deg< 0.077 deg<0.28 deg
0.01Hz-200Hz0.01Hz –1kHz1 kHz – 271 kHz
0.038o @2.816GHz = 35 fs -> 1 m of RG214 changing 0.15oC
Table 2: Tolerances for SPX for cross-phase operation on zero crossing.
Requirement 1. Closed-loop control of cavity field rf, and phase drift calibration2. Facilitates cavity resonance control with rf data through EPICS3. Interface with I/OC host and MPS interlock
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Labor Non-Labor TOTAL ($k)
U1 Short Pulse X-Ray (SPX) 2,392 815 225 655 4,087 U1 02.01.03 - SPX R&D 1,006 419 26 266 1,718
02.01.03.02 - Low Level RF (LLRF) R&D 1,006 419 26 266 1,718 U1 03.03 - SPX Production 1,385 396 199 389 2,369
03.03.02 - Low Level RF (LLRF) 1,385 396 199 389 2,369
WBS DIV OH + ANL
G&A ($k)ESCALATION
($k)
DIRECT ($k)
SPX LLRF Design – RF Stabilization Methods Use of two closed-loop controls FAST RF-FEEDBACK LOOP - targets random, wide-band perturbations,
including cavity microphonics, through fast cavity field regulation. CALIBRATION LOOP – targets slower phase drifts in rf signal channels; detects
w/ pilot-tone, feeds the drifts data back to phase set-point for correction. Facilitate cavity resonance control of Tuner Loop with RF data
5DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
CAVITY
LLRF-DIGITALLLRF DRV K
SYNC-HEAD
CAVITY PROBE W/ CAL-TONE
CAL-TONE INJECTION
REFERENCEFROM TIMING/
SYNCHRONIZATIONSYSTEM
TUNERTUNING COMMAND
KLY PWRBEAM
&MICROPHONICS
ANALOG FRONT-END
RF LOOP (GDR+SEL)
CALIBRATION LOOP
BEAM LOOP
TUNER LOOP
RF DATA
SPX
Inte
rlock
Inte
rfac
e
LLRF PERMIT
LLRF OK
QUENCH DETECT
INTERLOCK
LOOP
I/OC EPICSReal-Time Deflection
control
REFERENCE W/ CAL-TONE
CONTROL DATA
RF Stabilization Methods(1) fast RF feedback loop, model
6
H(S)R(S)(S)G1H(S)R(S)(S)G
SPX(s)(S)G
eR(S),SSSKH(S)
SK1K(S)G
c
c
b
Sτ
b
bA
ipc
asfunction transfer loop-closed a rendersit
delay term loop and cavity, klystron, ofplant a and
as expressed controller I-P awith
Standard, fast RF-feedback loop provides a wide-band control of cavity field with• Proportional Control term to cover the full-bandwidth of 0.1Hz ~ 271kHz, and• Integral control action to add emphasis on low end from DC to 1kHz, 20~40dB suppression
Proven FPGA code implementation (SNS, in operation since 2006), enhanced with• Non-I/Q sampling scheme for improved measurement/control precision• 18-bit precision of internal signal data processing• Multi-channel digital radio receiver for processing rf and calibration tone frequencies
Analysis model in continuous-time
Implementation model in discrete-timeDOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
RF Stabilization Methods (2) channel calibration loop Closed-loop control of phase drift in rf signal channels by
1. Inject calibration tone in rf signal transmission channels for phase drift detection, then 2. Real-time compensate the detected drift by applying correction to phase set-point in FPGA.
Technology developed in LBNL, demonstrated at LCLS/SLAC Phase stabilization performance of 3~15 milli-deg. was demonstrated and
reported (Byrd and Huang et al., BIW’10).
7
Cavity Signal
Phase Reference
Temp ControlledSync Head
Double side-bandCal Tone
drift
ADC
LLRF Receiver
FPGADigital Signal Processing
ADC
Phase drift detection algorithm
where
ΦREF,CAV-the calculated phase difference between cavity and ref.ΦRF_REF, ΦRF_CAV-measured phase of cavity and reference signalΦCAL_U_REF, ΦCAL_L_REF-measured phase of upper and lower side-band of Cal-Tone signal in Reference cable.ΦCAL_U_CAV, ΦCAL_L_CAV-measured phase of upper and lower side-band of Cal-Tone in Cavity field cable.
2
2____
____
__,
CAVlCALREFlCAL
CAVUCALREFUCAL
CAVRFREFRECAVREF
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
LLRF Tuner Loop Support Performs cavity resonance locating (during startup) by 2 methods:
1. frequency sweep with LLRF DDS mode (digital freq. synthesis)2. Cavity resonance tracking with LLRF digital SEL control mode
(Self-Excited-Loop).LLRF in DDS control mode LLRF in SEL control mode
Facilitates EPICS closed-loop control of cavity resonance by sending rf data to I/OC for computing cavity detune.
8DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Output RF vector spinning governed by cavity resonance detune (actual data)
Output RF vector spinning driven by LLRF’s DDS (actual signal data)
SPX LLRF Controller – Hardware & InterfacesR&D Model for SPX0
4+2 rf inputs for CAVITY, REF, FWD, REF, KLYOUT, KLY_IN Two RF outputs for KLY_DRV, CAL_OUTOne high-speed SDI to I/OC hostOne ext. timing trigger input One internal timing trigger outputOne serial interface to phase stabilizer board One 3-bit interface with MPS interlock
Considered additions in Production Model Real-time SDI interface (RTDL)Larger 7-series FPGA Additional rf I/O channelsExpanded I/O for more SRF exception handlingOptical isolation between AFE and DFE
9
RF Inputs
A/D
FPGAXilinx
7-SERIES
A/D
A/D
RTDL
I/F
RF .
. IF
REF
8-CH
,12-
bit A
DC
D/A
D/A
RF
IF
KDRV
CAL-TONE
4-CH
,12-
bit
DAC
LO
EXT. TRIG. ININT. TRIG OUT
MPS I/F
RTDL toI/OC
GPIOs
SDI to Timing
RF Outputs
LO/CLK GEN.
A/D
A/D
A/D
CAV
FWD
REV
KOUT
KIN
EXP.
I/O
A/DSPARE IF IN
D/ASPARE IF OUT
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
LLRF System – Integration with Controls vs. data I/O The digital LLRF merges with SPX Controls as a device of EPICS I/OC
10
LLRF DRV wfm
FWD PWR wfm
Cav. Field wfm
Phase Ref. wfm
High-level controls of LLRF via. writing control data to LLRF registers in FPGA
High-level controls read back rf and status data for analysis and uses in other processes
Other signals
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
LLRF System – Site installation planwith 8 LLRF controllers, 2 combined sync-heads, and Real-time data links
11
x4 in Sector-5 (x2 in SPX0)
x4 in Sector-7 (absent in SPX0)
LLR
F C
ON
TRO
LLER
#1,
2,3,
4
TIMING/SYNCH.SYSTEM
LLRF DRV OUT KLYSTRON DRV
CALIBRATION -TONE OUT
RF MONITOR
APS RF REF/SYNC
PHASE REFERENCE IN
CAVITY FIELD IN
RTDL
I/F
RTDL
RF I/
O
TIMINGTRIG
SPX RF PHASE REF for Sector 5
SYN
C-HE
AD, #
1~4
LLR
F C
ON
TRO
LLER
#5,
6,7,
8
CAVITY #1,2,3,4
CAVITY #5,6,7,8
LLRF DRV OUTKLYSTRON DRV
CALIBRATION -TONE OUT
RF MONITOR
PHASE REFERENCE IN
CAVITY FIELD INRTDL
I/F
RTDL
RF I/
O
TIMINGTRIG
SYN
C-HE
AD, #
5~8 LO / CLK
SPX RF PHASE REF. for Sector 7
LO / CLK
KLY #1,2,3,4
KLY #5,6,7,8
TUNNEL
INTLK
INTLK
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – development is actively taking place in both labs. Key component - Cavity field controller base model has been designed, and all four
units needed for SPX0 have been constructed and tested, (one has been delivered for test with SRF at ATLAS)
Supporting components – LLRF Frequency generation chassis, cavity emulator have been designed, constructed, and delivered
Two code versions have been developed and released 1st of the two core-functions – multi-channel LLRF digital transceiver with RF-Feedback
Control, released and tested in October, 2011. 2nd core-function - phase drift detection/correction, finished in July 2012, currently under
tests.
12
FWD PWR
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – code development, management Currently using two source-code version-controlled repositories,
both shared with LBNL's APEX project. Gateware:
369 commits from 3 authors since June 2011 260 files (158 Verilog), 17163 lines, large number of unit and system tests 81 files, 5726 lines specific to SPX 35 files, 2332 lines specific to APEX
Software (USB communications up through EPICS driver and test GUI): 339 commits from 4 authors since April 2011 600 files (some duplicate), 60877 lines 25 files, 798 lines specific to SPX 61 files, 2175 lines specific to APEX
(Both code bases have much longer histories, these dates just correspondto their entry into our version control system (git))
13
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – hardware development Hardware constructed (includes spares and LBNL development copies):
– 4 LLRF/Phase Control chassis– 2 LO/Frequency Generation chassis– 2 Cavity Emulator chassis– Documentation generated at LBNL and provided to ANL includes– Chassis schematics, BOM, and construction packets for five key circuit boards
(LLRF4 and Expansion board, up and down converter, and LO driver)
14
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – Core component: LLRF-Timing controller unit Construction of LLRF-Timing controller chassis with both LLRF
digital transceiver and Timing transceiver board integrated.
15
FWD PWR
LLRF DRV
LO Dist. module
Fiber Optics Beat-Tone Module
Expansion Board(Sync-head Monitor)
LLRF Digital Transceiver Board
Timing Digital Transceiver Board
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – performance tests: RF feedback loop (1) Initial result of rf input channel phase noise floor measurement
(AFE+DFE, with 2011 FPFA code version)Differential between 2 input channels
• <0.002 deg, integrated over 0.1Hz~1kHz; • <0.007 deg, integrated over 0.1Hz~100 kHz
Single channel relative to reference clock: • ~0.002 deg, integrated over 0.1Hz~1kHz; • <0.006 deg, integrated over 0.1Hz~100 kHz
16
• This result indicates that LLRF electronics has a noise floor low enough to allow rf phase measurement resolution down to milli-degree level – a necessary condition for achieving a control precision within the total error budget
• An important basis for using LLRF measurement data for subsequent system characterization.
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – performance tests: RF feedback loop (2)
17
Total LLRF system noise floor level measured by looping LLRF drive back to cavity input ch. (thus the measured phase noise is relative to reference/clock)
Measurement BW: 1Hz~46kHz, @ 2/3 F-S level, no klystron– 10.5 mdeg rms in open-loop– 4.5 mdeg rms in closed-loop mode, no cavity, loop gain~=1
Phase noise spectra, open-loop Phase noise spectra, closed-loop
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – performance tests: RF feedback loop (3)
18
Bench measurement of differential phase error in closed-loop control Two LLRF controllers drive two cavity emulators, both run on a common clock and LO, thus only the differential error by the two LLRF controllers is seen.Measured ~6 mdeg rms differential phase error integrated over 0.1Hz~3kHz, and ~20 mdeg to 1MHz.
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Status – performance tests with HLRF klystron (1)
19
HLRF Klystron
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
LLRF system test rack
In preparation for coming-up Horizontal Cold Tuner Test at ATLAS, a complete LLRF test system rack was built, and tested with high-power RF klystron in EAA area.
Exercised GDR open-loop, closed-loop control with SRF cavity emulator, demonstrated a good control stability.
Effectiveness of rf loop in suppressing the phase noise of klystron HV power supply was also demonstrated (results in following slides).
Status – performance tests with HLRF klystron (2)
20
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Spectrum and accumulated value of cavity rf phase noise when LLRF is in OPEN-LOOP control mode
Total accumulative phase noise of klystron and LLRF with LLRF in open-loop mode. Notice the klystron HV power supply contribution at 360Hz . (in-band measurement)
Power spectrum density of the total phase noise of klystron and LLRF with LLRF in open-loop mode. Note the 360Hz noise line
Status – performance tests with HLRF klystron (3)
21
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Spectrum and accumulated value of cavity rf phase noise when LLRF is in CLOSED-LOOP control mode
Total accumulative phase noise of klystron and LLRF with LLRF in CLOSED-LOOP mode. Notice the 360Hz klystron HV noise has been suppressed. (in-band measurement)
Power spectrum density of the total phase noise of klystron and LLRF with LLRF in CLOSED-LOOP mode. Notice the scale of Y-axis has been down shifted by ~40dB.
Status – performance tests: channel calibration loop
22
FPGA Code for calibration loop was completed in July 2012, and shortly after Function tests with simulated cable drifts were exercised at LBNL for verification Elaborated tests in ANL will follow
This exercise proved the calibration loop correctly detect and identify the phase drifts in the cables, and compensate them by applying the corrections to the phase set-point.
CAVITY-RF REF-RFCAVITY-CAL-LDRV-RFPHASE_REF
FINAL ERR=CAV-(PHASE_REF+SP)
Cav. Cable drift
Cal-tone Cable drift
Ref Cable drift
Set-point change
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
Technical Risks & Mitigation
23
Overall, technical risk of LLRF area is low, and so in the costs and schedule, due to current development status we have, and to the fact that the key technology of digital LLRF control and phase drift calibration from LBNL is proven, and demonstrated (SNS, SLAC).
Concerns of unknown levels of perturbations • environment EMI, • beam loading, • Cavity microphonics (including helium pressure, vibrations, tuner jolt)
Mitigation - Collect data during development, work with the related-system developers to minimize these perturbations as much as possible.
DOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012
SPX Low Level Radio Frequency Scope and WBSU1.02.01.03 & U1.03.03
24
Labor Non-Labor TOTAL ($k)
U1 Short Pulse X-Ray (SPX) 2,392 815 225 655 4,087 U1 02.01.03 - SPX R&D 1,006 419 26 266 1,718
02.01.03.02 - Low Level RF (LLRF) R&D 1,006 419 26 266 1,718 02.01.03.02 - ACWP (includes ANL and LBNL) 255 86 - 61 402 02.01.03.02.02 - Controller 248 246 14 70 577 02.01.03.02.03 - Analog Front End (AFE) 122 25 1 34 181 02.01.03.02.04 - Control System Modeling 23 - - 5 28 02.01.03.02.05 - Cable Plant 95 58 2 32 188 02.01.03.02.06 - Slow Tuner Drive Electronics 99 4 2 26 132 02.01.03.02.08 - General LLRF R&D System Design 90 - 1 20 111 02.01.03.02.09 - Support SPX R&D Storage Ring Test 74 - 6 19 99
U1 03.03 - SPX Production 1,385 396 199 389 2,369 03.03.02 - Low Level RF (LLRF) 1,385 396 199 389 2,369 03.03.02 - ACWP 48 0 - 11 59 03.03.02.01 - LLRF Controller 426 62 48 111 647 03.03.02.02 - Analog Front End 128 148 32 41 348 03.03.02.03 - Slow Tuner Driver 343 107 58 101 608 03.03.02.05 - Cable Plant 109 36 15 38 199 03.03.02.06 - Storage Ring Phase Shifter 72 6 8 20 108 03.03.02.07 - General LLRF Production System Design 124 36 11 30 202 03.03.02.08 - Support SPX Storage Ring Test 135 - 26 37 197
WBS DIV OH + ANL
G&A ($k)ESCALATION
($k)
DIRECT ($k)
Director's CD-2 Review of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project 11-13 September 2012
SPX Low Level Radio Frequency Obligation Profile U1.02.01.03 & U1.03.03
25
Director's CD-2 Review of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project 11-13 September 2012
SPX R&D and Production Milestones U1.02.01.03 & U1.03.03
Director's CD-2 Review of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project 11-13 September 2012
26
u START: Preliminary Design - SPX0 4/10
u START: Preliminary Design - SPX 2/12
u COMP: PDR - SPX0 7/12
u COMP: PDR - SPX 1/13
u SHIP: SPX0 Cryomodule to ANL 4/14
u COMP: SPX0 Cryomodule Test 6/14
u START: SPX0 Installation 8/14 (Note: Aug-14 Maintenance Shutdown)
u COMP: SPX0 Installation 10/14
u AVAIL: SPX0 Ready for Operation 1/15
u START: Final Design - SPX 6/14
u COMP: Final Design 9/15
u START: Major Procurement 10/15
u AWARD: Cryoplant Contract 10/15
u START: Cryoplant Installation 9/17
u COMP: Cryoplant 3/18
SHIP: Cryomodule #1 to ANL 10/17 uSTART: Cryom #1 Installation 5/18 u
COMP: Cryom #1 Installation 6/18 uAVAIL: Cryomodule #1 Ready for Operation 8/18 u
SHIP: Cryomodule #2 to ANL 8/18 uSTART: Cryom #2 Installation 12/18 u
COMP: Cryom #2 Installation 1/19 uAVAIL: Cryomodule #2 Ready for Operation 3/19 u
SPX SYSTEM
FY18 FY19 FY20FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17
SPX Low Level Radio Frequency Milestones U1.02.01.03 & U1.03.03
Director's CD-2 Review of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project 11-13 September 2012
27
q NEED: LLRF Controls for Single Cavity Test - SPX0 9/12
q AVAIL: AFE for Single Cavity Testing at ATLAS - SPX 0 9/12
q AVAIL: AFE for Two Cavity Testing at ATLAS - SPX0 9/13
q AVAIL: LLRF Controller for Two Cavity Testing at ATLAS - SPX0 9/13
q AVAIL: Slow Tuner Drive Electronics Ready for Installation - SPX0 3/14
q COMP: LLRF R&D 11/14
q START: Final Design 6/14
q AVAIL: LLRF Controller 6/17
LLRF
FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15
SPX Low Level Radio Frequency Summary Schedule U1.02.01.03 & U1.03.03
28
Director's CD-2 Review of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project 11-13 September 2012
SPX Low Level Radio Frequency BOE Contingency U1.02.01.03 & U1.03.03
29
Director's CD-2 Review of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project 11-13 September 2012
Summary
30
The total cost for LLRF is $3,982k. SPX LLRF R&D is progressing on schedule. LLRF controller hardware has been designed, and all four
units have been constructed. Two LLRF code versions are developed and delivered to
support near-term tests: rf-loop/calibration-Loop/Self-excited-loop.
Test results of current stage show llrf phase errors within tolerance.
Supporting documents (ESD, ICD) completed. LLRF test stand for supporting SRF Horizontal Tuner Test at
ATLAS has been built, and deployed at ATLAS.
We are ready for CD-2. Thank youDOE Lehman CD-2 Review of the APS Upgrade Project 4-6 December 2012