JuJuna feiqriSvili _ redaqtor-Semdgeneli

srulyofilebasTan axlos _

aseTi iyo

qeTevan ZoweniZe

gamomcemloba `universali~ Tbilisi - 2013

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`me iseTi buneba maqvs, vinme unda mwamdes, vinme

unda miyvardes, Torem arafris gakeTeba ar SemiZlia.~

qeTevan ZoweniZis arqivi daamuSava (damatebiTi masalebiT Seavso), daurTo winasityva, Sesavali, SeniSvnebi da wignad gamosca profesorma JuJuna feiqriSvilma.

© J. feiqriSvili, 2013

gamomcemloba `universali~, 2013 Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. 19, : 2 22 36 09, 5(99) 17 22 30 E-mail: universal@internet.ge ISBN 978-9941-17-957-0

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winasityva

ori wlis win qeTevan ZoweniZis diswulis — qalbatoni leila kvantalianis xsovnasTan dakavSirebiT vapirebdi statiis daweras. informaciebisaTvis gadavaTvaliere misi biblioTeka da xelnawerebi. maT Soris aRmoCnda mozrdili saqaRalde warweriT `qeTevan ZoweniZis piradi arqividan~.

q-ni qeTevani gaxldaT Cemi usayvarlesi maswavlebeli, romelmac studentobis dros ara mxolod qarTuli enis gramatika maswavla, aramed maziara enaTmecnieruli azrovnebis safuZvlebs, piradi magaliTiT Semacnobina adamianTa siTbo da siyvaruli da, rac mTavaria, didi amagi dasdo Cemi samomavlo cxovrebis gzis dasawyiss.

marTalia, aqamdec araerTgzis gamovxate udidesi mad-liereba Zvirfasi maswavleblis mimarT, rogorc farTo au-ditoriis winaSe specialuri moxsenebiT, ise wignebSi gamoq-veynebuli masalebiT (ix. `qarTuli enis moamageni~, Tb., 2006; `cxovrebis gza — maswavleblis mogonebani~, Tb., 2008). garda amisa, q-ni qeTevanis xsovnas mivuZRveni Cemi statiebis kre-buli `enaTmecnieruli Ziebani~ (Tb., 2009), romelic iwyeba jer kidev studentobis dros misive xelmZRvanelobiT damu-Savebuli moxsenebiT (wakiTxuli iyo 1964 wels quTaisis pedinstitutSi studentTa XXIV samecniero sesiaze).

vTvlidi, rom TiTqos erTgvarad ukve mivage garkveuli pativi marTlac gamorCeuli, marTlac ara Cveulebrivi qal-batonis — CemTvis ki saTayvano pirovnebis — naTel xsovnas, Tumca imavdroulad raRac ukmarisobis grZnoba mainc mawu-xebda: guli mwydeboda, rom dRes, roca arnaxuli siswrafiT icvleba sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis yvela sfero da, Sesaba-misad, gansxvavebulia pirovnebaTa sulieri miswrafebani, ma-Ti damokidebuleba warsulis kulturuli Tu mecnieruli memkvidreobisadmi, axali TaobisaTvis cnobili enaTmecnie-ri qeTevan ZoweniZe TiTqmis ucnobia Tavisi gamorCeuli bu-neba-xasiaTiT, niWierebiT, principulobiT, uangarobiT, usazRvro keTilSobilebiT, poeturi amaRlebulobiT...

q-n qeTevans ar uyvarda TviTreklama; cxovrobda suf-Ta, xalasi bunebrivi cxovrebiT da saqmianobda ise, rogorc misi Sinagani buneba karnaxobda, rogorc unda ecxovra, misi

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azriT, yovel adamians yvela SemTxvevaSi da ara situaciebis mixedviT — `dro da Jamis Sesaferad~.

da roca qeTevan ZoweniZis arqivs gavecani, erTxel ki-dev davrwmundi, rom Tanamedrove sazogadoebamac unda ga-icnos erTi mSvenieri qalbatonis xanmokle, magram saintere-so cxovrebis epizodebi, misi sulis wuxili... gaicnos da, al-baT, bevri ramac unda gaiTavisos...

diax, aucileblobad miviCnie, es masalebi (dRiurebi, mimowera cnobil mecnierebTan, axloblebTan, sityva-mogo-nebebi... daTariRebuli 1939 wlidan, Tumca arasruli saxiT moRweuli) erTi mTliani wignis saxiT mimewodebina mkiTxve-lisaTvis.

wignis mizandasaxulobidan gamomdinare, marTebulad CaTvale, saarqivo masalebi Semevso q-ni qeTevanis xsovnisad-mi miZRvnili sxva wyaroebiTac (sagazeTo statiebiT, mogone-bebiT... misi cxovreba-moRvaweobis ZiriTadi TariRebisa da naSromebis bibliografiis nusxiT...); garda amisa, gadavamow-me da gamoviyene Tbilisis erovnuli biblioTekis bibliog-rafiuli ganyofilebis cnobarebi; i. griSaSvilis biblio-Teka-muzeumis katalogebi; g. leoniZis saxelobis qarTuli literaturisa da quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriuli muzeume-bis, quTaisis i. WavWavaZis saxelobis samecniero biblioTe-kis unikaluri wignebis ganyofilebis masalebi...

warmodgenil wigns, cxadia, ara aqvs sisrulis preten-zia. es bunebrivicaa: amqveynad aRar arian qeTevanis kolege-bi, maswavleblebi, axlo megobrebi, uaxloes naTesavTa Tu mowafeTa nawili... am mxriv CemTvis gansakuTrebuli samsaxu-ri SeeZlo gaewia qalbaton leila kvantalians.

Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, gaecaniT q-ni qeTevanis TvaliT

aRqmul sinamdviles, SeigrZeniT misi sulis sifaqize, mi-seuli frazis moqniloba, xibli da poeturoba...

P.S. wignis struqtura-xasiaTis gamo mosalodneli

msgavsi informaciebis xSiri ganmeorebis asacileblad q-ni qeTevanis xsovnisadmi miZRvnili zogierTi statia da zogi vrceli saarqivo masalac ibeWdeba mcireodeni SemoklebiT an amonaridebis saxiT.

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wigni eZRvneba qeTevan ZoweniZisa da leila kvantalianis naTel xsovnas.

S e s a v a l i

qeTevan ZoweniZe

(mSoblebi, da-Zmebi)

qeTevan ZoweniZe daibada 1916 wlis 23 dekembers qalaq qu-TaisSi, samson iosebis Ze ZoweniZis mravalsulian ojaxSi.

samsoni warmoSobiT wyaltubos raionis sofel za-raTidan iyo. iqauri Raribi glexis, ioseb ZoweniZis, vaJe-bi: samsoni, pavle da sergo adridanve wamosulan sofli-dan da quTaisSi dasaxlebulan. iq Zmebs gauxsniaT saerTo patara duqani, sadac ZiriTadad vaWrobdnen matyliTa da TevziT. Zmebi imxanad saSualo SeZlebis mqoneebad iTvle-bodnen Turme.

samsons colad SeurTavs guruli qali ivlita axa-laZe, SesZeniaT 4 Svili (antonina, elene, romani, giorgi). samwuxarod, ivlita male gardacvlila (mexuTe mSobia-robas gadahyolia) da daoblebuli bavSvebi erTxans iz-rdebodnen dedis mSoblebis ojaxSi.

daqvrivebul samsons sami wlis Semdeg SeurTavs meore coli — WiaTureli dekanozis qaliSvili fotine deviZe. saocrad saTnosa da uaRresad keTilSobil foti-nes imTaviTve ar gasWirvebia didi ojaxis gaZRola, bav-Svebis movla-mzrunveloba; sakuTari SvilebiviT Seiyvara da SeiTbo daoblebuli gerebi da es grZnoba maTdami mTe-li sicocxlis manZilze ar ganelebia.

qeTevani samsonis mexuTe Svili iyo. ori wlis Semdeg SeeZinaT meeqvse — aleqsandre (buWa).

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marTalia, samsonis ojaxi ekonomiurad xelmokled cxovrobda (patara, oroTaxian binaSi), magram ojaxSi yo-velTvis siTbo da simSvide sufevda. bavSvebs erTmaneTi Zalian uyvardaT, aseve usazRvro siyvaruliT pasuxob-dnen amagdar mSoblebs. `gangebis usamarTloba iqneboda uTuod, qalbatoni fotinesaTvis vinmes dedinacvali rom ewodebina. igi iyo didi ojaxis dedaboZi, deda, bebia- alersiani da mosiyvarule, moamage da mzrunveli~ (v. bu-ziaSvili, `quTaisi~, 2003, 23 marti).

qalbatoni fotine yofila ara mxolod saukeTeso deda, aramed Svilebis sulieri megobaric: `ra ubedurad gaTenda CvenTvis ori maisi. aRar myavs Cemi sicocxlis Ta-namgzavri Cemi deda, romlis damWknari saxis Sexedva Cem-Tvis uZvirfasesi iyo, misi sikvdili ki mwvave oblobas ganmacdevinebs.

ra martooba vigrZeni da ra simware ganvicade... ra mZime yofila dedis dakargva, dedisa, romlis sicocxlis yoveli wuTi Cvenze fiqrsa da varamSi midioda. Cvenze javrma da sixarulma gaalRo misi guli, guli - didbune-bovani da keTili moxuci uswavleli qalisa, romelsac ojaxis siyvaruli da pativiscema kanonad hqonda gadaqce-uli da yvelas dardi Tavis sakuTar dardad miaCnda....

roca deda cudad Seiqmna, Tavis gadarCenaSi daeWve-buli, magram ara darwmunebuli, mainc yvelas amxnevebda, yvelaze zrunavda, mainc Cvenze fiqrobda, radgan is iyo namdvili deda, ojaxis fuZe, romlis dakargvamac Cvens ke-Til, patiosan ojaxs safuZveli Seuryia, gabzara Cveni ojaxi, dagvaobla da dagvadardiana, agvacremla da mudam satirali xsovna datova CvenSi.

ox, ra simwriT, ra tkiviliT, ra guliT ganvicade Ce-mi damWknari dedis dakargva, romlis yoveldRiurad lo-yaze xelis Sexeba mec da masac simxneves gvinergavda da Svebas gvaZlevda~ (buWa ZoweniZe, 1962, 2 maisi, amonaridi dRiuridan)...

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`...deda iyo CemTvis mTeli samyaro, igi, ubralo qa-li, sxvebisTvis uCinari, namdvili adamiani iyo. fiziku-rad saSinlad sustsa da avadmyofs, SeeZlo yvela SeSfo-Tebuli gulisaTvis Sesaferisi nugeSi eca...

axla me TiTqos gulis didi nawili CamomkveTes da srul apaTiaSi Cavardnils aRaraferi mainteresebs, saSi-nel sicarieles vgrZnob~ (qeTevan ZoweniZe, 1962 wlis maisi, amonaridi ak. SaniZisadmi gagzavnili werilidan).

`bebiaCems bednieri sibere hqonda, radgan Tavs mzrunveli da mosiyvarule Svilebi exvia...

giorgi biZia dedaSviluri madlierebis niSnad yo-velTviurad ugzavnida dedamiss fuls, romelic moxuce-buls sakuTari survilisamebr unda daexarja. gamogzav-nil Tanxas Turme Tan erTvoda Semdegi Sinaarsis baraTi: `deda, gigzavni morig gzavnils, gkocni. giorgi~ (SviliS-vili nana ZoweniZe).

`ojaxis Tavkaci batoni samsoni, mezoblobaSi pati-osnebiTa da samarTlianobiT gamorCeuli, tkbilmoubari kaci gaxldaT. Svilebs wignis siyvarulisa da maRalzne-obriobis magaliTs aZlevda~ (giorgi mWedliZe, uangaroTa ojaxi, `quTaisi~, 22 marti, 2003).

rogorc Cans, samsonisa da fotines pirovnuli Tvi-sebebisa da keTili bunebis wyalobiT, ZoweniZeebis did ojaxSi tradiciad damkvidrebuli sxvaTa pativiscema, siTbo, gulisxmiereba da madlis gaReba momdevno Taobis STamomavlebisTvisac dauwerel kanonad iyo qceuli: `ma-maCemi, eremo ZoweniZe, xSirad ambobda: `ramdeni sikeTe da yuradReba maxsovs samson biZiasagan... ramdenjer moucia Sauriani saCuqrad, es Sen kargi swavlisTviso.~ me samson babuas ar movswrebivar, magram im naTesaur jaWvs, rome-lic giorgi biZiasTan (igulisxmeba giorgi ZoweniZe — J.f.) da mis did ojaxTan makavSirebda, samson babuas... maRali zneoba, siyvaruli da yuradReba sdevda Tan~ (nunu Zoweni-Ze, `quTaisi~, 2003, 26 marti).

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mravalsulian ojaxSi (yofilan 17 dedmamiSvili) aR-zrdili fotine Svilebs bavSvobidanve aCvevda Sroma-saq-mianobas: ufrosebi dedas exmarebodnen umcrosebis mov-laSi, asrulebdnen msubuq saojaxo saqmeebs. ase unergav-dnen mSoblebi Svilebs Sromis siyvarulsa da saqmisadmi pasuxismgeblobis grZnobas. amasTan dakavSirebiT mkiT-xvels vTavazobT giorgi ZoweniZis (qeTevanis Zmis) mogo-nebas: `ojaxSi eqvsi bavSvi vizrdebodiT. yvelas erTmane-Ti Zalian gviyvarda da didi megobrebi viyaviT... erTxel dedam erT xelSi navTis boTli momca, meoreSi xurda fu-li Camidva da navTis sayidlad gamgzavna. Cemma patara dam qeTinom marto ar gamiSva, atirda da iZulebuli viyavi wa-meyvana. navTis savaWro Cveni saxlidan Sors ar iyo, magram am dros quTaisis quCebi kargad ar iyo movlili da gansa-kuTrebiT zamTarSi Wirda siaruli. navTi viyideT da ga-xarebulebi, rom ojaxis davaleba SevasruleT, Sin xeli-xelCakidebulebi vbrundebodiT. is-is iyo, saxlTan mive-diT, rom raRacas fexi wamovde da oriveni daveciT. boT-li xelidan gamivarda, gatyda da navTi mTlianad daiRva-ra. Cveni didi sixaruli udidesi mwuxarebiT Seicvala. vijeqiT oriveni qvafenilze da xmamaRla vtirodiT. gam-vlelebi gakvirvebiT gviyurebdnen, daRvril navTs ase energiulad rom davtirodiT. ar vici, riT gaTavdeboda es Cveni moTqma, rom erTi RvTisnieri kaci ar mosuliyo CvenTan. is jer mogvefera da Semdeg aRgviTqva, rom de-dasTan wamogvyveboda, auxsnida: yvelaferi Cemi bralia, bavSvebs SemTxveviT me davejaxeo. Cemi da gajavrda: Zia, tyuili rogor SeiZleba, Cven gana cemis gveSinia, dediko arafers ar gvetyvis. Cven is gvwyins, rom ojaxis pirveli davaleba ver SevasruleTo. Cvenma axalma megobarma gai-cina, oriveni agvayena, ukanve navTis gamyidvelTan migviy-vana, navTiT savse boTlis Rirebuleba gadaixada, erT xelSi navTi daikava, meore ki Cven Cagvkida da saxlamde migvacila.

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Cemi da mTels Cvens Tavgadasavals dawvrilebiT mo-uyva dedas. ufrosebma me damtuqses: Sen xom didi xar (gi-orgi qeTevanze eqvsi wliT ufrosi iyo — J.f.), vaJkacma kac-ma erTi boTli navTisTvis rogor itireo~ (ix. s. durmiSi-Ze, mogonebis ramdenime furceli: Jurn. `mnaTobi~, 1980, #2, gv. 179-180).

q-ni fotines damsaxureba iyo Turme isic, rom samso-nis yvela Svilma maSindel pirobebSi kargi ganaTleba mii-Ro. roca ufros debs oTxi klasi daumTavrebiaT, mamas uTqvams: qalisTvis meti swavla saWiro ar ariso, magram dedas, romelmac kargad uwyoda codnis fasi (misi erTi Zma eqimi yofila, meore — iuristi, mesame - ekonomisti), ganucxadebia: Cven mdidari xalxi ara varT. Cveni Svilebi codnam unda acxovroso. uTqvams da ausrulebia kidec: antoninas da elenes wm. ninos saxelobis gimnazia daamTav-rebines. gogonebi niWieri da bejiTi moswavleebi yofi-lan. antoninas humanitaruli sagnebi ufro izidavda Turme, werda leqsebs, saukeTesod Targmnida rusulidan qarTulad; elene (lola) ki gamoirCeoda analizuri az-rovnebiTa da maTematikuri disciplinebis saucxoo cod-niT. elenes gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdeg maTematikis mas-wavleblad dauwyia muSaoba sofel simoneTSi, mere ki qu-TaisSi sabavSvo baRis maswavlebeli iyo.

sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebis Semdeg samson Zo-weniZe `gaukulakebiaT~ da yvelaferi CamourTmeviaT. ki-dev ufro mZime mdgomareobaSi Cavardnila mravalsulia-ni ojaxi. garda amisa, `Savsielobis~ mizeziT, maT sxva ba-rierebsac uqmnidnen, magram, miuxedavad ukiduresi ga-Wirvebisa, mSoblebis mTavari sazrunavi mainc Svilebis ganaTleba iyo.

gansakuTrebuli niWierebisa da gasaocari bejiTo-ba- Sromismoyvareobis wyalobiT qeTevanis Zmebi saqvey-nod cnobili adamianebi iyvnen: ufrosi Zma giorgi (1910-1976) — gamoCenili mecnieri, sabWoTa kavSirisa da saqar-

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Tvelos mecnierebaTa akademiebis akademikosi, stalinuri da leninuri premiebis laureati, qarTuli geologiuri skolis erT-erTi TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli, gaxldaT cnobili sazogado moRvawec (Tbilisis saxelmwifo uni-versitetis reqtori, saqarTvelos umaRlesi sabWos pre-zidiumis Tavmjdomare). umcrosi Zma aleqsandre (buWa) (1918-1991) iyo meore msoflio omis monawile, gulisxmie-rebiTa da profesionalizmiT gamorCeuli pirovneba, res-publikis damsaxurebuli eqimi, janmrTelobis sferos Se-saniSnavi (unariani) organizatori, quTaisSi respubliku-ri klinikuri saavadmyofos damfuZnebeli da misi pirve-li mTavari eqimi (yvelaze ufrosi Zma romani 32 wlis asak-Si tuberkuloziT gardacvlila).

`qeTevani da misi Zmebi... aRnagobiT, gansakuTrebiT ki xasiaTiT hgvandnen erTmaneTs, maT gansakuTrebuli uangaroba gamoarCevdaT~ (g. mWedliZe).

diax, samson ZoweniZis Svilebi marTlac gamorCeu-lebi iyvnen niWierebiT, umwikvlo saqmianobiT, principu-lobiT, keTilSobilebiTa da maRali zneobiT.

JuJuna feiqriSvili

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qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovrebisa da

moRvaweobis ZiriTadi TariRebi

1916 wlis 23 dekembers daibada qalaq quTaisSi. 1922-1930 wlebSi swavlobda quTaisis Svidwlian skolaSi. 1933 wels warCinebiT daamTavra quTaisis pedagogiuri teq-

nikumi. 1933 wels Sevida quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis qarTu-

li enisa da literaturis fakultetze. 1937 wels warCinebiT daamTavra instituti da imave wels iq-

ve dainiSna qarTuli enis kaTedris laborantad. 1938-1941 wlebSi swavlobda Tbilisis saxelmwifo universi-

tetis aspiranturaSi enaTmecnierebis ganxriT. 1941 wlidan quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis qarTuli

enis kaTedris ufrosi maswavlebelia. 1946 wlidan skkp wevri iyo. 1950 wlis 28 ivniss Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi aka-

ki SaniZis xelmZRvanelobiT daicva sakandidato diser-tacia Temaze `saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli redaqciis xelnawerTa mixedviT~.

1951 wlidan quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis qarTuli enis kaTedris docentia.

1958-1969 wlebSi ganagebda qarTuli enis kaTedras. 1969 wlis 4 seqtembers gardaicvala. dakrZalulia quTais-

Si, safiCxiis sasaflaoze. 1973-1974 wlebSi gamoqveynda misi monografia `zemoimeru-

li kilokavi~ or tomad. 1974 wels qeTevan ZoweniZisa da k. danelias avtorobiT gamoi-

ca wigni `pavles epistoleTa Zveli qarTuli versiebi~. dajildoebuli iyo sapatio niSnis ordeniT, ramdenime med-

liT, samkerde niSniT ̀ saxalxo ganaTlebis warCinebuli~...

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qeTevan ZoweniZis Sromebis bibliografia

gamoqveynebuli Sromebi

1. — gan Tandebuliani moqmedebiTi brunvis funqciisaTvis Zvel qarTulSi: ib.-kavk. enaTmecniereba, I., 1946.

2. emfatikuri xmovani Zvel qarTulSi: Tsu, Sr. t. XXXIB (gadabeWdilia krebulSi `saxelTa brunebis istorii-saTvis qarTvelur enebSi~, wigni I, 1956), 1947.

3. qvemoimerulis uxuTuri metyveleba: quTaisis pedin-stitutis Sr., t. VIII, 1948.

4. saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli redaqciis xelnawerTa mixedviT (sakandidato disertaciis avto-referati rusul enaze); Tsu, Tbilisi, 1950.

5. ev sufiqsisaTvis zemoimerul kilokavSi: quT. pedinsti-t., Sr., t.X, 1951.

6. zemoimeruli kilokavi: quT. pedinstit. Sr., t.XI, 1953. 7. qarTlur-kaxuri fonetikur-gramatikuli Tavisebureba-

ni ilia WavWavaZis enaSi: quT. pedinstit. Sr., t.XIII, 1955. 8. zemoimeruli kilokavis ZiriTadi Taviseburebani (or-jonikiZis raionis mcxovrebTa metyvelebis mixedviT): quT. pedinstit. Sr., t. XVII, 1957. 9. arqaizmebi ilia WavWavaZis mxatvrul nawarmoebTa enaSi: quT. pedinstit. Sr., t. XVIII, 1958. 10. TurmeobiTi meoris erTi Tavisebureba zemoimerulSi: quT. pedinstit. Sr., t. XXII, 1960. 11. zemoimeruli kilokavi (WiaTuris mimdebare soflebis

metyvelebis mixedviT): quT. pedinstit. Sr., t. XXIII, 1961. 12. imeruli teqstebi: Setanilia wignSi qarTuli dialeq-

tologia, I, 1961 (gv. #344-345; 349-350; 356-357; 363-366). 13. davicvaT saliteraturo qarTuli enis siwminde: gaz.

`stalineli~, 16.VII. 1961.

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14. Прославленный ученый (А.С.Чикобава): газ. `Кутайсская правда~, 5. III. 1963.

15. `siyvaruliT gamTbari~ (sityva, warmoTqmuli quTai-sis pedinstitutSi giorgi leoniZis iubileze _ pub-likacia m. alaviZisa): gaz. `quTaisi~, 1969, 22.XI.

16. uniformaciis tendenciis moqmedebis erTi nimuSi ze-moimerul kilokavSi: ib.-kavk. enaTm. t. XIV, 1964.

17. qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni: gaz. `quTaisi~, 25.IV. 1965.

18. vaJa-fSavela da saliteraturo enis sakiTxebi: gaz. `quTaisi~, 10.VIII. 1965.

19. profesori varlam Tofuria (dabadebis 65 wlisTavi): `quTaisi~, 28.VIII. 1966.

20. zemoimerul da qvemoimerul kilokavebTan mimarTe-biT Suaimerulis sakiTxisaTvis: `macne~ (enisa da li-teraturis seria), #3, 1967.

21. eris didi moWirnaxule (akad. ak. SaniZe): gaz. `quTai-si~, 26.II. 1967.

22. mecnieri msoflio saxeliT (akad. arn. Ciqobava): gaz. `quTaisi~, 27.III. 1968.

23. daviT guramiSvilis ena: quTaisis pedinstit. Sr., t. XXXIII, 1970.

24. zemoimeruli kilokavi (gamokvleva da teqstebi), Tbili-sis universitetis gamomcemloba (564 gverdi), Tb., 1973.

25. zemoimeruli kilokavi (saCxeris raionis mcxovrebTa mixedviT): ix. wignSi `zemoimeruli kilokavi~, Tb., 1973.

26. zemoimeruli kilokavi (zestafonis raionis mcxov-rebTa metyvelebis mixedviT): ix. wignSi `zemoimeruli kilokavi~.

27. zemoimeruli kilokavi qvemoimerulTan mimarTebiT: ix. wignSi `zemoimeruli kilokavi~.

28. akaki wereTlis ena: ix. wignSi `zemoimeruli kilokavi~. 29. daviT kldiaSvilis personaJTa metyveleba: ix. wignSi

`zemoimeruli kilokavi~.

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30. zemoimeruli leqsikoni, Tbilisis universitetis ga-momcemloba, (646 gverdi), Tb., 1974.

31. pavles epistoleTa Zveli qarTuli versiebi (Tanaav-toria k. danelia), Tb., 1974.

gamouqveynebeli Sromebi

32. saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli redaqci-is xelnawerTa mixedviT (sakandidato disertacia).

33. zemoimerulis dargoblivi leqsika (masalebi). 34. gardamaval zmnaTa TurmeobiTis warmoeba. 35. micemiTi brunvis funqciebi qarTulSi. 36. vaJa-fSavela da saliteraturo enis sakiTxebi. 37. ilia WavWavaZis publicistikis ena.

wakiTxuli moxsenebebi

a) quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis samecniero kon-ferenciebsa da sesiebze

1. Tandebuliani saxelebi Zvel qarTulSi pavles epis-toleebis mixedviT. 1943.

2. micemiTi brunvis funqciebi qarTulSi. 1944. 3. —gan Tandebuliani moqmedebiTi brunvis funqciisaT-

vis Zvel qarTulSi. 1945. 4. emfatikuri xmovani Zvel qarTulSi. 1946. 5. gardamaval zmnaTa TurmeobiTis warmoeba. 1947. 6. qvemoimerulis uxuTuri metyveleba.1948. 7. i.b. stalini momavlis erTiani enis Sesaxeb. 1950. 8. ev sufiqsisaTvis zemoimerul kilokavSi. 1951. 9. i.b. stalinis naSromis `marqsizmi da enaTmecnierebis

sakiTxebis~ ZiriTadi debulebebi. 1951. 10. i.b. stalinis Sromebi enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebze ba-

zisisa da zednaSenis Sesaxeb.1952. 11. ilia WavWavaZis ena.1952. 12. ilia WavWavaZis prozis ena gramatikuli wyobis Tval-

sazrisiT. 1952.

15

13. akaki wereTlis ena. 1953. 14. daviT guramiSvilis ena. 1955. 15. zemoimeruli kilokavi. 1956. 16. orjonikiZis raionis qarTlis mosazRvre soflebis

metyvelebis Taviseburebani. 1957. 17. arqaizmebi ilia WavWavaZis enaSi. 1957. 18. zemoimeruli kilokavi (saCxeris raionis mcxovrebTa

metyvelebis mixedviT). 1959. 19. zemoimeruli kilokavi (WiaTuris raionis mcxovrebTa

metyvelebis mixedviT). 1960. 20. zemoimeruli kilokavi (qalaq WiaTuris mimdebare

soflebis mcxovrebTa metyvelebis mixedviT), 1961. 21. vaJa-fSavela da saliteraturo enis sakiTxebi, 1961. 22. zemoimeruli kilokavi (zestafonis raionis mcxov-

rebTa metyvelebis mixedviT). 1962. 23. ilia WavWavaZis publicistikis ena. 1962. 24. daviT kldiaSvilis personaJTa metyveleba. 1962. 25. zemoimeruli kilokavi (zestafonis raionis zogierTi

soflis metyvelebis mixedviT). 1963. 26. uniformaciis tendenciis moqmedebis erTi nimuSi ze-

moimerul kilokavSi (saqarT. ssr. mecn. akad. enaTmec. institutisa da al. wulukiZis saxelobis quTaisis sa-xelmwifo pedinstitutis qarTuli enis kaTedris ga-erTianebuli samecn. sesia). 1964.

27. zemoimeruli kilokavis leqsikoni. 1966. 28. zemoimeruli keramika. 1968.

b) saqarTvelos ssr umaRlesi saswavleblebis qarTu-li enis kaTedraTa respublikur samecniero-meTo-dur konferenciebsa da sesiebze, agreTve, saqalaqo RonisZiebebze

29. qarTuli enis swavlebis mdgomareoba al. wulukiZis saxelobis pedagogiur institutSi (saqarT. ssr umaR-lesi sasw.-is qarTuli enis kaTedraTa III samecniero-meTodikuri sesia). 1955.

16

30. zemoimeruli kilokavi qvemoimerulTan mimarTebiT (quT. pedinstitutis 28-e samecniero sesia, quTaisi, 1964; saqarT. ssr umaRlesi sasw-is qarTuli enis ka-TedraTa VI respublikuri samecniero-meToduri kon-ferencia). 1965.

31. akaki SaniZe — qarTuli enaTmecnierebis patriarqi (akaki SaniZis dabadebis 70 wlis iubileze quTaisis pe-dinstitutSi). 1957, 1 ivnisi.

32. qarTuli enis gramatikis saxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb (maswavlebelTa daxelovnebis institutis quTaisis filialis, ganaTlebis ganyofilebis qarTuli enisa da literaturis seqciis.... mier mowyobil sajaro Ronis-Ziebaze), 1965, 15 maisi.

17

qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovrebis adreuli wlebi

(1939-1941)

dRiurebi

6 noemberi (1940 weli) axla me ukve quTaisSi var. aq cxela. Cvens ezoSi

mdgar cacxvebs rom foTlebi ar cviodes, vifiqrebdi, ga-zafxulia-Tqo. yviTeli noemberi maisiviT kopwiobs, Tum-ca fermkrTali, gacrecili foTlebis cvena Cemze saSin-lad moqmedebs. am foTlebs hgavs adamianis sicocxlec.

romanis avadmyofoba kidev ufro miaTkecebs sevdas. muzeumSi samuSaod wavedi, magram guli ar midgeba erT ad-gilze, raRac garindeba miuflebs da Cem Tavs ver vcnob. galiam gamomiara da muSaoba Sevwyvite, romanis sanaxavad wavedi dispanserSi. eqimma (kokoCaSvilma) miTxra: es mZime avadmyofia, aq misi gaCereba ar SeiZleba, saavadmyofoSi unda gadaiyvanoTo.

vnaxe romani. neta ar menaxa! saxe sruliad gacreco-da da sanTeliviT gayviTleboda. maRal, spetak Subls Sa-vi, naxSiriviT Savi xuWuWi Tma umSvenebda. wverebi wamoz-rdoda da didi wamwamebis CrdilSi cremlebi usxda. mas eZina da ise mZimed sunTqavda, rom Tavi ver Sevikave, ga-reT gamovvardi da saSinlad avtirdi. davtirodi roma-nis udrood damsxvreul axalgazrdul sicocxles, mis dakargul vaJkacobas, moxuci mSoblebis ganawameb dRe-ebs, axalgazrda colis gaZarcul imedebs...

saRamos me da tonia wavediT mis sanaxavad. uCioda sa-Sinel daRlilobas da moSlilobas. TvalebSi cremlebi ubrwyinavda da me momkla am cremlebma, misma sicxisagan damwvarma farTe Tvalebma.

sawyali biWi! ox! man icocxlos da arafers daviSu-reb misTvis. rogor menaneba, rogor mecodeba!

18

8 noemberi romani dRes diliT dedam naxa. mere me, Tina da tonia

viyaviT. romans mxolod alioSa enatreba, sxva aravin. Tva-lebSi dResac cremlebi Cadgomia. saSinlad uWirs sun-Tqva. 7-Si amdgara, palto Caucvams da meore oTaxSi gasu-la. ver SeuZlia da guli Sewuxebia.

saSinelebaa, giyvardes da geSinodes... guli mtkiva, guli... romanis sacodavoba mklavs.

Cven eqvsi varT da vaJebSi sul ufrosi romania. saw-yali biWi! misTvis cxovreba ra orguli aRmoCnda; ox! is gaxdes ukeT da saWiro rom iqnes, suls gavyidi.

saRamosac vnaxeT. lolac iyo. lolam romanis crem-lebs ver gauZlo, uTxra: biWo, vaJkacs ra gatirebs, ar grcxveniao?

sicxe mwvavs, lola, `ledniki~ Tu miSveliso...

9 noemberi romani Rame vinaxuleT me da Tinam. laparaki uWirs,

xma CaxleCia. cremlebi yelSi miTrTis, magram Tavs vika-veb. vamxneveb romans. veubnebi, rom man bevri unda Wamos, cota mokeTdes, rom Cven gaviWirvebT, mas ki arafers ga-vuWirvebT.

ra usindiso xar, cxovrebav, ra saZageli!

17 noemberi romani aRar aris, Cveni biWi, Cveni vaJkaci. 10-Si di-

liT gardaicvala. mwuxarebis burusma dafara Cveni oja-xi. moxuci mamis cremlebi qvas aatirebs.

... dRis pirvel saaTze moviyvaneT romani saxlSi. mas

`ledniki~ enatreboda da `lednikSia~ axla. mwuxarebas ar hqonda kide. simZimilma napiramde agvivso suli.

12-Si JorJika da darejani Camovidnen. maspinZlobac aseTi unda. Cven mas 32 wlis mkvdari vaJkaci davaxvedreT.

19

JorJikas tirili guls miklavs. is igonebs erTad gatare-bul bavSvobis dReebs, mxiarulsa da udardels, igonebs romanis uzomod keTil guls da tiris, ver vakavebT.

... 14-Si diliT romani ukve kuboSi wevs. ra lamazia, ra

fermixdili, ra wameba axatia saxeze! sad hqonda amdeni dardi, amdeni tanjva?

modian da modian... vin iqneba gulqva iseTi, rom ro-manis saxis danaxvam ar aatiros?

dRemdis TiTqos arc ki megona romani mkvdari. dRes ki... ukanaskneli dRea romanis aq yofnisa. 6 saaTis Semdeg is CvenTan aRar iqneba, ara. ra saSinelebaa!

mas sicocxle swyuroda da sikvdilma daamarcxa, si-cocxle swyuroda da Cven uZluri viyaviT es wyurvili mogvekla misTvis. amaze meti saSineleba iqneba gana?!

romani aRarasodes aRar mova CvenTan, arasodes ar daakakunebs morcxvad, xaTrianad. fanjridan arasodes daiZaxebs Cvens saxelebs.

arasodes ar Segvawuxebs. nuTu is miwad da mtvrad unda iqces? gana adamianis bolo esaa mxolod? miwa da mtveri? tyuilia! romani grZnobaa da azri, is siyvarulia, megobroba, sikeTe, vaJkacis saTnoeba, sijiute da kdema-mosileba erTad.

Cemo biWo, Cemo Zvirfaso, Cemo Zamiko, ra undoda, ro-man, SenTan Wleqs, yvelaze jansaRTan, yvelaze mxnesTan?

nacnob-megobrebi modian da Cvens mwuxarebas inawi-leben, magram me veravis vamCnev, veravis vxedav...

mogonebebi mogonebebs cvlian. romanis mTeli cxov-reba Tvalwin midgeba da cremlebic modis niaRvariviT, guli mtkiva, mtkiva guli.

marTla mxecia adamiani. ai sayvareli Zma gamoasvenes saxlidan, amis Semdeg is aq aRar mova da rad gameyina gu-li? civi nakadi mivlis mTel sxeulSi. muxlebi mekeceba. TiTqos mTeli samyaro ingreva CemTvis.

20

Tinasa da zina esaZes mivyavar. rogor Cqara mivdivar, sad miviCqari, sad?

ai sasaflaoc. musikis mravalmetyveli hangebi aci-leben Cem Zamikos saflavis karamde.

vkocni romanis gaciebul marmarilos Subls da oi, guli! me aRar SemiZlia...

2 aprili (1941 weli)

ramdeni xani gavida, dRiuri aRar damiweria. dRes saSinel xasiaTze var. dilidanve ganwyobileba

momeSxama. fexsacmelebisaTvis viyavi naxalovkaSi. iqedan naTesavTan gamoviare. ZaRlma mikbina da paltoc damixia.

nervebi, isedac moSlili, mTlad damefliTa. saRamos antonTan wavedi, wamali wavuRe. mzeqala Sa-

niZe Semxvda da saxlSi Semiyvana. prof. akaki Sin ar iyo. ra kargi coli hyavs akakis, ra kargi gogona! mzeqalas cota-xans vesaubre, mTxova momecada, magram ar SemeZlo. dav-kocneT erTmaneTi da saxlSi wamovedi. lilo Semxvda. orives sevda gvklavda.

ratom mombezrda yvelaferi? me rom dRes metad daTalxuli maqvs guli, ra vqna?

3 aprili... isev marto var, sul marto Cemi siborotiTa da sike-

TiT, ocnebiTa da sevdiT. ra minda, ras veZeb me? Cem winaSe didi, grZeli gzaa —

mizani ki? ra cudia ase cxovreba! bicolam damiZaxa da damanaxa biZis kabinetis win

mdgari akaciis xe. mas kvirtebi gamoeRo. meo, meubneboda bicola, miyvars aseT dros mcenareebi, am kvirtebis ga-mosvliT axali sicocxle iwyeba. ramdeni sixaruli da ramdeni mwuxarebac iSleba CemTvis am kvirtebiTo.

yovelTvis momigone, roca movkvde, am drosao. Tva-lebi cremlebiT amevso...

21

23 ivnisi, 1941 weli

dilidanve vtiri, guli mikvnesis. SabaTs batonma aka-kim (SaniZem — J.f.) damibara: universitetSi modi, enis ka-bineti ixsneba da iq unda imuSavoo.

11 saaTze wavedi, magram me vicodi, rom Seqmnil piro-bebSi kabinetis mowyobaze fiqric ar SeiZleboda. asec moxda.

universitetma kidev ufro momiSxama isedac daTal-xuli guli. yvelas waSlia saxeze udardelobis Rimili, yvelas mowyeniloba RrRnis.

miTxres, JorJika Camovidao. avedi dekanatSi. ar iyo mosuli. arc mineralogiis kabinetSi Canda.

me vici, rom gansacdelSi Cavardnil samSoblos dac-va unda. me mSiSarac ara var. mzad var me TviT yovelgvar mters SevebrZolo, Cemi SesaZleblobebi ar davzogo, mag-ram JorJika rom jarSi unda waiyvanon, es mawuxebs, saSin-lad mawuxebs.

me xom is amqveynad yvelaze metad miyvars. me xom mis Rrma TvalebSi CaRvenTili sevda tkivilebs miSlis gulSi yovelTvis.

mas 3 bavSvi hyavs... ra qnas? buWa — Cemi `Corna~ biWic unda waiyvanon albaT. dedas mwuxareba unapiro iqneba da me vicini kidec...

mTeli Rame qviTinSi gavatare. aTas wyevla-krulvas vugzavni mas, vinc gvaiZula omi dagvewyo. mZvinvare mxece-bi, saZaglebi, erTi muWa faSistebis ZaRlebi!

ra vqna? ra?

SeniSvna: am dRiuriT mTavrdeba bloknotis Canawerebi, romelTa umravlesoba aris wignebidan amowerili saintere-so frazebi, citatebi Tu calkeuli winadadebebi.

22

qeTevanisadmi miZRvnili leqsebi

akrostixi qeTos

I varianti

qarze qnari davarxie! qarma qnari amiJRera! elvis cecxlSi rom gamxvie — exla gancda aRar gjera?! Tvalcimcima mTvares gevxar, Tu cxovrebis bedisweras, odes gicqer, TiTqos mze xar... Tvals axarebs Seni mzera! — magram me ra?! magram me ra?! dadixar Tu zixar, wevxar... mesmis Seni gulis Zgera... TiTqos gancdad guls mawevxar, rom daviwyeb leqsis weras. aRar vici, sad geZebo anTebuli cecxlis ferad. dedamiwis samoTxe xar, Tu ocnebis cecxlis kera! — magram me ra?! magram me ra?! odes sulSi Zeglad dgexar, Camoqnili lerwmis Rerad! TiTqos Cemi gulis tyve xar, gadaviqce msurs simRerad... angelozTa sinaze xar, Tu `eSmakTa pirjvris wera~?! siwyvdiades sinaTle xar! gaSvebuli denis Cqerad! — magram me ra?! magram me ra?!

* * *

da Tu Seni bage mwveli ambors miZRvnis angelosurs, maSin momec Seni xeli da mec mogcem Cem guls mgosnurs.

viqtori 1939 weli, ozurgeTi

23

SeniSvna: es leqsi axlavs avtoris mier iuliasadmi miweril werils. masSi qeTevanis Sesaxebacaa saubari, amitom aqve war-movadgenT CvenTvis saintereso adgilebs.

salami

unda scnobdes sulsa suli, ganicdides gulsa guli, rom Seiqmnas gancda sruli da aSendes siyvaruli!

ivliane! (WuWulebiT...) gugulika! (damjavSneliT...) qeTevan! (idealebiT...) mokiTxva danarCenebs.

...iulia, me Sevadgine leqsTa krebuli `samegobros

albomi~ erT-erTi megobris Txovnis safuZvelze warsu-lis samaxsovro dokumentad. Cemi teqsti saerTo xasiaTi-sa iqneba, xolo TiToeuli gadamweri gadaiwers masze miZ-Rvnils da sasurvels danarCens an mTlian teqsts. Sen yve-laze Zveli xar maT Soris...

cxovrebaSi aTasobiT Semxvedri adamianebi miuyvebi-an daviwyebis mdinares da mexsierebaSi rCebian mxolod zogierTebi. am zogierTebTaganac zogi Zlier fermkrTa-lad da mxolod TiTo-orolebi —mkveTrad. Cemi krebuli ki mxolod zogierTs iTavsebs, imaTgan, romlebic mkveT-rad aRbeWdilan mexsierebaSi da amave dros sulis siR-rmeSic damkvidrebulan. amitom mas bevri wevri ar gaaC-nia, magram miT ukeTesi misi RirsebisaTvis. visac `yvela pirobebSi~ ar SeuZlia megobrad darCes, igi arc mimaCnia me megobrad da arc SemiZlia Sevitano krebulSi. sikvdi-lic rom ver sTiSavs megobrobas da dakarguli materia sulier mogonebaTa pativiscema-siyvarulis SuqSi iSle-ba... aseTi megobroba mwams, me aseT megobars vetrfi...

qeTos gadaeciT, marTalia, Sen bevri qaliSvili gama-cani, magram me mainc Sen mirCevnixar yvelas-Tqo. miuxeda-vad Cveni diametriulad sawinaaRmdego temperamentisa, me mgonia, mainc Sesabamisi sulieri monacemebis viqnebiT.

24

Tumca masTan am sakiTxze saubari jer ar SemiZlian, saami-sod mas jer kidev ar vicnob. me ki Sinagani raobis da am raobis Tvisebriv Taviseburebebis gareSe adamianebs ver davukavSirdebi megobruli principebis TvalsazrisiT.

kargi gogoa qeTo, magram es sikarge srulyofili iq-neba, Tu misi sulic ganaTebulia sikeTis Tbili grZnobiT da ar Tavdeba martooden sxeulebrivi formebis garegani garSemowerilobiT. ramdenadac `saxe sulis sarkea~ _ ki, igi kargi gogo unda iyos. me masac davuwere akrostixi...

vugzavni exla erT variants. viqtori

aqa wigni farnaozisa qeTevanTan miwerili (leqsi farnauli)

1. ulicaSi daginaxe, modiodi, qeTo, gamibrwyinda ndomiT saxe, msurda racxa meTqo. 2.ar momxede, Caiqrole rogorc paraozma, Cemi guli gaiyole, ra vqna farnaozma? 3. mTel dunias mirCevnia Seni saxe nazi!

megobrad amirCevixar, ar miTxra atkazi! 4. padiezdo Cemi grZnobis, sulis koridoro, wyarov Wkuisa da brZnobis, uynoselo kokoro! 5. jvris weriza vnaxoT rodis mama kalistrate? vah! viqcevi... es ra momdis! Cqara amitate!

Seni farnaozi

Tfilisi, muzeumis karebi (reiza ar mekarebi?)

3.II.41

25

aqa wigni qeTevanisa pasuxad farnaozs

1. Senma wignma sixarulis frTa Semasxa meo. gamimrTela wyluli gulis Seni kvnesa meo! 2. dagaswrebdi, magram, ici, aseTia wesi... gamogyvebi rogorc kvici, viwvi Canakvesi!

3. gaumxile es ambavi nadias da lilos, miSas moaride Tavi, rom ar Segecilos! 4. am werilTan mogiZRveni erTi cxeli `paCi~. didebul ars bedi Cveni, male wavalT mmaCSi!

Seni qeTino

Tbilisi, 4.II.41

epilogis magier

wuTisoflis stumrebi varT, Cven wavalT da sxva darCeba. Tu xandaxan ar vianglebT, amis meti ra SegvrCeba!

xalxuri SeniSvna: 1. farnaozisa da qeTevanis `wignebi~ daweri-

lia erTi xeliT. orives avtori farnaozia. garda amisa, ar-qivSi inaxeba qeTevanisadmi miZRvnili kidev ori saxumaro leqsi farnaozisa, magram maTSi zogi adgilis wakiTxva ar mo-xerxda, amitom aRar ibeWdeba.

2. leqsebSi naxsenebi pirovnebani iyvnen aspirantobis-droindeli nacnob-megobrebi.

26

qeTevan ZoweniZis

cxovreba da moRvaweoba

1941-1969 wlebSi

1941 wlidan, aspiranturis damTavrebis Semdeg, q. Zowe-

niZem muSaoba daiwyo quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi qar-Tuli enis kaTedris maswavleblad, kiTxulobda enaTmecnie-rebis sxvadasxva kurss...

igi sruliad axalgazrda Cadga pedagogiuri institu-tis rCeul leqtorTa rigebSi.

`pedagogiur institutSi istoriis fakultetze

vswavlobdi. rig disciplinebSi leqciebi enisa da litera-turis specialobis studentebTan erTad gvitardeboda... maSin quTaisSi saleqcio kursis wasakiTxavad jer kidev Camodiodnen saxelovani mecnierebi da am mxriv ganebivre-buli viyaviT, magram Cveni filologi Tanakurselebi pro-fesor-maswavlebelTa am brwyinvale kohortaSi mainc ga-moarCevdnen qeTevan ZoweniZes, romelsac maSin jer kidev ar hqonda mopovebuli samecniero xarisxi da wodeba, mag-ram Tavisi erudiciiT, gadacemis unariTa da studenteb-Tan damokidebulebiT udides pativiscemasa da siyvaruls imsaxurebda.

sakvirveli mxolod is iyo, rom Tavis asakTan Sedare-biT umkacresi qali gaxldaT, garegnul gulTbilobas ar iCenda, magram ubadlo uSualobisa da samarTlianobis ga-mo xuTosan da orosan studentebs TiTqmis Tanabrad uy-vardaT~ (giorgi mWedliZe).

poezia, mwerloba mudam iyo qeTevanis sulieri sazrdo,

razedac metyvelebs mis mier Cawerili uamravi lamazi fraza Tu brZnuli gamonaTqvami... zepirad icoda misi Tanamedrove

27

poetebis leqsebi, romlebic axalgazrda leqtoris leqcieb-ze xSir-xSirad gaxmiandeboda xolme.1

Tavadac werda, furcels andobda sakuTari sulis fo-riaqs, romelic zogjer sacnaurdeboda axloblebisa da me-gobrebis werilebSi.2

severian isianis frontuli werilebi

qeTevan ZoweniZis Tanakurseli gaxldaT poeti severian isiani (daiRupa 1943 wels frontze. dakrZalulia brianskis ZmaTa sasaflaoze).

qeTo! guliTadi salami!

guSin gadmomces Seni werili. ucbad davxede konvertis kides da Seni gvari amovikiTxe. erTad vigrZeni gaoceba da sixaruli. gaoceba — radgan am werils ar movelodi, sixaruli ki gasagebia. Cems cxovrebas bevri ar axsovs dRe iseTi sasixarulo, viT guSindeli.

guSin gadmomces Seni werili da mogonebani dResac ar mSordebian, mogonebani Cemi cxovrebis oqros dReebze: mSobliuri qalaqis instituti... megobrebi... alublis baRi... veneras sasTumalTan gasuli saaTebi...

1 arqivSi inaxeba Tormetfurclian rveulSi qeTevanis lamazi kaligrafiiT gadawerili ana kalandaZis, albaT, jer kidev wignad daustambavi leqsebi: `Tqvi, Wia-maia!~, `me mzes vumRe-reb~, `arabi xar?~, `maS, vina xar?~, `TaTris gogonav!~, `ra var? stviri var!~, `TuTa~, `sasaflaoze qari daZrwis~, `kalanda~, `boSa qali~, `modioda nino mTebiT~ da ramdenime usaTauro leqsi. 2 `samwuxarod~, arqivSi aRmoCnda am werilebis mcire nawilis Savi pirebi (maT Soris zogi arasrulia), danarCenebis Sesaxeb garkveul warmodgenas Segviqmnis adresatebis pasuxebi.

28

venera! Cems xsovnaSi igi yovelTvis TqvenTan aris. venera _ varskvlavi fermixdili da ucnauri sinaziT

gamomzirali. venera _ varskvlavi Camqrali udrood. uneburad magondeba striqonebi Senze, misi daRupvis

Semdeg dawerili. is striqonebi aravin icis. icis mxolod Cemi mcire xelnawerebis ujram.

guSin gadmomces Seni werili da dResac ramdenjerme gadavikiTxe me igi. isev is xelnaweri, asoebi saTuTad mijrili, Taviseburi da sayvareli, rogorc buneba Seni.

vambob: ramdenjerme gadavikiTxe, ra saTqmelia, Tumca an ratom ar aris saTqmeli?

me ara miSavs. fronti, sadac erTad dadian sikvdili da

ukvdavebac. germanuli yumbaris namsxvrevi marjvena fexSi. hospitlis kedlebi mosawyeni, mosawyeni... kvlav fronti, dRes ki azerbaijanis mzisqveSeTi. cxadia, droebiT.

maxsovs dantes daxatuli jojoxeTi, da ra uferuli gamoCnda igi jojoxeTTan, romelic me araerTxel minaxavs. minaxavs: ulamazesi qalaqebis cxeli nacari, mSvidobian moqalaqeTa dasaxiCrebuli gvamebiT savse ormoebi, deda TvalebdaTxrili da nawnavebsisxliani (xelebi rom waqceuli akvnisaken gauSveria), sisxliani miwa saxrCobelebis Savi CrdilebiT da yvelaferi is, rac dasaweradac Znelia da warmosadgenad kidev ufro Zneli.

am jojoxeTis avtorebi me adamianebad arasodes warmomidgenia da maxarebda yoveli mokluli germaneli.

brZola ufro gamZafrda. mterma Tergis xeobaSi Semodga sisxliani TaTebi. Tundac mogviklan Tavisufleba da sityva qarTuli, magram ara! WaRara kavkasiis kldekars ver SemoaReben hitlereli urCxulebi. rusTavelisa da juRaSvilis xalxs ar uweria gadaSeneba.

mec male iq viqnebi, sadac `mtarvals aRudga qarTvlis qveloba~. memaxsovreba Seni sityvebi: `wyevla da

29

risxva sazizRar hitlerelebs amdeni sisxlisa da amdeni cremlisaTvis~.

guSin gadmomces Seni werili da mogonebani kvlav ar masveneben, ufro da ufro cocxldebian gardasuli feradebi `cxovrebis gazafxulisa~.

Tumca ara marto dRes. brZolis vels yovelTvis cecxlis enebi rodi hfaraven. xom warmogidgenia siCume grigalis Semdeg, samaruli siCume? msgavsi siCume, xandaxan, frontzedac Camovardeba xolme da, ai, maSin SemoiWreba sulSi sul sxva grigali. grigali ucnauri, romelsac me mogonebebs veZaxi.

am grigalSi xSirad vxedavdi qeTos (Sen), veneras, Tinas, lilos, lubas, galias, antons... vxedavdi vaJaze gagiJebul zandukels, varlam Tofurias Tmis vercxlsa da mesmoda angia boWoriSvilis ucnaurad moWrili msjeloba. manasesac vxedavdi (kontrastebi yovelTvis miyvarda) win xelebgaSverilsa da fexis cerebze Semdgars.

aseTi yofila adamiani: yvelgan gahyveba Turme guli Tavisi da sayvareli garemo.

daiko, Sens werilSi raRac `mokiTxvis baraTs~ axseneb, scdebi. poeziaa CemTvis mogonebac Tqveni. poeziaa CemTvis, rom mwer: sul, sul, sul kargad iyavio. poeziaa CemTvis (mrisxane da momwodebeli) wyevla da risxva, hitlerelebs rom ugzavni, da poeziaa CemTvis erTguli dis sityvebi Tavis Zma buWaze.

guSin gadmomces Seni werili da mas Cems savele CanTaSi jer ar Cauxedavs, CanTaSi, romelic yvelafers inaxavs: leqsis xelnawersac da politmecadineobis konspeqtebsac, marikas baraTebsac da saartilerio srolis sqemasac. Sens werils marcxena gulisjibe mivuCine. igi werilia Cemi bavSvobisa da siWabukis maradsaxsovari megobrisa.

au! ramdeni, ramdeni miweria!... me ar vici ra damiweria. `mokiTxvis baraTi~ Tu sxva ram, vici mxolod

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erTi: guSin gadmomces Seni werili da dRes mSvidad yofna ar SemiZlia.

gisurveb janmrTelobas. darwmunebuli iyavi, rom yovelTvis win gamiZRveba Tqveni megobroba, samSoblos siyvarulTan SeerTebuli.

sabrZolo salamiT marad da maradis iqiTac Seni pativismcemeli severian isiani

14.10.42 q. kazaxi

moqmedi armia, 31.5.43

SeniSvna: isianis pirveli werilisa da Ria baraTis dednebi amJamad inaxeba g. leoniZis saxelobis qarTuli literaturis saxelmwifo muzeumSi.

qeTo!

am saxels epiTeti rad unda, radgan mas Sen atareb.

igi yovelgvar epiTetze didi da lamazia. magram eg axla saWiro ar aris, droc ar aris.

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xSiria: guli wers, Semdeg gonebis Tvali gadaxedavs da gaasworebs xolme. CemTan aseTi ram iSviaTia: vwer mTe-li uSualobiT da rasac vwer, siyvaruli mawerinebs.

magram eg axla saWiro ar aris, droc ar aris. arsebobs megobroba dauviwyari. mas uweriloba ver

gaafermkrTalebs, verc droTa avdari gadaSlis feradebs misas, aseTia megobroba Cveni.

magram eg axla saWiro ar aris, droc ar aris vTqvaT, yvelaferi daviviwye, im dReebs mainc ra damaviwyebs, roca...

me isev veRirse mimeRo megobrebis werili, mimeRo Se-ni werili da ise didia Cemi sixaruli, rom Cemsave sityveb-Si veRar eteva igi. vwer am striqonebs da fiqriT TqvenTan var, `netar dReebis tkbil megobrebTan~.

s. isiani.1

`fiqrebi da warmosaxvani~

29.12.48 Zilis win sinaTles vaqrob. vcdilob araferze vifiq-

ro, araferi warmovidgino, gangeb ar gamoviwvio sagnebi. jer sibnelis mets arafers aRiqvams Tvali. TandaTan

bnels naTeli emateba da vxedav usagnod mxolod mtredis-fer sivrces, romelsac odnav monacrisfero elferi dah-kravs. mere bundovani suraTebi, romelTa Soris gamoikve-Ta: mTis gamoburcul wina kalTaze faras mowyvetili

1 mix. alaviZe sagazeTo statiaSi `Sinmousvleli meomari poe-tebi~ (gaz. `quTaisi~, 1965, 25.IV) werda: `docenti qeTevan Zo-weniZe saTuTad inaxavs megobari poetis severian isianis or lirikul leqss da or safronto werils... mkiTxveli moelis q. ZoweniZis saintereso mogonebas poetis ucnob nawerebTan erTad.~ m. alaviZe sxva statiaSic aRniSnavda: q. ZoweniZis ar-qivSi inaxeba mogoneba poet severian isianzeo. samwuxarod, garda zemoT warmodgenili masalebisa, dRes meti aRarafe-ria Semonaxuli.

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cxvrebis jgufi, yvelani TeTri SeWuWyianebuli bewviT, SemkrTalni, abuzulni, uZravni. mTis iqiT buCqebis kontu-rebi, romlebic ikargebian nislSi, ucbaT. am sanaxaobas cvlis meore: narinjis velebi da Sors, am velebis bolos, gzis gadaRma, zRva lurji da livliva. Camavali mzis elva-rebiT cimcimebs didi farTo zoli zRvis zedapirze, mzis gaswvriv. mewamuli ca zRvas mihkvria. mzes nelinel elva-reba akldeba da bindSi iZireba es zRvac, es narinjebic, es mzec.

mzis adgilas, TiTqos zRvis qafidan amodiso, aRiqme-ba mTeli Tavis mbrwyinavi silamaziT qalis saxe: moSvil-dul warbebs Soris xali, didi wamwamebiT moCrdilul nacrisfer TvalebSi ganuzomeli kaeSani (es saxe me vnaxe `indoeTis akldamebSi~). minda ar vxedavde am mSvenier, moRlil, datanjul saxes, magram ver vaxerxeb. axla igi moCans ekranze. nacrisferi fonidan iyureba Tvalebi di-di da mwuxare. Tovs, Tovs xvavianad. fifqebi dafarfate-ben da ekvrian am saxes, zogjer fifqebSi imaleba saxis ro-melime nawili, magram yovelTvis vxedav naRvlian Tvalebs da warbebs Soris xals. aTovs saxes, magram masze erTi kun-Tic ar iZvris. Camodga rZisferi nisli, mas saxe jer ar da-ufaravs. fifqebi aRar ixedeba, naTlad aRiqmeba rZisfer nislSi xorblisferi saxe da me ferebs-Ra varCev da ucna-uria: vxedav gauwmendeli ficris namtvrevebs, uTavbo-lod miyrils, sadRac Zveli saxlis kuTxeSi, Cems axlos. ficris namtvrevebi farTo araa, sigrZe ganze cota meti eqneba. moCans kidev raRac sagnebi, magram ise swrafad ic-vlebian isini, erTmaneTSi merevian da Tvali maT aRqmas ve-Rar aswrebs.

5.1.49 gvian vwvebi. ise meZineba, rom survilic ar maqvs ra-

mes vxedavde (me mainc miWirs, rom gangeb gamoviwvio sura-Tebi. roca vcade, warmodgenebs an fantazias Tavi ver da-

33

vaRwie) da ai, sruliad moulodnelad, Zalian naTlad aRiqvams Tvali aseT suraTs: orsarTuliani aguris Seno-ba, droTa avdrisagan agurs Tavisi feri ucvlia, ratom-Rac, TiTqos wyliTaa gaJRenTilio, ufro muqi gamxdara. alag-alag xavsis feri dahkravs, gansakuTrebiT Senobis Zira nawils. Sesavali TaRiseburi aqvs. kibe ar moCans. sax-lis win patara ezoa. ezos Sua nawilSi erTaderTi xea mag-nolisaa: maRali, totebgaSlili, amayad amarTuli. mwva-ned axaverdebul foTlebSi aqa-iq moCans yviTeli foTle-bic. zog maTgans yavisferi dahkravs.

ezos rkinis moajiri aqvs SeJangebuli. quCa viwroa, etyoba, romeliRac quCis Sesaxvevia.

marcxnidan sul axlos mas hkveTs mTavari quCa. quCis gani mTlianad Cans. me mas aRviqvam Senobis mopirdapire mxri-dan. ixedeba qvasobilTa Soris balaxic.

gasaocari mdumareba da nacrisferi dRis janRi ig-rZnoba.

4 saaTia. saSinel daRlilobas vgrZnob. kiTxvas Tavi

davanebe da magidas daveyrdne TvaldaxuWuli: cota xniT Sevisveneb-meTqi. arc vcdilvar, rame damenaxa. vcdilvar ki ara, arc ki gamxsenebia, rom me mainteresebda sagnebis danaxva da mainc davinaxe aseTi suraTi: usaxeluro bondis xidTan vdgavar. niaRvariviT movardnil gacofebul mdi-nares SuaSi gautexia xidi, magram Cazneqili ki ar aris, ficrebi zeviT amoweula da samkuTxedis forma miuRia. urCxuliviT dagragnili gaborotebuli talRebi exeTqeba

34

gansakuTrebiT xidis am nawils. xidis bolos patara xis qoxia, romelic adidebul mdinares ise gadauxria, rom SiSs iwvevs, male sul ar walekos-Tqo. Tvali wvdeba mxo-lod am qoxamde: damtvreuli bondis xidi, es qoxi da am-Rvreuli cofmoreuli mdinare, romelsac sakmaod farTo (rionze gacilebiT meti) kalapoti aqvs.

es suraTi me dasvenebas miSlis da vbrazob, magram mi-si sijiute makvirvebs; sanam Tvali ar gavaxile da xelaxla kiTxva ar daviwye, misi mocileba ki ara, sxva suraTiT Sec-vlac ki ver SevZeli.

sakandidato disertacia

1950 wels qeTevan ZoweniZem warmatebiT daicva diserta-

cia Temaze `saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli re-daqciis xelnawerTa mixedviT~ da moipova filologiis mec-nierebaTa kandidatis xarisxi.

`... man dawvrilebiT Seiswavla am Zeglis aqauri (Tbi-

lisisa da quTaisis) xelnawerebi da gamoarkvia maTi re-daqciuli saxe... disertacia Cinebuli gamovida~.

akaki SaniZe, mecnier-xelmZRvaneli

`sadisertacio naSromSi mis avtors gamovlinebuli aqvs axali momentebic. magaliTad, -gan Tandebuliani moq-medebiTis funqcia. naCvenebia am movlenis Casaxvisa da gan-viTarebis suraTi ara marto pavles epistoleebis mixed-viT, aramed Zveli qarTuli enis sxva Targmnili Tu origi-naluri Zeglebis mixedviTac. ase iqceva sxva SemTxvevaSic avtori, roca ki sagulisxmo raime moments SeniSnavs kvle-vis dros misi Zeglis mixedviT dasmul problemasTan da-kavSirebiT. amrigad, sadisertacio naSromSi ara marto ubralo aRnusxva mogvepoveba saxelTa brunebisa, rome-lic adasturebs imas, rac dRemdis gamoTqmula mecniere-

35

baSi mis Sesaxeb, aramed masSi cdacaa, zogierTi koreqtivi iqnes Setanili ama Tu im momentis SefasebaSi, ise rom aRi-niSnos axalic da amiT sakuTari sityva iTqvas sakiTxis kvlevis dargSi.

avtoris ena kargia. misi naweri yovelmxriv gamarTu-lia, stili naTelia. ~

ilia abulaZe, oficialuri oponenti `disertantma sul cota sami mniSvnelovani sakiTxi

gaarkvia da amdenad Cveni codna gaamdidra. es sakiTxebia: 1. emfatikuri xmovnis uxmarebloba brunvebSi; 2. — gan Tan-debuliani moqmedebiTis funqcia; 3. nawevris adgilis gan-sazRvra.

am mTavari miRwevebis gareSec Sromis yoveli Tavi, gamouklebliv, raime axals da amdenad dadebiTs Seicavs, iqneba es movlenis dadgena Tu misi axsna. Zvel qarTulTan saerTo Tu gansxvavebuli movlenebi ise reliefurad aris warmodgenili da sakiTxebi ise mkveTrad da naTlad das-muli, rom mkafiod Cans avtoris Zala da SesaZlebloba, rogorc mkvlevarisa, safuZvliani codna masalisa da samecniero literaturisa, unari uzado analizisa da SedegTa ganzogadoebisa da, rac xazgasasmelia, unari misabaZi werisa.

avtoris gankargulebaSi arsebuli masala imdenad erTferovani da sayovelTaod cnobili iyo, rom SeiZle-boda migveRo faqtebiT aRsavse sakmaod ugemurad daweri-li naSromi.

disertantis sasargeblod unda iTqvas, rom masala ise zomierad da SerCeviTaa mowodebuli, ise moxdenila-daa dalagebuli da gaucveTeli winadadebebiTaa gadmoce-muli, imdeni cocxali azri axlavs, rom gamokvleva sasia-movno STabeWdilebas axdens~...

varlam Tofuria, oficialuri oponenti

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qeTevanisadmi miZRvnili leqsebi da narkvevi

pat. q. ZoweniZes

o, lamis aris Tqvengan wamebam ar amitexos gulis friali, sakvirvelia, mainc rad miyvars `gulis gamxeTqi~ adamiani.

Tumca rad mikvirs, sityvas magiers sxva leqtors aTass vetyvi elvians, aTass vin Civis, TqvenTvis erTic ki, - erTi sityvac ver gamibednia...

ramdenjer `lanZRviT~ SemamkeT srulad, vijeq bavSviviT TavCaRunuli, sxvebTan amays da sxvebTan didgulas TqvenTan damwvia sityvis bululi.

Tqveni danaxvac moqmedebs ramdens, mainc gadarebT Rames mTvarians, TavSi damkravs da fexis gulamde eleqtrodenis msgavsad gamiars.

da mainc versad ver gageqcevi, ver getyviT mainc sityvas sxva xmaze vici, rom cudi ar gindaT CemTvis, dResac movedi TqvenTan CaTvlaze.

da vici axlac, rom ar CamiTvliT, merxze var rogorc mTvrali mayari, leqsad gadmomaqvs gulis nafiqri, vambob, Tavs zeviT Zala ar ari.

mainc davdivar, saxemRimari, momagondebiT, var naRvliani... vfiqrob: - mawvalebs da raRad miyvars es `mwvalebeli~ adamiani?!

37

da mainc me cuds ver vityvi Tqvenze, ver getyviT sityvas mainc sxva xmaze... vici `ar CaTvlas~ gamatanT saxlSi, mainc movedi TqvenTan CaTvlaze.

v. yuraSvili

11.04.56 P.S.

ar CageTvalaT, giZRvnidiT am leqss, axla ki mziur xmaze vmRerivar, es winaTgrZnoba ar gamimarTleT da mec uzomod madlobeli var.

v.y.

sayvarel adamians

(bodiSi SenobiT momarTvisaTvis) mec davdivar qveynad rogorc dediserTa, gulic am cxovrebis talRebs mindobia, saqarTvelos zeca mialersebs meca da mec saqarTvelos ZuZu miwovia. ZuZu gmirqalebis, ZuZu gmirkacebis, am patara qveynis, mTvarisa da mzis, qveynis narinjebis, qveynis zRvis talRebis, cxrajer monaTluli miwisa da cis; aha, sadacaa ukve davkacdebi, mec xom saqarTvelos mze da zeca mzrdis. miyvars iavnana `wminda qarTuli da miyvars saqarTvelos barica da mTac, me xom saqarTvelos Zveli warsulidan bevri rame vici, bevri rame mwvavs.

38

da me ar viwvebi, Tumca cecxliT viwvi, es erTi saxeli — mzeSi gavlebuli miwidanac vici, zecidanac vici gmiri qeTevani tanjul-wamebuli. is xom saqarTvelos Seewira msxverplad, man xom cremlic ar uCvena Sahs... darCa saqarTvelos gmir dedaTa dedad da es mokvdaobac ukvdavebas hgavs. axarebda azri naTeli da wminda, aRapyrobda maRla salocavad xelebs, is xom CemisTana ymawvilkacebs zrdida saqarTvelos miwis, mzis da zecis mcvelebs. da mec es warsuli mitom mogagone, rom Senc qarTveli xar da qarTveli gwams, rogorc mzis koconi, - anTebuli Torne am patara miwis siyvaruli gwvavs. rogorc aRmzrdel dedas, yvelgan giTvalTvaleb, rogorc dedas, ise gagicxadeb imeds... TiTqos Camovida cidan mze da mTvare, roca warbs gaxsni da roca gaiRimeb... o, Tu ici neta, Seuyvardi ramdens... Cven Sens sadRegrZelos milionjer davlevT. ra cudia, roca emonebi dardebs, roca giyvars vinme da mas ver umJRavneb. gana am siyvaruls gadmogcemda ena? Tugind laparakis gvqoneboda neba. munji siyvaruliT SemogyurebT yvela, Tu grZnob?... albaT grZnob da mitom geRimeba.

39

da me is warsuli mitom mogagone, rom Senc qarTveli xar da qarTveli gwams. rogorc mzis cecxli an anTebuli Torne am patara miwis siyvaruli gwvavs. gulSi qeTevani meorec Sesaxlda, am ubralo leqsSi Cumad anamReri... pirveli is iyo, meore Sena xar, igi wamebuli da Sen bednieri. Senc masaviT CvenTvis ewamebi tkbilad da dazrdilebs tkbilad gadagvafren budiT, gagvistumreb sxvagan, gagvistumreb Sina, qalebs mandilebiT, Cven kacuri qudiT. eh, ramdenjer Senze mifiqria ase: oTaraanT qvrivis guliT Sesadari, es `mtanjveli~ qali keTil grZnobiT savse, netav iyos Cemi sisxliT naTesavi. Tumca raa fiqri keTili da wminda, gana naTesavze ramiT naklebi xar? sxva ra minda Sengan, aba sxva ra minda, Sen xom Cemi tkbili, `avi~ aRmzrdeli xar. da Tu leqciebze armosuli xSirad vuyvebodi vinmes zRaparsa Tu igavs, - vigonebdi mudam, vigonebdi tkbilad Sens mxurvale gulsa da mSobliur sityvas. ar mgonia ara, daaviwyde am guls, lado asaTians gavagrZeleb mTidan, salams getyvi keTils, salams getyvi kacurs lados mamulidan, lados cxeniswylidan. da Tu mec leqsebSi ar viqeni susti mec Tu ladosaviT davimkvidreb saxels, ufro kargi leqsiT da poetis qudiT gestumrebi mTidan saocnebo aRmzrdels. axla nu damcineb, Tuki am leqss akldes

40

ritmi mJReri mudam da riTmebi wminda. eg xom ici: wlebi, brZola unda saxels. jer susti var kidev, kidev aRzrda minda. me erTi var leqsSi anTebuli sanTlad, ase mReris yvelas wminda gulTa Zgera, rom SeeZloT maTac Cemebr leqsis gaTla, yvela gimRerebda, gimRerebda yvela. da me is warsuli mitom mogagone, rom Senc wminda sityva, wminda azri gwams, rogorc mzis koconi, anTebuli Torne aRzrdilebis wminda siyvaruli gwvavs. gulSi qeTevani sxvac iyo Sens garda, am ubralo leqsSi Cumad anamReri... pirveli is iyo, meore Sena xar igi wamebuli da Sen — bednieri. Tumc masaviT CvenTvis ewamebi Senc, sanam gadagvafren iqiT-aqeT budiT, dagvefrqveva Tavze mTvareca da mzec, gaviRimebT SenTvis Seneburi guliT. rogorc aRmzrdel dedas, yvelgan giTvalTvaleb, rogorc dedas, ise gadagiSli fiqrebs. TiTqos Camovida cidan mze da mTvare, roca warbs gaxsni da roca gaiRimeb. o, me is warsuli mitom mogagone, rom dRes mxolod ori qeTevani mwams... rogorc mzis koconi da wiTeli Torne Seni mSobliuri siyvaruli mwvavs.

v. yuraSvili 12.07.56

41

v. yuraSvili

42

megobruli SarJi (eqspromti)

43

n a n u l i c a g a r e i S v i l i

marTali qali

(mxatvruli narkvevi)

ise moulodnelad Sewyda xmauri, TiTqos uxilavma xelma adugdugebuli manqana gamorTo.

karebSi saSualo tanis qali idga da bageSi Zunwi Ri-mili Caemala. uyvardaT es Zlivs gametebuli Rimili maT, vinc ase ucbad miyuCda. uyvardaT imitom, rom igi unebli-ed amxelda SeniRbul grZnobas, romlis gamomJRavnebasac, ratomRac, ase ufrTxis xolme pedagogi.

SiSi ra SuaSia: TiTqos damagnitebulia TiTebi, rom-lebsac dafaze lamazad gamohyavs sityvebi:

`sad icis miwam ase sunTqva, cam laJvardebi da gazafxulma axaverdeba?! romeli mzis qveS icinian ase vardebi, laRobs guli da aRar berdeba?!~ mere xmamaRla kiTxulobs. miuxedavad imisa, rom tae-

pi axla Sinaarsis mixedviT moiyvana da kilos omaxianoba unda hqondes, xmaSi, ratomRac yru tonebi epareba.

studentebi amas ar arian miCveuli. qeTevani grZnobs amas, grZnobs da xedavs kidec maT gaganierebul TvalebSi. es sityvebi poet severian isians, misi bavSvobis megobars ekuTvnis. igi kavkasionis misadgomebTan Seerwya mSobliu-ri miwis sunTqvas, iq, sadac sikvdili da ukvdaveba xeli-xelgadaxveulni daabijebdnen.

ra daaviwyebT kiTxva-Zaxilis winadadebis saxeebs maT, vinc axla Rrma amosunTqvasac ki ufrTxis, rom ar daarRvi-os es araCveulebrivad poeturi da Tanac saqmiani ganwyobi-leba.

`daukariT, rom Zvel xanjals elda eces, gaisarjos da brZolebSi daixarjos! daukariT!~...

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ramdeni unda ifiqros kacma, rom Zaxilis winadadebis nimuSad amaze ukeTesi magaliTi moiyvanos! studentebs aRar sWirdebaT am sityvebis avtoris Sexseneba.

moswavlis bunebis sawinaaRmdegod, aravis ar uxaria zaris xmis gagoneba. yvelani gaunZrevlad sxedan da TvaliT acileben pedagogs, romelmac samudamod daumsxvria maT az-ri, rom gramatika mSrali mecnierebaa. axla bevr maTgans, albaT, swored gramatikis maswavleblad warmoudgenia Tavi. pirvelsave gakveTilze Sesvlisas, karebSi SeCerdebian, ba-geSi Zunw Rimils Camalaven, ecdebian SeniRbon grZnoba, rom-lis gamomJRavnebasac ase ufrTxis pedagogi.

gamocdebis moaxlovebisas ki saSinlad Relaven stu-dentebi, ician, rom qeTevan ZoweniZes Rimilis nasaxic aRar SerCeba, yalbi pasuxis gagonebaze warbebs gakvirve-biT aZgibavs, mere auRelveblad daxuravs CaTvlis wignaks da Semdeg students gamouZaxebs. ician es da dRe-Rames as-woreben. `mkacri leqtori~, `marTali qali~, CurCuleben derefnis fanjrebTan Sejgufulni da, rogorc raRac sa-zeimo moments, ise moelian masTan gamocdaze Sesvlas.

asea, ufrosi Taoba yovelTvis nimuSia misi momdevno TaobisaTvis. qeTevansac bevri ram gamohyva Tavisi maswav-leblisagan. misi literaturis pirveli maswavlebeli dia Cianeli iyo, es sevdiani salamuri, romelic, ra Tqma unda, aRzrdilebs memkvidreobad dautovebda Tavisi gamWvirva-le sulis anarekls.

qeTevans qimiur fakultetze Sesvla gadauwyvetiao — gaigo diam da maSinve kaci afrina masTan: `ra Seni saqmea tuteebi da mJaveebi, ar gabedo!~ da qeTevanmac daujera.

aspiranturis damTavrebis Semdeg qeTevanma quTaisSi daiwyo pedagogiuri moRvaweoba. misma aRmzrdelma pro-fesorebma: korneli kekeliZem, akaki SaniZem, varlam To-furiam, mixeil zandukelma, romelTa saxelebis gagoneba-zec qeTevans udidesi mowiwebisa da Tayvaniscemis grZnoba unaTebs saxes, verafriT ver daiyolies gajiutebuli qe-

45

Tevani TbilisSi darCeniliyo. dabrunda Tavis quTaisSi, sadac dedis Tbili xelebi moeloda.

fostas sistematurad moaqvs qeTevanTan werilebi Tbilisidan. TiTqos piri SeukravT, Camodio exvewebian, enanebaT `Wkviani qali~, rom maTTan araa gverdiT.

magram qeTevans uyvars quTaisi, Tavisi `zarmaci~ studentebi, romlebsac institutis damTavrebis Semdeg RimiliT gaacilebs da Tavis gulis nawils gaatans. erTi wlis Semdeg ki saTiTaod Camouvlis, saxelmZRvaneloebs Cautans Sors, soflebSi CasulT, ukve `avtoritetian~ mas-wavleblebs, gakveTilebzec daeswreba da Tu saWiro iqne-ba, Zveleburadac `Seaxurebs~.

roca manqana quTaisisken gzas daadgeba, qeTevani daJi-nebiT, magram uCino mzeriT gzis dasaliers daacqerdeba da isev `maTze~ daiwyebs fiqrs, fiqrs imaze, Tu ra ucnauria cxovreba. es yvelaze mkacri maswavlebeli, romelsac erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi ase dauzrdia `bavSvebi~, mSiSara moswav-leebi TavSi darwmunebul, bejiT pedagogebad uqcevia. mere raRac Seucnobeli msubuqi sevda moereva. ukvirs, ra male mihqris dro, ra male vaJkacdebian gogo-biWebi!

es mogzaurobani qeTevans Tavisi sakvalifikacio Te-mis damuSavebaSic exmareba. igi male daicavs sadoqtoro disertacias Temaze `zemoimeruli kilokavi~.

... magidasTan samni sxedan. erTi maTgani — stumari grZnobs, rogori siyvaruliTa da sifaqiziT sunTqavs am saxlSi yovelive, diasaxlisis bejiTi xeli etyoba yvela-fers. diasaxlisi xumrobs:

`gvian vikisre diasaxlisis movaleoba!~ dabla trotuarze axalgazrda wyvili gaivlis, al-

baT, RimiliT axedavs gaCaxCaxebul fanjrebs, sadac `mar-Tali qali~ marto aRar cxovrobs.

Jurnali `saqarTvelos qali~, 1964, #7

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ioseb griSaSvilis iubile quTaisSi

da qeTevan ZoweniZe

1960 wlis gazafxulze quTaisSi farTod aRiniSna dide-

buli mgosnis ioseb griSaSvilis iubile. TanamedroveTa mo-gonebebiT, poets saocrad STambeWdavi, mis poeziasTan misa-dagebuli, amaRelvebeli Sexvedra mouwyo pedagogiurma in-stitutma. am lamazi RonisZiebis Semoqmedi gaxldaT qeTevan ZoweniZe, romelmac Tavisi mgrZnobiare sityviTac moxuc mgosans madlierebis cremli mohgvara. samwuxarod, q-ni qe-Tevanis arqivSi ar aRmoCnda arc es sityva da arc am faqtis amsaxveli masalebi.

am iubilesTan dakavSirebiT mkiTxvels vTavazobT amo-naridebs daviT bregaZis mogonebidan da ruTa beroZis saga-zeTo publikaciidan.

d a v i T b r e g a Z e 1960 wels qalaq quTaisis xelmZRvanelobam saiubi-

leo saRamo gaumarTa poet ioseb griSaSvils... 16 maiss mes-xiSvilis saxelobis quTaisis dramatuli Teatris Senoba-Si gaimarTeboda saqalaqo saiubileo saRamo, 17 maiss poe-ti estumreboda pedagogiur instituts. istoria-filo-logiis fakultetis mosamzadebel saqmianobas saTaveSi qeTevan ZoweniZe Caudga. saCuqrebisaTvis qeTom svanebi svaneTisaken afrina da Tan `xarki Seawera~: jixvis tyavi, oTxi rqa da Wianuri; axalgazrda poetebs leqsebis Seqmna daavala, studentTa gundi - `cxrakaca~ aaxmiana... erTi sityviT, gaCaRda samzadisi...

17 maiss sami saaTisaTvis i. griSaSvili instituts un-da swveoda. aforiaqebuli iyo institutis xelmZRvanelo-ba da, ra Tqma unda, Sexvedris meTauri — qeTevan ZoweniZe.

qalaqis saukeTeso etlia daqiravebuli, romelmac poeti qarTul erovnul tansacmelSi gamowyobil axalgaz-

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rdebTan erTad institutSi unda miiyvanos. daiwyo meoTxe saaTi. yvelani ezoSi varT, amovdivarT dRevandel tabiZis quCaze, ismis floqvebis TqaraTquri, TaigulebiT morTul etlSi zis saxalxo poeti, gverdiT pirmSvenieri gogonebi usxedan, safexurze TeTrCoxiani vaJkacebi dganan...

poeti gadmodis etlidan... gaismis taSis griali da vaSa, mwkrivebs Soris mimaval poets fexqveS yvavilebs ufenen, klubis fanjrebidan ismis taSis cema... klubi isea gaWedili, rom nemsi ar Cavardeba. poeti Relavs. sxdomas xsnis konstantine meZvelia. prezidiumis magidas TeTrCo-xiani, gverdze nabadmogdebuli raWveli mestvire, isto-ria-filologiis fakultetis studenti Salva jafariZe uaxlovdeba da stviris TanxlebiT poets leqsiT mimar-Tavs. soso sixarulisa da kmayofilebis cremlebs iwmends.

moxsenebas giorgi samxaraZe kiTxulobs, sityvebiTa da leqsebiT gamovidnen q. ZoweniZe, e. meZvelia, d. gewaZe, o. giorgaZe, d. janeliZe da studentebi... kulisebidan gundis xmatkbili simRera ismoda...

svanma studentma t. Carqselianma jixvis gakrialebu-li yanwebi gadasca poets, Semdeg g. lipartelianma svanu-ri Wianuri miarTva sosos. bolos scenaze SemoaqvT uzar-mazari xar-jixvis fituli, romelic cnobil monadires k. lorias daamzadebines studentebma.

dasasruls tribunas miuaxlovda saxalxo poeti. ga-isma taSis griali. soso acremlda. rodesac damSvidda, darbazSi griSaSvilis riTmebi da moqneuli frazebi aTa-maSdnen. poetma ramdenime leqsi waikiTxa... Sexvedram Za-lian lamazad da amaRelveblad Caiara... gvwamda, rom say-varel mgosans ramdenime sasiamovno saaTi vaCuqeT, yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cven ase gvjeroda. es mosazreba male daadas-tura i. griSaSvilis orma werilma. erTi gazeT `staline-lis~ redaqcias gamougzavna mgosanma, meore ki — q e T e v a n Z o w e n i Z e s.

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redaqciisadmi gagzavnil werilSi poeti werda: `neba miboZeT, Tqveni gazeTis saSualebiT udidesi madloba ga-davuxado Cems quTaisel mkiTxvelebs, mwerlebs, p e d a g o g i u r i n s t i t u t s (dayofa poetisaa — J.f.), yvela sazoga-doebriv dawesebulebas, presas, damswre sazogadoebas, moswavle axalgazrdobas, pedagogebs, pionerTa organiza-cias, yvelas, yvelas — vinc daeswro Cems saiubileo saRa-mos, pativi mca, sibere damitkbo, sixarulis cremlebi mar-guna da wamaxalisa xandazmuli poeti im mcire RvawlisaT-vis, romelic mimiZRvis Cveni xalxis samsaxurSi. Tavs vxri `TxemiT terfamde~ CemTvis marad dauviwyar quTaTurebis winaSe~.

werili qeTevan ZoweniZisadmi ufro intimuri xasia-Tisaa. sosom qalTa mimarT rainduli Tayvaniscema da siy-varuli aqac gamoamJRavna. ai, daaxloebiT ras werda igi: `ratom ara var axalgazrda, rom agitaco RrublebSi, ga-gaRmerTo da SenTvis viloco... madloba, rom moxuc mgo-sans madlierebis cremli da Rimili momgvare. kargi xar kargi. madloba, aTasjer madloba~.

d. bregaZe — mogonebebi, narkvevebi, werilebi, quTaisi, 1996.

r u T a b e r o Z e ... dRis sami saaTia. is iyo sastumroSi davbrundiT,

rom karebze daakakunes da pedagogiuri institutis di-reqtor l. WeliZesTan, doc. k. meZvelias da q. ZoweniZes-Tan erTad oTaxSi SemoimarTnen erovnul TeTr CoxaSi da qarTul kabebSi Semosili studentebi... axalgzardebi gverdSi amoudgnen poets da neli nabijiT dahyvnen mas mesame sarTulidan. gaocebas gaoceba emateba, siurprizs — siurprizi! sastumrosTan dgas poetisaTvis gamzadebu-li etli — quTaisis Zveli koloritis mSveneba. quCaSi Sek-rebili xalxi taSiT miacilebs poets etlamde. gogonebi gverdiT usxdebian i. griSaSvils, vaJebi safexurebze dge-

49

bian; etlma pedagogiuri institutisaken gaswia ise swra-fad, TiTqos Sans ugebda ukan momyol manqanebs: `damCag-reT, magram, aba SexedeT, Tu CamogivardebiTo~.

mxolod siyvaruli ifrqveva institutis ezoSi stu-dentebis mier Seqmnil cocxal orRobeSi, romelSic i. griSaSvilma gaiara, mxolod siyvaruls afrqvevdnen klu-bis darbazis uzarmazari fanjrebidan gadmomdgari qa-liSvilebisa da Wabukebis saxeebi, ataSebuli xelebi!

klubis darbazi marTlac isea gaWedili, rom nemsis adgilic arsad moiZebneba. ixsneba farda. griSaSvili Zlivs moCans yvavilebis zRvaSi. isev taSi, taSi, taSi da siyvaruliT aelvarebuli Tvalebi. prezidiumis magidis marcxniv dgeba Savnabadmosxmuli studenti Salva jafa-riZe Tavisi ganuyreli gudastviriT da ambobs poetis leqss sazandarTan erTad.

iubilarisadmi miZRvnil saRamos xsnis doc. k. meZve-lia. moxsenebas kiTxulobs doc. g. samxaraZe. kvlav misal-mebis sityvebi, leqsebi, momReralTa gundis tkbili xma kulisebidan...

sityvebiT gamodian: eT. meZvelia, docentebi d. gewa-Ze, oT. giorgaZe, q. ZoweniZe, d. janeliZe, studentebi: a. gvilava, a. bregaZe, T. WeliZe, n. kupataZe, o. xuxua, T. ade-iSvili, b.svanaZe, j. gongaZe, T. abulaZe, j. Rvinjilia, p. cxadaia, l. kovziriZe, t. Carqseliani.

scenaze gamoaqvT svaneTidan Camotanili jixvis fi-tuli, jixvis yanwebi, svanuri Wianuri... es yvelaferi stu-dentebis guliT miZRvnili mciredi saCuqaria iubilari-sadmi. es yvelaferi quTaiseli axalgazrdobis siyvaru-lia, mxolod siyvarulia qarTveli xalxis sasiqadulo po-etis mimarT.

r. beroZe, mxolod siyvaruli: gaz. `stalineli~, 20 maisi, 1960

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`siyvaruliT gamTbari...~

(sityva giorgi leoniZeze) 1963 wlis 31 maiss quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi Catar-

da saxalxo poetis giorgi leoniZisadmi miZRvnili RonisZieba, sadac qeTevanma mgosans mimarTa siyvaruliT gamTbari, mgrZno-biare sityviT, romlis xelnaweri arqivSi Semonaxulia sruli saxiT. cota mogvianebiT igi mixeil alaviZis publikaciiT dai-beWda am saTauriT gazeT `quTaisSic~ (1969, 22.11).

Cveni iSviaTi stumris didma saxelma Sekriba dRes am-deni warmomadgeneli axalgazrdobisa, romelTac SesaZ-lebloba miecaT, ara marto leqsebiT icnobdnen, aramed uSualodac naxon qarTveli eris fiqrisa da ocnebis, az-risa da gulisTqmis, lxinisa da naRvelis gamomxatveli didi poeti, igi madlierma qarTvelma erma saxalxo poe-tad gamoacxada da, rogorc Tavisi qveynis saxeli da dide-ba, piruTvnelad Seiyvara.

Cveni stumrisTana kacze ambobs ilia: `mzesa hgavs, romelsac brmac ki grZnobs, Tumca ver xedavso!~

aba, romeli Cvengani ar moxiblula giorgi leoniZis marad TviTmyofi, vaJkacuri poeziiT, romelsac `mSobel miwaSi udgas fesvebi~ da romelsac qmnis didi talanti da STagoneba.

giorgi leoniZis leqsi tkbilia, rogorc alaznis duduni da qarTuli iavnana; surnelovania, rogorc ga-zafxuli; baraqiania, rogorc kaxeTis Semodgoma; Zlieria, rogorc qarTveli vaJkacis mier xmlis dartyma.

giorgi leoniZis leqsebSi, besarion belinskis sit-yviT rom vTqvaT, aris momjadoebi mSvenierebac da graci-ac, TvalismomWreli brwyinvalebac da mSvidi sisalbunec, enisa da ritmis melodiisa da harmoniis mTeli simdidre. SemoqmedebiTi ocnebis, poeturi gamoTqmis mTeli neta-reba da aRtaceba.

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giorgi leoniZe wers mTeli uSualobiT da, rasac wers, tkivilsa da uTanasworo `brZolaSi Sobil mSvenie-rebis SaravandediT~ Suqfenili mamulis siyvaruli da mis-dami gulmtkivneuli zrunva awerinebs.

giorgi leoniZes TavdaviwyebiT uyvars brZolaSi `na-Wirmagari~, `mzisTa nadari~ saqarTvelo, uromlisodac sicocxle erT nabijzedac ar sdomebia. mas leqsic ar un-da, Tu sityvaSi samSoblos ganTiadi Cauqreba. uyvars Cax-Caxa Tbilisi, qarTlis guli, uyvars samSoblos ca - `arwi-vebis klanWiT gartymuli~, mTebi — feradi droSebiviT mdgari, gazafxulis simwvane, yanebis silurje, winandlis Rvino, Savxalebian yayaCoTa siwiTle, xoxbis yeliviT mob-riale cisartyela, atmebis SuqSi rxeuli dila, nargizebi-ani Rame, mtkvari, rioni, iori da alazani, maTi fSanebis na-Jurebi, arwivis bude, qarTluri aliziani qoxi, qarTveli xalxis amayi qedmouxreli suli, saxelovani winaprebi, sworupovari rusTaveli, mTawmindidan gadmomyure sam-Soblos dideba — vaJa da ilia, akaki da baraTaSvili. da yvelaferi es Tavis leqsebSi aqvs daxatuli.

qalis amaRlebul, natif siyvarulSic ki Tavisi sam-Soblos taZris CuqurTmebs, qarTlis mwvervalebs, maisis casa da spetak dilas Wvrets.

vaJas niWier mwerlad is miaCnia, visSidac Zlierad Cqefs erovnuli sisxli da ara mgonia, rom giorgi leoni-Zeze metad romelime Tanamedrove qarTvel poets SesZle-bodes mamulisaTvis mamuliSviloba gaewios, misi Wiri Wi-rad mieCnios tkiviliT emtkivneulos, lxiniT elxinos, mi-si zeimiTa da imedebiT damtkbariyos da qarTuli leqsis dideba Cveni qveynis farglebs gareTac gaetanos.

giorgi leoniZis poeziis madlianobas misi mxatvru-li enis, misi stilis individualobac gansazRvravs. qar-Tuli enis kanonebis Rrma codna, misi sityvawarmoebis, leqsikur da sintaqsur SesaZleblobaTa ostaturi gamo-

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yenebis niWi, misdami zrunva da pativiscema xelSesaxebia mgosnis yovel leqssa da gamokvlevaSi.

ra vuyoT, Cveno dido poeto, TmaSi Tovli Tu Semoge-paraT. ar gamarTlda Tqveni dardi: `siWabukis gareSe leqss vin misca didebao~. Tqveni poeziis marad nedlma striqonebma, `folad-nadebma~, `vardSi xveulma~ leqsebma Seinaxa `aprilis naquxic~, cecxlic, niavic, Tqveni axal-gazrdobac da ukvdavebas gaziaraT.

sxva rom araferi dageweraT, marto `ar daidardo, dedao~ da `Sinmousvlelo, sada xar~ kmaroda Tqveni saxe-lis ukvdavsayofad.

idRegrZeleT da iRoniereT bavSvobaSi vaJas mier, ax-la ki mTeli qarTveli xalxisagan dalocvilo, `samSoblos CuqurTmebis mWrelo~ poeto! agsrulebodeT natvra: did-xans, didxans gqonodeT `ivris jani~ da `alaznis siWabuke~.

mogonebebi

1. dia Cianelis gaxseneba sityva warmoTqmulia quTaisSi 1960 wlis 27 maiss dia Cianelis dabadebis 70 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnil saRamoze.

rodesac warsuls ganvaaxlebT xsovnaSi da mivubrun-

debiT mowafeobis mSfoTvare, magram imedebiTa da ocnebe-biT aRsavse maradsaxsovar wlebs, pirvelyovlisa movigo-nebT im maswavlebels, romelic guliT gviyvarda da rome-lic Tavisi codniTa da kacurkacobis madliT adamianis Rirsebis cocxal xatad gvesaxeboda...

aba romel Cvengans ar daunaxavs romelime maswavle-belSi Tavisi ideali, romels ar miuCenia misTvis pirveli adgili, romels ar ufiqria: netav iseTi ram SeemTxves mas, misi Rirsebis farad da xmlad viqceo.

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CemTvis maswavleblis aseT ideals dia Cianeli warmo-adgenda. man iseTi kvali dastova Cems sulSi, rom igi ar waS-lila dResac ki. da axla me minda yvelafers mivwvde, yvela-feri movigono, riTac igi guls gviamebda, gonebas gviw-vrTnida, grZnobas keTilad wagvimarTavda da Tavisi Seur-yvneli cxovrebiT adamianis pativiscemas gvagrZnobinebda.

dia Cianels pirvelad rom Sevxvdi, es es iyo misrul-deboda cameti weli. Svidwledi davamTavre da swavla min-doda ganmegrZo pedagogiur teqnikumSi, sadac igi direq-torad muSaobda. miRebulTa siaSi ar aRmovCndi - `uari eTqvas, vinaidan mcirewlovaniao~. xels awerda d. CxeiZe. bevri vitire. ver warmomedgina, ra unda mekeTebina, Tu ar viswavlidi. SvidwledSi v. ciskariZe maswavlida. is mivida dia CianelTan da ra uTxra, ar vici. am misvlis Sedegi ki is iyo, rom dia Cianelma me gamomiZaxa. maSin misi kabineti iq iyo, sadac axla pedinstitutis saprofesoroa.

SeniSvna: q-ni qeTevanis sityva aq wydeba. dia Cianelis Sesaxeb sxva raime informacia arqivis masalebSi ar inaxeba. miuxedavad Cveni survilisa da moZiebis mcdelobisa, sxva ve-rafers ver mivakvlieT, garda daviT bregaZis saintereso mo-gonebisa, romelic erTgvarad avsebs q. ZoweniZis mier im sa-Ramoze warmoTqmul sityvas da warmoaCens qeTevanisa da misi maswavleblis urTierTobebsac. mkiTxvels vTavazobT amona-rids am mogonebidan.

`uCveulo xalxmravloba iyo sazamTro Teatris win 1960 wlis 27 maiss. aq am dRes imarTeboda cnobili mwerli-sa da sazogado moRvawis dia Cianelis (daviT CxeiZis) daba-debis 70 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnili saRamo...

...gulTbili sityva warmoTqva saRamoze doc. qeTevan ZoweniZem. moigona pedsaswavlebelSi gatarebuli wlebi, rodesac dia Cianeli direqtori iyo da qarTul litera-turas aswavlida.

qeTo, rogorc TviTon Tqva, bavSvobisas moTxrobebs werda Turme. es qarTuli literaturis maswavleblisaT-

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vis gaumxelia. dias gamourTmevia nawerebi, waukiTxavs, moswonebia da gamamxnevebeli sityvebic wauweria zed: `ni-Wieri gogona xar, gaagrZele wera, momavalSi Sedegic kar-gi iqneba~. magramo, - SeniSna qeTom, - me weras Tavi male da-vanebe, radganac maSin ambobdnen: mweralma dialeqtikuri materializmi unda icodeso. raki me dialeqtikuri mate-rializmi ar vicodi da arc vapirebdi Seswavlas, weras Ta-vi davanebeo.

qeTos am sityvebma sazogadoeba gaamxiarula. mar-Tlac saintereso da gulubryvilo mogoneba iyo. saRamos, oficialuri nawilis Semdeg, vkiTxe qeTos: axla Tu gaqvs is nawerebi dias warweriT-Tqo. arao, SevSindi da 1937 wel-Si davxieo.~

d. bregaZe, mogonebebi... gv. 78.

2. `lado asaTiani~ Tvalwin mexateba yayaCoze Seyvarebuli da mokrZale-

buli lado, yayaCosaviT gawiTleba rom icoda da amiT sac-naurdeboda misi bunebis Seuryvneloba.

misi cxeli guli, wrfeli guli, marTlacda, cxovre-bis gariJraJzeve gacivda, magram darCa misi marad nedli, marad TviTmyofadi, vaJkacuri poezia, romelmac Semogvi-naxa adre wasuli kacis ocneba, fiqri da gulisTqma, naR-veli, imedi da siyvaruli da amiT ukvdavebas aziara.

da mere rogor uyvarda mas Tavisi samSoblo, rome-lic iseTive tkbili eCveneboda, rogorc dedis rZe, ro-gorc mSoblis alersi, rogorc Zveli qarTuli zRapari... da uyvarda samSoblo - `ca- firuz xmeleT-zurmuxti, na-irferebiT naqargi.~ uyvarda da natrobda, rom enaxa igi `farTod gaSlili da moxatuli Tamar dedoflis darbazi-viTa~.

aba romel qarTvels ar uyvars lado asaTianis poe-zia, romelsac mSobel miwaSi udgas fesvebi da romelsac qmnis didi talanti da STagoneba...

aq mTavrdeba werilis Savi piri.

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mimowera maswavleblebTan,

cnobil moRvaweebTan, axloblebTan

qeTevan ZoweniZis arqivSi dacul werilebs Soris gansa-

kuTrebiT bevria akaki SaniZis, arnold Ciqobavasa da varlam Tofurias baraTebi (sakmaodaa agreTve Tbiliseli sxva ko-legebis werilebic). aqve inaxeba qeTevanis mier gagzavnili pasuxebis zogierTi Savi piri, romlebSic Zalumad igrZnoba umcrosi kolegis — yofili niWieri Segirdis — udidesi siy-varuli, mokrZaleba, madliereba da usazRvro pativiscema saTayvano maswavleblebisadmi.

a k a k i S a n i Z e

q-ni qeTevanis arqivSi ak. SaniZis uamravi werilia. Ti-

Toeul maTganSi (es iqneba mosaloci depeSa Tu Ria baraTi, sagangebo saqmiani Setyobineba Tu axlobluri, Tbili weri-li) yovelTvis Cans maswavleblis — am didi mecnieris mamaSvi-luri siyvaruli da gansakuTrebuli mzrunveloba xalasi ni-Wisa da azrovnebiT gamorCeuli studentisadmi, Semdgom ki — kolegisadmi. q-ni qeTevanisadmi gamogzavnili baraTebi Ta-riRdeba 1941 wlidan, im droidan, roca qeTevanma ak. SaniZis xelmZRvanelobiT Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi daam-Tavra aspirantura da dabrunda mSobliur quTaisSi.

b-ni akaki grZnobda, rom qeTevanisaTvis aucilebeli iyo Tbilisis universitetSi muSaoba. iqauri mecnieruli ga-remo axalgazrda mkvlevars met gasaqans miscemda da sadi-sertacio naSromsac droulad Seasrulebda.

q-no qeTo!

damatebiT gacnobebT, rom Tqven geqnebaT (Cvens uni-versitetSi) mxolod zogadi kursi qarTuli enisa evro-pul enebze... da praqtikuli varjiSoba sintaqsSi.

56

seminarSi sxva imuSavebs. a. SaniZe. P.S. depeSiT macnobeT Tqveni Tanxmoba

a.S. 25.VII. 1941

q-no qeTo! TbilisSi yofnisas rad ar mnaxeT? kargi, egre iyos! qalo, magodena wuwuni Tqmula, gagonila- vis ar una-

xavs cxovrebis saSineli pirobebi?! magram gana es gvaZlevs sabuTs, rom far-xmali davyaroT? ara! egre ar SeiZleba!

Zma mSvidobiT dagibrundeba omidan, ojaxis saqmec gamoswordeba da Tqvenc kargad imecadinebT.

rad itexT Tavs zedmeti fiqrebiT? magis nacvlad erTi kargi saqme gaakeTeT Cemi xaTriT, rac iqnes da iqnes. erT-or Tves nuraze ifiqrebT garda sadisertacio naSromisa...

aba, qeTino, Tqven iciT. marad Tqveni sikeTis msurveli a.SaniZe

22.XII.941

SeniSvna: 1942 wlidan gagzavnil baraTebSi ak. SaniZe xSir-xSirad Seaxsenebs qeTevans: `veli Tqvens disertacias~. ase grZeldeba 1950 wlamde.

Zvirfaso profesoro!

sityvebiT ar SemiZlia gamovxato Tqvendami madloba, riTac guli maqvs savse. ra kargi xarT? ra keTilSobili! sxvebi ise patarebi Canan TqvenTan, rom xandaxan mgonia, isini mxolod kontrastisaTvis arian gaCenili, rom Tavi-anTi sipataraviT Tqveni sidiade kidev ufro meti ZaliT gamoaaSkaravon.

Tqveni depeSebi rom miviRe, avadmyofi wyaltuboSi viyavi samkurnalod. im depeSebma me sicocxlis survili kvlav damibrunes, kvlav adamianad magrZnobines Tavi. me imis Rirsic ara var, rom Tqveni mowafis saxels vatarebde. Zvirfaso profesoro, werilis dawerac ki ver SevZeli am-

57

denxans. me uRirss mrcxvenoda Tqveni. ra unda momewera? ramdenadac Cemi siyvaruli Tqvens mimarT didia, imdenad sustad vasruleb Cems vals. gana survili ara maqvs? mag-ram veRar davZlie fizikurad sastikad sustma aTasgvari ojaxuri siZnele. TbilisSi gadmosvliT me SemeZlo imdeni memuSava, rom amdeni xnis CamorCeniloba dameZlia, Tqveni xelmZRvanelobiT meswavla da amiT megrZno inteleqtua-luri siamovneba, romelic me aq yofnisas arasodes ganmic-dia. me esec ar SemiZlia. deda sul davarda, mamaCemi suls ZlivsRa iTqvams, Cvenma direqtormac sastiki uari miTxra: Cven aq gvaklia leqtori da TbilisSi Seni wasvla arafriT ar iqnebao. sityvac ki ar Tqva amis Sesaxebo. ase daimsxvra Cemi ukanaskneli imedebi.

udidesi madloba esoden didi yuradRebisaTvis. sa-dac ar unda viyo, ra pirobebSic, Tqveni didi adamianoba lampariviT gaminaTebs gzas adamianis wvrilmanobiTa da gautanlobiT gulgatexils...

SeniSvna: werilis Savi piri aq mTavrdeba, TariRi araa miTiTebuli, magram, teqstis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, dawe-rili unda iyos 1950 wlamde.

Zvirfaso profesoro!

didi xania TqvenTvis werili ar gamomigzavnia. ver gavkadnierdi, gambedaoba ar meyo... ras movelodi da ra var me? gana ar mindoda, Tqveni cudi mowafe ar vyofili-yav?! cxovrebam damRala.... institutSi momqancveli samu-Sao, adamianTa gautanloba... da guli gamityda, rwmena da-mekarga sakuTar TavSi, sxvebSi, yvelaferi mombezrda. da Tu rames gakeTeba SemeZlo, ukve veRar warmovidgine. Tqven didi adamiani xarT (aTiaTasjer gamxsenebia Tqveni sityve-bi, javaxiSvilis gamkicxvelebisaTvis amayad rom giT-qvamsT: `me im adamianTa ricxvs ar vekuTvni, ivane javaxiSvi-lis gaqelviT Tavis karieras rom ikeTebso~. ra sidiadea sulisa, ra moudrekeloba xasiaTisa!) da nu gamkicxavT.

58

am werilis moweras gana gavbedavdi? Cemma Zmam gadmom-ca Tqveni naTqvami, bevri vitire da iseTi ZaliT mominda Tqveni naxva, TqvenTan saubari, Tqveni rCevis mosmena, rom Cemi sindisis winaaRmdeg aRvimarTe da gwerT. disertacia rom ver warmovadgine, cudi mowafe aRmovCndi, magram gje-rodesT, guli cudi ara maqvs da, Tu kidev vinmes pativisce-ma da siyvaruli marigebs cxovrebasTan, es Tqvena xarT.

TbilisSi ramdenjerme mindoda Camosvla, magram ver gavbede, axla raRacas vcodvilob. samuSaos ZiriTad na-wils rom gavaTaveb, rCevisaTvis mimiRebT noembris Sua ricxvebSi?

iyaviT sul, sul, sul kargad. marad Tqveni pativismcemeli

8.X.1949

q-no qeTo! Tqveni werili miviRe. iqidan Cans, rom Tqven `raRacas

codvilobT~ (Tqvenive sityvebi rom gavimeoro). sxva gzi-Tac momivida ambavi: qeTo disertacias Caujdao. amis gamo gajavrebuli guneba damicxra.

`amad rome, Secodeba Svid gzis Tqmula Sesandob-lad~ (rusT.).

veli Tqvens naSroms noemberSi. piradadac mnaxeT. gisurvebT warmatebas. marad Tqveni keTilis msurveli a. SaniZe

14.X.49 SeniSvna: 1950 wels qeTevan ZoweniZem warmatebiT daic-

va sakandidato disertacia, romelic eyrdnoboda pavles epistoleebis xelnawer masalebs. q-nma qeTevanma xelmZRvane-lisagan axali davaleba miiRo: mis mier damuSavebuli episto-leebis quTaisuri da Tbilisuri xelnawerebi moemzadebina sastambod, raTa droulad gamocemuliyo igi calke wignad. magram pedagogiuri Tu sazogadoebrivi saqmeebiT gadatvir-Tuli qeTevani ver axerxebda saqmis bolomde miyvanas. para-

59

lelurad muSaobda sadoqtoro disertaciisaTvis masalebis Segrovebaze. b-ni akaki Zalian xSirad Seaxsenebda qeTevans epistoleebis sastambod gamarTvas piradi saubrebis dros Tu werilebiT.

qeTo Cemo!

miviRe Seni saaxalwlo molocva depeSiT. madlobeli var gaxsenebisaTvis. mec gisurveb yovelive kargs da, sxva-Ta Soris, male rom momelocos pavles epistoleebis ga-mocema da doqtoroba.

icocxle mravals, mravals, mravals wels tanis sim-rTeliT, gulis siwrfoebiT, sulis simSvidiT, Tanac mra-valnayofieri SromiT.

a. SaniZe 4.I.1962

60

qeTo, keTilo qeTo, mSoblebis siyvaruliT damwvaro

qeTo! warmodgenili maqvs, ra sulier viTarebaSi xarT mas

Semdeg, rac Tqvens ojaxs gamoecala meore burjic. uTuod Rrma mwuxarebiT xarT moculi da zogjer, albaT, arc iciT, ra hqnaT, ra gzas dadgeT, rogor warmarToT Tqveni cxovrebis gza momavalSi. didi mwuxareba zogjer adamians did sasowarkveTilebaSi agdebs. magram gonier kacs rodi aqvs neba, sasowarkveTilebas misces Tavi. `Wirsa Sigan ga-magreba asre unda, viT qviTkirsa~-o — gvianderZa didma mgosanma. saWiroa mxneoba da didi mwuxarebis dafarva Sro-miT da sasargeblo saqmis gakeTebiT qveynisaTvis.

me Zalian miWirs, girCioT rame, magram Cem Tavsac ve-kiTxebi da Tqvenc: xom ar ajobebda Tqveni TbilisSi gad-mosvla? aq kaTedraze saaTebi momemata da Tamamad SemiZ-lia erTi TanamSromlis ayvana. aq bevri saqmea gasakeTebi, romlebSic Tqvenc miiRebdiT uSualo monawileobas. Tu binis sakiTxi ar dagabrkolebs, TbilisSi muSaoba, rasak-virvelia, ajobebs. aq ufro advilad mogvardeba diserta-ciis saqmec da samecniero sarbielze dawinaurebac.

vifiqroT am mimarTulebiT. Tqven kargad iciT, rom es Cemi winadadeba ar aris axali. aseTi ram winaTac momiwe-ria TqvenTvis, magram mandedan ver dagZariT. egebis axla mainc gairkves sabolood: Tbilisi Tu quTaisi?

gisurveb janmrTelobas da mxneobas marad Tqveni keTilis msurveli a. SaniZe

P.S. SemikribeT aiSvilze da eiSvilze gaTavebuli gvarebi

(TayaiSvilisa da CargeiSvilis tipisa). mec vici bevri, magram kidev minda.

a.S. 18.V.1962

61

Zvirfaso profesoro! gana `madlobiT~ SemiZlia gamovxato is didi grZnoba,

romelic Tqvenma gulis siTbom da mSobliurma mzrunve-lobam warmoqmna CemSi? pasuxi ki davagviane: miWirda, mim-Zimda da ver mogwereT...

egoizmisa da angariSianobis saSinel siciveSi, muSao-bisas yovel nabijze rom igrZnoba, Cakvda yrmobis ocnebe-bi da deda iyo CemTvis mTeli samyaro. igi, ubralo qali, sxvebisTvis uCinari, namdvili adamiani iyo. fizikurad sa-Sinlad sustsa da avadmyofs, SeeZlo yvela SeSfoTebuli gulisaTvis Sesaferisi nugeSi eca. kvdeboda da, Cven rom ar SevewuxebineT, mainc imas ambobda, `kargad varo~, mainc Cvenze fiqrobda da am fiqrsa da zrunvaSi ganSorebis Seg-rZnebiT gamowveul tkivilebs ayuCebda.

axla me TiTqos gulis didi nawili CamomkveTes da srul apaTiaSi Cavardnils aRaraferi mainteresebs, saSi-nel sicarieles vgrZnob. amitom nu gamirisxdebiT, Zvir-faso maswavlebelo, mSobliuro, gulisxmiero, Tu mand, universitetSi, gadmosvla wels ar SemiZlia. me axla iseT mdgomareobaSi var, rom axal garemos ver Seveguebi, axali samuSaosaTvis ver gamovdgebi. Tqven kargi guli gaqvT da SemindveT da mapatieT.

maradis da maradis iqiTac Tqveni pativismcemeli qeTevan ZoweniZe

P.S. rac gavixsene, gigzavniT iaSvilze da eiSvilze daboloebul gvarebs.

SeniSvna: werilze TariRi ar aris miTiTebuli. dawerili unda iyos 1962 wlis zafxulSi, dedis gardacvalebis Semdeg, a. SaniZis zemoT damowmebuli (18.V.1962) werilis sapasuxod.

Zvirfaso qeTo! guSinwin miviRe Tqveni gamogzavnili pavles episto-

leebi (7 saerTo rveuli. meSvides axlavs ori patara rveu-li). didisagan didi madloba!

62

....momikiTxeT Tqveni meuRle b-ni daviTi (daviT mxei-Ze, respublikis damsaxurebuli inJineri — J.f.). didi mad-loba Tqvenc da masac Cemi stumrobisaTvis. me Zalian kar-gad maxsovs da sul mexsomeba is dro, romelic Tqvens ojaxSi gavatare quTaisSi yofnisas ama Tvis 10-11-s.

Tqveni mosiyvarule a. SaniZe 28.V.1963

q e T e v a n Z o w e n i Z e

eris didi moWirnaxule

qarTuli ena aris profesor akaki SaniZis ganuzome-

li siyvarulis sagani. am enis saTuT movlasa da mis moma-valze gulmtkivneul zrunvaSi did mecniers oTxmoci we-li Semoepara. asea, daZabuli SemoqmedebiTi Sroma dros dauzogavad nTqavs, daucxromel sakvlevaZiebo muSaobaSi wlebi SeumCnevlad garbis, magram saqveynod dasanaxavi ba-raqa rCeba. profesor a. SaniZis naRvawis sidiadesTan wel-Ta simravlec ra saxsenebelia. miT ufro, rom mis azrovne-bas ar dastyobia xandazmuloba.

am ramdenime Tvis winaT gamoqveynebuli prof. a Sa-niZis “vefxistyaosnis sakiTxebi”, sadac sxvadasxva dros daweril gamokvlevebTan erTad Setanilia axali gamok-vlevebica da SeniSvnebic, gvxiblavs avtoris azris siR-rmiTa da sisruliT da, rac mTavaria, uangaro gatacebiT da eris didebis sawyaulis — “vefxis tyaosnis” ulevi siy-varuliT. am siyvaruliT aixsneba, rom prof. a. SaniZem di-di Sroma gaswia “vefxis tyaosnis” teqstis mecnieruli Seswavlis, kritikuli ganxilvis, minarevisagan gacxril-visa da enis daxvewis mxriv. misi monawileobiT gamoica “vefxis tyaosani” 1937, 1951 da 1957 wlebSi. manve aRadgina “vefxis tyaosnis” pirveli (vaxtangiseuli) gamocema 1712 wlisa da daurTo mas axsna-ganmartebani. misive xelmZRva-

63

nelobiT iqna Sedgenili da 1956 wels gamocemuli “vefxis tyaosnis” simfonia. prof. a. SaniZea agreTve mTavari re-daqtori “vefxis tyaosnis” axali variantebiani gamocemi-sa, romlis pirveli tomi misi da a. baramiZis redaqciiT ga-movida da qarTuli kulturis didi moRvawis, ivane java-xiSvilis xsovnas mieZRvna. amiT Rirseulma mowafem natvra ausrula mis didebul maswavlebels, sinanuls rom gamoT-qvamda: “vefxis tyaosnis” aramc Tu sruli, kritikuli ga-mocema ver mogvixerxebia, aramed iseTi gamocemac ki ar mogvepoveba, sadac xelnawerebSi daculi yvela gansxvave-buli wakiTxvebi mainc gvqondes aRbeWdilio.

rusTvelis enis, qarTuli enis siyvaruli, romelic dedaboZad Seeqmna prof. a. SaniZis mTel moRvaweobas, mas aq siyrmidanve, quTaisis klasikur gimnaziaSi swavlis dros, Caenerga. am siyvarulma Seiyvana igi peterburgis universitetis aRmosavleTmcodneobis fakultetze, rom SemdegSi, mecnieruli codniT aRWurvils, SeZleboda ud-rtvinvelad aewia samecniero da pedagogiuri moRvaweobis mTeli simZime da mecnierul simaRleze aeyvana qarTuli enis Seswavlis saqme.

marTlac, qarTuli filologiuri skolis am Tavkac-ma Tavisi maRali niWi erisa da misi enis samsaxurs moaxmara da mamuls namdvili mamuliSviloba gauwia.

saqarTveloSi, qarTul universitetSi, pirvelma akaki SaniZem daicva disertacia “subieqturi prefiqsi meore pi-risa da obieqturi prefiqsi mesame pirisa qarTul zmnebSi” (1920 w.), risTvisac mas doqtoris xarisxi da profesoris wo-deba mieniWa. prof. a. SaniZis am monografiiT, romelic enob-rivi problemis istoriul aspeqtSi kvlevis nimuSs warmoad-gens, safuZveli Caeyara qarTuli enisa da misi dialeqtebis struqturisa da istoriis mecnierul Seswavlas.

qarTuli enis dialeqtebis kvleva prof. a. SaniZem jer kidev studentobis wlebSi daiwyo da Tavisi dialeq-

64

turi xasiaTis naSromebiT mecnieruli safuZvlebi Seuq-mna qarTul dialeqtologiur Ziebas.

a. SaniZis sakvlevaZiebo interesTa sferoSi Semodis svanuric. qarTulisa da misi dialeqtebisa da svanuris kvlevas man uZRvna pirvelxarisxovani Sromebi da monog-rafiebi, riTac qarTul enaTmecnierebas saxeli gauTqva Cveni qveynis farglebs gareTac.

Sesaswavli obieqtis Rrma codna, faqtebis dadgenisa da analizisas mkacri momTxovneloba da sizuste niSan-doblivia a. SaniZis yoveli gamokvlevisaTvis, exeba es ga-mokvleva enis struqturisa da istoriis, leqsikologiis Tu mwerlis enisa da saliteraturo enasTan mimarTebiT dialeqtTa Seswavlis sakiTxebs.

prof. a. SaniZe sayovelTaod cnobilia, rogorc qar-Tuli mecnieruli gramatikis fuZemdebeli.

gramatikuli movlenebis uzado mecnieruli anali-ziT gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania 1930 wels gamocemuli “qarTuli enis gramatika”, I, `morfologia”.

qarTuli enis morfologiuri agebulebis Seswavlis Sedegebi man Seajama fundamentur monografiaSi “qarTu-li gramatikis safuZvlebi”, romelic ufro Semoklebu-lad “qarTuli enis gramatikis” (I) saxelwodebiT gamoica 1955-1962 wlebSi.

prof. a. SaniZes gaweuli aqvs titanuri Sroma Zveli qar-Tuli enis Zeglebis gamosacemad, maTi mniSvnelobis dasadge-nad, saerTo ganviTarebis istoriaSi adgilis misaCenad.

Zveli qarTuli Zeglebis, maT Soris axali aRTqmis teqstis kritikulad dadgenam a. SaniZes SesaZlebloba misca gaerkvia bevri sayuradRebo sakiTxi qarTveli eris kulturis zogadi istoriis TvalsazrisiTac da Tavisi utyuari mosazrebebi gamoeTqva SromaSi, “anton I-is gav-lena saliteraturo qarTulze da Zveli qarTuli enis Zeglebis viTareba axali aRTqmis wignebis gamocemebSi” (Zveli qarTuli enis kaTedris Sromebi, #9).

65

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis profesoris akaki SaniZis mecnieruli naRvawi Sesatyvisad dafasda. igi aris saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis namdvili wevri, ssr kavSiris mecnierebaTa akademiis da praRis aR-mosavleTmcodneobis institutis wevr-korespondenti, mecnierebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe.

prof. a. SaniZe samecniero muSaobasTan erTad did pe-dagogiur da sazogadoebriv muSaobasac eweva.

igi muSaobs Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi am universitetis daarsebis dRidanve. 1945 wlamde igi iyo qarTuli enis kaTedris gamge, xolo 1945 wlidan, am kaTed-ris gayofis Semdeg, ganagebs Zveli qarTuli enis kaTedras. am xnis ganmavlobaSi igi kiTxulobda qarTuli enis morfo-logiisa da sintaqsis, Zveli qarTulisa da dialeqtologi-is, qarTuli enis istoriis, qarTuli enis SedarebiTi gra-matikis kursebs, aswavlida somxursa da arabul enebs.

prof. a. SaniZe muSaobda quTaisis saxelmwifo peda-gogiur institutSiac. im xanebSi, roca am institutSi qar-Tuli enis kaTedras xelmZRvanelobda misi uniWieresi mo-wafe v. Tofuria, igi aq kiTxulobda leqciebs Zvel qar-Tulsa da qarTuli enis dialeqtologiaSi.

prof. a. SaniZe bevrs muSaobs Tavis aspirantebTan. igi momTxovni, magram gulisxmieri da mzrunveli xel-mZRvanelia. man dazarda filologTa mravali Taoba, ro-melTa Soris arian mTel Cvens qveyanaSi da mis gareTac sa-xelganTqmuli mecnierebi.

prof. a. SaniZem didi Rvawli dasdo qarTul skolebsac. dRes qarTul enaze mimdinareobs swavleba yvela safe-

xuris skolaSi da, amdenad, qarTuli ena ara marto wamyvani sagania saskolo disciplinaTa Soris, aramed sayrdenicaa mecnierebis safuZvlebis Sesaswavlad da sxva enaTa dasa-ufleblad. amitom, bunebrivia, Tu am enis swavlebis maRal doneze dayenebasa da Sesabamisad gramatikis srulyofil saxelmZRvanelos gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eqceva.

66

ukve 25 welze metia, rac prof. a. SaniZis qarTuli enis gramatikis saskolo saxelmZRvaneloTi swavlobs qar-Tul enas skolaSi qarTveli bavSvi.

prof. a. SaniZe mTeli rigi sabWoebisa da samecniero sazogadoebebis wevria. romel sxdomaze ar naxavT mas da gikvirT am mxcovani mecnieris sulis Rone, xasiaTis gau-texeloba, daucxromeli siyvaruli, dauRalavi bejiToba.

xandazmuli ar eTqmis mas, visac 80 wlis asakSi akaki SaniZiseburi sulis sicxovele, azris sinaTle da Wabuku-ri gatacebiT muSaobis unari SeunarCunebia.

dailocos da dRegrZelobdes mSobliuri enis didi moWirnaxule a. SaniZe, romelic faqizi siyvaruliT uv-lis am enis Soreul saukuneebSi wasul fesvebsac da axal ylortebsac qarTveli eris sadideblad.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1967, 26/III

a r n o l d C i q o b a v a

qeTevans salami! werilis moweras didi xania vapirebdi, magram dRemde

ar momixerxda. axla wyaltubodan gwerT. jer erTi, minda mogilocoT sakvalifikacio Sromis

keTilad dacva. im xanad cudad viyavi da sxdomaze ver mo-vedi. gisurvebT (Tu visurveb), movswrebodi Tqvens sadoq-toro disertaciasac.

meorecaa da, saWirod mimaCnda Tqven gcodnodaT zugdidis institutis sakiTxi ra konteqstSi dadga da ras gulisxmobda. zugdidSi kaTedris gamged unda gaegzavnaT vinme. saWiro iyo iseTi kaci, rom TiTo kviriT Casuliyo da saqmes gasZRoloda patiosnad. vfiqrobdi, amas Tqven SeiZlebdiT gansakuTrebuli daZabvis gareSe (mamis avad-myofobis ambavi me ar vicodi). zugdidSi Tqveni `gadayva-na~ aravis ufiqria. piriqiT, kaTedris gamgeoba zugdidSi

67

Seamzadebda kaTedris gamgeobas quTaisSi. giorgi xom mu-dam ar ivlis quTaisSi (ase vfiqrobdi me da giorgis ar davTaTbirebivar: ar iyo TbilisSi). amrigad, saqmis inte-resi Tqvens interess savsebiT egueboda.

ar vici, TqvenTan es ra saxiT movida. yovel SemTxve-vaSi aseTi iyo ganzraxva, ramdenadac me mkiTxavdnen. sawye-nia, Tu es sxva saxisad iqca da usiamovno proeqtis saxe mi-iRo (roca es gavige, me TviTon vuTxari amx. kupraZes, rom es varianti moexsnaT).

axla rasa iqmT? ecadeT, Tematikaze garkveuli Tana-mimdevrobiT muSaoba ar SegiwydeT. sakvalifikacio Sro-mac nawil-nawilad unda damuSavdes: dro bevri unda da damSvidebiT unda gakeTdes.

mamas avadmyofoba mZime saqmea, sicocxlis dasasru-lis sakiTxi yovelTvis mwvavea da mZime, miT umetes zogi xasiaTis adamianisaTvis. zogjer es travmas udris adamia-nis gancdebSi. ecadeT, Sroma moiSvelioT da yuradReba mTlad ar CaanTqmevinoT mZime viTarebas.

Tqvenebi momikiTxeT — ufrosebi — didi pativisce-miT, Semdgomi Taoba — amxanagurad.

iyaviT mxned, gisurvebT muSaobaSi warmatebas. TqvenTvis keTilis msurveli

4.11.1951

P.S. saaxalwlo depeSisaTvis madloba. Tamarma mogikiTxaT guliT. am or dReSi aqedan raions gavemgzavrebiT. Tbi-lisSi, albaT 14.11-sTvis viqnebiT.

me cudad viyavi Zalian. axla TiTqos ukeTobaa. sanam-dis gamyveba, oRond?!

a.C. P.P.S. gaxsovdeT, rom saqmis mcodne da patiosani mu-

Saki Cvens dargSi arc ise bevria da es garkveul valdebu-lebas gakisrebT specialobis winaSe.

a.C.

68

Zvirfaso profesoro! guliT gavixare, rom Tqveni arCeva saqarTvelos

umaRlesi sabWos deputatad quTaisidan xdeba. TqvenTan Sexvedra ewyoba 5 marts Cvens institutSi,

radgan 235-e saarCevno olqi aq aris. wavikiTxe Tqveni werili, komisiis Tavmjdomaris sa-

xelze gamogzavnili. man jer ar icoda, Tqveni Sexvedra rodis ewyoboda. me da is viyaviT qalaqkomSi da gviTxres: 5 marts ewyobao.

Cveni studentoba mouTmenlad elis Tqvens naxvas. gTxovT, sastumroSi ar mibrZandeT. CemTan dabinav-

deT. amiT udides bednierebas magrZnobinebT. iqneb qalba-toni Tamaric CamoiyvanoT. momaniWeT Tqveni CemTan mos-vliT sixaruli.

me vcxovrob Teatris pirdapir, stalinis ZeglTan. geliT siyvaruliT.

qeTevan ZoweniZe 1963

didad pativcemulo qeTevan!

amomrCevelTa davaleba, qarTuli enisa da litera-turis specialobaze misaRebi kontigentis Sesaxeb movax-sene umaR. skolebis komitetis Tavmjdomares amx. g. jib-laZes, dagvpirda sakiTxis mogvarebas (amx. givi doliZes-Tan erTad viyaviT).

umaR. sabWos prezidiumis mdivans amx. zin. kvaWaZes saTanado cnoba, oficialuri, gadaveci. Tu dapireba ar Sesrulda, prezidiumidan mivmarTavT.

guliTadi mokiTxva Cveni ojaxis mTeli Semadgenlo-bidan pativcemul daviTs da qeTevans.

keTili survilebiT arn. Ciqobava 27.11.1964

69

Zvirfaso profesoro! batono arnold!

miWirda momewera. vici, ra mZimea TqvenTvis siWabukis megobris dakargva, megobrisa, romelTanac gulTan erTad inteleqti gakavSirebdaT, romelTanac gakavSirebdaT yve-laferi wminda da naTeli, rac kia kacis cxovrebaSi, rom-lisTvisac SegeZloT guli gadagexsnaT, rac ase Znelia ax-la. magram Tqven marto Tqven Tavs ar ekuTvniT. Tqven ilia WavWavaZis yalibis kaci, gonebis TvaliT unda xedavdeT iseT did ubedurebasac, rogoric batoni varlamis dakar-gvaa, da Tavs unda gaufrTxildeT. RmerTo Cemo, ratom ar vxedav Tqvenebr spetak da Tavdadebul adamianebs, romel-nic TqvensaviT uangarod iRvwodnen?!

16 wlis viyavi, roca is (varlam Tofuria) Cemi maswav-lebeli gaxda. Raribi ojaxidan gamosuls gza momca, didi amagi damdo. magram Wirs is mimsubuqebs, rom qveyanaze Tqvena xarT, rom qarTul enaTmecnierebas Tqveni saxiT sa-TaveSi udgas diadi, wminda, uangaro, marTali kaci.

me iseTi buneba maqvs, vinme unda mwamdes, vinme unda miyvardes, Torem arafris gakeTeba ar SemiZlia. aseTi cocxali xati CemTvis Tqvena xarT da minda sul, sul, sul kargad iyoT Zvirfas TamarTan erTad.

q. ZoweniZe SeniSvna: baraTze TariRi araa miTiTebuli, magram Cans,

dawerili unda iyos 1966 wlis Semodgomaze, varlam Tofuri-as gardacvalebis Semdeg.

qeTevan ZoweniZis werili arnold Ciqobavas meuRle

Tamar yiasaSvilisadmi (1967,19.01):

70

71

q e T e v a n Z o w e n i Z e

mecnieri msoflio saxeliT

(arnold Ciqobavas dabadebis 70 wlisTavisaTvis) 26 marts 70 weli Seusrulda erovnuli kulturis

did moRvawes, saxelovan mecniersa da mamuliSvils, iberi-ul-kavkasiuri enebis gamoCenil mkvlevars, saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis akademikoss, Tbilisis saxel-mwifo universitetis profesors arnold Ciqobavas.

arnold Ciqobava iseTi mecnieria, romelmac erTxel-ve rwmenili gaixada cxovrebis sagnad, ganuzomeli siyva-ruliT, uangaro gatacebiT, marTlad da patiosnad emsa-xura mas, didi Semoqmedis baraqiT datvirTa sicocxlis yoveli weli da Tavisi didi naRvaw-naamagariT qarTuli enaTmecnierebis ganviTarebas iseTi siRrme da gani misca, rom mas saxeli gauTqva Cveni qveynis farglebs gareTac da amiT mSobeli xalxi da mSobliuri universiteti asaxela. amitom sruliad bunebrivia, rom arn. Ciqobava lomonoso-vis saxelobis premiis laureatia, arCeulia berlinis hum-boldtis saxelobis universitetis sapatio doqtorad, xolo am dReebSi arCeul iqna didi britaneTis filolo-gTa sazogadoebis sapatio wevrad im didi damsaxurebisaT-vis, romelic mas aqvs `kavkasiis xalxTa enebis Seswavlis dargSi” da im didi RvawlisaTvis, `romelic dasdo qarTu-li enis rvatomiani akademiuri leqsikonis gamocemas, ro-gorc mTavarma redaqtorma”.

didi britaneTis filologTa sazogadoeba, romelic 1842 wels daarsda, Tavisi xasiaTiT saerTaSorisoa. amde-nad, am sazogadoebis wevrad arn. Ciqobavas arCeva misi naR-vawis sidiadis saerTaSoriso aRiarebas mowmobs. Tanac, rogorc sazogadoebis mier gamoqveynebul gancxadebaSia aRniSnuli, `gamoxatavs mis megobrul grZnobebs profe-sor Ciqobavasadmi, romelsac wels 70 weli usruldeba, da

72

misi kolegebisadmi Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi, romelic wels aRniSnavs Tavis 50 wlis iubiles”.

yvela qarTvels, visac axarebs Tavisi eris dideba, ga-axarebs Tavisi qveynis saxelovani Svilis es pativic, rad-ganac didebasa da Rirsebas erisas swored arn. Ciqobavas-Tana kacis sawyaoTi wyavs adamiani. yvela kulturuli eri iamayebs iseTi moazrovne mecnieriT, rogoric aris arn. Ciqobava. misebri mecnieri, ilias sityviT rom vTqvaT, `Zal-Rone da cixe-simagrea erisa, qveynisa da mis mier gav-lili, RvawliT daqnili gza mTeli skolaa da mwvrTnelia yvelasi, visac ki kacobisaTvis guli erCis”.

arn. Ciqobavas ganvlili gza mamulisa da mecnierebi-saTvis Tavdadebis magaliTia, erTxelve rwmenilisaTvis ukandauxeveli swrafva, daZabuli SemoqmedebiTi Sroma da mwvave brZolaa. amitom aris, rom misi cxovreba da moRva-weoba erTi mTliani da ganuyofelia. misi biografia, ro-gorc samarTlianad aRniSnaven, TiTqmis mxolod mecnie-ruli Semoqmedebaa.

arn. Ciqobavam 1917 wels warCinebiT daasrula quTai-sis qarTuli gimnazia, xolo 1922 wels Tbilisis saxelmwi-fo universitetis sibrZnismetyvelebis fakultetis ori ganyofileba — enaTmecnierebisa da fsiqologiisa. iqve da-tovebul iqna profesorobisaTvis mosamzadeblad. 1924 wels Caabara zepiri sadoqtoro gamocdebi, 1926 wlidan daiwyo leqciebis damoukidebeli kursis wakiTxva, 1929 wels universitetis kursdamTavrebulTagan pirvelma da-icva sadoqtoro disertacia. 1933 wels igi damtkicebul iqna profesorad da mis mierve Camoyalibebuli kavkasiuri enebis kaTedris gamged universitetSi, xolo qarTuli enis kaTedris gamged — quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi. 1936 wlidan igi saTaveSi udgas kavkasiur enaTa ganyofi-lebas enis, istoriisa da materialuri kulturis insti-tutSi, xolo 1941 wlidan — saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa

73

akademiis `akad. n. maris saxelobis enis institutSi~, amJa-mad enaTmecnierebis institutSi.

1941 wels, roca daarsda saqarTvelos ssr mecniere-baTa akademia, arn. Ciqobava arCeul iqna pirveli Semadgen-lobis akademikosad da ukanasknel xanebamde iyo am akade-miis prezidiumis ucvleli wevri.

arn. Ciqobava metad farTo profilis mecnieria, ro-melmac Tavisi mravalricxovani Sromebi (maTgan 18 monogra-fiaa) rogorc qarTveluri (qarTuli, megrul-Wanuri, svanu-ri) da mTis iberiul-kavkasiuri enebis, iseve zogadi enaT-mecnierebis Teoriuli problemebis kvlevas miuZRvna.

gansacvifrebelma niWierebam da farTo mecnierulma ganaTlebam, mravalmxrivma samecniero interesebma da enaTmecnierebis mosazRvre disciplinebis Rrma codnam, sulis didma Ronem da saarako pasuxismgeblobis grZnobam, daucxromelma sibejiTem da saqmis ulevma siyvarulma arn. Ciqobavas SesaZlebloba misca ama Tu im sakiTxis Ses-wavlisas Tanabari sisruliTa da siRrmiT ewarmoebina mec-nieruli analizica da sinTezic. arn. CiqobavasaTvis, ro-gorc sinTezuri gonebis moazrovnisaTvis, problemis mecnieruli Seswavla gulisxmobs movlenaTa simravleSi saerTo kanonzomierebis dadgenasa da dasabuTebas.

arn. CiqobavasaTvis niSandoblivia kvlevis obieqtis ganxilva zogadi enaTmecnierebis poziciebidan. amis gamo misi yoveli debuleba mis zogad koncefcias Seewoneba da misi Sromebic gamoirCeva rogorc azris sinaTliTa da siRrmiT, principulobiTa da ukompromisobiT, debuleba-Ta logikuri dasabuTebiTa da argumentaciis ZaliT, iseve sada, daxvewili eniT da misabaZi lapidaruli stiliT.

arn. Ciqobavas mravalricxovan problematikaSi didi adgili uWiravs qarTulsa da megrul-Wanurs dialeqtebi-TurT, romelTa SedarebiT-istoriuli Seswavlis Sedege-bi man Seajama iseT fundamentur monografiebSi, rogori-caa: `Wanuris gramatikuli analizi”, `Wanur-megrul-qar-

74

Tuli SedarebiTi leqsikoni”, `saxelis fuZis uZvelesi agebuleba qarTvelur enebSi”, `ergatiuli konstruqciis problema iberiul-kavkasiur enebSi” (2 tomi) da sxv.

qarTuli martivi winadadebis sintaqsuri meqanizmis Seswavlasa da winadadebisa da misi nawilebis sxvadasxvagvari gagebis kritikul analizs mieZRvna arn. Ciqobavas sadoqtoro disertacia `martivi winadadebis problema qarTulSi”.

arn. Ciqobavas gamokvlevebma qarTuli enis dialeq-tebis — fereidnulis, kaxurisa da mTiuluris Sesaxeb sa-Tave daudo Teoriul dialeqtologias. dialeqtologiu-ri TvalsazrisiT aseve mniSvnelovania misi calke wignad gamosuli`Wanuris teqstebi”.

arn. Ciqobavam Suqi mohfina qarTuli saliteraturo enis istoriis sakiTxebs, mogvca saliteraturo qarTuli enis axali periodizacia. mis ganviTarebaSi ganasxvava Zve-li da axali qarTuli: Zveli saliteraturo ena V saukuni-dan me-12 saukunis damlevamde, xolo me-12 saukunidan isa-xeba axali qarTuli. es daadastura rusTavelis enis spe-cialuri enaTmecnieruli SeswavliTac.

qarTveluri enebis agebulebisa da istoriis Seswav-lam aucilebeli gaxada, pirvel rigSi, qarTulisa da mTis kavkasiuri enebis istoriul-genezisuri urTierTobis garkveva, Semdeg ki misi kvleva warimarTa winaaziis arain-doevropul da arasemitur Zvel mkvdar enebTan, cocxal enaTagan — baskurTan qarTulis genetikuri naTesaobis dasadgenad.

qarTulTan geneturad monaTesave enaTa Seswavlas mxolod saenaTmecniero mniSvneloba rodi aqvs. qarTuli enis sxva enebTan naTesaobis sakiTxi qarTveli xalxis war-momavlobis problemas ukavSirdeba, amdenad, mas didi mniSvneloba eZleva kulturis istoriis TvalsazrisiTac.

iberiul-kavkasiur enaTa sakiTxebze calkeul gamok-vlevebs garda calke wignad gamovida xunZuri ena (ilia cercvaZis TanaavtorobiT) da monografia `iberiul-kav-

75

kasiur enaTa Seswavlis istoria”, romelsac metad aqtua-luri mniSvneloba aqvs iberiul-kavkasiur enaTa Semdgomi mecnieruli Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT.

arn. Ciqobavasa da misi mowafeebis mier, romlebic did pedagogiur da samecniero muSaobas ewevian sxvadasxva sa-mecniero-kvleviTsa da pedagogiur institutebSi, Sesru-lebulia mravali Sroma, daculia sadoqtoro da sakandi-dato disertaciebi. amitom aris, rom arn. Ciqobava samar-Tlianad iTvleba kavkasiuri enaTmecnierebis fuZemdeb-lad, xolo Tbilisi kavkasiuri enebis kvlevis centrad.

konkretuli enebis mecnieruli SeswavlisaTvis Teori-ul safuZvlebs qmnis zogadi enaTmecniereba, romlis ganvi-Tareba saqarTveloSi arn. Ciqobavas saxels ukavSirdeba.

enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebze daweril Sromebs Soris gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs arn. Ciqobavas `zogad enaTmecnierebas” (propedevtikuli nawili), romelSiac mo-cemulia enaTmecnierebis cnebaTa sistemuri analizi. es wigni 1935, 1939, 1946 wlebSi gamovida da masze Cveni studen-ti axalgazrdobis ara erTi da ori Taoba aRizarda. am wig-nis IV Sevsebul gamocemas warmoadgens `enaTmecnierebis Se-savali” (1952), romelic orjer gamovida rusulad, iTar-gmna Cexur, bulgarul da Cinur enebze, xolo mis Sesaxeb recenziebi daiwera Cexur, frangul da inglisur enebze.

arn. Ciqobavas fundamenturi monografiaa II tomi `zo-gadi enaTmecniereba, ZiriTadi sakiTxebi”. am monografiis pirvel nawilSi mocemulia enaTmecnierebis sagnis raobis gagebaSi dasavleT evropis mTavar mimdinareobaTa da maris meqanisturi materializmis mecnierul-kritikuli anali-zi, xolo meore nawilSi — sistemuri analizi enisa da enaT-mecnierebis ZiriTadi principuli sakiTxebisa, romelic arsebiTad Tavs iyris enaTmecnierebis sagnis, specialuri meTodebis, struqturisa da sxva mecnierebasTan mimarTe-bis problemis garSemo.

76

calkeul specialur gamokvlevebTan erTad aseve fa-seulia arn. Ciqobavas monografia, `enis problema, rogorc enaTmecnierebis sagnisa”, romelic 1959 w. daibeWda rusul enaze moskovSi.

arn. Ciqobavam gansakuTrebuli Rvawli dasdo qarTu-li saliteraturo enis leqsikis Seswavlas, igi mTavari re-daqtoria qarTuli enis rvatomeuli ganmartebiTi leqsi-konisa da redaqtori I da IV tomebisa. leqsikonis pirvel toms wamZRvarebuli aqvs arn. Ciqobavas mecnieruli gamok-vleva qarTuli saliteraturo enis warmoSobis, ganviTare-bisa da bunebis Sesaxeb zogadi enaTmecnieruli Tvalsazri-siT da mis mierve damuSavebuli leqsikonis Sedgenis prin-cipebi. arsebiTze rom ara iTqvas ra, arn. Ciqobavas ubralo teqnikuri detalebic ki imgvarad aqvs gaTvaliswinebuli, rom leqsikoniT sargebloba saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SeZ-los araspecialistma momxmarebelma.

arn. Ciqobava aris `rusul-qarTuli leqsikonis” erT-erTi redaqtoric.

didia arn. Ciqobavas monawileoba qarTuli enis norme-bis dadgenisa da mecnieruli terminologiis unifikaciis saqmeSi, mis mier SemuSavebuli “normebis dadgenis princi-pebi” safuZvlad daedo saliteraturo enis normebis dam-dgeni saxelmwifo komisiis muSaobas.

didi mecnieris 45 wlis naRvawi dRes iseT did xvavad iqca, rom yvelasaTvis dasanaxavi gaxda da sayovelTao mad-liereba gamoiwvia. magram misgan mSobeli xalxi kidev bevrs moelis. moelis, dawyebuli monografiebis — `iberiul-kav-kasiuri enaTmecnierebis Sesavlis”, `Tanamedrove enaTmec-nierebis ZiriTadi sakiTxebisa” da `qarTuli enis istoriis” — damTavrebas, Semdeg ki enis mSeneblobis sakiTxebze — sxva axal gamokvlevebs.

arn. Ciqobava mecnierul muSaobasTan erTad nayofier sazogadoebriv da pedagogiur muSaobasac eweva. igi wevria mTeli rigi sabWoebisa da samecniero sazogadoebisa, samec-

77

niero Jurnalebis saredaqcio kolegiebisa. igi aqtiur mo-nawileobas iRebs enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebze sxvadasxva qalaqSi gamarTul kongresebze, sesiebsa da TaTbirebze.

skolebis dasaxmareblad arn. Ciqobava sistematurad monawileobs programebis SedgenaSi, saxelmZRvaneloebis ganxilvasa da recenzirebaSi, aqveynebs meTodikis sakiT-xebze mecnierul-popularul naSromebs.

arn. Ciqobava did dros andomebs mecnieruli kadrebis aRzrdas, studentebTan da aspirantebTan muSaobas. maT mi-marT igi did yuradRebas da mzrunvelobas iCens, Tumca mkacri momTxovnicaa. is kargad erkveva adamianebSi. amitom gasakicxs yovelTvis kicxavs, magram ise, rom xmas ar aumaR-lebs, es arcaa saWiro. mas gaaCnia is moraluri Zala da kristaluri siwminde, romelic misdami mowiwebas gagrZno-binebs da dagarwmunebs, rom mecnierebaSi WeSmaritebis Zie-ba pirad cxovrebaSi patiosnebas avalebs adamianebs. amis gamo masTan urTierTobaSi ginda iyo ufro ukeTesi Sromis-moyvare, uangaro da wminda, rom misi ndobis Rirsi Seiqmne.

arn. Ciqobavas sxvebisaTvis magaliTad xdis misi pi-rovnebis sidiade. igi aris ubralo, miukerZoebeli. mtkice da pirdapiri. erTi sityviT iseTi, romlis Sesaxeb ilia am-bobda: `igi aris kaci, romelic arasodes ar ityvis `ho-s”, roca guli eubneba `aras”, e.i. igi aris marTali kaci. amis-Tana kacs TviT Suri da borotebac ver bRalavs ciliswame-biT.

arn. Ciqobavas Rvawli Sesatyvisad dafasda. igi da-jildoebulia leninis, wiTeli droSis da sapatio niSnis ordenebiT. 1946 wels mieniWa mecnierebis damsaxurebuli moRvawis wodeba.

dRegrZelobdes da sulis cxovelmyofeli siWabuke ar mohklebodes Cvens saxelovan mecniers, romelic kavka-siuri enaTmecnierebis faric aris da xmalica.

gaz. `quTaisi”, 1968, 27/III

78

v a r l a m T o f u r i a

b-ni varlami gaxldaT qeTevan ZoweniZis pirveli leq-tori quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi. misi mzrunvelobiT gamovlinda qeTevani, rogorc bejiTi studenti da niWieri mkvlevari; misive TanaxelmZRvanelobiT gaiara aspirantura Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi.

arqivSi daculi uamravi werili (piradi mokiTxvis bara-Ti, sadResaswaulo misaloci Tu saqmiani Setyobineba), b-ni varlamisa da misi meuRlis saxeliT gamogzavnili, TiTqmis yovelTvis iwyeba sityvebiT: didad pativcemulo qeTevan

//qeTo! (metwilad dawerilia qaragmiT: d῀d p῀lo qeTevan!).

didad pativcemulo qeTo! didi madlobeli varT axali wlis ase guliT moloc-

visaTvis. Cveni mxriTac miiReT guliTadi molocva. vnat-robT, rom aRgvisruldes survili Tqveni bednierebisa, janmrTelobisa da didi warmatebisa.

gTxovT Tamarisa da Cemi pativiscemiT aRsavse mokiT-xva gadasceT Tqvens sayvarel dedas, rZals da Zmas...

Cven rigianad varT. karga xans viavadmyofe da Zlivs davaRwie Tavi siglaxes...

TbilisSi rom CamoxvideT, gvinaxu-leT ojaxad. iyaviT kargad. pativiscemiT

30.I.54

d῀d pativcemulo qeTo! mogilocavT am did dResaswauls da gisurvebT win-

svlasa da warmatebebs. gTxovT uRrmesi pativiscemiT ga-dasceT Cemi da Cemi ojaxis mokiTxva dedas, Zmas, rZals mTeli ojaxiT. tkbilad magondeba zafxulSi Tqvens ojax-Si gatarebuli dRe.

mokiTxva gadaeciT amxanagebs da usurveT gamarjveba muSaobaSi. aseTi saTxovari maqvs TqvenTan:

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1. Tu SeiZleba gamogzavneT Tqveni Cawerili teqstebi imerulis (zemo, qvemo) Sesaxeb, raodenoba 1,5-2 Tabaxi. sa-survelia sxvadasxva raionisa iyos, SinaarsiT nair-nairi, dasabeWdad vargisi... uCveneT — visganaa Cawerili, sad, ro-dis da vis mier. daibeWdeba....

(Semdeg saubaria kaTedris saqmianobis Sesaxeb, sxva wevrebis davalebebze — J.f.).

pativiscemiT varlam Tofuria 7.XI.1955

Zvirfaso profesoro!

miviRe Tqveni werili. didi, didi madloba aseTi yurad-RebisaTvis. maSinve Sevaswore Cemi werilebi, magram ver ga-mogigzavneT. am dReebSi aq iseTi daZabuli mdgomareoba da mZime ganwyobileba iyo, rom sul damaviwyda yvelaferi.

salami didi siyvaruliT pativcemul Tamars da bav-Svebs. iyaviT sul, sul, sul kargad.

marad Tqveni pativismcemeli q. ZoweniZe 12.III.56

didad pativcemulo qeTo! guliTadad mogilocavT axal wels da gisurvebT: de-

da kargad brZandebodes da didxans isiamovnos Svilebis bednierebiT, Zmebma col-SviliT ixaron da mravalricxo-vani ojaxi eqneT SvilebiTa da SviliSvilebiT, Tqven oja-xi, Tqveneburi SeqmnaT da erT-erTi Zis naTliebad Cven migviRoT, yvela Tqvenma maxlobelma TavianTi keTili cxovrebiT gagaxaroT da dagamSvidoT, mecnierebaSi kidev axali nabiji gadadgaT da axali Sromebi SegvmatoT.

kidev ramdeni ram gvinda gisurvoT! gakocebT. Tqveni mosiyvarule Tamar da varlam Tofuriebi

26.XII.1959 moskovi

80

d῀d p῀lo da Zvirfaso qeTo!

miiReT Cveni gulsavse mokiTxva Tqven da b. daviTma. ise momixda, rom gzidan gwerT. ...Sewuxebis meti aba ra iqneba: TqvenTan gamocxaddeba kidev ori latvieli studenti.

erTi maTgani Cveni universitetis studentia (wels Caric-xes). quTaisSi darCebian ori-sami dRe, rom naxon adgilebi...

Tqvengan wavlen baTumSi. gTxovT vinmes daavaloT, rom gzamkvlevi iyos, ela-

parakos mxolod qarTulad. momikiTxeT kaTedris wevrebi. mapatieT Sewuxeba. pat. T. da v. Tofuriebi

24.VIII.64

Rrmad pativcemulo da Zvirfaso qeTo da b. daviT!

adamianis cxovrebaSi aris wuTebi sixarulisa da bed-nierebisa. es wuTebi CvenTvis gaxda Cveni sicocxlis Ta-namgzavri, ganuyreli da mudam saxsovari. igi Tqven, Tqven-ma gulwrfelobam da adamianurma Tvisebebma mogvaniWes. marTalia, Zalian SegawuxeT dRec, Ramec, magram miviReT guliT, wmindad, radganac Tqveni dauviwyari yuradReba da gadauxdeli vali iyo da aris uangaro...

WarbgrZnobieri depeSac miviRe. uRrmesi madloba. mar-Tali giTxraT, Cems wlovanebas vmalav, vaxalgazrdob, mag-ram weli mainc welia. ra gaewyoba... leilamac (igulisxmeba lei-la kvantaliani (1931-2011), enaTmecnieri, filologiis mecnierebaTa

doqtori — J.f.) ar damiviwya. madlobas vwirav. gTxovT Cveni gulmarTali mokiTxva da grZnobiT aR-

savse madloba gadasceT buWas da mis mSvenier col-Svils. maradis Tqveni madlieri da pativismcemeli

varlam Tofuria 9.I.1966

81

q e T e v a n Z o w e n i Z e

profesori varlam Tofuria

Znelia profesor varlam Tofuriaze wera. veraviTa-ri epiTetiT ver gamoxatav am didi mecnierisa da didbune-bovani adamianis pirovnebis sidiades. misi ubraloeba da krZaluleba, saTnoeba da Tavazianoba, sikeTe da sispeta-ke, gulis siTbo da azris sicxovele ise TvalnaTliv sag-rZnobia, rom mowiwebas iwvevs yvelaSi da kadnierebasac ki daamorcxvebs.

ramdenime wlis winaT mis Sesaxeb `axalgazrda komu-nistSi” didi siyvaruliT dawerili werili wavikiTxe. we-rilis avtori prof. v. Tofurias adarebda anTebul san-Tels, `romelic aravisgan arafers ar miiRebs, magram gas-cems mTlianad, rac gaaCnia, da gaaCnia mxolod naTeli”. SesaniSnavi naTqvamia da swored prof. v. Tofurias xasia-TisTvis niSandoblivi. am did mecniers SeuZlia Rameebi aTenos misi studentebisa Tu aspirantebis naSromebis gas-worebaSi, daunaneblad, uangariSod daxarjos mTeli Tavi-si dro mowafeebTan muSaobaSi, axalgazrda mecnier-muSak-Ta gamokvlevebis recenzirebaSi, ixaros maTi sixaruliT, imtkivneulos maTi tkiviliT, sxvebisgan ki misi saWiroe-bisaTvis mciredic ki ar miiRos. man uari ganacxada, rom samoci wlis Tavze misTvis iubile gadaexadaT, mis Sesaxeb werilebi daeweraT.

igi Cumi da uxmauroa da swored amiTac aris diadi. TavisTavisadmi didad momTxovni, momTxovnia mowa-

feebis mimarTac. roca saqme erovnuli umaRlesi ganaTle-bis momavals exeba, mas ar SeuZlia daTmoba, amitom `mkacr” gamomcdelad iTvleba, magram am `simkacreSi” studenti axalgazrdobis piruTvneli siyvarulia, didi survilia safuZvliani momzadeba misces maT, damjdari Sromis siy-varuli SesZinos, Seayvaros mSobeli xalxi, misi ena da

82

kultura, misi warsuli, awmyo da momavali, `riTac qar-Tveli kaci SeiZleba qarTvelobdes” (arn. Ciqobava).

prof. v. Tofuria didi mamuliSvilia. mTels mis moR-vaweobas dedaboZad edeba qarTveli xalxisa da misi enis didi siyvaruli. am siyvaruliT STagonebuli mecnieri qarTuli enis gramatikis urTules sakiTxebs, romelnic SeiZleba sxva SemTxvevaSi kacs mSralad da mosawyenad mo-eCvenos, ise gatacebiT xsnis, rom msmenelTaTvis xelSesa-xebi xdeba qarTuli enis simdidrec da sinatifec.

prof. v. Tofurias udides mecnierul codnasTan er-Tad am codnis gadacemis SesaniSnavi unaric gaaCnia. igi ubadlo pedagogia. visac Tundac erTxel mainc mousmenia misi leqcia, igi ise aRfrTovanebula misi sityvis ZaliT, rom amis kvali mis cnobierebaSi SemdegSic aRar waSlila. amiT aixsneba, rom misi erT-erTi studenti s. isiani brZo-lis velidanac ki iwereboda: am grigalis dros xSirad vxe-davdi varlam Tofurias Tmis vercxlso.

axla es Tmebi pirvel, umtvero TovliviT TeTria 40 wlis daZabuli SemoqmedebiTi Sromis Sedegad.

prof. v. Tofuria 110 Sromis avtoria. yovel mis ga-mokvlevaSi brwyinvale niWTan erTad xelSesaxebad ig-rZnoba Tanmimdevroba da istoriuli perspeqtiva, faqte-bis dadgenisa da analizisas mkacri momTxovneloba da si-zuste, kritikuli alRo da argumentaciis didi Zala.

metad farToa mecnieris sakvlev problemaTa wre. igi ikvlevs zogadi enaTmecnierebis, qarTulisa da qarTu-lis moZme svanurisa da zanuris, mTis iberiul-kavkasiuri enebisa da maTi dialeqtebis gramatikuli wyobis, leqsiki-sa da istoriis sakiTxebs. ar iviwyebs enobrivi mSeneblo-bisa da qarTuli enis swavlebis meTodikis sakiTxebsac.

prof. v. Tofurias monografiam svanur zmnaze mtki-ce safuZveli Cauyara qarTulis monaTesave enebis mecnie-rul Seswavlas, xolo misma dialeqtologiurma gamokvle-vebma — istoriul-dialeqtologiur Ziebas.

83

metad faseulia prof. v. Tofurias gamokvlevebi erT-erTi mTis iberiul-kavkasiuri enis - lakuris Sesaxeb, aseve qarTveluri enebis fonetikisa da sityvawarmoebis sakiTxebze.

didia profesoris Rvawli saliteraturo qarTulis sadavo sakiTxebis mowesrigebisa da normebis unifikaciis saqmeSic. misi `qarTuli ena da marTlweris zogierTi sakiT-xi” da misi TanaavtorobiT gamosuli orTografiuli leqsi-koni yvela ganaTlebuli qarTvelis samagido wignad iqca.

man didi Sroma gaswia `qarTuli enis ganmartebiT leqsikonzedac”. misi redaqtorobiT gamovida am leqsiko-nis III tomi.

prof. v. Tofuria profesor s. yauxCiSvilTan erTad avtoria rusul-qarTuli leqsikonisa, romelic ramden-jerme gamoica da daaxloebiT 17.800 sityvas Seicavs.

prof. v. Tofurias TanaavtorobiTve gamoica besiki, svanuri poezia, svanuri enis balszemouri da balsqvemouri kilokavebis prozauli teqstebi, `qarTuli dialeqtologia”.

mecnierma didi amagi dasdo skolebsac ara marto sa-xelmZRvaneloebis ganxilviTa da recenzirebiT, aramed me-Toduri xasiaTis specialuri werilebiTa da kadrebis mom-zadebiT. prof. v. Tofuriam pirvelma waikiTxa qarTuli enis swavlebis meTodikis kursi, aRzarda am sagnis meTodistTa pirveli Taoba da axlac wamZRoli mecnieria am dargSi.

profesoris `qarTuli weris dedaniT” iwyeben pata-rebi qarTuli enis asoTa moyvanilobis Seswavlas.

filologiis fakultetis studentTaTvis fasdau-debeli mniSvneloba hqonda mis mier sanimuSod Sedgenil `qarTuli enis ganakveTebs”, komunisturi universitetis dauswrebeli seqtoris studentTaTvis — `qarTuli enis” saxelmZRvanelos, xolo qarTvel jariskacTaTvis misi Ta-naavtorobiT gamocemul `rusuli enis TviTmaswavlebels qarTvel wiTelarmielTaTvis”.

84

akademikosma v. Tofuriam didi Rvawli dasdo ara mar-to saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis enaTmecnierebis in-stituts, sadac igi wlebis manZilze qarTvelur enaTa gan-yofilebas xelmZRvanelobda, ara marto Tbilisis saxelmwi-fo universitets, sadac axali qarTuli enis kaTedras gana-gebs, aramed quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri institutis dafuZnebasa da ganviTarebasac. aq igi 1933 wlidan 1938 wlam-de qarTuli enis kaTedras xelmZRvanelobda da mis mier Seq-mnili tradiciebis safuZvelze es kaTedra SeZlebisdagva-rad cdilobs ganagrZos muSaoba amJamadac.

prof. v. Tofurias dazrdilebi, romelTaganac igi safuZvlian momzadebasa da farTo ganaTlebasTan erTad misabaZ mecnierul sindissac moiTxovs, samecniero-peda-gogiur muSaobas ewevian sxvadasxva samecniero-kvleviTsa da pedagogiur institutebSi da, vfiqrobT, arasodes Se-arcxvenen Zvirfasi maswavleblis naTel saxels.

ise didia prof. v. Tofurias naRvawi, rom didebasa da Rirsebas erisas swored misebri kacis sawyaoTi wyavs adamiani.

misi cxovrebis 65 wlis Tavze vusurvoT Cvens sasiqa-dulo mecniers, rom bednieri sicocxliT icocxlos did-xans, Zalian didxans, raTa kvlavac miseburad uangaro ga-tacebiTa da ganuzomeli siyvaruliT iRvawos qarTuli kulturisa da qarTuli enis sadideblad.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1966, 9.I

SeniSvna: q.ZoweniZem v. Tofurias gardacvalebasTan

dakavSirebiT dawera gamosaTxovari werili `varlam Tofuria (maswavleblis xsovnas)~, romelic nekrologis saxiT daibeWda gazeT `quTaisSi~ (1966, 28 agvisto).

Zvirfaso Tamar!

Tqvenma werilma bevri gvatira. yvelgan Camesmoda sityvebi `TqvenTan yofnis bednieri axali weli dagvekve-bos~ da mosvenebas vkargavdi. buWasTanac ki ar wavsulvar.

85

guli ar miSvebda. ras vifiqrebdi, rom SarSandeli bednie-ri axali weli aseT ubedurebas moitanda.

SarSan, 7 ianvars, Tqven rom gagacileT, dakveTa mqonda da mTeli Rame gavaTene baton varlamze werili rom damewera. mindoda mTeli Cemi siyvaruli gamomexata im werilSi am araCveulebrivad didi adamianis mimarT. vwerdi da vjavrobdi, avadmyofi rad gavuSvi-meTqi. mere Tqven darekeT, meore dResve. kargad CavediTo. gavixareT orivem.

wels 7 ianvars ver visvenebdi, verafers vakeTebdi. saRamos antoni movarda, xval batoni varlamis sofelSi mivdivarTo.

ise moulodnelad movida da wavida, orive davibeniT. isic ver vikiTxe, romeli saaTisaTvis unda CavsuliyaviT.

mTelma sofelma Tavisi siTbo da piruTvneli siyva-ruli gamoxata b-ni varlamisadmi. yvelaferi iyo uangaro, rogorc baton varlams da mis ukvdavebas SeSvenoda.

quTaisSi iyo batoni arnoldi sadeputato saqmeze. sul baton varlamze vlaparakobdiT. daTom misi xsovnis sadRegrZelo rom dalia, batoni arnoldi aqviTinda, adga da meore oTaxSi gavida... ra samwuxaroa, rom aseTi megob-rebi daacila ulmobelma sikvdilma!

icodeT, Cvens ojaxSi uyvarxarT yvelas, yvelas. Tqven werilze buWam sul cremlebi Rvara. Cveni survilia iyoT kargad, kargad Tundac Svilebisa da SviliSvilebi-saTvis. ra kargi Svilebi gyavT, ra kargi siZe da SviliSvi-lebi. nuTu ar iciT, deda ra Zvirfasia SvilebisaTvis, Tqveni zrunva maT yovelTvis sWirdeba. gamoiCineT sulie-ri Zala, gamagrdiT. yvela gTxovT amas...

SeniSvna: qeTevanis baraTi uTariRoa, ivaraudeba, rom igi dawerili unda iyos daaxl. 1966 wlis seqtemberSi, b-ni varlamis gardacvalebis Semdeg, misi meuRlis Tamar leJavas werilis sapasuxod.

86

depeSa (1950) Zlier gamaxara Tqvenma molocvam. miiReT salami da

keTili survilebi Tqveni warmatebisaTvis.

giorgi axvlediani depeSa (1950) gilocavT samecniero xarisxis miRebas. gisurvebT

Semdgom winsvlas. Tina da angia boWoriSvilebi

SeniSvna: qeTevan ZoweniZis arqivSi daculia mzeqala

SaniZis (b-ni akakis qaliSvilis) werilebi qeTevanisadmi. sak-maod mozrdili baraTebiT mzeqala quTaisel megobars esa-ubreba misi studenturi cxovrebis Sesaxeb, zogjer samomav-lo gegmebis Taobaze rCevasac sTxovs (amonaridi erT-erTi werilidan):

Zvirfaso qeTo!

...Zalian gTxov Seni azri momwero da mirCio rame (sa-momavlo profesiad enaTmecniereba airCios, Tu literatura — J.f.). vici, rom Sen yovelTvis iseT raimes mirCev, rac CemTvis kargi iqneba. marTalia, Sen enaTmecnieri xar, magram am mecnierebam ver moaxerxa Seni gulis gamoSroba da masTan araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba Seni rCeva egoisturi iyos. icode, rom Sens pasuxs mouTmenlad moveli. moiwere is, rasac girCevs guli da Cveni megobroba gikarnaxebs...

mzeqala SaniZe 14.X.1944 Tbilisi

87

l e v a n g o T u a

q-no qeTevan! did madlobas mogiZRvniT aseT Sinaarsian werili-

saTvis. bodiSs vixdi rom xelaxlad gagsarjeT (Tu dagsa-jeT?) da Cemi wigni meored wasakiTxavad gagixadeT.

Tqven pirdapir filologiuri kvleva gagiweviaT Cem `gmirTa varamze~ da mis, rogorc Tqven lmobierad aRniS-navT, `saliteraturo enis normebisagan gadaxvevebze~.

Tqveni SeniSvnebi — bevr SemTxvevaSi — marTebulad mi-maCnia. Semdeg wignebSi da gamocemebSi usaTuod gamoviyeneb.

netav yvela TqvenisTana mkiTxveli myavdes, maSin mec albaT ukeTesad davwerdi. Tumca normebis daurRvevlo-bas verc maSin SegpirdebodiT.

me mirCevnia enis stiqiaSi yofna, misi ganviTarebis tendenciebis Zieba da SemoqmedebiTi daudgromloba, vid-re misi gramatikuli formebisa da normebis sruli sizus-te da civi, gayinuli umcdaroba.

qarTveli mwerali, romlisTvisac enis problema ar ar-sebobs, Cemi azriT, arc qarTvelia, arc mwerali da ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, hgavs im TerZs, romelic Zvel samosidan, ukve mocveTil naWrebidan — axal Coxis Sekervas lamobs. magram axlis ZiebaSi didi taqtisa da zomis grZnoba aris saWiro, rom ukiduresobaSi da xelovnurobaSi ar Cavardes sasike-Tod moqneuli kalami. sadRac aq vgoneb mec vcodav, magram yvelafers dro da eris sibrZne gacxrilavs... hoda aTSi — er-Ti sityva, forma Tu axali kompoziti rom darCes Cem monaga-ridan — me Cemi cda gamarTlebulad CameTvleba.

amas imitom ki ar gwerT, rom Tqven medavebiT — ara-med imitom, rom sxvebi umarTebulod miyiJineben.

me vcdilob yoveli Cemi siaxle qarTuli enis bunebi-dan gamoviyvano... TiTqmis yvelas — paraleluri msgavsi formebi moenaxeba safuZvlad, magram es yovelive stiqiu-ri, intuiciuri Semoqmedebis nayofia da ara zust mecnie-

88

ruli kvlevis Sedegi. amitom albaT saWiro sizuste da sistemuroba amTaviTve aklia. magram es Tqveni — enaTmec-nierebis saWirisufloa... me ki Cemi isedac mZime da areul-Careuli xurjinebi meyofa sazidrad.

mainc Sevexebi zogierT formas. _ vcdilob vixmaro lapidaruli _ kveciTi forma

(`i~ daboloebis mokveca). vfiqrob aqeT aqvs midrekileba qarTul enas. es ilia-

sac aqvs. _ vxmarob — nabdosans, radgan ixmareba — Coxosani. vxmarob — ulvaSosans, radgan ixmareba wverosani. _ vxmarob — qorwilions, elCions, erions _ radgan

ixmareba — saydrioni, droSioni, mefioni. Tqven marTali brZandebiT — kompozitebi me qarTu-

li enis ganviTarebis uSret wyarod mimaCnia. amas mivagen, magram damwerlobis mxriv sistemaSi jer ver moviyvane. xan defiziTa vwer _ warmomavlobis naTelsayofad... xan ki defizi ukve mekargeba.

niSandoblivia rom Zvel kompozitebsac, Cems gareSec _ aseTive defiz-udefizobis gza aqvT gavlili.

Tqveni Tqmisa ar iyos _ zog Cem kompozits `xelov-nurobis~ ieri mainc dahkravs. cotac vacaloT da an me gavcxrilav, an Tqven (keTili mkiTxveli) mieCveviT.

vgrZnob kia rom cota Warbad momdis. amis gamo aq zogma `kompozitoric~ ki miwoda.

xolo Cemi bevri kompoziti rom bunebrivia, es iqida-nac Cans, rom Tqven maT Cemad sTvliT, namdvilad ki Zvel-qarTulia. magaliTad nardibazroba, qvajvari, velkeTili (adgili xevsureTSi). Tu kanonieria — gulkeTili, cxenke-Tili — kanonzomieria — berkeTilic da berdidic.

Tu kanonieria _ axalkaci (gvaria), an axalbeda _ ka-nonzomieria _ axalberic, axalmowafec, Znelsaqmec da a.S.

agreTve savsebiT mizanSewonilad unda CaiTvalos `dialeqtur warmomavlobis~ leqsikuri masalis gonivru-

89

li gamoyenebac. iseve rogorc — arqauli, Cemi terminolo-giiT Zvelkozura sityvebis gacocxlebac.

zogi Tqven mier SemCneuli usworoba — aSkara Secdo-maa... Cemica da koreqtorisac.

Tqveni keTili survili da saqmiani miTiTebani uTu-od uangaro xelis momarTvaa _ nugeSic da gafrTxilebac.

me axla ufro medgrad SevebrZolebi sityvebs... Tqven ki gTxovT — nu momaklebT aseTsa da Tu saWiro

iqneba ufro mkacr SeniSvnebsac. Tqveni pativismcemeli l. goTua

15.III.59. dedaqalaqi

pativcemulo mweralo!

did bodiSs gixdiT, rom Tqveni werilis pasuxi Zali-an davagviane. amas hqonda Tavisi mizezebi, magram axla ama-ze wera saWiro ar aris.

Tqven mTxovdiT, mimeTiTebina `gmirTa varamis~ enaSi sa-literaturo enis normebisagan gadaxvevebze, romelTa Sesa-xeb gwerdiT. am mizniT kidev gadavavle Tvali Tqvens romans.

xSiria, waikiTxav romelime nawarmoebs, mogewoneba, xelmeored gadaikiTxav da gagikvirdeba, mis mxatvrul uniaTobas rom dainaxav `gmirTa varamis~ feradebi ki gada-kiTxviT kidev ufro aelvardnen. me mwams, maT verc vera-sodes gaafermkrTalebs droTa avdari.

Tqven qebaze ufro SeniSvnebi gainteresebT? Tqven gaqvT qarTuli enis bunebis SegrZnebis iseTi

gansacvifrebeli alRo, rom sawyenia is SeniSvnebi, rome-lic oficialurma kritikam Tqveni wignis enis Sesaxeb aR-niSna. ra ubadrukic unda iyos es SeniSvnebi Tqveni wignis uzarmazar RirsebasTan SedarebiT, Semdgomi muSaobisas zogierTi maTgani mainc ase Tu ise gasaTvaliswinebelia.

Tqven rom ganeridoT gacveTili sityvebisa da Sab-lonad qceuli formebis xmarebas, zogjer iseT warmoebas

90

mimarTavT, rac Tanamedrove saliteraturo qarTulis normebisagan gadaxvevad Cans.

Cemi azriT, rogorc amis Sesaxeb gwerdiT, es gadaxve-vebi ZiriTadad Tavs iCens msazRvrel-sazRvrulis brune-bis, sityvaTa warmoebis, kompozitebisa da zogierTi leq-sikuri erTeulis gamoyenebisas.

1. sazRvrulis winamavali TanxmovanfuZiani msaz-Rvreli naTesaobiTsa da moqmedebiTSi sruliad mokveci-li daboloebiT ixmareba: mTavar taZris (8), did omis (33), TeTr dolbandis (37), mis mefis (218), or mamis (346), mTava-ri safarisken (143)...

Serbilebul simkacriT (21), aforiaqebul grZnobiT (104), akviatebul azriT (188), Secivebul bageebiT (215), Zvel kvalidan (71)...

amgvar warmoebas Cven ilias enaSi arcTu iSviaTad vxvdebiT sruli daboloebiani msazRvrelis gverdiT.

dRevandeli qarTulisaTvis aseT SemTxvevaSi moqme-di normaa msazRvreli nawilobriv mokvecili daboloebiT (TeTri dolbandis, Cemi mefis, akviatebuli azriT... ).

msazRvrels daboloeba mokvecili aqvs sxva brunvebSic: erTi rus guSagi (288), JuJun qeTo (677), qristian sardals (218).

2. yoveli sawarmoqmno afiqsi Tavisi zusti mniSvne-lobiT aris gamoyenebuli, magram gvxvdeba iseT qarTul ZirebTanac, romlebTanac saliteraturo enaSi ar ixmare-ba: Tovlis fifquli (119); sabuTieri sabuTi (121); nameore-vi amao Zaxili (250)... nabdosani (246), TeTrkabosani (137), Zvel gvarosani (414), ulvaSosani (517)...

paralelurad naxmaria a sufiqsiani formebic, romle-bic ufro bunebrivia (ulvaSa, Savqoba samosiani asuli (647)...

SeniSvna: es masala leila kvantalianis publikaciiT dai-beWda gazeTSi `burji erovnebisa~ (1997, #1). rogorc Cans, qar-Tuli kulturis am or did moamages axlo urTierToba hqonda Semdgom wlebSic. dasturad vimowmebT arqivSi dacul qeTeva-nis meore werils (mxolod dasawyisi nawilia SemorCenili).

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pativcemulo mweralo! didad gmadlobT `gmirTa varamis~ mesame nawilis ga-

mogzavnisaTvis. alioSas TqmiT, Tqven am wignis Sesaxeb Cemi azri gain-

teresebT. me mgonia, yvela qarTveli, romelic sxvisi sike-Tis gamo wuxils ar grZnobs, Tavs moiwonebs, rom Cvens qveyanas hyavs Tqvenebr didi mwerali, romlis Semoqmede-bas deda-ZarRvad Sehqmnia mSobeli xalxisa da qveynis pi-ruTvneli siyvaruli.

Rrma azri, didi grZnoba, cxovrebis safuZvliani codna, mamulis gulwrfeli siyvaruli iseT ukvdav saxeeb-Si gaqvT mocemuli, rom mkiTxveli Tqven gmirebTan erTad xarobs, Relavs, mtkivneulobs da zogjer tiris kidec, erisa da misi ukeTesi Svilebis varamiT gulSeZruli.

sityvaTa warmoebisa da kompozitebis mxrivac am wig-nSi met zomierebas iCenT. marTalia, ver SelevixarT amgva-rad nawarmoeb sityvebs: sabuTieri, cxenkeToba... magram mgoni, Cven mkiTxvelebi, SeveCvieT maT da ise aRar gveCo-Tireba... (aq mTavrdeba werilis Savi piri)

s x v a d a s x v a

qeTevan ZoweniZe mTeli cxovrebis manZilze Rirseulad agrZelebda Tavisi didi maswavleblebis gzas studentebTan damokidebulebaSic: rogorc ki students SeamCnevda gansa-kuTrebul niWierebas, Sromismoyvareobas, mecnieruli kvle-vis marcvals, yovelnairad uwyobda xels misi samomavlo saq-mianobis sworad warmarTvas... igi aqac xelmZRvanelobda Ta-visi ufrosi kolegebis principebiT — mecnierebas sWirdeba mxolod niWieri, SemoqmedebiTad moazrovne da saqmis siy-varuliT STagonebuli adamiani...

vin moTvlis, ramden axalgazrdas uwilada q-nma qeTe-vanma Tavisi gulis siTbo, ramdens gaukvala cxovrebis gza da Tan gaatana sagzlad maRali suliereba, principuloba, mec-nieruli keTilsindisiereba da sispetake. bevrma Segirdma ga-amarTla maswavleblis ndoba da amagi... aseT gamorCeul stu-

92

dentTa Soris pirvel rigSi unda dasaxeldes qarTuli lin-gvisturi skolis TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli, uniWieresi mkvlevari korneli danelia.

`misi (k. daneliasi — J.f.) pirveli didi bedniereba iyo RvTiv momadlebuli araCveulebrivi niWi, magram marto ni-WiT fons veravin gava, Tu mas saTanado pirobebma ar Seuwyo xeli, korneli danelias am mxrivac bedi swyalobda. roca is quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis studenti gaxda, iq qar-Tuli enis kaTedras ganagebda SesaniSnavi mecnieri da dide-buli pirovneba qeTevan ZoweniZe, romelmac dedobrivi mzrunvelobiT guli gauTbo samegrelos patara soflidan Camosul sruliad ucnob ymawvils. misi rekomendaciiT gax-da is Cveni didi mecnieris akaki SaniZis aspiranti. es iyo udidesi bedniereba, romelsac korneli danelia yovelTvis didad afasebda da madlierebiT aRniSnavda~.

(amonaridi gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis gamosaTxovari we-rilidan: `literat. saqarTvelo~, 1997).

SeniSvna: qeTevan ZoweniZis arqivSi inaxeba b-ni korne-lis werilebi, romelTa mcire nawili daibeWda gazeTSi `bur-ji erovnebisa~ (1997,#10) leila kvantalianis publikaciiT. samwuxarod, arqivSi araa daculi q-ni qeTevanis sapasuxo er-Ti werilic ki, garda misaloci depeSisa. miuxedavad Cveni didi survilisa da mcdelobisa, ver moxerxda am baraTebis moZieba. amjerad mkiTxvels vTavazobT q-ni qeTevanis depe-Sas da batoni kornelis erT werils.

depeSa

Tbilisi, balanCivaZis 29 kuWuWi danelias

Tu vinmes gulwrfelad axarebs Seni kargi, maT Soris mec migule.

didixania velodi 23 Tebervals, rom mTeli guliT momeloca SenTvis gamarjveba, magram avadmyofobam dami-jabna da es wadilic ver Sevisrule. mxned iyavi!

93

Seni niWiereba da Sromismoyvareoba Seni didi momav-lis sawindaria.

magrad garTmev xels da vinatri SenTvis yvelafer kargs, rac kia am qveynad.

qeTevan ZoweniZe 1966 wlis 23 Tebervali

Zvirfaso aRmzrdelo qeTevan

rogor gamaxareT molocviT, rogor!.. Tqvenma uaR-resad Tbilma da grZnobierma sityvebma sixaruli gamior-keces, frTebi Semasxes, gamamxneves. rogori yuradRebia-ni, gulisxmieri da saTuTi grZnobisa xarT, Zvirfaso! mad-lobeli var, guliTadad madlobeli yvelafrisaTvis, rac dRemde gagikeTebiaT CemTvis. Tqven CemTvis yovelTvis darCebiT ara marto pirvel maswavleblad, aramed idea-luri adamianis cocxal nimuSad. minda janmrTeloba gi-survoT da didi sixaruli cxovrebaSi.

Zvirfaso qeTevan, ver warmoidgenT, rogor mwared metkina guli, Tqveni avadmyofoba rom gavige, Tqvens depe-Sas ramdenjerac wavikiTxavdi, imdenjer tkiviliT mekum-Seboda guli da Tvalebi misveldeboda... arc bunebaSi yo-fila samarTali, Torem TqvenTan avadmyofobas ra unda. Zalian gTxovT, ufro mouaroT Tavs, metad gaufrTxil-deT janmrTelobas. es marto Cemi ki ara, yvela Tqveni nac-nobis survilia.

me yovelTvis vecdebi, rom Cemi saqmianobiT gagaxa-roT da guli ar gatkinoT. CemTvis udidesi jildo iyo, roca batonma akakim banketze ganacxada: es kaci me quTai-sidan Camoviyvane, vende qeTevan ZoweniZes da mixaria, rom arcerTi ar SemcdarvarTo.

me qebas arasodes davumSvidebivar da vecdebi moma-valSic meti gavakeTo. ar minda, gagimtyunoT imedi Tqven da akakis, romlebic ufro meti warmodgenisa xarT Cemze,

94

vidre sinamdvileSi var. batonma akakim ganacxada, rom me SemiZlia mZime tvirTis aweva mecnierebaSi. gana es udidesi davaleba ar aris CemTvis? an naadrevi ar aris, rom sadoq-toro Tema momca? siriuli wyaroebiT momamaraga da uka-naskneli kaci unda viyo, rom siriuli ar viswavlo. zog-jer meSinia, rom yvelaferi es ver SevZlo, Tumca ukan da-saxevi gzac ar aris. vnaxoT Cemi didi survilia, rom orive gagaxaroT rame kargiT.

ramdeni rame minda mogweroT, magram Tavs ar Segaw-yenT. vimedovneb, rom gnaxavT male.

gisurvebT janmrTelobasa da sixaruls!

gulwrfeli pativiscemiTa da siyvaruliT kuWuWi

P.S. Zvirfaso qeTevan, uaRresad madlobeli var, rom disertacias oficialurad gamoexmaureT. esec Tqveni yu-radRebisa da gulisxmierebis dadasturebaa.

2.III. 1966

irodi!

guliTadi salami! sxva dros iqneb ar momewera, magram axla ki gwerT.

gwerT, radgan vici, Tqvenebr qariSxalgamovlilisaTvis Soreuli nacnobis werilsac ki siamovneba moaqvs.

mjera, gqondaT sadardebeli, magram sasowarkveTi-lebas mainc ar unda mieceT.

xom iciT, rom Tqven marTali xarT? xom iciT, rom gindodaT Tqvens samuSao ubanze yvelaferi yofiliyo uf-ro lamazi, sufTa da naTeli? erTi sityviT, ukeTesi? da rom am ukeTess aSenebdiT Wabukuri gatacebiT, uZilo Ra-meebis msxverpliT, patiosani da Tavdadebuli SromiT? xom iciT, rom angareba ar gamoqmedebdaT? maS, droebiTma marcxma rad unda dagakargvinos rwmena?!

95

ramdens ugrZvnia damsxvreuli ocnebisa da ganadgu-rebuli imedebis susxi, magram `guli mainc guladve rCe-bodaT~, radgan icodnen, rom marTali iyvnen.

me TqvenSi yovelTvis vxedavdi adamians, romelmac brZolac icis da ocnebac da aseTi minda iyoT axlac...

Tqvenze ambobdnen, pirquSiao, magram me es ar mjera. me rom darwmunebuli ar viyo, garegnuli pirquSobis iqiT imaleba kargi guli, romelsac uyvars adamiani da misTvis sikeTe unda, Tqvens saxelsac ar vaxsenebdi. guls nu gai-texT!!!

nu SegawuxebT, rom bevri moCvenebiTi megobari Camog-cildaT. rad unda gagikvirdeT es?! Tqvens gverdiTac iyvnen karieris maZiebeli qameleonebi, romlebmac gaWirvebis Jams migatoves, ase xdeba yovelTvis, da iyvnen kargi adamianebic, romlebsac Tqveni Tanamdeboba ki ar izidavdaT, Tqvens pi-rovnebas afasebdnen mxolod. isini, es kargi adamianebi, yo-velTvis ecdebian gamxnevdeT da kargad iyoT Tqven...

am werils cemidan gwerT. aq visveneb Cemi Zmis ojaxSi, TviTon Zma TbilisSia. laJvardovani ca, fiWvisa da naZvis surnelovani tevrebi, oqrosferi puris yanebi da Cemi ZmisSvilebis ucodveli bavSvoba guls mitkbobs da sulie-rad visveneb. adamianTa gautanlobasa da Worebs cota xniT mainc movSordi.

iyaviT sul, sul, sul kargad, mxned da yoCaRad! qeTo ZoweniZe

didi cemi, 6.VIII.53

salami qeTo!

... meore Tvea, rac Tqvens danaxvas velodebiT. Cveni institutis ca uTqvenod umzeod gamoiyureba. mxolod dagvianebiT gavige... rom Turme wevxarT klinikaSi. Zlier mewyina.

sjobia male CamoxvideT. Tqvens Cveulebriv garemoSi ukeT gaxdebiT. mere nuTu ase advilad amdeni xniT dagvTmeT

96

da migvatoveT Tqveni Zveli megobrebi? simarTles getyviT, mzis SuqiviT iqneba Tqveni gamoCena CvenTan.

... magram meore da ukeTesi gza: Cemi azri xom iciT — ge-yofaT quTaisSi muSaoba. kargi SemTxveva gaqvT, gadadiT TbilisSi samuSaod, winsvlisaTvis, rasakvirvelia.

... Cemo qeTo, gisurvebT male ganTavisuflebas medi-cinis brWyalebisagan da CvenTan dabrunebas. icodeT, Cve-ni direqciisaTvis pirSi marTlis mTqmeli aravin aris. sa-Wiro xarT.

miiReT qseniasa da Cemgan uguliTadesi salami da janmrTelad yofnis survili.

Tqveni gogi kokoCaSvili 6.III. 1960 quTaisi

Zvirfaso qeTo! ... Sens mogonebasTan erTad xSirad maxsendeba Cveni

yrmobis umwikvlo Sexedulebani cxovrebaze, momavalze da mwared meRimeba.

cxovrebis sinamdvilem, romelic marTlac yvelaze udidesi skolaa adamianisaTvis, daadastura, rom idealu-ri araferia. memarcxeneobis saymawvilo seni gaaqarwyla cxovrebam, 30 welze meti xnis dakvirvebam adamianebsa da movlenebze.

... mainc naTel mogonebad darCa Cvens periodSi leni-nuri komkavSiris rigebSi yofnis da gansakuTrebiT peda-gogiur teqnikumSi swavlis periodi.

... Senze guli mwydeba, rom aqamde ar gvaRirse samec-niero dargSi Semdgomi winsvla. Seni niWis mqone qali nam-dvilad doqtori unda iyos. gexvewebi, yvelafers sxvas Tavi daanebe, garda Sromaze muSaobisa da Sedegic iqneba brwyinvale. imedia amas pirferobad ar miiReb.

siyvaruliT momikiTxe yvela Tqvenebi... el. Wanturia

21.XI.1961

97

salami qeTo! jer bodiSi unda movixado am patara baraTis dagvia-

nebiT gamogzavnis gamo. Semdeg, Tu nebas momcem, minda gulwrfelad mogiloco cocxali, magram momakvdavi ada-mianisaTvis aucileblad saWiro nabijis gadadgma, rom xangrZlivi Sinagani winaaRmdegobebisa da eWvebis Semdeg mainc daqorwineba amjobine. da bolos kidev erTs gisur-veb — male gadmoxvide TbilisSi da Sens xalas niWs gacile-biT metSedegiani gamoyeneba misce.

iyavi sul kargad da kargad. Seni keTilismsurveli gr. devdariani

16.I. 63 kargo qeTo!

gilocav qalTa saerTaSoriso dRes! ibedniereT Tqveni Zvirfasi meuRliT. TqvenTvis Cveuli energiiT mraval aTeul wels

nergeT qarTuli enis sitkboeba. nino kublaSvili

quTaisi, 7.III.64

didad pativcemulo q-no qeTevan! miviRe Tqveni depeSa, ramac Zalian gamaxara. uRrmes

madlobas mogaxsenebT gulwrfeli molocvisa da keTili survilebisaTvis. didad davalebuli var gansakuTrebiT pi-radad Tqvengan da agreTve kaTedris wevrebisagan megobru-li mxardaWerisa da Cemi naSromis maRali SefasebisTvis.

Sors ar aris is dRec, roca mec momecema SesaZleb-loba aseve guliTadad mogilocoT umaRlesi samecniero xarisxis mopoveba.

gisurvebT xangrZliv sicocxles, bednierebas da did warmatebas.

marad Tqveni keTilismsurveli aram martirosovi 17.V.1965 Tbilisi

98

* * * qeTevan ZoweniZe samecniero-pedagogiuri saqmianobis

garda nayofier sazogadoebriv moRvaweobasac eweoda: kiT-xulobda leqciebs sazogadoeba `codnis~ xaziT, maswavle-belTa daxelovnebis institutis quTaisis filialSi, diasax-lisTa kulturis universitetSi; samagaliTod muSaobda ro-gorc ganaTlebis mudmivmoqmedi komisiis Tavmjdomare; iyo quTaisis saqalaqo sabWos ramdenime mowvevis deputati.

q-ni qeTevani aqtiurad monawileobda saqalaqo, respub-likur Tu saerTaSoriso kulturul-samecniero RonisZie-bebSi. igi piradad icnobda ucxoeTis kulturis zogierT moRvawes, sazRvargareTel qarTvelologebs: i. fukuros, r. lafons, g. peCs, k.h. Smidts, i. asfalgs...

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1 9 6 9 w e l i

cxovrebis daisi

qeTevan ZoweniZe gardaicvala 4 seqtembers... samudamod datova samzeo, mSobliuri qalaqi...

quTaisi, pedagogiuri instituti, samecniero wreebi, mTeli sazogadoeba usazRvro mwuxarebiT gamoeTxova Tavis saukeTeso wevrs, gamorCeul pirovnebasa da TvalsaCino mec-niers... im dReebSi bevri gamosaTxovari sityva iTqva, presaSi daibeWda nekrologebi, misi xsovnisadmi miZRvnili werilebi.

qeTevan ZoweniZe

(nekrologi)

xangrZlivi da mZime avadmyofobis Semdeg gardaicva-la gamoCenili qarTveli mecnieri, quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri institutis qarTuli enis kaTedris gamge, filologiis mecnierebaTa kandidati, docenti qeTevan samsonis asuli ZoweniZe.

qeTevan ZoweniZe daibada 1916 wlis 23 dekembers qa-laq quTaisSi. 1933 wels daamTavra quTaisis pedagogiuri teqnikumi da Sevida quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri in-stitutis enisa da literaturis fakultetze, romelic warCinebiT daamTavra 1937 wels. Semdeg swavlobda Tbili-sis saxelmwifo universitetis aspiranturaSi akademiko-sebis a. SaniZisa da v. Tofurias xelmZRvanelobiT.

aspiranturis damTavrebis Semdeg muSaobda quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiur institutSi jer ufros maswav-leblad, Semdeg — kaTedris docentad, xolo 1958 wlidan qarTuli enis kaTedris gamge iyo.

1950 wels q. ZoweniZem Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-sitetSi daicva disertacia filologiis mecnierebaTa kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad.

100

q. ZoweniZe skkp wevri iyo 1946 wlidan. ramdenjerme iyo arCeuli quTaisis saqalaqo sabWos deputatad. TiT-qmis sami aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi q. ZoweniZe warmatebiT kiTxulobda Zveli da axali qarTuli enis kurss quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi. misi leqciebi gamoirCeoda Sina-arsiTa da mimzidvelobiT.

qeTevan ZoweniZe avtoria 35 samecniero Sromisa. ram-denime Sroma miuZRvna man Zveli qarTuli enis sakvanZo sa-kiTxebs. sagangebod unda aRiniSnos misi dialeqtologiu-ri Zieba, romlis Sedegebi Sejamebulia monografiul ga-mokvlevaSi `imeruli kilo (gramatikuli mimoxilva, teq-stebi, leqsikoni).~ es naSromi sxva am Temaze gamoqveyne-buli monografiebisagan gamoirCeva sisruliTa da Tana-mimdevruli daskvnebiT. avtors igi gaTvaliswinebuli hqonda sadoqtoro disertaciad.

q. ZoweniZe didad momTxovni iyo Tavisi Tavisa da sxvebis mimarT. safuZvliani codna, pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba, saqmisadmi siyvaruli, didi niWi da erudicia mas saSualebas aZlevda yofiliyo SesaniSnavi mkvlevari, sani-muSo leqtori da aRmzrdeli.

q. ZoweniZe aqtiurad monawileobda sakavSiro da res-publikur samecniero sesiebSi, iyo quTaisis pedagogiuri institutisa da sxva dawesebulebebis samecniero sabWos wevri, qmediT daxmarebas uwevda Cvens skolebsa da samec-niero dawesebulebebs.

q.ZoweniZe saqmis erTguli iyo mecnierul da pedago-giur moRvaweobaSi. yvelas xiblavda misi principuloba da simtkice, maRali moqalaqeobrioba. igi dajildovebu-li iyo `sapatio niSnis~ ordeniTa da medlebiT.

saqarTvelos ssr umaRlesi da saSualo specialuri ga-naTlebis saministro; quTaisis al. wulukiZis saxelo-bis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri instituti; saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis enaTmecnierebis instituti.

gaz. `komunisti~, 1969, 7 seqtemberi (nekrologi ix. agreTve: gaz. `quTaisi~, 1969, 6.IX).

101

a k a k i S a n i Z e

gulmarTali, saTno da spetaki

cota myolia iseTi niWieri, Sromis moyvare da energiu-li mowafe, rogoric iyo quTaisis ped. institutis qarTuli enis kaTedris gamge, docenti qeTevan ZoweniZe, romelsac misi studentobis droidan vicnobdi. igi swavlobda amave insti-tutSi, romelSic mec mqonda leqciebi 1935-36 wlebSi. qeTeva-ni gamoirCeoda Tavis tol-amxanag studentebSi, ver movas-wrebdi kiTxvis dasrulebas, rom swor pasuxs umalve Semoma-gebebda. ped. institutis dasrulebis Semdeg igi Cemi aspiran-ti gaxda TbilisSi da sadisertacio Temad aiRo “saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli redaqciis xelnawerTa mi-xedviT”. amisTvis man ramdenime xelnaweris teqsti gadmoiwe-ra, romelTaganac erTi quTaisis muzeums ekuTvnis. diserta-cia Cinebuli gamovida. dacvisas oponentebi iyvnen cnobili mecnierebi varlam Tofuria da ilia abulaZe. am naSromma mis avtors kandidatis samecniero xarisxi moupova.

amis Semdeg qeTevanma miaSura Tavis sayvarel pedago-giur instituts quTaisSi, sadac igi didi warmatebiT moRva-weobda ukve rogorc axal TaobaTa aRmzrdeli. rogorc pe-dagogi, igi iyo momTxovni, piruTvneli, samarTliani da stu-dentebs yovelTvis etyoboda maTi xelmZRvanelis keTili gavlena. igi Zalian uwyobda xels niWiersa da mSromel stu-dentebs, rom dawinaurebuliyvnen da mecnierTa rigebSi Cam-dgariyvnen.

pedagogiuri muSaobiT datvirTul qeTevan ZoweniZes cotaRa rCeboda dro samecniero kvleva-ZiebisaTvis, magram man moaswro, sakmaod bevri daewera da daebeWda kidec. kvle-vis sagnad man airCia Zveli qarTuli enis ZeglTa ena da dia-leqtologiuri sakiTxebi da Tavis naSromebs beWdavda Tbi-lissa da quTaisSi. Zveli qarTuli enis xaziT aRsaniSnavia misi “emfatikuri xmovani Zvel qarTulSi” (Tb. sax. univ. Sro-

102

mebi, t. 30-31, 1947) da “gan Tandebuliani brunvis funqcii-saTvis Zvel qarTulSi” (ib. — kavk. enaTmecn., I, 1946).

cocxal qarTul kiloebs Soris sakvlevad q. ZoweniZem airCia imeruli, umTavresad mainc zemo, Tumca qvemoursac uZRvna erTi gamokvleva (“uxuTuri metyveleba”: quT. ped. inst. Srom., t. 8, 1948). zemo imerulis TaviseburebaT man ram-denime mniSvnelovani werili uZRvna da dabeWda quTaisis ped. institutis SromebSi; aseTebia: “ev sufiqsisaTvis zemo imerul kilokavSi” (t. 10, 1951), “zemo imeruli kilokavis Zi-riTadi Taviseburebani” (t. 22, 1960), “zemo imeruli kiloka-vi” (t. 23, 1961). imave serias ekuTvnis agreTve “unifikaciis tendenciis moqmedebis erTi nimuSi zemo imerulSi”, rome-lic daibeWda akad. v. Tofuriasadmi miZRvnil krebulSi (ib. — kavk. enaTmecn. t. 14, 1964). aRsaniSnavia agreTve misi “arqa-izmebi i. WavWavaZis mxatvrul nawarmoebTa enaSi” (quT. ped. inst. Sromebi, t. 18, 1958).

zemo imerulis Sesaswavlad qeTevan ZoweniZe mraval sofelSi iyo da gulmodgined da siyvaruliT krebda mdidar masalas rogorc gramatikuli wyobis Sesaxeb, ise leqsikuri xasiaTisas. calkeul sityvebs igi ikvlevda dargobliv, rac mas uadvilebda, farTod da dawvrilebiT Seeswavla mraval-ferovani soflis cxovreba da misi calkeuli mxareebis sit-yvieri gamoxatvis saSualebani sakmaod vrceli miwa-wylis mosaxleobis metyvelebaSi. qeTevan ZoweniZis Sekrebili ze-mo imerulis didZali masala sadoqtoro disertaciad iyo gankuTvnili. didad samwuxaroa, rom mas ar dascalda, dae-beWda igi mTlianad, magram naSromi mzadaa dasabeWdad da, imedia, gamoqveyndeba da es iqneba didi SenaZeni qarTuli di-aleqtologiisaTvis.

qeTevan ZoweniZis erT mTavar naSromTagania “pavles epistoleebis” qarTuli Targmanis teqstis mecnierul-kri-tikuli gamocemisaTvis gaweuli SromiT mopovebuli Sede-gebi. man dawvrilebiT Seiswavla am Zeglis aqauri (Tbilisisa da quTaisis) xelnawerebi da gamoarkvia maTi redaqciuli sa-

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xe. es metad mniSvnelovani saqme mas adre miendo, magram mo-uclelobisa da xSiri avadmyofobis gamo ver mouxerxda, sa-survelad daegvirgvinebina, miT umetes, rom Semdeg miviReT sinas mTisa da aTonis mTis xelnawerTa fotoebi. amitom, mi-sive TanxmobiT, es misi namuSevari gadaeca erT mis mowafes, romelmac daurTo axlad mopovebuli xelnawerebis cnobebi da kritikulad damzadebuli teqsti male gadaecema stambas dasabeWdad. amiT ZiriTadad dasruldeba axali aRTqmis wig-nebis qarTuli versiebis mecnieruli gamocema, romelic da-iwyo 1945 wels qarTuli oTxTavis ori Zveli redaqciis ga-moqveynebiT.

gansvenebuli iyo metad Tbili gulis patroni, Zalian grZnobieri, romelsac gulTan axlos mihqonda qveynis av-kargi; iyo pirdapiri, gulwrfeli da samarTliani. igi xib-lavda yvelas Tavisi alalmarTlobiT, uzakvelobiT da di-dad sayvareli iyo amxanag-megobrebsa da mowafeebisaTvis.

qarTvel enaTmecnierTa isedac mcirericxovan rigebs gamoaklda erTi saukeTeso warmomadgeneli, metad gulis-xmieri, iSviaTi gulisa da faqizi grZnobis patroni, xalxis samsaxurisaTvis Tavdadebuli da yovelgvari saTnoebiT Semkuli adamiani.

yvela misi nacnobi da megobari cxare cremliT mivsti-riT ase udrood dadumebul mecnier qarTvel qals.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1969, 9/IX

k o n s t a n t i n e m e Z v e l i a

sanimuSo pedagogi da mecnieri

arian adamianebi, romlebic xanmokle sicocxlis man-Zilze xalxis did siyvarulsa da Rrma pativiscemas imsa-xureben. amaT ricxvs Cvengan udrood wasuli, didbunebo-vani adamiani, sanimuSo pedagogi da niWieri mecnieri, doc. qeTevan ZoweniZe miekuTvneba.

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xalasi niWi, azrovnebis sicxade, principuloba, su-lieri simdidre, sispetake, sibejiTe da saqmisadmi didi siyvaruli, - ai, rogori iyo qeTevan ZoweniZe.

qeTevan ZoweniZisaTvis marTlac mSobliuri iyo qu-Taisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri instituti. mis kedlebSi aRizarda, - rogorc pedagogiuri teqnikumis mowafe da rogorc studenti. aqve Camoyalibda igi, rogorc umaRle-si skolis pedagogi da mecnieri. man aTasobiT studenti aRzarda, romlebsac mecnierebasTan erTad mSobliuri enis pativiscema da siyvaruli Caunerga.

misi mudam mocimcime Tvalebi da momRimari saxe mxo-lod sikeTisaken mouwodebda adamianebs. igi mxolod sike-Tes Tesda axalgazrdobaSi. mSobliuri mzrunvelobiT ep-yroboda yvela students, icoda misi gulistkivili da si-xaruli.

doc. qeTevan ZoweniZe, sanimuSo iyo, rogorc enaT-mecnieri da qarTuli enis sakiTxebis mkvlevari. misi max-vili Tvali yvelafers wvdeboda. mas axasiaTebda masalis Rrma codna da mecnierulad ganzogadoebis didi unari. magram arasodes ar Cqarobda, sifrTxile da Tavmdabloba misi damaxasiaTebeli Tviseba iyo. igi RrmaSinaarsiani mox-senebebiT gamodioda respublikaSi gamarTul samecniero-sesiebze, sistematurad aqveynebda quTaisis pedinstitu-tis SromaTa krebulebSi da respublikis samecniero gamo-cemebSi Tavis gamokvlevebs da samecniero statiebs.

mas yovelTvis Txovdnen universitetSi an akademiis enaTmecnierebis institutSi samuSaod gadasvlas, magram mSobliuri qalaqis siyvaruli amis nebas ar aZlevda doc. qeTevan ZoweniZes. gansakuTrebiT afasebdnen da uyvardaT igi mis xelmZRvanel mecnierebs, akademikosebs: a. SaniZes, arn. Ciqobavas, var. Tofurias da sxvebs.

ra didi energiiT Seudga doc. qeTevan ZoweniZe sa-doqtoro disertaciaze muSaobas. rogori mouTmenlobiT

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elodnen misi sayvareli profesorebi sapaeqro kaTedraze mis gamosvlas, magram am dros umuxTla bedma.

ra udrood Caqra Tqveni mCqefare sicocxle, ra mou-lodnelad Cawyvite gulis simebi axloblebsa da megob-rebs. didia gulistkivili da sulieri tramva. albaT did-xans ar SeaSrebaT Tvalebze cremlebi Sens mosiyvarule adamianebs, Tqveni sikvdiliT miyenebuli Wriloba didxans emCneva Cvens gulebs.

Tqvens naTel cxovrebas da sasiqadulo namoRvawars arasodes daiviwyeben Tqveni sayvareli megobrebi da stu-dentebi.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1969, 9/IX

r a f i e l S a m e l a S v i l i

disertaciis dacva ar Sedgeba

`sikvdilo, kargis mokvlisTvis, neta vin getyvis qebasa~ (vaJa)

maswavleblis profesia Tavisi keTilsindisieri xasi-

aTiTa da sapatio mdgomareobiT yvela sxva profesiisagan gansxvavdeba. `maswavlebeli, - werda m. kalinini, - Tavis energias, sisxls, yvelafers, rac masSi Zvirfasia, aZlevs Tavis moswavleebs, xalxs~. `maswavlebelni, - ganagrZobs mixeil ivanes Ze, _ erTi mxriv, unda iyvnen didad ga-naTlebulni, xolo, meore mxriv, uaRresad patiosani adamianebi.~

aseTi maswavlebeli iyo, upirveles yovlisa, quTaisis pedinstitutis qarTuli enis kaTedris gamge, filologiis mecnierebaTa kandidati, docenti qeTevan samsonis asuli ZoweniZe, romelic axlaxan gardaicvala didi cxovrebis Sua gzaze — 53 wlis asakSi. qarTvel enaTmecnierTa rigebs gamoaklda SesaniSnavi lingvisti, dakvirvebuli da naTeli azris mkvlevari, sada da upre-tenzio moqalaqe, yovelmxriv momxiblavi qarTveli qali,

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romelsac axasiaTebda gansakuTrebuli Tavmdabloba, udidesi Sromismoyvareoba, maRali kultura, patiosneba, gulisxmiereba, principuloba.

gardaicvala! es sityva Cveni xalxis uSreti sibrZnis siRrmidan aris aRmocenebuli. es Rrmadgaazrebuli sity-va TiTqos gvanugeSebs da gveubneba, rom CvenTvis metad Zvirfasi adamiani ki ar momkvdara, aramed gardaicvala, e.i. Seicvala fizikuri mdgomareoba da Cvens mogonebaSi uryevad damkvidrda im naTeli saqmeebiT, romlebic man datova. marTalia, vaJa ambobs: `yvelas samare mogvelis, vinc dedis mucliT Sobila~, magram goneba ver Serigebia imas, rom sicocxliTa da jan-RoniT aRsavse qali, rome-lic Tavisi mecnieruli niWis gafurCqvnis periodSi iyo, samudamod wavida Cvengan. udrood Sewyda naTeli sicocx-le, samudamod SeCerda esoden mgrZnobiare gulis feTqva, Sewyda azrovneba metad gamWriaxi gonebisa, sicocxlis Suqi Caqra Wkvian da SorsmWvretel TvalebSi. magram am Tvalebma imdeni siTbo datoves, misma bageebma imdeni Tqves, misma kalamma imdeni dawera, rom ramdenime adamians eyofa ukvdavsayofad. `lamaz qals lamazi azris tareba aqcevs RmerTado~, marTlac, Cvens TvalSi, qeTevanis mowafeebis TvalSi, qeTevani marad darCeba sindisis, pati-osnebis, kacTmoyvareobis ubadlo gansaxierebad.

docenti q. ZoweniZe gaxldaT pirdapiri da obieqtu-ri, miukerZoebeli da simarTlismoyvare pirovneba, zus-tad iseTi, romlis Sesaxebac didi ilia ityoda: `igi aris kaci, romelic arasodes ar ityvis `hos~, roca guli eubne-ba `aras~.

qeTevanma icoda sityvis Tqmis Jami. gulaxdilad unda vaRiaroT: erTi leqtoris gardacvalebiT acremle-buli amdeni Tvali jer ar gvinaxavs quTaisSi. davkargeT sulieri moZRvari, romelsac yvela misi aRzrdili yofi-li studenti Tu axalbeda abiturienti uyoymanod

107

miscemda sakuTar sunTqvas, sakuTar guls dauTmobda daufiqreblad.

axalSobilze amboben swavlulni: `patarav, roca pirvelad modixar qveyanaSi, Sen stiri da Sens garSemo yvelas sixarulis Rimili mosdis, hqmen ise, roca qveyanas eTxovebode, yvelani stirodnen da marto Sen ki Rimili mogdiodes~. qeTevanma am brZnul gamonaTqvamSi Caqsovil azrs xorci Seasxa. misma sikvdilma Cagvwyvita gulis ZarRvebi...

qeTevani — qarTuli enis didi mosarCle, qeTevani — ubadlo leqtori, maswavlebelTa maswavlebeli, qeTevani — qalis sindisi da patiosneba, qeTevani — yoyoCobisa da reklamis daundobeli mteri, qeTevani — usamarTlobis winaaRmdeg aRmarTuli orlesuli, qeTevani — iasaviT gulnazi, saTuTi grZnobebis patroni, didi mamuliSvili, humanisti _ aseTi iyo igi.

visac erTxel mainc hqonia bednieri SemTxveva, moesmina qeTevan ZoweniZis leqcia morfologiaSi, sin-taqsSi, Zvel enasa da dialeqtologiaSi, dagveTanxmeba, rom igi iyo SesaniSnavi leqtori, Tavisi saqmis didebuli ostati, mWevrmetyveli, mravalmxriv ganaTlebuli lin-gvisti. sam aTeul welze metia quTaisis pedinstitutis auditoriaSi gaismoda qeTevanis xaverdovani xma. igi gansakuTrebuli siyvaruliT emsaxureboda studentTa aRzrdis sapatio saqmes. pedagogiur moRvaweobas mSveniv-rad ufardebda nayofier samecniero-kvleviTsa da kul-turul-saganmanaTleblo muSaobas. garegnulad mimzidve-li, uaRresad Sromismoyvare, Tavmdabali, saTno, mudam studentebis qomagi — ai aseTi gaxldaT qeTevani. igi Tavi-si garegnobiTac xiblavda Cvens studentobas. misi ubralo gamoxedvac ki udides zegavlenas axdenda msme-nelze. fenomenaluri niWis patrons arasodes ar sWeria konspeqti an ubralo Canaweric ki leqciaze. `adamianSi

108

yvelaferi unda iyos mSvenieri: garegnobac, tansacmelic, sulic da azrebic~(Cexovi).

es sityvebi gonebiT naTel, zneobiT wminda, fizi-kurad faqiz qeTevanzea zedgamoWrili. qarTulma mecni-erebam qeTevanis saxiT dakarga dakvirvebuli mkvlevari, studentobam — sworupovari aRmzrdeli, maswavlebelTa maswavlebeli, Cvenma xalxma — Zvirfasi Tanamemamule.

qeTevans uyvarda `sityva saqmiani da saqme sityviani~. q. ZoweniZis kalams ekuTvnis 40-mde samecniero naSromi dialeqtologiidan, morfologiidan, sintaqsidan, Zveli qarTuli enidan. misma monografiulma gamokvlevam (`sa-xelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli redaqciis xelnawerTa mixedviT~) enaTmecnierTa gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miipyro da sayovelTao mowoneba daimsaxura. sagangebod unda SevCerdeT gansvenebulis farTo ganma-zogadebel dialeqtologiur kvlevaZiebaze, romlis Sedegebi Sejamebulia fundamentur gamokvlevaSi `imeruli kilokavi (gramatikuli mimoxilva, teqstebi, leqsikoni),~ romelzedac avtori TiTqmis oci weli muSaobda da romelic gamiznuli hqonda filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtoris samecniero xarisxis mosapoveb-lad. samwuxarod, naSromi, romelic damTavrebuli da momzadebuli iyo warsadgenad, redaqtirebuli darCa mis samuSao magidaze, ulmobelma sikvdilma uzado mecniers ar daacala bolomde mieyvana es didi saqme. raoden samwuxaroa, disertaciis dacva ar Sedgeba...

qeTevan ZoweniZe wlebis manZilze xelmZRvanelobda quTaisis pedinstitutSi qarTuli enis kaTedras. igi gaxldaT niWieri organizatori, momTxovni xelmZRvaneli, Tavisi sagnis Rrmad mcodne, partiis erTguli mebrZoli, didi patrioti. am ramdenime wlis winaT quTaisis gazeTSi qeTevanma dabeWda mSvenieri werili `vaJa-fSavela da saliteraturo enis sakiTxebi~. axasiaTebda ra vaJas

109

mxatvrul metyvelebas, q.ZoweniZes mohqonda Semdegi striqonebi:

maRlisa mTisa wverzeda saflavi gamiTxarodi, Cemi samSoblos qviSani, TandaTan momayarodi.

WeSmaritad, winaswarmetyvelurad JReren es striqo-nebi axla da gonebis TvaliT warmogvidgenen qeTevanis ukanasknel wuTebs. iZine tkbilad, sayvarelo da marad dauviwyaro maswavlebelo! isRa dagvrCenia giTxraT: azriTa naTeliTa da sityviTa keTiliTa nergavdi Cvens gulSi nergsa keTilsa aRmosacenad yovlisa ukeTesisa... esec kmara Tqveni saxelis ukvdavsayofad.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1969, 11 oqtomberi

p o l i k a r p e j a j a n i Z e

adamiani, pedagogi, mecnieri

doc. qeTevan ZoweniZis saxelis ukvdavebis safuZ-vels qmnis adamianTa is didi siyvaruli, romelic man Tavisi yoveldRiuri moqmedebiT daimsaxura Cvens sazo-gadoebaSi, pedagogiuri Rvawli, romelic man dasdo axalgazrda Taobis aRmzrdelTa wvrTnisa da yovelmxriv ganviTarebis saqmes, da mecnieruli muSaobis is Sedegebi, romlebic man dautova Cvens mSobliur enaTmecnierebas.

adamianis damaxasiaTebel saukeTeso RirsebebTan erTad masSi iyo iseTi Zvirfasi Tvisebebi, romlebic erTbaSad gamoarCevda sxvebisagan: Sorebelsa da aqamde ucnobs erTi Tvalis gadavlebiT yovelmxriv amoicnobda, SefasebaSi ar motyuvdeboda, ise miiRebda, rogorc didi xnis nacnobs. qaragmuli laparaki ar uyvarda. WeSmaritad msjelobda da amitom pirdapiric iyo, yvelasTan metad

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axlobeli, garkveul SemTxvevaSi — Sorebelic, miukare-belica da miukerZoebelic.

mliqvneli, orpiri, Tavxedi, boroti, cilismwame-beli, macduri, zarmaci, gandidebis maniiT Sepyrobili adamianebi mTeli guliT sZulda. maT sazizRrebs uwodeb-da, axlos ar gaikarebda.

qeTevani adamianSi yovelTvis eZebda mSveniers, saTnos, marTals, spetaks, wmindas, keTil mosiyvarule guls. igi iyo adamiani — CiraRdani.

qeTevanma icoda sityvis Tqmis fasi. zogs misi sityva frTebs Seasxamda, Zalas matebda, zogs SiSsac mohgvrida, magram simarTlis Zala am ukanasknelsac mis siyvaruls unergavda.

ase iyo es, magram veravin ityvis, ras warmoadgenda es Taviseburi, romlis arsebobas yvela grZnobda, misi daxasiaTeba ki aravis SeeZlo. uCinari iyo es Taviseburi.

docenti qeTevan ZoweniZe qarTuli enisa da literaturis siyvaruliT cxovrobda. misi poeturi buneba garegnulad TiTqos ver egueboda afiqsebs, magram sinamdvileSi qeTevani iyo ubadlo enaTmecnieruli niWiT dajildoebuli adamiani, romelic wlebis ganmavlobaSi ganagebda qarTuli enis kaTedras da Rirseulad agrZelebda mecnierul-pedagogiuri muSaobis im SesaniSnav tradicias, romelic aq daamkvidres saqveynod cnobilma mecnierebma.

studentebTan qeTevanis mravalmxrivi pedagogiuri muSaobis Sedegia is, rom misi bevri mowafe mowinave maswavlebeli da Rirseuli aRmzrdelia Cveni axal-gazrdobisa, bevric ki mecnierTa mowinave rigebSi dgas da brwyinvaled agrZelebs Tavisi maswavleblis moRvaweobas.

doc. qeTevan ZoweniZis mecnieruli muSaobis meTodebi da principebi yovelTvis sanimuSod iTvleboda Tavisi SedegebiT. faqtebis zusti enaTmecnieruli analizi, ganzogadoebis mecnieruli alRo, mkacri

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momTxovneloba TavisTavisa da sxvisadmi, swrafi mosazrebuloba, weris Taviseburi sworupovari stili — ai, ra axasiaTebda mas, rogorc mecniers.

1950 wels qeTevan ZoweniZem daamTavra Sroma _ `saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli redaqciis xelnawerTa mixedviT~ da warudgina universitetis filo-logiis fakultetis sabWos samecniero xarisxis mosa-poveblad. naSromSi xelnawerebis faqtebis safuZvelze zusti suraTi iyo warmodgenili Zvel qarTulSi saxelTa brunebis TaviseburebaTa Sesaxeb. es iyo pirveli srulyo-fili gamokvleva, romelic Zveli qarTuli gramatikis erT nawils — saxelTa brunebas Seexeboda.

cnobilma mecnierebma akad. v. Tofuriam, prof. i. abulaZem da fakultetis sabWos mTelma Semadgenlobam maRali Sefaseba misces qeTevanis naSroms da mosTxoves misi saswrafod dabeWdva, magram avtori ase rodi Cqarobda.

Zveli qarTulis gramatikuli wyobis sakiTxebs exeba agreTve sxva Sromebic.

... am gamokvlevebma mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana Zveli qarTulis gramatikuli wyobis sakiTxebis Seswavli-sa da damuSavebis saqmeSi.

aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom qeTevan ZoweniZem didi muSaoba Caatara `pavles epistoleebis~ qarTuli Targma-nis teqstebis mecnierul-kritikuli dadgenisaTvis Tbi-lisisa da quTaisis xelnawerTa teqstebis Sejerebis safuZvelze. dasaxelebuli Zeglis sinas mTisa da atenis xelnawerTa fotoebi maSin ar iyo, Torem qeTevans arc maTi redaqciuli Tu variantuli Sedareba gauWirdeboda.

ori aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi qeTevan ZoweniZe `sofel-sofel~ (misi terminia) movliT guldasmiT swavlobda imerul dialeqts, romelic qarTuli enis dialeqtTa Soris gansakuTrebul yuradRebas ipyrobs Tavisi dialeqturi nareobiTa da zanuris substratiT.

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misi Seswavla Zvirfas masalas gvaZlevs qarTuli enis gramatikuli wyobis istoriis rigi sakiTxis gasarkvevad.

... mas miznad hqonda dasaxuli zemoimeruli kilo-kavis Seswavla, magram amisTvis saWirod CaTvala safuZvlianad gacnoboda qvemoimerulis erT ubans mainc. amis Sedegad miviReT naSromi `qvemoimerulis uxuTuri metyveleba~ (quT. pedinst. Sromebi, t.8, 1948), romelSic mocemulia qvemoimerulis vanuri Tqmis uxuTuri metyvelebis fonetikur-gramatikul TaviseburebaTa sruli nusxa da maTi enaTmecnieruli kvalifikacia.

1950 wlidan igi swavlobs imeruli dialeqtis zemoimerul kilokavs. am ubnis TiTqmis yvela sofeli moiara man da TxuTmeti sakmaod vrceli gamokvleva dawera.

... mopovebuli masalebis safuZvelze aRricxulia yvela fonetikur-gramatikuli Tavisebureba da saTanado enaTmecnieruli kvalifikaciis safuZvelze mocemulia yoveli maTganis Sefaseba da qarTuli enis sxva dialeqte-bis analogiur movlenebTan Sedarebis Sedegad ganzo-gadebiT miRebuli daskvnebi qarTuli dialeqtologiis SesaniSnav monapovars warmoadgens.

aranakleb sayuradReboa zemoimerulis leqsikoni, romelic ramdenime aTas sityvas moiTvlis. saleqsikono erTeulebis zusti ganmarteba da sailustracio masala sityvaTa mniSvnelobis yovelmxriv daxasiaTebas gvaZlevs.

ramdenadac viciT, leqsikoni mTlianad gawyobili hqonda, roca doc. qeTevan ZoweniZes urCies, rom Seedgina zemoimerulis dargobrivi leqsikoni. es samuSao metad rTuli da Sromatevadi aRmoCnda, magram dasaxuli amocanac misTvis Cveuli sizustiT Seasrula.

amgvarad, qeTevan ZoweniZis dauRalavi muSaobisa da misi gansakuTrebuli niWis Sedegad Cvenma mecnierebam miiRo SesaniSnavi gamokvlevebi Zvel qarTul enaSi, di-aleqtologiaSi ki imeruli kilosa da kilokavebis yovel-

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mxriv sando teqstebi, zemoimerulis Sesaxeb monografia da srulyofili leqsikoni...

dasaxulia gegma, rom gamoices qeTevan ZoweniZis Sromebis krebuli da calke naSromis saxiT gamovides zemoimerulis leqsikoni.

qeTevanis moulodneli gardacvalebiT axloblebma, institutis kolegebma dakarges ganuyreli megobari da uaRresad erudirebuli mecnieri, SesaniSnavi patrioti da moqalaqe. Rrmad varT darwmunebuli, rom wlebis Semdegac ver gamTeldeba am danaklisiT miRebuli Wrilobebi. misi megobrebi yvelafers gavakeTebT misi saxelis marad dide-bisaTvis.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1969, 18 oqtomberi

114

qeTevan ZoweniZis monografia or wignad

1973 wels Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis gamom-

cemlobam gamosca q. ZoweniZis monografiis pirveli wigni `zemoimeruli kilokavi~ (enobrivi mimoxilva da teqstebi, 564 gverdi), romelsac wamZRvarebuli aqvs redaqtorTa — arn. Ciqobavas w i n a s i t y v a o b a da mix. alaviZis narkvevi `q e T e v a n Z o w e n i Z e — c x o v r e b a d a R v a w l i~.

1974 wels daibeWda monografiis meore wigni `zemoime-ruli leqsikoni~ (646 gverdi).

samecniero wreebSi ortomeul naSroms maRali Sefaseba

misces. daiwera gamoxmaureba-recenziebi, aRiarebdnen mis udides mniSvnelobas ara mxolod qarTuli dialeqtologiis istoriaSi, aramed zogadi aspeqtiTac: `kvleva-Ziebisas vinc ki Seexeba imereTs, am namuSakevs gverds ver auvlis. masSi sa-Wiro cnobebs ipovis yvela — enaTmecnieri, istorikosi, eT-nografi, folkloristi, bunebismetyveli~.

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a r n o l d C i q o b a v a

winasityvaoba

es narkvevebi zemoimerulis dialeqtologiur daxa-siaTebas isaxavs miznad.

zemoimerulSi oTxi raionis metyveleba ivaraudeba. es raionebia — axlandeli administraciuli dayofis Ta-naxmad — zestafonis, orjonikiZis (xaragoulis), WiaTuri-sa da saCxerisa.

zemo imereTis miwa-wyali Zveli iberiis periferiul zonas qmnida. zemoimerulis saTanado sisruliT Seswavla qarTuli enis istoriis TvalsazrisiT sayuradRebo Cans: sainteresoa masSi daculi arqaizmebica da neologizmebic.

qeTevan ZoweniZes zemoimeruli s o f e l-s o f e l aqvs nakvlevi: dakvirveba uwarmoebia 80 soflis metyvele-baze: zestafonis r. — 15 sof., orjonikiZis r. — 26 sof., Wi-aTuris r. — 21 sof., saCxeris r. — 18 sof. (soflebis sia mo-cemulia am wignis danarTSi).

qarTuli dialeqtologia ukanaskneli ormoci wlis manZilze TvalsaCinod ganviTarda: kvlevis sagnad iqca TiTqmis yvela kilo, mTisa Tu barisa, aRmosavlurica da dasavluric; mogvepoveba ara erTi sakmaod sruli monog-rafiuli mimoxilvac. da mainc dialeqturi movlenebis m i k r o a n a l i z i (rogorc dialeqtebis centralur, ise gardamaval zonaTa metyvelebisa) jer kidev Casatarebe-lia dialeqtebis met nawilSi, rom Taviseburebani saTanadod aisaxos dialeqtur atlasebSi.

qeTevan ZoweniZem Tavs idva zemoimerulis m i k r o a- n a l i z i moeca. wlebis manZilze sofel-sofel akvirde-boda zemoimerulis T a v i s e b u r e b e b s, iwerda gabmuli metyvelebis nimuSebs, agrovebda l e q s i k u r masalas, sagangebod swavlobda d a r g o b l i v leqsikas (saTanado realiebTan dakavSirebiT).

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calkeul raionTa metyvelebis daxasiaTeba qeTevan ZoweniZes mocemuli aqvs (ix. naSromTa sia, gv. 561), magram kvleva-Ziebis SedegTa m T l i a n m o n o g r a f i a d Sekvra ar dascalda: daumTavrebeli darCa sadoqtoro diserta-cia, romelic zemoimerulis detalur dialeqtologiur gamokvlevad isaxeboda (da zemoimerulis qvemoimerulTan mimarTebis sakiTxsac erTgvarad gagvirkvevda).

me, rogorc am sadisertacio Sromis konsultants, da mixeil alaviZes mogvixda sastambod gagvemarTa1 narkvevebi zemoimerulis Sesaxeb da xelmisawvdomi gagvexada specia-listebisaTvis zemoimerulis Seswavlis mTavari Sedegebi.

narkvevebs iseTi werilebic davurTeT, romlebic ze-moimeruls uSualod ar exeba, magram zemoimerulTan Sesa-dareblad sasargebloa, anda zemoimerulis elementebs avlens mxatvrul literaturaSi.

* * * qeTevan ZoweniZe qarTuli enis specialistTa wres

udrood gamoeTiSa. nayofieri samecniero muSaoba Sewyda. qeTevan ZoweniZes Tavis specialobaSi bevri ram SeeZ-

lo eTqva, hqonda saTqmeli da uTqmeli darCa. misi Sromebi or wignad gamodis: p i r v e l S i zemome-

rulis daxasiaTeba da dialeqtologiuri teqstebia Seta-nili, m e o r e zemoimerulis leqsikas eTmoba.

qeTevan ZoweniZis nakvlevi am ori wignis saxiT Seema-teba qarTul enaTmecnierebas.2

1 qeTevan ZoweniZis naSromTa sastambod gamarTvaze didi muSa-oba gaswia agreTve quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiuri insti-tutis qarTuli enis kaTedris wevrma leila kvantalianma. 2 es masala calke statiad daibeWda gazeT `quTaisSi~ (1973, 17 Tebervali) saTauriT`monografia imerul dialeqtze~.

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m i x e i l a l a v i Z e

qeTevan ZoweniZe

cxovreba da Rvawli

enaTmecnieri da pedagogi qeTevan ZoweniZe mxolod

53 zafxuls moeswro. 1969 wlis 4 seqtembers Sewyda misi guliscema.

qeTevan ZoweniZisaTvis quTaisis pedagogiuri insti-tuti iyo mSobliuri: aq swavlobda da moRvaweobda.

qeTevan ZoweniZe tol-megobrebSi gamoirCeoda ara marto ubadlo niWiT, aramed Taviseburi xasiaTiTac. gu-lisTqmis gamJRavneba SeeZlo da araCveulebrivi sulieri siTbo gaaCnda. iyo simarTlis mTqmeli — momwonebelic, damwunebelic. es uniRbo da futkariviT gamrje qali sike-Tes Tesavda da siyvaruls imkida.

qeTevan samsonis asuli ZoweniZe daibada 1916 wels 23 dekembers qalaq quTaisSi. man aq 1930 wels warCinebiT da-asrula pirveli Svidwliani skola, 1933 wels — pedagogiu-ri teqnikumi, 1937 wels — saxelmwifo pedagogiuri insti-tutis enisa da literaturis fakulteti.

varlam Tofurias mzrunvelobiT gamovlinda qeTevan ZoweniZe, rogorc bejiTi studenti da niWieri mkvlevari.

1933-1938 wlebSi varlam Tofurias xelmZRvanelo-biT mTel institutSi gamoirCeoda studentTa saenaTmec-niero wre. mis muSaobas warmarTavdnen giorgi axvlediani, akaki SaniZe, giorgi rogava, SoTa ZiZiguri, sergi JRenti.

am wreSi, romlis aqtiuri wevri iyo qeTevan ZoweniZe, aRizarda ramdenime mecnieri, mwerali, Jurnalisti.

wris wevrebi zafxulobiT sxvadasxva raionSi agro-vebdnen dialeqtur masalebs da ewyoboda ganxilva maTi moxsenebebisa. imJamad ruseTis qalaqebSi mivlinebul iqna zogierTi studenti (maT Soris qeTevanic) rusuli enis dasaufleblad.

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qeTevan ZoweniZe swavlobda #29 jgufSi, romelsac leqciebs ukiTxavdnen gamoCenili pedagogebi da mecniere-bi. qeTevan ZoweniZe saTuTad inaxavda da zepiradac gaix-senebda Tanakurseli fronteli poetis kerZo werils. am baraTidan Cans, rom severian isiani Zvirfas maswavleb-lebs brZolis velzec aRfrTovanebiT igonebda: Tval-naTliv vxedav korneli kekeliZis, giorgi axvledianisa da akaki SaniZis metyvel saxeebs, boboqar oqropirebs Salva nucubiZesa da vaxtang kotetiSvils, varlam Tofurias Tmis vercxls, vaJaze Seyvarebul mixeil zandukels. tkbi-lad Camesmis simon yauxCiSvilis `moqalaqeno~, mose gogi-beriZis `megobrebo~, angia boWoriSvilis ucnaurad moW-rili msjeloba, aleqsandre baramiZiseuli STagonebiT wa-kiTxuli SoTas leqsi...

qeTevan ZoweniZe Tbilisis saxelmwifo universite-tis aspiranturis (xelmZRvanelebi a. SaniZe, v. Tofuria) damTavrebis Semdeg, 30 wlis ganmavlobaSi, ganuwyvetliv moRvaweobda pedagogiur asparezze. muSaobda quTaisis saxelmwifo pedagogiur institutSi jer ufros maswav-leblad, Semdeg — kaTedris docentad, 1958 wlidan ki gana-gebda qarTuli enis kaTedras.

qeTevan ZoweniZe kiTxulobda zogadi enaTmecniere-bisa da qarTuli gramatikis kursebs istoria-filologi-is fakultetze. misi leqcia arasodes yofila mSrali da mosawyeni. es imitom, rom qeTevan ZoweniZes hqonda mdida-ri poeturi buneba da farTo ganaTleba.

SesaniSnavi mexsierebis mqone qali samecniero sesiaze yovelTvis zepirad warmoTqvamda moxsenebas, leqciazec xom cocxali sityviT ipyrobda auditorias. sityvakazmuli mwerlobidan SerCeul nimuSebs ganixilavda, msjelobda mwerlis ostatobaze, stilze, mxatvrul samkaulebze, gata-cebiT usmendnen, xiblavdaT misi saubari, radgan gramatikas niadag poeziiT aTbobda da poeziiT mkurnalobac swamda. uy-varda ilia WavWavaZiseuli brZnuli gamonaTqvami: yoveli

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cema gulis ZarRvisa gvWris da gvawylulebs Cven da Cveni si-cocxle Wrilobidan sisxlis Seuwyveteli dena iqneboda, rom qveyanaze poezia ar yofiliyoo.

... qeTevan ZoweniZis miTiTebiTa da davalebiT stu-dentTa saenaTmecniero wris wevrebma Sekribes dialeqtu-ri masalebi, gamoqveynebulia moxsenebaTa Tezisebic cal-keul sofelTa metyvelebaze. Seswavlilia qvemo imereTi-dan: Zmuisi, Wagani, dafnari, gubi, kursebi, dimi, kontuaTi, axalSeni, Wognari, zegani, dedalauri, kvaxWiri, sawire, kinCxa, gora; zemo imereTidan: merjevi, farcxnali; raWa-leCxumidan: znakva, zubi... (ix. saqarTvelos ssr pedagogi-uri institutebis studentTa respublikuri konferenci-ebi: I, 1949-VII, 1957; quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis studentTa samecniero sesiebi: XVI, 1956-XXIX, 1969).

qeTevan ZoweniZis monawileobiTve istoria-filo-logiis fakultetis studentebma 1964 wels daamuSaves va-Ja-fSavelas erTi tomi (prozidan) kapitaluri koleqtiu-ri naSromisaTvis `vaJa-fSavelas simfonia-leqsikoni~. sa-muSao Sesrulda Tbilisis universitetis vaJa-fSavelas kabinetis gamgis prof. gr. kiknaZis iniciativiT (am masa-lis safuZvelze 1969 wels gamoica `vaJa-fSavelas mcire leqsikoni~ al. WinWaraulisa).

pedagogiuri institutis arsebobis 25 wlisTavisad-mi miZRvnili amave institutis naSromTa krebuli (t. XVIII) qeTevan ZoweniZis xelmZRvanelobiT gamoqveynda 1958 wels.

pedagogiuri institutis qarTuli enis kaTedris se-minarSi qeTevan ZoweniZem ganixila umaRlesi skolis sa-xelmZRvaneloebi: arn. Ciqobavas `enaTmecnierebis Sesava-li~, a. SaniZis `qarTuli enis gramatika~ (I, morfologia), l. kvaWaZis `Tanamedrove qarTuli enis sintaqsi~, agreTve savarjiSoTa krebulebi - `morfologiis praqtikumi~ (ant. kiziriasi) da `qarTuli winadadeba~ (al. Rlontisa).

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amave kaTedras moxsenda qeTevan ZoweniZis recenzie-bic saaprobaciod miRebuli sadoqtoro da sakandidato disertaciebisa.

qeTevan ZoweniZe gamodioda moxsenebebiT pedagogiu-ri institutis samecniero sesiebsa da saqarTvelos ssr umaRlesi saswavleblebis qarTuli enis kaTedraTa res-publikur samecniero-meTodur konferenciebze (ix. aqve naSromTa bibliografia). amave dros eweoda nayofier sa-zogadoebriv saqmianobas. wlebis manZilze mas irCevdnen saqalaqo sabWos deputatad da samagaliTod muSaobda, rogorc ganaTlebis mudmivmoqmedi komisiis Tavmjdoma-re, atarebda leqciebs maswavlebelTa kvalifikaciis asa-maRleblad da sazogadoeba `codnis~ xaziTac.

qalaq quTaisSi saSualo skolis maswavlebelTa Sek-rebaze 1965 wlis 15 maiss qeTevan ZoweniZem waikiTxa vrce-li moxseneba qarTuli enis saxelmZRvaneloTa Sesaxeb. sa-jaro ganxilvisas avtorebma akaki SaniZem, ivane imnaiSvil-ma da levan kvaWaZem momxseneblis mravali kritikuli Se-niSvna gaiziares.

qeTevan ZoweniZe monawileobda SexvedrebSi da pira-dad icnobda ucxoeTis kulturis zogierT moRvawesac.

qeTevan ZoweniZe skkp wevrad miiRes 1946 wels. da-jildoebuli iyo `sapatio niSnis~ ordeniTa da medlebiT `kavkasiis dacvisaTvis~, `mamacuri SromisaTvis 1941-1945 wlebis did samamulo omSi~ da samkerde niSniT `saxalxo ganaTlebis warCinebuli~.

mniSvnelovania qeTevan ZoweniZis gamokvlevebi Zve-li da axali qarTuli enisa da qarTuli dialeqtologiis sakiTxebze.

rogorc mecniers, hqonda utyuari alRo da Tavise-buri stili, SeeZlo sakiTxis mikvleva da axlis Tqma.

jer kidev pedagogiuri teqnikumis msmeneli iyo, ro-ca moTxrobebs werda da dia Cianelic urCevda gahyoloda am gzas.

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qeTevan ZoweniZem 1950 wels filologiur mecniere-baTa kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad warma-tebiT daicva disertacia Temaze: `saxelTa bruneba Zvel qarTulSi pavles epistoleTa mixedviT~. `man dawvrile-biT Seiswavla am Zeglis aqauri (Tbilisisa da quTaisis) xelnawerebi da gamoarkvia maTi redaqciuli saxe... diser-tacia Cinebuli gamovida~ (akaki SaniZe).

... qeTevan ZoweniZes ganxiluli aqvs sxvadasxva dros da cal-calke daviT guramiSvilis ilia WavWavaZis, akaki wereTlis, vaJa-fSavelas, daviT kldiaSvilis enobrivi Ta-viseburebani. kompozitTa warmoeba levan goTuas `gmirTa varamis~ mixedviT, Cveni mravalsaukunovani samwerlo enis sityvieri maragi (da misi dialeqturi sarezervo fondis masalac) recenziaSi rvatomian ganmartebiTs leqsikonze. mecnieri qalis arqivSi daculia agreTve quTaisSi giorgi leoniZis iubileze warmoTqmuli sityva (axlaxan dastam-buli), mgrZnobiare werili ioseb griSaSvilis poeziis Se-saxeb da mogonebebi dia Cianelze, severian isiansa da la-do asaTianze.

saiubileo TariRebTan dakavSirebiT man presaSi ga-moaqveyna mozrdili statiebi akaki SaniZis, arnold Ciqo-bavasa da varlam Tofurias Sesaxeb.

am statiebSi avtori mxatvruli eniT, mimzidvelad afasebs saxelovan mamuliSvilTa naamagars.

* * * qeTevan ZoweniZem imeruli dialeqtis Seswavla daiw-

yo 1947 wels. muSaobda sistematurad or aTeul welze met xans. fexdafex Semoiara da gaecno 93 sofels (zemo imere-Tis 80, qvemo imereTis 13), specialurad awarmoebda dak-virvebas zemoimerul metyvelebaze da mis fonetikur da gramatikul movlenaTa sruli daxasiaTeba mogvca nawil-nawil.

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avtors ar dascalda, Torem ganzraxuli hqonda enobriv analizTa gamTlianeba. teqstebis damuSavebac ver moaswro. leqsikoni ki gamzadebuli darCa. naSromi mainc mdidari da mravalferovania da gamoirCeva saenaTmecnie-ro literaturaSi imiT, rom erTi kilokavi raionebis mi-xedviT aris gamokvleuli.

kvleva-Ziebisas vinc ki Seexeba imereTs, am namuSakevs gverds ver auvlis. masSi saWiro cnobebs ipovis yvela — enaTmecnieri, istorikosi, eTnografi, folkloristi, bu-nebismetyveli...

... am krebulSi enobrivi mimoxilvis gamoqveynebuli da gamouqveynebeli Tavebi (agreTve werilebic specialur sakiTxebze) dalagebulia qronologiurad. SerCeulia av-toris mier Caweril ucnob teqstTa nawili da misi leqsi-kuri erTeulebic ganmartebulia. wigns erTvis saZieblebi da bibliografiac.

enobrivi mimoxilvis sailustracio masalaSi (vgu-lisxmobT nimuSebs) alag-alag SeimCneva erTferovneba, rac sofel-sofel muSaobis Sedegia da mosalodnelic, radgan ara Tu erT kilokavSi, aramed sxvadasxva dialeq-tSic gvaqvs saerTo movlenebi.

imeruli kilos kilokavTa Sesaxeb aRvniSnavT Sem-degs: qeTevan ZoweniZis klasifikaciiT, imeruli kilo aer-Tianebs zemoimerul da qvemoimerul kilokavebs. zemoime-ruli gavrcelebulia zemo imereTSi (moicavs saCxeris, yofili WiaTuris, zestafonisa da orjonikiZis adminis-traciul raionebs), xolo qvemoimeruli — qvemo imereTSi (qalaqi quTaisi, Terjolis, tyibulis, maiakovskis, wyal-tubos, wulukiZis, samtrediisa da vanis raionebi). nawi-lobriv qvemoimerulis momxmarebelia abaSis raionic.

... qeTevan ZoweniZis daxasiaTebiT, Suaimerul kilo-kavad miCneuli Terjolis, tyibulisa da maiakovskis raio-nebis mcxovrebTa metyveleba narevi Semadgenlobisaa — masSi zemoimerulis niSnebic gvxvdeba da qvemoimeruli-

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sac. moWarbebulad an erTia warmodgenili, an meore am ra-ionebis teritoriuli ganlagebis Sesabamisad. Tanac am raionebis mcxovrebTa metyvelebaSi ar dasturdeba iseTi saerTo, TavisTavadi movlenebi, rom SesaZlebeli iyos ma-Ti erT kilokavad gaerTianeba qvemoimerulisa da zemoi-merulis sapirispirod. is Taviseburebebi, romlebic Sua-imerul metyvelebaSi SeimCneva, Tqmis farglebs ar unda scildebodes.

qeTevan ZoweniZem Suaimeruli metyveleba miakuTvna qvemoimerul kilokavs im mosazrebiT, rom SuaimerulSi qvemoimeruli Taviseburebebi sWarbobs zemoimerulisas. sami raionidan tyibulisa da maiakovskis raionebis mcxov-rebTa metyveleba axloa qvemoimerulTan. Terjoluri metyveleba ki — zemoimerulTan.

gavecnoT akaki SaniZis erTi kerZo werils (1967w.): `wavikiTxe wels `macneSi~ (#3) dabeWdili Seni gamok-

vleva `zemoimerul da qvemoimerul kilokavebTan mimar-TebiT Suaimerulis sakiTxisaTvis~ da kmayofili davrCi: Cans, rogorc yovelTvis, niWi da Semoqmedebis nayofi, oRond saTaurs me ise gavakeTebdi: `Suaimerulis sakiTxi-saTvis zemoimerul da qvemoimerul kilokavebTan mimar-TebiT.~ magram es araferia: mTavaria, rom gamokvleva kar-gia da siamovnebiT ikiTxeba~.

`zemoimeruli leqsikoni~ Seicavs eqvsi aTasze met sityvasa da gamoTqmas soflis meurneobis (miwaTmoqmede-bis), Sinamrewveloba-xelosnobisa da saojaxo saqmianobis sxvadasxva dargidan — imerelTa warsuli da Tanamedrove yofa-cxovrebidan. es naSromi arsebuli dialeqturi leq-sikonebisagan gansxvavdeba Sedgenis principiTac. qarTu-li enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonis wesisamebr, aqac leqsi-kur erTeulad miRebulia zmnis awmyo-myofadis mesame pi-ris forma mxoloobiTs ricxvSi. miTiTebulia masdarzec da Zireul saxelzec. roca awmyo-myofadi Zneli gamosay-vania da Ziric ucnobi, zmna Sedis im saxiT, rogoradac ze-

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pirmetyvelebaSi dasturdeba; Cveulebriv ki axsna-ganmar-tebebs axlavs frazeologiac. mopovebuli masala Sedare-bulia qarTvelur enaTa leqsikografiul wyaroebTan. dargobrivi leqsikidan damuSavebulia k e r a m i k a.

qeTevan ZoweniZem cocxali metyvelebis amouwuravi saunjidan ucnobi margalitebi gamoavlina. aTasobiT sit-yva da forma aRmoaCina da gadaarCina dakargvas.

qeTevan ZoweniZem waruSleli kvali gaavlo qarTve-lologiaSi.

SeniSvna: m. alaviZem jer kidev 1970 wels gazeT `quTais-Si~ (19 noemberi) gamoaqveyna vrceli statia `ortomeuli ime-rul dialeqtze — qeTevan ZoweniZis Rvawli~;1973 wlis 27 marts gazeT `quTaisSi~ (rubrikiT axali wignebi) daibeWda in-formacia saTauriT `qarTvelologiis Zvirfasi SenaZeni~ (qe-Tevan ZoweniZis wignis gamosvlis Taobaze). k o r n e l i d a n e l i a

wigni da misi avtori

bedi im wignisa, romelmac mzis naTeli ise ixila, rom Semoqmedis najafi xeli ar Sehxebia, raRaciT hgavs beds im obladSobili yrmisas, romelsac dedis siTbo ar hRirse-bia. sevdiT Seferili sixarulis grZnoba geufleba, roca xelSi iReb axlaxangamocemul qeTevan ZoweniZis wigns `ze-moimeruli kilokavi~.

...ucqer suraTs da yovndebi, ar Cqarob wignis wakiT-xvas, Tbil mogonebebs ver ganeridebi ise, rogorc, saWi-roebis Jams, ar SeiZleba mas zurgi Seeqcia vinmesaTvis, TviT sruliad ucnobisaTvisac ki. araerTxel gvinaxavs is jangatexili, samsaxurebriv saqmesa da ojaxur sazrunav-ze fiqrmomravlebuli keTili gulis Sinagani xmiT manuge-Seblad, mSvelelad xelgammarTvelad movlenia gulgate-xilT, gzaupovnelT. ase uangarod sikeTis mTesavs samagie-

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ros miRebaze fiqri gulTan arasdros gaukarebia, radgan organulad sZagda angareba da TvalTmaqcoba. is ara niS-nis mogebiT, aramed gulistkiviliT amxelda cuds.

sxvaTa mimarT uxvi da Semwynarebeli, mkacri da ul-mobeli iyo TviT sakuTari Tavisadmi: `mrcxvenia, batoni akakis imedebi ver gavamarTle, sul xeli meSleba, verafe-ri gavakeTeo~. metis gakeTeba rom SeeZlo, es yvelam ico-da. magram, rac SeZlo, gana cotaa ase udrood wasuli mec-nierisaTvis? akaki SaniZe xom mas samagaliTo da usayvar-les mowafed Tvlida da Tavisi kaTedris gasaRoniereb-lad daJinebiT iwvevda TbilisSi. qeTavan ZoweniZe ar ahyo-lia did mecnierad gaxdomis momxibvlel survils (hqonda ki amis ufleba), radgan mxolod Sinagani xmiT akeTebda yo-velTvis yvelafers. grZnobda, haeriviT sWirdeboda Tavi-sianebs, axloblebs quTaisSi, amitomac ver usrulebda Ta-vis saTayvano maswavlebels Txovnas.

...mogonebebs vwyvet da vfurclav wigns, sinanuliT vkiTxulob arnold Ciqobavas sityvebs: `qeTevan ZoweniZes Tavis specialobaSi bevri ram SeeZlo eTqva, hqonda saT-qmeli da uTqmeli darCa~. Tbilad, gulTbilad mogviT-xrobs mixeil alaviZe qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovrebasa da moRvaweobaze, mis pirovnul momxiblavobaze: `tol-megob-rebSi gamoirCeoda ara marto ubadlo niWiT, aramed Tavi-seburi xasiaTiTac. araCveulebrivi sulieri siTbo gaaC-nda... sikeTes Tesavda da siyvaruls imkida~. kiTxulob am striqonebs da grZnob: uxvad gaRebuli sikeTis sazRaurad sikvdilis Sedegad imkis siyvaruls.

ineteresiT ecnobi Cinebul gamokvlevebs zemoime-ruli kilokavis Sesaxeb, romelSic cal-calkea warmodge-nili oTxi raionis (orjonikiZis, saCxeris, WiaTuris, zes-tafonis) mcxovrebTa metyvelebis niSandoblivi Tavise-burebani. avtors sul 93 soflis metyveleba Seuswavlia adgilze. ar dascalda kvleva-Ziebis Sedegebis gamTliane-ba, zemoimeruli kilokavis sruli da zogadi daxasiaTebis

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mocema. magram gjera dakvirvebuli mkiTxveli monakveTe-bad dawerili gamoklevebidanac utyuar informacias mii-Rebs. kmayofilebas ganiWebs, rom avtorma mainc SeZlo ze-moimeruli da qvemoimeruli kilokavebis arsebiTi sade-markacio niSandoblivobaTa dadgena SromebSi: `zemoime-ruli kilokavi qvemoimerulTan mimarTebiT~, `Suaimeru-lis sakiTxisaTvis zemoimerul da qvemoimerul kiloka-vebTan mimarTebiT~, romlebic erT-erTi saukeTesoTaga-nia ara marto avtoris, aramed saerTod qarTul dialeq-tologiur gamokvlevebs Soris.

madlobis Rirsi arian redaqtorebi, rom zemo imeru-lis daxasiaTebas daurTes specialur sakiTxebze adre da-werili iseTi Sromebi, romlebic zemoimeruls uSualod exeba (`ev sufiqsisaTvis zemoimerulSi~, `TurmeobiTi me-oris erTi Tavisebureba zemoimerulSi~, `uniformaciis tendenciis moqmedebis erTi nimuSi zemoimerulSi~), aseve zemoimerulTan qvemoimerulis mimarTebasa da mxatvrul nawarmoebebSi imerizmebis gamovlenas eZRvneba (`qvemoime-rulis uxuTuri metyveleba~, `akaki wereTlis ena~, `daviT kldiaSvilis personaJTa metyveleba~).

wignSi warmodgenil sanimuSod Caweril da dabeWdil teqstebs wminda enaTmecnierul mniSvnelobasTan erTad damoukidebeli literaturuli wyaros Rirebulebac aqvs, romelSic TavisTvis saWiro masalas ipovis mwerali, fol-kloristi, istorikosi, eTnografi, botanikosi, zoologi da mravali sxvac.

Cveulebriv mxatvrul nawarmoebze ityvian: masSi mwerlis suli Canso. ramdenadme es zogierT mecnierul wignzec vrceldeba Turme. gjera, rom `imerul kilokav-Si~ Cans avtoris naTeli inteleqti, maRali pasuxismgeb-loba, udrtvinveli Sromismoyvareoba, uzado analizi, poeturi mgrZnobeloba sityvisa da natifi stili. da ma-inc fiqrob, es cotaa qeTevan ZoweniZis bunebisa da mecni-erul SesaZleblobaTa gamJRavnebisaTvis. ar gasvenebs

127

sityvebi: `bevri ram SeeZlo eTqva, hqonda saTqmeli da uT-qmeli darCa~. uTqmeli bevri darCa... kidev kargi, rom nawi-lis Tqma mainc moaswro sakuTriv Tavisi saTqmelisa, kidev kargi, rom mis mecnierul potenciaze arasruli, magram garkveuli warmodgena mainc gveqneba, roca `zemoimerul kilokavs~ gverdSi amoudgeba male kidev ori, metad fase-uli wigni `zemoimeruli kilokavis leqsikoni~ da `pavles epistoleTa qarTuli redaqciebi~.

xurav wigns da grZnob: wigni yvelafers rodi gveub-neba Tavis Semoqmedze, ganucxadebeli rCeba gulis siTbo, saTnoeba, znekeTiloba.

gaz. `axalgazrda komunisti~, 1973, 6 marti

a l e q s a n d r e R l o n t i

qarTuli enaTmecnierebis

mniSvnelovani SenaZeni

qeTevan ZoweniZis Sromebis gamocemis gamo

Cems win Zevs qeTevan ZoweniZis ori wigni: `zemoimeru-li kilokavis enobrivi mimoxilva~ (1973 w.) da `zemoimeru-li leqsikoni~... erTad aRebuli 1200-ze met gverds Sei-cavs. es Sromebi axali masalebiT amdidreben qarTul dia-leqtologias.

q. ZoweniZes Cven vicnobdiT rogorc qarTuli enis struqturisa da kiloTqmaTa niWier mkvlevars, umaRlesi skolis Cinebul moRvawes, samagaliTo pedagogs, Rirseul patriots. 53 wlis asakSi Sewyda am SesaniSnavi moRvawe qa-lis guliscema, misi udrood dakargva mZime danaklisi iyo Cveni mecnierebisa da umaRlesi skolisaTvis.

pirveli wigni or nawils Seicavs. pirvel nawilSi Tavmoyrilia q. ZoweniZis mier 25 wlis ganmavlobaSi gamoq-veynebuli dakvirvebani zemoimerulis struqturisa da leqsikis, agreTve saerTod qarTuli dialeqtologiis sa-

128

kiTxebze, meore nawilSi ki warmodgenilia adgilebze Cawe-rili teqstebi. saanalizod aRebulia imereTis oTxi raio-nis (xaragoulis, saCxeris, WiaTuris, zestafonis) metyve-leba. teqstebic am raionebSia Sekrebili.

zemoimereTisa da qarTlis sazRvarze inaskveba ori dialeqtis Sexvedris wertilebi. q. ZoweniZes Seuswavlia dasavleTis kilokavis mdgomareoba da Seujerebia zemo-qarTlurisaTvis. ukanasknelad zemoqarTluris mimarTe-ba zemoimerulTan gamoikvlia gr. imnaiSvilma da axla xelTa gvaqvs misi monografia `qarTluri dialeqti~ (1974)... q. ZoweniZisa da gr. imnaiSvilis damsaxureba aq ueW-velad mniSvnelovani da sagangebod aRsaniSnavia. (Semdeg statiis avtori dawvrilebiT ixilavs wignSi warmodgenili kvlevis Sedegebs, calkeul enobriv movlenebs — J.f.).

...faseulia misi debuleba: `imeruli kilosaTvis ni-Sandoblivia Zlieri dialeqturi diferenciaciao.~ mxar-dasaWeria q. ZoweniZis cda Suaimerulis, rogorc specifi-kuri dialeqturi erTeulis, gamoyofis Sesaxeb, ris dasa-buTebasac eZRvneba specialuri narkvevi...

metad dasanania, rom avtors ar dascalda mopovebu-li da adre gamoqveynebuli masalis erTi monografiis do-neze dalageba, magram calke narkvevebi mainc sakmarisad srul warmodgenas gvaZlevs q. ZoweniZis koncefciis Ziri-Tad mxareebsa da sakiTxebis im wreze, romelTa ganxilva-sac is mTlian monografiaSi apirebda.

... meore wigni... mTlianad eTmoba zemoimerulis leq-sikons, romlis Sedgenaze avtors oci weliwadi umuSavia. vecnobiT mdidar leqsikur fonds. gaTvaliswinebulia ara marto Tavad avtoris mier Sekrebili, aramed sxva wyaro-ebSi damowmebuli sityvari... gamocema cxoveli interesis Semcvelia... q. ZoweniZis naSromi... gvawvdis axal cnobebs, azustebs calkeul sityvaTa arsebul ganmartebebs. ami-tom mTeli es leqsikuri masala Cveni dialeqtologiis Zvirfasi SenaZenia.

129

meore wigns amSvenebs TandarTuli zmnuri erTeule-bis sayrden fuZeTa saZiebeli, dargobrivi leqsikis nimu-Sebi (zemoimeruli keramika), zemoimereTis toponimebis, hidronimebis, oronimebis, anTroponimebis (saxelebis, metsaxelebis, gvarebis) siebi.

... axla erTadaa Tavmoyrili gansvenebuli moRvawis mecnieruli memkvidreoba da mkiTxvels saSualeba aqvs TvalnaTliv warmoidginos misi Rvawli.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1974, 23 agvisto

s e r g o T u r n a v a

franguli Jurnalis furclebze

gasul wels gamoica qeTevan ZoweniZis fundamenturi naSromi `zemoimeruli leqsikoni~... wignma mkiTxvelis yu-radReba miipyro, qarTul Jurnal-gazeTebSi daiwera mra-vali recenzia, romlebSic maRali Sefaseba misces naS-roms. am wigniT dainteresebula agreTve safrangeTis erovnuli samecniero-sakvlevi centris Jurnali `reviu de qarTveloloJi~, romelsac ama wlis bolo nomerSi mo-uTavsebia masalebi am wignze.

Jurnalis redaqcia iwonebs qarTveli mecnieris wigns da ucxoel mkiTxvelebs gadascems Sesavali statiis ZiriTad debulebebs: `qeTevan ZoweniZem, - wers Jurnali, - zemoimeruli kilokavi sofel-sofel Seiswavla. es leqsi-konic misi monografiis nawilia da muSavdeboda TiTqmis oci wlis ganmavlobaSi. avtors darCa is dasrulebuli xelnaweris saxiT (gardaicvala 1969 wels).

naSromi miznad isaxavs aRnusxos da daaxasiaTos ze-moimeruli kilokavis sityvobrivi maragi. igi srulia, mdidari da Taviseburi aRnagobac aqvs. qeTevan ZoweniZem gamoiyena leqsikonis Sedgenis axleburi principic. dia-leqturi masala (leqsikuri da frazeologiuri) SerCeu-

130

lia iSviaTi gemovnebiT. leqsikons axasiaTebs zusti gan-martebebi, saganTa da movlenaTa detaluri aRwera.

Jurnalis redaqcia qarTveli mecnieris naSroms mi-iCnevs mniSvnelovan movlenad da daaskvnis: `qeTevan Zowe-niZis mier mopovebuli ucnobi didZali zemoimeruli masa-la qarTuli saliteraturo enis leqsikur sarezervo fonds gaamdidrebs. igi saWiro da faseulia qarTvelur enaTa istoriuli SedarebiTi SeswavlisaTvis.

gaz. `soflis cxovreba~, 1975, 18 seqtemberi

SeniSvna: 1. Turnavas es statia dabeWda gazeTma `qu-Taismac~ (1975, 20 seqtemberi).

2. qeTevan ZoweniZis arqivSi mis wignebTan dakavSire-biT aRmoCnda agreTve erTi aseTi saintereso informaci-ac, romelic miwerili iyo qeTevanis xsovnisadmi miZRvni-li samecniero sesiis mosawvev baraTze (1991w.):

`venis aeroportSi Sevxvdi Tbilisis universitetis

kulturis istoriis kaTedris profesor guram lorTqi-faniZes, romelmac miambo, rom Turme erT-erT avstriel qarTvelologs venis erT-erT bukinistur maRaziaSi 3.000 Silingad (daaxl. 300 dolarad) uyidia qeTevan ZoweniZis wigni.

Cemi azriT, ukve es mkvlevris didi aRiarebaa!~

gia naxucriSvili

* * *

1974 wels gamovida Tsu-s Zveli qarTuli enis kaTed-ris Sromebis grifiT (t.XVI)

p a v l e n i

pavles epistoleTa qarTuli versiebi. gamosacemad moamzades qeTevan ZoweniZem da korneli

daneliam akaki SaniZis redaqciiT.

131

sicocxle grZeldeba

l i l i n u c u b i Z e

Sen cocxlob maSin

qeTevan ZoweniZes

iqneb am leqsSi kidec gavTavde, Seni wili mze CemSi atirdes, Tu ver Segbede sityva aqamde, albaT gamigeb da mapatieb.

Cems sulSi enTe sinaTlis svetad, ase mgonia dRes davrCi ufrTod, Sen me damakldi yvelaze metad da metkinebi TandaTan ufro.

iqneb saTqmeli axlac ver giTxra, civ samaresTan dumili mimZims, ramdenjer Cumad momnatrebixar, am gulis metma aravin icis

xma CaexliCaT seqtembris zarebs da sulSi zamTris qarebi hqrian, Sen albaT qveynad moxvedi adre, Zalian gvian moxvedi anda, swored amitom aravis hgavdi, swored amitom aravin ggavda.

iebis sunTqvas mogitan peSviT da gaurCevel zmnaze vinaRvleb, bedniereba Tu aris cremlSi da mogoneba — Tua simaRle, Sen cocxlob maSin...

1970, 27 dekemberi

132

i r o d i o n m a C a i Z e

batono buWa!

... qalbatoni qeTo iyo im aqtiur mecnierTa erT-erTi moTave, romlebic quTaisis saolqo komitetis arsebobis periodSi Seurigebel brZolas eweodnen yvela negatiuri movlenis winaaRmdeg. me im dros vxelmZRvanelobdi saol-qo komitetis umaRlesi da saSualo skolebis ganyofile-bas da qeTo, rogorc didi mecnieri, broliviT spetaki adamiani, pirdapiri, principuli, yovelTvis gverdSi gvedga samarTlianobisa da WeSmaritebisaTvis brZolis saqmeSi. igi uSualo monawile da mowme iyo yvelafrisa, rasac ganyofileba atarebda wesrigis damyarebisaTvis brZolaSi.

Cven im periodSi (1951-1953 wlebSi — J.f.) piradi cxov-reba ar gvqonia. dRedaRam mZime, magram saWiro brZolaSi viyaviT Cabmuli...

...saolqo komiteti gauqmda 1953 wlis ivlisSi. daiwyo ganawyenebuli xalxis cilismwamebluri korespondencie-bis beWdva gazeTebSi. madlobis nacvlad kritikul mdgo-mareobaSi aRmovCndi. samuSaosac ar maZlevdnen. ai swored am periods exeba qalbaton qeTevanis werili... (ix. zemoT, gv. 94-95 - J.f.).

giTxraT gulwrfelad, aRniSnulma werilma didi ze-gavlena moaxdina Cemze rogorc fsiqologiurad, ise mo-raluri TvalsazrisiT. axda qeTos winaswarmetyveleba — simarTlem gaimarjva. saq. ck-s (axalma Semadgenlobam) bi-urom ganixila Cemi sakiTxi gamamarTla da kvlav saq.ck-Si damawyebina muSaoba, sadac me didxans ar davrCenilvar — Cemive surviliT isev mecnierebas davubrundi... me davica-vi sakandidato, sadoqtoro disertaciebi da miviRe pro-fesoris wodebac. rogorc mogexsnebaT, amJamad vmuSaob Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino institutSi kaTedris gamged...

133

yovelive amas mogaxsenebT imisaTvis, rom warmodgena gqondeT im periodis... saqmianobis Sesaxeb, romelsac qal-batoni qeTo aRniSnul werilSi exeba.

raoden dasanania, rom dRes cocxali aRar aris es didi mecnieri, didi moqalaqe, romlisTvisac yovel rTul situa-ciaSi marTali sityva arasdros deficits ar warmoadgenda.

didis pativiscemiT irodion maCaiZe 3.III.1987

r u s u d a n z e q a l a S v i l i r a f i e l S a m e l a S v i l i

enaTmecnieris xsovnas eZRvneba

sintaqsis sakiTxebze dRemde mravali sayuradRebo naS-romi Seiqmna. magram zepiri metyvelebis sintaqsis proble-mebi TiTqmis xeluxlebeli darCa, Tumca igi adridanve ip-yrobda mkvlevarTa yuradRebas. amitom udavod misasalme-belia gamocema leila kvantalianis naSromisa `zepiri met-yvelebis sintaqsis sakiTxebi~ (redaqtori prof. g. rogava) (recenziaSi vrclad aris ganxiluli aRniSnuli wigni — J.f.).

... naSromSi axali sityvaa Tqmuli qarTuli zepiri metyvelebis sintaqsis ramdenime sakiTxze, magram es axali sityva Zalian mokrZalebuli formiTaa gamoTqmuli. ga-mokvleva emyareba sando wyaroebs, Seicavs friad saWiro rekomendaciebs, daskvnebi kargad aris Camoyalibebuli, magram Cvens urTierTobas am naSromTan zemoTqmuliT ar vamTavrebT. wigns wamZRvarebuli aqvs aseTi sityvebi: `eZ-Rvneba qeTevan ZoweniZis xsovnas~. ar SeiZleba aman ar Ca-afiqros mkiTxveli, radgan quTaisi da qeTevan ZoweniZe ganuyofelia. igi gaxldaT brwyinvale lingvisti, ak. Sani-Zis, g. axvledianis, arn. Ciqobavasa da v. Tofurias usay-varlesi studenti, enaTmecnierebaSi akademikos q. lomTa-TiZisa da profesor T. SaraZeniZis rangis mkvlevari .

134

swored aseTi wigni, am donis mecnieruli gamokvleva Seefereba qalbatoni qeTevanis naTel xsovnas da gul-wrfeli madloba ekuTvnis im adamians, vinc es kargi da sa-siamovnod sakiTxavi mecnieruli gamokvleva Seqmna.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 1990, 11 ivlisi

* * *

1991 wlis 20 dekembers quTaisis pedagogiur institut-Si qarTuli enis kaTedram Caatara qeTevan ZoweniZis xsovni-sadmi miZRvnili samecniero sesia.

samecniero sesia marTlac gulTbil viTarebaSi Catar-da: momxseneblebma warmoaCines misi mecnieruli memkvidreo-bis ZiriTadi Sedegebi, xolo axlobelTa da kolegebis mogo-nebebSi erTxel kidev gacocxlda es ganumeorebeli pirovne-ba oden misTvis damaxasiaTebeli RirsebebiT, znekeTilobiTa da gamorCeulobiT...

sesiaze wakiTxul moxsenebaTagan amjerad mkiTxvels vTavazobT oriode maTgans Semoklebuli saxiT.

135

m i x e i l a l a v i Z e

qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovreba da wvlili

qarTvelologiaSi

moxseneba sesiis wina dRes daibeWda gazeT `quTa-isSi~ (1991, 19.XII) saTauriT `xsovna sicocxlis gagrZe-lebaa~, romelSic ZiriTadad ganmeorebulia zemoT warmodgenili narkvevis masalebi. amjerad davimow-mebT ramdenime gansxvavebul nawyvets.

...qeTevan ZoweniZem cocxali metyvelebis amouwuravi saunjidan ucnobi margalitebi gamoavlina, aTasobiT sit-yva da forma aRmoaCina da gadaarCina dakargvas. qarTuli enis am erTgul maSvralsac mgznebare patrioti giorgi leoniZe didebiT Seamkobda: `Sen samkurnalo balaxebiviT mogikrefia sityva qarTuli~.

... qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovreba, misi pedagogiuri da sazogadoebrivi moRvaweoba da SemoqmedebiTi Sroma misa-baZi magaliTia Cveni axalgazrdobisTvis.

... wuTisofels estumra da aRar aris mamulisaTvis Tavdadebuli enaTmecnieri qali. man saqmiT da daucvelad moipova umaRlesi samecniero xarisxi da waruSleli kvali gaavlo qarTvelologiaSi.

J u J u n a f e i q r i S v i l i

qeTevan ZoweniZis enaTmecnieruli

naSromebi Zvel qarTulSi

... q. ZoweniZe gaxldaT Cinebuli mecnieri da WeSmari-ti aRmzrdeli. misi yoveli sityva, rogorc dauwereli ka-noni, usazRvro Zalasa da energias hmatebda students. TiTqos axlac Camesmis mis mier leqciebze araerTgzis warmoTqmuli winadadeba: `roca axalgazrda viyavi, cxov-reba vardisferi ganTiadi megona~. Cvenc, mis Segirdebs, is

136

wlebi marTlac gvegona vardisferi ganTiadi, ganTiadi, sadac sayvareli maswavleblis TanadgomiT ikveTeboda Cveni Wabukuri ocnebani da samomavlo gegmebi.

... qalbaton qeTevanTan Sexvedra yovelTvis maRel-vebda, magram es iyo Relva siyvarulisa, sixarulisa, misi siaxlovis natvrisa.

q. ZoweniZis yoveli leqciis Teoriuli debulebani gajerebuli iyo poeziis surneliT, xolo Tavad leqto-ris sityvebi - `Sezavebuli mariliTa madlisaÁTa~. da, rac mTavaria, RvTisagan momadlebuli niWierebis wyalobiT, advilad xelewifeboda qarTuli enis gramatikis urTule-si sakiTxebic ki misawvdomi gaexada studentebisaTvis. mi-si leqciebi avlenda leqtoris farTo erudicias, did ga-naTlebas, sagnis gansakuTrebul siyvarulsa da pativis-cemas. da maSin, arc ki vicodiT, Tu Cveni qeTo maswavlebe-li aseve Rrmad da safuZvlianad icnobda Zveli qarTuli enis gramatikis sakiTxebsac. ar vicodiT, rom misi pirve-li mecnieruli naSromebi swored Zvel qarTulSi daiwera.

axali aRTqmis xelnaweri teqstebiT q. ZoweniZis da-intereseba gansazRvra a. SaniZem. am faqts Tavad xelmZRva-neli 1974 wels ase igonebda: `jer kidev 40-ian wlebSi pav-les epistoleebis mecnieruli Seswavlis saqme mivande erT Cems mowafeTagans, jer Cems students, Semdeg Cemsave aspirants da mere ki quTaisis pedinstitutis qarTuli enis kaTedris gamges docent qeTevan ZoweniZes.~

swored am droidan daiwyo q. ZoweniZem Zveli qarTu-li xelnawerebis monografiuli Seswavla.

teqstebze dakvirvebam axalgazrda mkvlevari male daarwmuna, rom qarTul lingvistikaSi damkvidrebuli bevri enobrivi movlenis kvalifikacia moiTxovda xela-xal gadasinjvasa da dazustebas.

imxanad samecniero literaturaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom —gan Tandebuliani moqmedebiTi gamoxatavs moqmede-

137

bis sawyis punqts drosa da sivrceSi da miugebs kiTxvebze saidan? ra droidan?

Zveli qarTulis sailustracio magaliTebi ki sxvag-var Cvenebas ileoda. male q. ZoweniZem 1946 wels dabeWdi-li sayuradRebo gamokvleviT `gan Tandebuliani moqmede-biTi brunvis funqciisaTvis Zvel qarTulSi~ daasabuTa, rom gan Tandebuliani moqmedebiTis Tavdapirveli fun-qcia iyo moqmedebis sawyisis gamoxatva droSi; adgilis aR-niSvna mas SedarebiT gvian daekisra, es funqcia misTvis me-oreulia.

1947 wels daibeWda q. ZoweniZis axali gamokvleva `em-fatikuri xmovani Zvel qarTulSi~.

Zveli qarTulis normebis mixedviT, emfatikuri xmo-vani moudioda mxolod sazogado saxelebs sam brunvaSi (micemiTSi, naTesaobiTsa da moqmedebiTSi).

q. ZoweniZis winaSe bunebrivad daisva ori kiTxva: 1) daculia Tu ara Zveli qarTulis normebi a-s xmarebis TvalsazrisiT; 2) rodis ara aqvs sazogado saxelebs mice-miTSi, naTesaobiTsa da moqmedebiTSi emfatikuri dabolo-eba? am kiTxvebze gacemul iqna aseTi pasuxebi: 1) emfati-kuri a xelnawerebSi daculia yvelgan, sadac mas Zveli qarTulis normebi moiTxovs; 2) emfatikuri xmovani sazo-gado saxels ar daerTvis, roca is kompozitis an Sedgeni-li Semasmenlis saxeladi nawilia. es wesi sistemebraa ga-tarebuli.

q. ZoweniZem Zvel qarTulSi wlebis manZilze Catare-buli kvlevis Sedegebi Camoayaliba monografiaSi, rome-lic 1950 wels waradgina sadisertacio naSromad filo-logiis mecnierebaTa kandidatis xarisxis mosapoveblad Temaze: `saxelTa bruneba pavles epistoleebis Zveli re-daqciis xelnawerTa mixedviT~.

winasityvaobaSi avtori miuTiTebs, rom saanalizod gamoyenebulia pavles epistoleebis sami xelnaweri. arc erT maTgans ar axlavs anderZi, Sesabamisad, araa miniSne-

138

buli xelnaweris gadaweris adgili, dro, gadamwerisa da momgeblis vinaoba.

q. ZoweniZem, pirvel yovlisa, xelnawerTa sxvadasxva nusxis urTierTSejerebisa da am sakiTxze samecniero li-teraturaSi arsebul mosazrebaTa gaTvaliswinebiT epis-toleTa Sedgenis TariRad X saukune miiCnia.

`Temis damuSavebisas mTlianad vemyarebodiT sam xelnawers, - wers disertanti. — saxelTa brunebisas jer ganvixilavdiT Zveli qarTlis moqmed normebs, Semdeg, Tu iyo, am normidan gadaxvevebs, rogorc Cveni xelnawerebis TaviseburebaTa ganmsazRvrelebs.~

marTlac, am principiTaa dawerili mTeli naSromi, masSi gamovlenilia mravali axali enobrivi faqti, metad mniSvnelovani dakvirvebani qarTuli saliteraturo enis istoriis TvalsazrisiT.

sadisertacio naSroms maRali Sefaseba misces ofi-cialurma oponentebma ilia abulaZem da varlam Tofuri-am. disertaciaSi warmoCenili ZiriTadi daskvnebi axali sityva iyo qarTul enaTmecnierebaSi.

q. ZoweniZem garda Zveli qarTulis Teoriuli sakiT-xebis kvlevisa, Sromatevadi samuSao Seasrula epistole-Ta teqstis dadgenisa da gamocemisaTvis, magram, samwuxa-rod, fizikurad veRar SeZlo saqmis bolomde miyvana. Zeg-lis gamocema daasrula misma yofilma studentma, amJamad profesorma k. daneliam da 1974 wels dastamba wignad `pav-les epistoleTa qarTuli versiebis~ saxelwodebiT.

marTalia, disertaciis dacvis Semdeg q. ZoweniZis Se-moqmedebiTs saqmianobaSi ZiriTadi adgili daikava axali qarTulisa da dialeqtebis mecnierulma kvlevam, magram Zvel qarTulSi misi naRvawi — sando da utyuari daskvnebi — yovelTvis iqneba enaTmecnierTaTvis yuradsaRebi da an-gariSgasawevi.

gadmobeWdilia wignidan _ J. feiqriSvili, qarTuli enis moamageni, Tb., 2006.

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l e i l a T e T r u a S v i l i

qeTevan ZoweniZe —

pirovneba da individualoba

mcire SemoklebiT daibeWda gazeT `lite-raturul saqarTveloSi~ (1997, 2-9 maisi).

qeTevan ZoweniZe 53 wlisac ar iyo, roca gardaicvala. maSin quTaisSi uebro Semodgoma enTo... uecrad qalaqi dai-Zaba: didi qalbatoni gardaicvala, qalaqs daaklda mkveTri individualobiT gamorCeuli, cnobili enaTmecnieri, sayva-reli maswavlebeli da WeSmariti moqalaqe.. mis Sesaxeb mudam dadioda legendebi, igi yvelas ainteresebda, misi imedi bevrs hqonda. sicocxlis bolo dReebi legendebiT moifina, radgan quTaisi ase ubralod da `yofiTad~ ver Seeleoda masSi gacxadebul Tavis sulierebas.

qeTevan samsonis asuli ZoweniZe quTaisSi daibada 1916 wlis 23 dekembers, ojaxSi, sadac damkvidrebuli iyo Sromi-sa da wignis siyvaruli, urTierTpativiscema. aq daasrula skolac da umaRlesi saswavlebelic — quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis qarTuli enisa da literaturis fakulteti. im-xanad quTaisSi cnobili mecnierebi kiTxulobdnen leqci-ebs, Salva nucubiZe da vaxtang kotetiSvili, giorgi axvle-diani da akaki SaniZe, mose gogiberiZe, angia boWoriSvili, arnold Ciqobava da varlam Tofuria, korneli kekeliZe, mi-xeil zandukeli, sxvebic. yovel maTgans undoda daemowafe-bina es uzado sulierebiT aRbeWdili qaliSvili.

q-ni qeTevanisagan msmenia, da aramarto misgan, rom misi maswavleblebi isurvebdnen, literaturis mkvlevari gamo-suliyo igi. ar undodaT, misi boboqari suli gramatikis salteebs SeezRuda da Tu mainc ise moxda, rom q-ni qeTevani enaTmecnieri gaxda, aq misma didma maswavleblebma iaqtiu-res. profesor varlam Tofurias mzrunvelobiT gamovlin-da qeTevan ZoweniZe, rogorc gamorCeuli studenti da moma-vali enaTmecnieri. akademikos akaki SaniZesTan erTad swo-

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red varlam Tofuria brZandeboda q-ni qeTevanis aspirantu-ris xelmZRvaneli. aspirantura Tbilisis saxelmwifo uni-versitetSi gaiara, Semdeg ki ganuwyvetliv muSaobda quTai-sis saxelmwifo pedagogiur institutSi jer kaTedris uf-ros maswavleblad, Semdeg — docentad, 1958 wlidan — qarTu-li enis kaTedris gamged.

qeTevan ZoweniZe imTaviTve sayovelTao siyvaruliT iyo garemoculi. skolaSi — warCinebuli, bunebiT poeti, we-ris sagangebo unariT gamorCeuli me-7 klaselma gogonam Ta-vis TxzulebiT aRafrTovana maswavlebeli — cnobili mwera-li dia Cianeli, romelmac vrceli minaweri gaukeTa saocari bavSvis Txzulebas: `gahyevi am gzas da igi dagajildoebs ise, rogorc arc erTi qarTveli qali ar daujildoebia~.

qeTevani _ niWieri da Sromismoyvare — ra Tqma unda, Cveulebrivi naTqvamia, mis individualobaze iseTs araferi ambobs, is, rac qeTevans sxvaTagan gamohyofda, iyo Tavisi saqmianobis xelovnebad, poeziad mowodebis unari, Tanac ise, rom masSi igrZnoboda Tavisi saqmis ostati, Rrmad aka-demiuri da iseTi sada (sworedac sada, da ara martivi, arc ubralo), rom Tavad es klasikuri sisadave RaRadebda mis in-dividualobaze. rac Seexeba mis garegnul ubraloebas, igi mxolod unari iyo sinamdvilesTan Seguebisa. dasavleT ev-ropaSi, ager ukve ori saukunea, Camoyalibda profesiona-lizmis aseTi mentaliteti: yovelgvar cxovrebas, yovel saqmianobas win xeloba unda uswrebdes, romelsac kaci mxo-lod garkveuli specializaciis meSveobiT SeiTvisebs. sru-li codnis, sruli ostatobis daufleba erT romelime sa-ganSi gacilebiT metad anaTlebs kacs, vidre asi sxvadasxva sagnis sanaxevrod SeTviseba. q-ni qeTevanis mentalitetic aseTi iyo da studentebsac amasve gvinergavda, amgvarad gvwvrTnida, ufro siRrmeebs gvaCvevda, vinem sifarToves da misi gvjeroda, radgan savse iyo qarTuli patiosnebiTa da Sinagani ganaTlebulobiT, romelsac gamsWvalavda grZno-biT gamTbari goneba da gonebiT ganaTebuli grZnoba.

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`qeTo, Cveno patara megobaro!~ - weren jerac gogonas prof. giorgi abzianiZe da misi meuRle q-ni ana, - verc ki war-moidgen, rogor gagvaxare Seni baraTiT, romlis yovel striqonSi Sens uzado gancdebs vkiTxulobT. Cven xSirad vi-gonebT Sens STagonebul Tvalebs, Sens aRtacebul saubars, SenSi Cven vkiTxulobT sakuTari yrmobis furclebs da gvi-xaria, rom Seni saxiT Cvens mSobliur qalaqSi — quTaisSi ase-Ti uSualo da Rrma gancdis adamiani gveguleba. exla gves-mis, ratom uyvarda poets patara qeTo. xSirad gnatrobT, SenSi vxedavT mindvris yvavilis sisadaves da mSvenierebas.~

q-ni qeTevani studentobiTve iqca Tayvaniscemisa da mokrZalebis sagnad: `qeTo, daiko, magondebi. gamgzavrebis win werili mogwere, Svidi Tve gavida mas Semdeg, Sengan ara-feri vici, - wers erT baraTSi poeti severian isiani Tanakur-sel qaliSvils frontidan. `qeTo, guSin gadmomces Seni we-rili, - vkiTxulobT isianis meore baraTSi, - vigrZeni gaoce-ba da sixaruli. Cems cxovrebas bevri ar axsovs aseTi sixa-rulis dRe, mogonebani dResac ar mSordebian Cemi cxovre-bis oqros dReebze, - mSobliuri instituti, megobrebi, alublis baRi. guSin gadmomces Seni werili da dResac ram-denjerme gadavikiTxe igi. isev is xelnaweri, asoebi saTuTad mijrili, Taviseburi da sayvareli, rogorc Seni buneba~.

1950 wels qeTevanma warmatebiT daicva sakandidato di-sertacia Temaze: `saxelTa bruneba Zvel qarTulSi pavles epistoleTa mixedviT~. man dawvrilebiT Seiswavla am Zeglis xelnawerebi da gamoarkvia maTi redaqciuli saxe. - `diser-tacia Cinebuli gamovida~, - werda profesori akaki SaniZe. `disertantma gamoavlina unari uzado analizisa, SedegTa ganzogadebisa da misabaZi werisa~, - aRniSnavda prof. var-lam Tofuria. me adrec, q-ni qeTos sicocxleSic da axlac, mqonda SesaZlebloba gadamekiTxa misi mimowera sayvarel maswavleblebTan, ufros kolegebTan. ar vici, visi siyvaru-li ufro sWarbobs am baraTebSi - qeTevanisa maT mimarT, Tu imaTi qeTevanisadmi, misi ojaxisadmi. aq xSirad gaismis: Zvir-

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faso, sayvarelo qalbatono, Cveno siamayev, Cveno umcroso daiko. sagangebo iyo qeTevan ZoweniZis damokidebuleba Ta-vis maswavleblebTan, maT ojaxebTan. qeTevani iyo maTi sa-surveli adresati, enaTmecnierebis rTul sakiTxebze msje-lobisas — Rirseuli oponenti an Tanamoazre, individualo-ba, romelsac endobodnen da visic sjerodaT.

`didad pativcemulo qeTevan!~ _ wers q-n qeTevans prof. arn. Ciqobava, - universitetSi 1962 wlis dekembers da-arsda vaJa-fSavelas kabineti prof. grigol kiknaZis inicia-tiviT. man gadawyvita, vaJas TxzulebaTa sruli simfonia-in-deqsi daamuSaos studentebis daxmarebiT. mas sasurvelad miaCnia, quTaisis pedinstitutis studentobam — qarTuli enis kaTedris xelmZRvanelobiT — miiRos monawileoba am sa-muSaos SesrulebaSi. davpirdi, werils Tqven mogwerdiT da ai, gwerT. arn. Ciqobava didis mimndoblobiT ekideba Tavis Rirseul mowafes erovnuli mecnierebis sakiTxebTan dakav-SirebiT da es urTierToba uaRresad saTuT megobrobaSic aris gadazrdili. `qeTevans, Cvens sayvarel umcros das, gu-liTadi milocva da saukeTeso survilebi Tamar da arnold CiqobavaTagan~, - vkiTxulobT erT baraTSi. akad. angia boWo-riSvili wers q-n qeTevans: `Zvirfaso, sayvarelo qeTevan! _ macnes morigi tomi SoTas TariRs eZRvneba, redaqcias aqvs survili, Tqveni werili dabeWdos am nomerSi. uars nu gvet-yviT. werilis moculobas Cven ganvsazRvravT, magram es Tqvenze ar gavrceldeba. Tqveni angia boWoriSvili.~

qeTevanisadmi siyvaruliTa da mimndoblobiT aris aR-beWdili qarTuli sazogadoebis saukeTeso warmomadgenle-bis — prof. mzeqala SaniZisa da giorgi rogavas, korneli da-neliasa da anton kizirias, mwerlebis, poetebis, sazogado moRvaweTa baraTebi.

q-n qeTevanTan dakavSirebiT sul maxsendeba — da al-baT, es profesiuli intonaciac mometeveba — goeTes naTqva-mi `vilhelm maisterSi~ pirovnebisa da individualobis Sesa-xeb. individualoba isea mimarTuli pirovnebisadmi, rogorc

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arsi movlenisadmi. pirovneba kiTxulobs: ra gaqvs Sen? — wo-deba, rangi, samoseli, ekipaJi, qoneba? individualoba kiT-xulobs: ra xar Sen? ra gamoZravebs da ras amoZraveb? rogor Seicav momavals Sens TavSi? xolo aqedan daskvna: - rac ada-mians aqvs, man igi SeiZleba dakargos, magram is, rac Tavad aris, uryevad rCeba.

qeTevan ZoweniZeze sagangebod aRniSnavdnen: `ekipaJi~ aqvso. asec iyo: misi ojaxis warmomadgenlebi diaxac idgnen maRali ierarqiuli kibis saTaveSi, Tundac cnobili mecnie-ri akademikosi giorgi ZoweniZe, romelic imxanad saqarTve-los umaRlesi sabWos Tavmjdomarec brZandeboda, oRond ise idgnen, rom pirvel rigSi individualobebad rCebodnen TavianTi warudinebeli RirebulebiT. qeTevanisTvisac is iyo mTavari, rasac warmoadgenda: didad niWieri, sasikeTo saqmisTvis Tavdadebuli, uSurveli da gulgaxsnili — aq man zomiereba ar icoda.

im dros, roca samarTlianoba fsevdod aRiqmeboda da TamaSad, da cinizmi yvelgan fexmorTxmiT batonobda, xolo ukanonoba kanonierad dadioda yvela instanciaSi, qeTevani marTla ibrZoda samarTlisaTvis, kanonierebisaTvis da, Tqven warmoidgineT, maRali idealebisTvisac. Tavad bunebiT gauxleCavs, romlis saqme da sityva arasodes gayofila, yve-las mimarT hqonda pretenzia: adamiani mTliani unda iyos!

cxadia, Zneli iyo ase cxovreba, magram arasodes wuwu-nebda, oRond ityoda xolme misTvis damaxasiaTebeli into-naciiT: `xandaxan donkixotur mdgomareobaSi vvardebio~. qaris wisqvilebTan brZolis tolfasi iyo is, rom q-ni qeTe-vani mxars uWerda gamorCeul azrovnebas, niWier students, xmamaRla ambobda amis Sesaxeb da gverdiT edga mas. igi swo-red Tavisi xasiaTiT iyo gamorCeuli. misebr Wkviani da ga-naTlebuli iqneb sxvebic iyvnen, magram aravis hqonda misnai-ri xasiaTi. igi TiTqos uSoresi klasikuri samyarodan modi-oda, mTliani, gauyofadi, Rrmad adamianuri, romlisTvisac ucxo iyo `gamoucnob wylulebiT daserili~ Cveni saukune

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da misi Tanmxlebi darbeuli suli. am poziciidan iyo igi `araTanamedrove~. gana amgvarad kidev sweren baraTebs Cveni sulierebis moRvaweni: `sulze utkbeso, mSobliuro, Zvirfa-so batono varlam! _ vkiTxulobT varlam Tofuriasadmi ba-raTSi. — Tu qveynad samarTalia, Tqven unda iyoT kargad. ki-dev gqoniaT Seteva. — nu dakargavT sulis Rones, me ki ara, mTel ers uyvarxarT. gkocniT, Tqveni kargad yofnisaTvis Cemi sicocxlec ar menaneba~.

q-ni qeTevanis arseba Zalze hgavda lado asaTianis poe-tur samyaros, Tavadac gamorCeulad uyvarda lados poezia. Semodioda mSvenieri qalbatoni leqciaze da mohqonda uzarmazari poeturi muxtiT Sekruli sakuTari suliereba. Semodioda Zalian lamazad, aRelvebuli da simpaTiuri, ro-melsac TiTqos gulSi ar eteoda amdeni siTbo da sikeTe da swrafad undoda eCuqebina igi CvenTvis. aseTi saCuqrebiT vi-yaviT savse misi studentebi leqciaze, masTan saxlSi, yove-li Sexvedrisas. q-ni qeTevani im umciresTa Soris iyo, visTan Sexvedrac sixaruls gvaniWebda. qeTevan ZoweniZe kiTxulob-da zogadi enaTmecnierebisa da qarTuli enis gramatikis kurss da ise ki xdeboda, rom literaturis arc erTi leqcia ar iwvevda sulierebis, diax, poeziis iseT dResaswauls, ro-gorsac misi leqciebi. mas mohqonda CvenTan gramatikuli ka-nonebisaTvis moxmobili didTa poetTa Sedevrebi, magram es ki ar iyo mTavari, aramed is, rom gramatikasac da poeziasac q-ni qeTevani sakuTari sulis gamonaSuqiT avsebda da amgva-rad qmnida igi leqciebze dResaswaulis ganwyobilebas.

`xelovnebis Sedevri msgavsi suliT unda ganiWvrito-so~, - wers goeTe; qeTevani iyo amgvari `msgavsi suli~. ro-gorc poeziis ucxo ram SedevrSi sibrZneca da misi siyvaru-lic anu filosofia aris, magram ise, rom mas xatovanebis grZneuleba hfaravs, arc qeTevanSi iyo wina planze logika da azrovneba, anu iyo orive maTgani, oRond mas poezia hfa-ravda... me yovelTvis maocebda qarTuli inversiuli zmna, romelSic subieqtisa da obieqtis niSani magiurad enacvleba

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erTimeores. inversia ganzogadoebul masStabebs iZenda Cems cnobierebaSi. q-n qeTevanTan dakavSirebiT ki aq is meTqmis, rom Znelad aRsaqmeli gaxldaT, romeli iyo mTavari moqme-di `piri~ leqciaze — poezia Tu misi ganumeorebeli speq-triT warmomCeni qalbatoni; Torem isic xom xdeba, rom poe-turi Sedevri macocxlebeli sisxlisagan dawretila da ane-miuri gamxdara araSesabamisi pirovnebis xelSi. albaT esec igulisxmeba poetis naTqvamSi: `gan erTnairad SeigrZno Cem-ma gulman da sxvisaman!~

q-ni qeTevanis xelismaZiebelTa Soris imas gaumarTla, visac wlebis manZilze didi siyvaruliT uyvarda gamorCeu-li qalbatoni, - sulieri aristokratizmiT aRbeWdilsa da genetikuradac mxeiZeTa cnobil didgvarovanTa STamoma-vals, b-n daviT mxeiZes. q-ni qeTevani gaTxovda. `sayvarelo, Zvirfaso qeTo! _ miswera akademikosma akaki SaniZem qeTe-vans, _ didad gamaxara Tqveni gaTxovebis ambavma. mogilo-cavT axal cxovrebas da gisurvebT bednierebas~.

qeTevan ZoweniZem gamoikvlia daviT guramiSvilis, ilia WavWavaZis, akaki wereTlis, vaJa-fSavelas, daviT kldiaSvi-lis enobrivi Taviseburebani, dawera ortomeuli zemoime-ruli kilokavis Sesaxeb, romelic sadoqtoro disertaciad iyo Cafiqrebuli da misi gardacvalebis Semdeg gamoqveynda. `man cocxali metyvelebis amouwuravi saunjidan ucnobi margalitebi gamoavlina. aTasobiT sityva da forma aRmoaCi-na da gadaarCina dakargvas~, - wers monografiis SesavalSi prof. mix. alaviZe.

q-ni qeTevani ikvlevda kompozitTa warmoebas levan goTuas `gmirTa varamis~ mixedviT. mwerlisadmi baraTSi Cans, rom q-ni qeTevanis SeniSvnebi, rasac misgan daJinebiT moiTxovda levan goTua, saqmiania da keTilmosurne: `Tqven gaqvT qarTuli enis bunebis SegrZnebis iseTi gansacvifrebe-li alRo, - wers qeTevani mwerals, - rom sawyenia is SeniSvne-bi, romelic oficialurma kritikam Tqveni wignis Sesaxeb aR-niSna~. amitomac iyo, rom mweralma miswera qeTevans kacad-

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kacuri werili, romelSic kidev erTxel daido zRvari Se-moqmedebasa da mecnierebas Soris: `...neta yvela Tqvennairi mkiTxveli myavdes, maSin albaT mec ukeTesad davwerdi. me vcdilob yoveli Cemi siaxle qarTuli enis bunebidan gamo-viyvano, magram stiqiurad, individualurad da ara zusti mecnieruli kvleviT. amitom aklia saWiro sizuste da siste-maturoba. magram es Tqveni — enaTmecnierTa saWirisufloa. amas imitom ki ar gwerT, rom Tqven medavebiT, aramed imitom, rom sxvebi miyiJineben.~

qeTevan ZoweniZes ganuzomlad meti SeeZlo gaekeTebina enaTmecnierebaSi, magram misi daudevari, poeturi aRtkine-biT aRbeWdili buneba Znelad egueboda martooden mecnie-rebis salteebs; igi iyo miusafarTa, SeWirvebulTa patroni da moamage, mouclelic amitom iyo. albaT, es hqonda mxedve-lobaSi akad. angia boWoriSvils, roca gamosaTxovar sityva-Si, daaxasiaTa ra q-ni qeTevanis mecnieruli da sazogadoeb-rivi Rvawli, dasZina: qeTevan ZoweniZes, rogorc mecniers, sxva Secvlis; misi, rogorc pedagogis adgils sxva daikavebs, magram misi, rogorc adamianisa da individualobis adgili didxans, Zalian didxans darCebao Tavisufali.

qeTevan ZoweniZem mraval axalgazrdas gaukvala gza, gadaarCina! meamayeba, rom Cemi samecniero saqmianobis dasaw-yisi mis SeubRalav saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli, mis did avto-ritetTan: misi sarekomendacio baraTiT mivedi Tbilisis sa-xelmwifo universitetis germanuli filologiis kaTedra-ze, mas, msgavsad dasavleT evropis civilizebuli qveynebis gamorCeuli adamianebisa, hqonda mecenatobis, wardginebis niWi, sxva mraval niWTa Soris, Tanac ise, rom SeeZlo mar-cxmosurneTagan ganeridebina da amgvarad darbevisagan ex-sna niWieri axalgazrdis suli.

q-n qeTevanTan Cemi Sexvedra maSinve `Sedga~, rogorc ki leqciaze Semovida da Txzulebis dawera gvTxova _ Tqveni azrovnebis manera mainteresebso. imxanad bevrs vkiTxulob-di dasavleT evropis literaturis prozaul Sedevrebs, uf-

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ro ki — franguls, imisda miuxedavad, rom germanuli filo-logiis fakultetze vswavlobdi. siyvaruliT ki qarTuli poezia da novela miyvarda, gamorCeulad — konstantine gam-saxurdias `zarebis grigalSi~. es mnaTe oqropir — nebayof-lobiT mgloviare, eqstazSi danTqmuli — uamrav fantasma-goriebs, reminiscenciebs aRZravda CemSi. axla ar magondeba, ratom da rogor vukavSirebdi erTimeores hiugos giun-plensa da mnaTe oqropirs, oRond is ki kargad maxsovs, rom yvela Cemi fantoma am gmirebTan dakavSirebiT davwere da q-n qeTevans gadaveci sruli mimndoblobiT, es maSin, roca Za-lian miWirda sakuTari swrafvebis, gancdebis vinmesTvis ndoba. momdevno leqciaze q-ma qeTevanma saxeliTa da gvariT gamomiZaxa, Zalian vRelavdi, meSinoda, rame ar waekiTxa Cemi Txzulebidan auditoriaSi Cemi TandaswrebiT. TiTqos mi-mixvda, gamicina da imiT dakmayofilda, rom gamorCeulad dadebiTi damokidebuleba gamoxata Cemi Txzulebis mimarT. mere gavige — aRtacebuli ukiTxavda Turme Tavis kolegebs, literatorebsac da sxvebsac. aqedan daiwyo: Cems cxovreba-sa Tu literaturul saqmianobaSi ar yofila arc erTi mo-menti, misTvis rom ar gameziarebina. Cveni saubrebi grZel-deboda saaTobiT. mere, roca asparezad klasikuri germanu-li literatura avirCie da sakvalifikacio naSromad — goe-Tes filosofiuri lirika, - qeTevanma amis Sesaxeb yvelafe-ri icoda. sworedac mis gumans vendobodi, Sinagan ganaTle-bulobas da amgvarad, CemTvis saintereso problematikis Tanamoziarec brZandeboda...

imxanad ucxouri literaturisaTvis, wignebisTvis xSi-rad mixdeboda moskovisa da peterburgis biblioTekebSi si-aruli, ukve TbilisSi vcxovrobdi da, Tu quTaisSi Casvla mixaroda — imitomac, rom iq, mSobliuri saxlis garda, q-ni qeTevanic iyo (arsebobda). `bedis nebieris~ ocneba metisme-tad dinamiuria, igi yvelas Taviseburad esmis, iseve, ro-gorc bedniereba. me ki `bedis nebieri~ imiTac gaxldiT, rom qeTevan ZoweniZe iyo Cemi maswavlebeli.

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m e r i g o S x e T e l i a n i

qeTevan ZoweniZe —

dauviwyari aRmzrdeli

wakiTxulia quTaisis saxelmwifo univer-sitetSi 2000 wlis 26 aprils qarTuli enis kaTedris gardacvlil wevrTa xsov-nisadmi miZRvnil saRamoze.

...me bednierad vracx Tavs, rom gaxldiT qeTevan Zo-weniZis studenti da TanamSromeli wlebis ganmavlobaSi.

Cems studentur cxovrebaSi qeTevani pirvelad Semo-vida Tavisi poeturi bunebis, farTo ganaTlebisa da gasa-ocari mexsierebis wyalobiT. rogorc leqciis saukeTeso wamkiTxveli, sajaro gamosvlebis sityvis didostati, Ci-nebuli mecnieri da WeSmariti aRmzrdeli, gamorCeuli saqmisadmi usazRvro erTgulebiTa da principulobiT, axalgazrdobis siyvaruliTa da metismeti keTilSobile-biT, momxibvleli qaluri kdemamosilebiTa da sxivosani gamoxedviT.

qeTevan ZoweniZe, rogorc ilia ityoda, Cven win ga-daSlili wignia. Cven ver SevZeliT am wignis bolomde wa-kiTxva, radgan naadrevad wavida Cvengan.

qeTevan ZoweniZe yvelas andamativiT izidavda da aT-bobda. mas hqonda iseTi adamianuri xibli, romlis arc swavla SeiZleba, arc mibaZva, arc SeZena, Tu es gangebam Ta-vad ar giboZa, ar dagasaCuqra. ai, am TviTnabad simdidres flobda gamorCeuli qalbatoni. masTan Sexvedra, saubari tolfasi iyo im kmayofilebisa, rasac moganiWebs kargi wignis wakiTxva an kargi kinofilmis naxva.

1969 wlis 4 seqtembers quTaisis pedagogiur insti-tutSi swavla ukve dawyebuli iyo, magram Cvens sayvarel qeTos auditoriis kari aRar SeuRia. amboben, imierSi ga-dasaxlebul kacs cremliT woniano. gana vinmes SeeZlo ae-

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wona is cremlebi, romlebic qeTevan ZoweniZis gardacva-lebis gamo daiRvara? igi yvelam, yvelam guliT daitira.

im mravalricxovan gvirgvinTa Soris, romlebic qe-Tevans ukanasknel gzaze miacilebda, erT-erTs (studen-tebisagan morTmeuls) aseTi warwera hqonda: `im lamaz warsuls, me rom miyvarda, veRarasodes davubrundebi~.

diax, im lamaz warsuls, romelsac qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovreba da moRvaweoba hqvia, daviwyebis ferfli ver da-faravs, radgan `mkvdrad igi Tqmula, visac aq saxeli ar darCenia~.

gaz. `quTaisi~, 2000, 11 maisi

m a r i n e q a c a r a v a

iSviaTi gansaxeba

srulRirsebiani pedagogisa

qeTevan ZoweniZe iSviaTi gansaxeba, ideali iyo srul-Rirsebiani pedagogisa, iseTi aRmzrdeli winamZRvrisa, romlis mTeli arseba urTulesi da ufaqizesi misiiT sun-Tqavda — raTa wminda sanTeli yofiliyo axalgazrdebi-saTvis, erisa da qveynis momavlisaTvis.

me mqonda bedniereba, momesmina misi leqciebi, mwyob-ri, Tanmimdevruli, naTeli, ilustrirebuli gemovnebiT SerCeuli magaliTebiT.

mas Rrmad swamda, rom enaSi rogorc prizmaSi garda-texilia misi Semqmneli eris xasiaTi, fsiqologia da isto-riuli warsuli. eris genia uwinares yovlisa enaSi vlinde-ba. albaT, amitomac iyo, rom didi Sroma da siyvaruli mi-uZRvna qarTveli xalxis yvelaze Zvirfasi saunjis qarTu-li enis Seswavlis saqmes.

30 weli dauRalavad emsaxura qarTuli enis struq-turis, dialeqtologiis, Zveli qarTuli enis kvleva-Zie-bas. aseve warmatebiT swavlobda igi mwerlis enas.

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gansakuTrebuli damokidebuleba mwerlis enisadmi, Cveni azriT, ganapiroba im didma megobrobamac, romelic mas jer severian isianTan, Semdeg ki cnobil qarTvel mwe-ralTan, baton levan goTuasTan akavSirebda.

severian isiani qalbatoni qeTevanis werilebs poezi-as uwodebda, xolo gamoCenili mwerali levan goTua xSi-rad ekiTxeboda rCevas, Semdeg ki madlierebiT aRsavse werda: `Tqven pirdapir filologiuri kvleva gagiweviaT Cems gmirTa varamze, Tqveni SeniSvnebi misaRebad mimaCnia~.

gramatikuli wesebi da leqsikoni afiqsebisa da sit-yvebisa uqm grovad gardaiqceoda, SemoqmedebiTad gamom-yenebeli rom ar hyavdes enas. swored mweralia is Semoqme-di, romelic amkvidrebs erovnul enas da am safanelze qmnis Tavisebur enobriv samyaros, romlis rkveva rTuli da saSuri saqmea.

qalbaton qeTevans gamoqveynebuli aqvs `akaki wereT-lis ena~, `daviT kldiaSvilis personaJTa metyveleba~, `qarTl-kaxuri fonetikur-gramatikuli Taviseburebani ilia WavWavaZis enaSi~, `daviT guramiSvilis ena~, `arqaiz-mebi ilia WavWavaZis mxatvrul nawarmoebTa enaSi~.

gamouqveynebeli darCa `vaJa-fSavela da saliteratu-ro enis sakiTxebi~, `ilia WavWavaZis publicistikis ena~.

saenaTmecniero literaturaSi xazgasmiT aris aRniS-nuli, rom mxatvruli teqstis enobriv ganxilvas arc Tu didi xania mieqca saTanado yuradReba. rogorc Cans, Cveni maswavlebeli erTi pirvelTagani iyo, vinc mweralTa enis Seswavla enaTmecnierebis Tanamedrove donis mixedviT da-iwyo. marTlac, ilia WavWavaZis prozis ena gramatikuli wyobis TvalsazrisiT man 1952 wels waikiTxa moxsenebad, aseve 1953 wels daibeWda moxseneba Temaze `akaki wereTlis ena~, xolo 1955 wels `daviT guramiSvilis ena~.

mxatvruli teqstis enobrivi faqtebi ramdenime TvalsazrisiT SeiZleba iqnes ganxiluli: ras aZlevs mwe-rali enas da ras aZlevs ena mwerals.

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qeTevan ZoweniZem swored am kuTxiT ganixila Cveni korifeebis enobrivi Taviseburebani.

axali saliteraturo enis erT-erT qurumTagans mi-uZRvna mkvlevarma naSromi `akaki wereTlis ena~. rasakvir-velia, Semdgom wlebSi bevri ram daiwera am sakiTxze, mag-ram qalbatoni qeTevani erT-erTi pirvelTagani iyo, ro-melmac akakis enis ganxilviT gviCvena, rom enaSi daunje-bul yvela SesaZleblobas WeSmariti Semoqmedi aamoZra-vebs, suls STaberavs da xatovani azrovnebis gamomxatve-lad aqcevs. am naSromSi specialuri msjelobis sagnad aris gamxdari TviTon didi mgosnis Sexedulebani enis Se-saxeb; gaanalizebulia mwerlis fonetikur-gramatikuli da leqsikuri mxare.

fonetikuri gamokvleva uZRvna mkvlevarma daviT kldiaSvilis personaJTa metyvelebas. es naSromi aris ma-galiTi imisa, rom mwerlis ena Sefasebulia ara normatiu-li, standartizebuli enis TvalsazrisiT, aramed mxat-vruli teqstis ganxilvisas gaTvaliswinebulia misi mimar-Teba enis istoriasa da Tanamedrove viTarebasTan. igi am naSromSi marTebulad miuTiTebs, rom dialeqtizmebi iZenen mxatvrul Rirebulebas. Tavisi personaJebis met-yvelebis koloritisTvis d. kldiaSvili mimarTavs imeru-li warmoSobis dialeqtizmebs. aseTi Sefaseba dasturia imisa, rom mkvlevarma Tavidanve sworad gansazRvra, rom mwerals SeuZlia Sesabamisi ganwyobis koloritis Seqmnis mizniT Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr gamoiyenos enis SesaZ-leblobani.

aseve sayuradReboa naSromi `qarTl-kaxuri foneti-kur-gramatikuli Taviseburebani ilia WavWavaZis mxat-vrul nawarmoebebSi.~ am SromebiT mkvlevarma erTxel ki-dev daadastura, rom didi mwerali gonivrulad iyenebda, erTi mxriv, qarTuli klasikuri literaturis monapo-varT, xolo meore mxriv, xalxur metyvelebaSi igi xedavda im nedl fesvs, romelTac unda daemynos samwerlobo ena.

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calke aRniSvnis Rirsia naSromi `daviT guramiSvilis ena~. mkvlevari specialuri msjelobis sagnad aqcevs ara marto qarTuli literaturis friad kolorituli figu-ris nawarmoebTa enobriv Taviseburebas, aramed, rac Zali-an sagulisxmoa, avlens saintereso paralels al. WavWava-Zis enasTan.

sicocxlis bolo wlebi mTlianad miuZRvna `zemoime-ruli kilokavis Seswavlas~. magram, samwuxarod, verc am narkvevis gamocemas daeswro da verc sadoqtoro diserta-cia daicva. moulodnelad 53 wlis asakSi gardaicvala, Tan waiRo mosiyvarule guli, ganuxorcielebeli ocnebebi.

qarTul saenaTmecniero literaturaSi mwerlis enis Seswavlisadmi ara erTi naSromi gvaqvs. maT Soris q. Zowe-niZis Sromebi sapatio adgils iWers. mis yvela naSroms et-yoba ara marto dakvirvebuli lingvistis xeli, aramed Se-saniSnavi literatoris alRo. Cveni sasaxelo maswavlebe-li Tavis naSromebSi xazs usvams im faqts, rom TiToeuli mxatvruli literaturuli nawarmoebi TavisTavad mTel samyarod gvevlineba. mkvlevarma unda gansazRvros ra da ratom aqvs gamoyenebuli mwerals, ramdenad aRwevs Tavis mizans, ras sZens igi xatovan azrovnebas. am principebiT xelmZRvanelobda qeTevan ZoweniZe, rac daadastura ki-dec Tavisi naSromebiT. qeTevan ZoweniZe iyo saTno, obieq-turi, principuli araCveulebrivi sikeTis SuqiT ubrwyi-navda mimzidveli Tvalebi, romlebic gansakuTrebiT ain-Teboda niWierebasTan Sexvedris dros.

dro swrafad gadis. ukve 30 weli gavida, rac Cveni maswavlebeli dagvSorda, magram misi mogoneba ar iCrdi-leba mis mowafeTa xsovnaSi da, albaT, pedagogis sicoc-xlis xangrZlivobac amiT izomeba.

gaz. `qarTuli~, 2001, oqtomberi

153

J u J u n a f e i q r i S v i l i

mogonebani maswavlebelze

amonaridebi wignidan `cxovrebis gza~ (Tb., 2008)

...qeTevan ZoweniZe qarTuli enis sintaqss gvaswavli-da II kursis meore semestridan. marTalia, gamocdebis gan-sakuTrebuli SiSi studentobis wlebSi ar mqonia (sistema-turad vamzadebdi seminarebs, vasrulebdi davalebebs praqtikuli mecadineobebisaTvis, gamovdiodi moxsenebe-biT studentTa samecniero konferenciebze...), magram am process mainc yovelTvis ganvicdidi, radgan CemSi mTava-ri iyo pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba, leqtoris imedisa da ndobis sruli gamarTleba. amasTan dakavSirebiT magonde-ba erTi SemTxveva: q. ZoweniZis saganSi gamocda gvqonda III kursis I semestris bolos. sintaqsSi Cveni leqcia — praq-tikumebi TiTqmis yovelTvis `poeziis saRamoebs~ hgavda. q-ni qeTevani, poeziaze usazRvrod Seyvarebuli, `mSral~ gramatikasac leqsis surneliT anedlebda — Teoriuli ma-salisaTvis magaliTebs gvisaxelebda lado asaTianis, mir-za gelovanis, severian isianis, galaktionis, giorgi leo-niZisa da sxvaTa Semoqmedebidan. maswavlebels Cvenc vba-ZavdiT da saSinao davalebisaTvis magaliTebs qarTuli klasikuri mwerlobidan viwerdiT...

hoda, am siyvaruliT, safuZvlianad naswavli sagnis Cabareba Cven, student gogonebs, aRar gvaSinebda, Tumca qeTevan ZoweniZis simkacre saarakod iyo qceuli mTels in-stitutSi.

da ai, dadga gamocdis dRe. sagamocdo oTaxisaken mo-maval q-n qeTevans derefanSi mohyveboda xandazmuli, sim-paTiuri garegnobis inteligenti mamakaci (maSin Cven ase SevafaseT). igi Tbilisidan Camosuli damswre gvegona, amitom pirvel wuTebSi vayovnebdiT kabinetSi Sesvlas. qe-To maswavlebels gaukvirda Cveni dagvianeba, TviTon ga-

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movida derefanSi, mSvidad mogviaxlovda da gvkiTxa: `ras ucdiT, ar gamodixarT gamocdaze, xom ar geSiniaT?~ mere me momibrunda: `Sen mainc ra dagemarTa? xom ici, dRes aRelvebisagan erTi sityvac rom ver mipasuxo, mainc xuTs dagiwer.~ am dros viRacam Cailaparaka: `damswre bolomde gveyoleba gamocdaze?~ q-n qeTevans gulianad gaecina: `is mamakaci damswre gegonaT? igi erT-erTi soflis skolis direqtoria, Cveni institutis dauswrebeli ganyofilebis studenti. axla sagangebod Camoviyvane soflidan, rom sa-nimuSod Tqveni pasuxebi movasmenino~. yvelam SvebiT amoi-sunTqa. gamocdam kargad Caiara, qeTo maswavlebeli kmayo-fili darCa Cveni pasuxebiT. da, rac mTavaria, is dRe Cem-Tvis, rogorc momavali pedagogisaTvis, iqca saukeTeso gakveTilad.

yvela studentisaTvis q-ni qeTevani iyo Zalian axlo-beli, dedasaviT mzrunveli, Tumca imavdroulad TiTqos miuwvdomeli — sruliad gansxvavebuli adamiani...

...1965 wlis ivnisSi davamTavre saxelmwifo gamocde-bi. institutis samecniero sabWos gadawyvetilebiT qar-Tuli enis kaTedris rekomendaciis safuZvelze (rogorc warCinebuli studenti, leninuri stipendiati, samecnie-ro konferenciebis aqtiuri monawile...) ukve datovebuli viyavi samuSaod institutSi qarTuli enis xaziT samecnie-ro muSaobisaTvis mosamzadeblad. magram, samwuxarod, saswavlo wlis bolos Secvales institutis reqtori, axalma xelmZRvanelobam ki gaauqma samecniero sabWos ze-moaRniSnuli dadgenileba da uari miTxra institutSi mu-Saobaze Statis uqonlobis mizeziT, maSin roca imxanad, zogierTi gamonaklisis garda, institutis leqtorebis Svilebisa da axlo naTesavebisaTvis, agreTve `patroniane-bisaTvis~ yovelTvis moiZebneboda Tavisufali Statebi (anu institutSi `mamaSviloba~ da `proteqcia~ sakmaod aR-zevebuli iyo). am da sxva faqtorebis gamo, vin icis, ramden niWier students, mecnieruli kvlevis unariT dajildoe-

155

bul axalgazrdas Caeketa gza mecnierebisaken. albaT, mec amaT rigebSi aRmovCndebodi, rom mfarvelad qeTevan Zowe-niZe ar gamomCenoda.

q-ni qeTevani, romelic mTeli cxovrebis manZilze eb-rZoda usamarTlobas, meqrTameobas, romlisTvisac mecni-ereba iTvleboda im wminda taZrad, sadac mxolod Rirseu-lebs unda SesZlebodaT Sesvla, bunebrivia, marto ver ga-umklavdeboda am sferoSi gamefebul ukanonobas, magram imas mainc axerxebda, rom SeZlebisdagvarad daxmareboda `upatrono~ niWier axalgazrdebs samomavlo cxovrebis gzis gakafvaSi.

qeTo maswavlebelma Tavidanve icoda, rom me, sofli-dan Camosul glexis Svils, saerTod aravin myavda iseTi gavleniani patroni, romelic samsaxuris SovnaSi damexma-reboda. arada, misi azriT, Cemi samomavlo mecnieruli saq-mianobisaTvis quTaisSi darCena iyo aucilebeli. amazec isev q-nma qeTevanma izruna. misi TxovniT, quTaisis komkav-Siris qalaqkomSi sazogadoebriv sawyisebze (uxelfasod) droebiT amiyvanes StatgareSe instruqtorad (Cemi mona-cemebis mixedviT) da, Tuki aRmovCndebodi Sesaferisi kan-didatura, qalaqis romelime skolaSi vakansiis SemTxveva-Si pionerTa xelmZRvanelad damniSnavdnen (asec moxda ramdenime Tvis Semdeg).

q-ni qeTevani darwmunda, rom imxanad institutSi sam-saxurze ar unda gvefiqra, magram kvlav gamamxneva, damai-meda: `movicadoT, iqneb momavalSi Cvens kaTedraze moxdes raime cvlileba da laborantad Sen garda sxvas aravis mi-viRebT. axla mTavaria, aqedanve vemzadoT aspiranturi-saTvis. daiwye mecadineoba sagamocdo sagnebSi specialu-ri literaturis safuZvliani SeswavliT...~

CemTvis qeTo maswavleblis sityva ki ara Rimiliani gamoxedvac ki udidesi Zala da STagoneba iyo yovelTvis. marTlac, maSinve Sevudeqi Sromas. qeTevanis miTiTebiT vamuSavebdi enaTmecnierebis xaziT wyaroebs (wignebs, sta-

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tiebs...), vadgendi konspeqtebs, paralelurad vmecadine-obdi ucxo enasa da filosofiaSic.

erTi wlis Semdeg muSaoba daviwye quTaisis erT-erT (axladgaxsnil) skolaSi istoriis maswavleblad da am gziT momeca ufleba aspiranturaSi swavlisa. 1967 wels gavxdi Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis aspiranti sa-kandidato minimumis wesiT.

1968 wlis dasawyisSi qarTuli enis kaTedraze gaTavi-suflda laborantis adgili da isev q-ni qeTevanis wyalo-biT movxvdi institutSi. am wlebSi qeTo maswavlebeli doqtoranturaSi iyo da samsaxurSi ar dadioda, magram aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi saxlSi vewveodi xolme. iq yo-velTvis mxvdeboda maspinZelTa siTbo da siyvaruli... q-ni qeTevani xSirad sadilzec mimipatiJebda. me Zalian meri-deboda da mokrZalebiT vuxdidi madlobas, magram masTan yovelTvis rodi Wrida Cemi uari...

am wlebSic q-ni qeTevani sistematurad adevnebda Tvalyurs Cems muSaobas sagamocdo sagnebSi, misi erTa-derTi moTxovna iyo — safuZvliani codna yvela saganSi, gansakuTrebiT specialobaSi.

sakandidato minimumiT gaTvaliswinebuli sagnebi

rom warmatebiT (friadi SefasebiT) Cavabare, qeTo maswav-lebelma guliT gaixara; wignic maCuqa saTanado warweriT.

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uamravi tkbili mogoneba isev Semaxsenebs Tavs, mag-ram furcelze yvelafris gadatanas axlac ver vaxerxeb. imJamindeli Cveni (maswavleblisa da moswavlis) urTier-Toba da siyvaruli mokled ase SeiZleba gadmovce: q-ni qe-Tevani gaxldaT Cemi rwmena, imedi, STagonebis wyaro da adamianuri keTilSobilebis simbolo (etaloni, nimuSi).

... 1969 wlis 4 seqtembers qeTevan ZoweniZe gardaicva-la... es ambavi mTels qalaqSi mexis gavardnas hgavda, das-tiroda yvela: axlobeli Tu Sorebeli, studentebi, kole-gebi. im dReebSi Tavzardacemuli viyavi. Zalian, Zalian damaklda Cemi qeTo maswavlebeli. gadioda dReebi da ma-inc Zneli iyo am mware sinamdvilesTan Segueba...

mere sakuTar Tavs STavagone: cxovrebis nimuSad gai-xade Seni Zvirfasi maswavlebeli; giyvardes Seni saqme da studenti, iyavi mecnierebis damfasebeli, samarTliani, gamSvenebdes adamianuri siTbo... marTalia, qeTevan Zoweni-Zis ganmeoreba SeuZlebelia, magram misi kargi qalobis mad-li bevr students namdvilad gahyva cxovrebis sagzlad.

... dro yovelTvis rodi afermkrTalebs sulier tki-vils. im xanebSi xSirad vfiqrobdi warsul dReebze, q-ni qeTevanis sxivosan gamoxedvaze, naTel Rimilze, mis siT-bo-sikeTeze da ar vicodi, rogor gamomexata madliereba am mSvenieri qalbatonis mimarT. TiTqos ufalma gamoicno Cemi gulisTqma da male momca amis SesaZleblobac:

Tveebis ganmavlobaSi erTgulad, dauzareblad da sia-movnebiT vexmarebodi q-n leila kvantalians qeTevanis orive wignis teqnikurad gamarTvaSi, koreqturaSi. erTob-livma Sromam ufro damaaxlova kvantalianebis ojaxs. qe-Tevanis gardacvalebiT gamowveuli maTi udidesi mwuxare-ba Cemi tkivilic iyo. leila kvantalianis saxiT TiTqos ami-erSic kvlav gverdiT myavda qeTo maswavlebeli, kvlav vgrZnobdi mis siTbosa da siaxloves. diax, zeciuri sauf-lodanac mamxnevebda da Zalas mmatebda igi SemdgomSic, gansakuTrebiT disertaciaze muSaobis dros. amitom iyo,

158

rom, roca samecniero sabWom dacvis dRes maRali Sefaseba misca Cems sakvalifikacio naSroms, pirvel rigSi usazRvro madloba gadavuxade Cems Zvirfas maswavlebels, romelic axlobelTa Soris yvelaze metad gaixarebda am warmatebiT. maSindel Cems gancdebs zustad exmianeboda oTar deisaZis sityvebic (dacvis dRes depeSiT gamogzavnili): `a m d i- l i T q e T e v a n i s s a f l a v z e y v a v i l e b i m i v i t a n e. s a s i x a r u l o i q n e b o d a e s d R e m i s T v i s, gilo-cav gamarjvebas. kvlav win gevlos (1973 w.).~

gmadlobT, didad gmadlobT yvelafrisaTvis, qalbatono qeTevan!

g i o r g i k u W u x i Z e

sokrates filosofiis horizonti da misi

asociaciis Zala

(am werils vuZRvni qeTevan ZoweniZis naTel xsovnas)

(amonaridebi)

imis gamo, rom didi berZeni filosofosi sokrate Tavisi brZenkacuri moRvaweobiT erTgvarad Camohgavs berZnuli miTebis zogierT gmirs, da agreTve imitomac, rom winamdebare werils vuZRvni Cemi Zvirfasi maswavleb-lis, pirdapirobiTa da samarTlianobiT gamorCeuli lama-zi sulis qalbatonis, enaTmecnier qeTevan ZoweniZis xsov-nas, meZaleba survili, sagangebod mivuTiTo, rom sokra-tes uprecedento cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis asparezi iyo miTologiuri gmiris, sibrZnis RmerTqalis aTinas qalaqi aTeni. miTis mixedviT, aTinam Seuqmna adamianebs kanonebi da dauwesa areopagi. samwuxarod, areopagisagan gamotani-li sasikvdilo ganaCeniT daisaja sokrate. sikvdilmisji-li sokrate uSiSrad eloda ganaCenis aRsrulebas.

... sokratem naTelyo, rom adamiani ... aris erTaderTi arseba, romlis mizania sakuTari Tavis Semecneba, anu ...

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adamianma sakuTari ZaliT unda SeZlos TviTdadgena, zne-obrivi srulyofa... adamianma sakuTar TavSi unda Seqmnas adamianuroba. am amocanis ganxorcielebis mowodebad ga-ismis `aTeneli brZenis~ kategoriuli devizic: `Seimecne Tavi Seni~.

... `aTeneli brZeni~ imasac xedavda, raoden tragiku-lia zneobisagan da saWiro codnisagan gaucxoebuli ada-mianis bedi. aseT adamians Tavisi yofna namdvili cxovreba hgonia da mosalodnelia ise galios wuTisofeli, verc ki mixvdes, rom mas namdvili cxovrebiT ar ucxovria.

... sokrates mowodebis realizacia gaucxoebis daZ-levis aucilebeli pirobaa imitom, rom igi niSnavs imis Segnebas, ra SesaZlebloba aqvs adamians da ra movaleoba akisria mas... adamians mxolod is evaleba, rac SeuZlia Se-asrulos movaleobis SesaZleblobis farglebSi.

... sokrates Tavisi moRvaweoba yvelafers erCia, yve-laferze metad uRirda.

sokrate marad daamSvenebs adamianTa im diad jgufs, romelTa arseboba SeiZleba kacobriobis keTilSobilebis mowmobad CaiTvalos...

gazeTi `quTaisis universiteti~, 2011, seqtember-oqtomberi

r u s u d a n z e q a l a S v i l i (S a m e l a S v i l i)

„Txrobili mowafeTagan da mowafis

mowafeTagan...“

adamianis Rirseuli cxovrebis erT-erTi sazomi daTe-sili sikeTe da madlia, romelic ramdenime Taobaze gadadis. namdvilad aseTi sikeTiTa da madliT gamoirCeoda araCveu-lebrivi enaTmecnieri, SesaniSnavi leqtori da kristaluri patiosnebis adamiani, qalbatoni qeTevan ZoweniZe. quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi misi moRvaweoba iyo muxlCauxreli

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Sroma da kelaptariviT wva qarTuli enis wminda taZarSi. Turme masze legendebi iqmneboda da studentebi erTmaneTs gadascemdnen, rom q-ni qeTevani iyo Rrma codnis, axleburad moazrovne, dauSreteli energiis, studentebze uangarod ga-dagebuli, magram mkacri, mousyidveli da uCveulod princi-puli. masTan maRali niSnis miReba mxolod realur codnasa da SemoqmedebiTs azrovnebas niSnavda...

diax, me Sevqmeni CemTvis qeTevan ZoweniZis es portreti Cemi mSoblebis monaTxrobiT: q-ni qeTevani me dResac warmo-midgenia Zvel qarTul foliantebSi TavCargul asketad, Tav-ze rom keTilSobilebisa da RvTiuri madlis Saravandedi ad-gas... TiTqos ucnauria, arc mjera, rom ar maswavlida, Cems Tavs ki mainc mis mowafed miviCnev. imdeni codna da adamianoba miiRes misgan Cemma mSoblebma, rom mec miwilades, maziares qarTuli enis siyvaruls da TiTqos anderZad damitoves, ga-megrZelebina qeTevan ZoweniZis dawyebuli uangaro samsaxuri qarTuli enis sakurTxevelze.

...iyo 1946 weli, quTaisis pedagogiuri institutis mer-xebs usxdnen aTas Wirvaramgamovlili, naadrevad daseriozu-lebul-gaWaRaravebuli, mraval frontze sisastikisa da koS-maris mnaxveli, sakuTari mxrebiT gamarjvebis momtani axal-gazrdebi. swored am nakadSi swavlobdnen Cemi mSoblebi: ra-fiel SamelaSvili (1972-1994 wlebSi _ quTaisis pedinstitu-tis profesori) da naTela nikolaiSvili (1970 wlidan _ sa-qarTvelos ssr damsaxurebuli maswavlebeli, Semdeg _ per-sonaluri pensioneri) _ orive didi samamulo omis monawile. deda me-8 klasis Semdeg Camovida quTaisSi samtrediis raio-nis sof. dafnaridan da, radgan umamo ojaxs Zalian uWirda, mas Semdeg damoukideblad uwevda cxovrebis Wapanis weva. omamde warCinebiT daamTavra quTaisis pedagogiuri teqniku-mi, saxelganTqmuli pedagogebis _ niko mefisaSvilisa da elene nazariSvilis _ usayvarlesi moswavle iyo, magram omSi gauSves, axalgazrdobis saukeTeso 4 weli iq gaatara. mamas ge-geWkoris raionis sof. banZis skola warCinebiT hqonda dam-

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Tavrebuli, mas 6 weliwadze meti jarma da didma samamulo om-ma waarTva, bolos kenigsbergSi ibrZoda, uamravi medali da ordeni hqonda miRebuli. amdeni xnis Semdeg Zneli iyo stu-dentoba, skolis programis aRdgena, magram qeTevan ZoweniZis saocari pedagogiuri alRo, qarTuli enis siyvaruli da Sro-mismoyvareoba gadamdebad moqmedebda am Taobaze.

Cems mSoblebTan erTad swavlobdnen aseve momavali enaTmecnierebi: oTar deisaZe (Semdgom _ quTaisis pedinsti-tutis docenti da qarTuli enis kaTedris gamge) da tite su-laberiZe (Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis docenti).

es iyo Taoba, romelmac icoda, ra iyo omi da SimSili, Tanakurselis keTili guliT motexili mWadis fasi da navTis lamfis mbJutav alze kiTxvaSi gaTenebuli Rameebi. da ai, maT-Tan qarTuli enis leqtorad Sevida q-ni qeTevani, gulanTebu-li, Tavdadebuli msaxuri dedaenisa. misi leqciebi iyo Ziebis uSreti wyaro da SemoqmedebiTi impulsis mimcemi. me amas miy-vebodnen Cemi mSoblebi, romlebic udidesi siyvaruliT, mo-wiwebiTa da didi monatrebiT igonebdnen qeTevan ZoweniZis leqciebs, praqtikumebsa da gamocdebs: Tavs ar zogavda, bo-lomde ixarjeboda, saocrad momxibvleli da artistuli iyoo, ambobdnen. dRemde Senaxuli maqvs q-ni qeTevanis leqci-ebze dedaCemis ulamazesi kaligrafiiT Cawerili konspeqtebi qarTuli enis morfologiasa da sintaqsSi (maSin xom wignis Sovac ki problema iyo!). yovelTvis mikvirda, ase kargad ro-gor Caiwere-meTqi, magram amasac q-ni qeTevanis damsaxurebas miawerda, ise xsnida, aucileblad unda CagveniSnao, arc erTi fraza ar iyo dasakargi da TiTqos TavSi gvidebdao... (sxvaTa Soris, Cemi studentobis drosac gamomadga es Canawerebi. ise-Ti kargi winadadebebi iyo sintaqsSi magaliTebad, rom mec mexmareboda).

deda siamayiT meubneboda, rom quTaisis pedinstitutSi maSin aswavlidnen iseTi didi mecnierebi, rogorebic iyvnen: akaki SaniZe, giorgi axvlediani, varlam Tofuria, simon yaux-CiSvili, Salva nucubiZe, angia boWoriSvili, aleqsandre ba-

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ramiZe, korneli kekeliZe, kote baqraZe da sxvebi. mecnierTa am kohortas mxars Rirseulad umSvenebda q-ni qeTevan Zoweni-Ze, romelic gamorCeulad uyvardaT studentebs. Cemi mSob-lebi amayobdnen, TviT qeTevanTan gvqonda friadebi miRebu-lio (orive baraTaSvilis saxelobis stipendiati iyo da ga-WirvebiT irCendnen Tavs amiT).

deda xSirad imeorebda q-ni qeTevanis sayvarel stro-febsac; metyoda xolme, yvelas hgonia, rom enaTmecnieri mxo-lod gramatikis mSral wesebsa da lingvistur terminebs cnobs, arada, qeTevan ZoweniZe literaturis SesaniSnavi mcodnec iyo, mxatvruli sityvis sinatifes Zalian afasebda da didi literaturuli alRo hqonda, bevri leqsi, moTxroba Tu romani misi rCeviT wavikiTxeT, leqciebzec SesaniSnavi ma-galiTebis dasaxeleba uyvardao. erT-erTs _ ioseb griSaSvi-lis „yurTbaliSs“ _ xSirad ixsendeba.

Zalian swydeboda guli Turme q-n qeTevans, rom deda-Cemma, misma erT-erTma saukeTeso studentma, ver gaagrZela aspiranturaSi swavla, yovel Sexvedraze Semaxsenebdao... mag-ram lukmapurisTvis yoveldRiurma brZolam da mZime cxov-rebam xeli SeuSala. mesame kursze SeuRldnen Cemi mSoblebi, arc bina hqondaT, arc rame Semosavali an soflis ojaxidan xelSewyoba, yvelas uWirda axal naomarze. 1950 wlidan ganawi-lebiT wavidnen valeSi, Semdeg _ axalcixeSi; aswavlidnen soflebSi, umZimes pirobebs uZlebdnen, mere isev quTaiss da-ubrundnen. dedam Tavi Seswira meuRlis samecniero winsvlas, ojaxs, erTaderT qaliSvils. me Zalian miwyobda xels, TiTqos amiT undoda sakuTari vali gadaexada usayvarlesi leqtori-sadmi, sicocxlis bolomde Seinaxa uCveulo mowiweba da mad-liereba mis mimarT. deda skolaSi aswavlida qarTul enasa da literaturas ise, rogorc q-nma qeTevanma aswavla, rom ar yo-filiyo mosawyeni qarTuli enis gramatika. mec mSoblebma Se-mayvares Cemi momavali profesia. amitomac mgonia, rom qeTe-van ZoweniZe mec maswavlida, TiTqos man gamzarda da dedaenis urTules labirinTebSi gzis gakvlevac gamiadvila.

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am gancdas SeiZleba isic miZlierebs, rom Tanamedrove qarTuli enis sintaqss maswavlida araCveulebrivi specia-listi q-ni leila kvantaliani, qeTevanis disSvili, misi Rvawlis WeSmariti damfasebeli da saqmis gamgrZelebeli. vfiqrob, rom namdvilad gamimarTla!

dResac maxsovs q-ni leilas pirveli leqcia Cvens jguf-Si 1975 wels: tanmorCili, odnav TmaSevercxlili qali Semo-vida da daiwyo... mTeli dafa ramdenime wuTSi savse iyo, werda, sqemebs xazavda, uamrav winadadebas ambobda zepirad, Tan ise-Ti daxvewili gemovnebiT hqonda TiToeuli SerCeuli, rom sa-mudamod gvamaxsovrdeboda: nawyvetebi galaktion tabiZis, giorgi leoniZis, ioseb griSaSvilis, lado asaTianis, ana ka-landaZisa da sxvaTa leqsebidan. leqciaze TiTqos cecxls anTebda, magaliTebis es foierverki xom saocrad gvaocebda da gvxiblavda, SeeZlo kritikuli mimoxilvac da sxva mecni-erTa azris pativiscemac, amasTanave, sakuTari xedvis princi-puli dacvac... meamayeba, rom Zalian vuyvardi, mafasebda, vme-gobrobdiT kidec. roca TbilisSi gadavida, yvela students guli daswyda, TiTqos q-ni qeTevanis sulic wavida mSobliu-ri institutidan...

mere ukve TbilisSi vxvdebodi q-n leilas. enaTmecnie-rebis institutSi misi sadoqtoro disertaciis dacvasac ves-wrebodi, Zalian gaixara. yvelgan siamayiT imeorebda, rom Cemi gamorCeuli da uniWieresi studenti iyoo. xSirad Semaxseneb-da: male daicavi sadoqtoro disertacia, nu gadadebo. me vfiqrob, rom aseTi damokidebuleba leqtorsa da students Soris, udidesi pasuxismgebloba, Rrma codna, saqmis erTgu-leba da Tavganwirvis unari q-n leilas qeTevan ZoweniZisgan gadmoeca memkvidreobiT. yvela am TvisebiT isini erTmaneTs hgavdnen. marTalia, orive uSvilod wavida maradiul samyo-felSi, magram, vfiqrob, isini cocxloben TiToeuli namowa-farisa da maTi Semdegi Taobebis xsovnaSi. sanam erT adamians mainc emaxsovreba maTi ganumeorebeli da uzado leqciebi, sa-

164

nam erTi mainc iqneba dedaenis gulSematkivari, manam isinic iarsebeben.

amitom CavTvale saWirod, momeTxro q-n qeTevansa da q-n leilaze, or araCveulebriv adamianze, qarTuli enis qomagsa da mesaidumleze, rogorc „WeSmaritad Txrobili mowafeTagan da mowafis mowafeTagan“. studentebs yovelTvis vetyvi, rom arsebobdnen aseTi enaTmecnierebi, Cemi yofili leqtorebi, mi-vuTiTeb maTs naSromebs, Tan davamateb, rom TiToeuli iyo ara marto didi lingvisti, aramed maRali sulis adamiani da deda-enis siyvarulSi Caferflili pirovneba. es sWirdeba axal Tao-bas, mogoneba da ardaviwyeba Cvenve gvaZlierebs.

mogoneba daiwera specialurad am wignisaTvis. 2013 w.

* * *

aseTi iyo qeTevan ZoweniZe _ pirdapiri, gulwrfeli, uangaro, gulisxmieri aRmzrde-li da axalgazrdobis WeSmariti moZRvari.

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gamoyenebuli literatura

qeTevan ZoweniZis piradi arqivi alaviZe m. — Sinmousvleli meomari poetebi: `quTaisi~,

1965, 25 aprili. alaviZe m. — ortomeuli imerul dialeqtze: `quTaisi~,

1970, 19 noemberi. alaviZe m. — qeTevan ZoweniZe — cxovreba da Rvawli: zemoi-

meruli kilokavi, Tb., 1973. alaviZe m. — wigni imerul dialeqtze (eZRvneba p.

gaCeCilaZis wigns `imeruli dialeqtis saleqsikono masala~ (1976).aqve saubaria q. ZoweniZis wignebzec): `qu-Taisi~, 1977, 7 aprili.

alaviZe m. — Sexvedrebi uxuces gramatikosTan (a. SaniZes-Tan): `quTaisi~, 1977, 2 ivlisi.

alaviZe m. — xsovna sicocxlis gagrZelebaa: `quTaisi~, 1991, 19 dekemberi.

beroZe r. — mxolod siyvaruli: gaz. `stalineli~, 20.V.1960. bregaZe d. — mogonebebi, narkvevebi, werilebi, quTaisi,

1996. buziaSvili v. — SuqiT rom gaaciskrovno (eZRvneba giorgi

ZoweniZis cxovreba-moRvaweobas): `quTaisi~, 2003, 26 marti.

goSxeTeliani m. — qeTevan ZoweniZe _ dauviwyari aR-mzrdeli: `quTaisi~, 2000, 11 maisi.

danelia k. — wigni da misi avtori (recenzia q. ZoweniZis wignze `zemoimeruli kilokavi~): gaz. `axkomi~, 1973, 6 marti.

durmiSiZe s. — mogonebis ramdenime furceli: Jurn. `mna-Tobi~, 1980, #2.

zeqalaSvili r., SamelaSvili r. — enaTmecnieris xsovnas eZRvneba: `quTaisi~, 1990, 11 ivlisi.

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zeqalaSvili r. — `Txrobili mowafeTagan da mowafis mowafeTagan...~ (mogoneba), 2013.

TeTruaSvili l. — qeTevan ZoweniZe — pirovneba da indivi-dualoba: gaz. `literaturuli saqarTvelo~, 1997, 2-9 maisi.

Tofuria v. _ varlam Tofuriasadmi miZRvnili xsovnis wigni, Tb., 2012.

Turnava s. — franguli Jurnalis furclebze: gaz. `sof-lis cxovreba~, 1975, 18 seqtemberi (gadabeWdilia ag-reTve: gazeTi `quTaisi~, 1975, 29 seqtemberi).

imnaiSvili gr. — qeTevan ZoweniZe da imeruli dialeqti: XVI respublikuri dialeqtologiuri samecniero sesia (Tezisebi), Tb., 1996.

kuWuxiZe g. _ sokrates filosofiis horizonti da misi asociaciis Zala (am werils vuZRvni qeTevan ZoweniZis naTel xsovnas): gaz. `quTaisis universiteti~, 2011, #11-12.

meZvelia k. — sanimuSo pedagogi da mecnieri: `quTaisi~, 1969, 9 seqtemberi.

mWedliZe g. — uangaroTa ojaxi: `quTaisi~, 2003, 22 marti. nucubiZe l. — Sen cocxlob maSin (xelnaweri): 1970, 27.12. nekrologebi — 1) qeTevan ZoweniZe: gaz. `komunisti~, 1969,

7.09. 2) qeTevan ZoweniZis xsovnas (quT. pedinstituti, qar-

Tuli enis kaTedra): `quTaisi~, 1969, 6 seqtemberi. feiqriSvili J. — qeTevan ZoweniZis enaTmecnieruli naSro-

mebi Zvel qarTulSi: qarTuli enis moamageni, Tb., 2006. feiqriSvili J. — mogonebebi maswavlebelze: cxovrebis

gza, Tb., 2008. qacarava m. — iSviaTi gansaxeba srulRirsebiani pedagogi-

sa: gaz. `qarTuli~, 2001, oqtomberi. Rlonti al. — qarTuli enaTmecnierebis mniSvnelovani Se-

naZeni (qeTevan ZoweniZis Sromebis gamocemis gamo): `quTaisi~, 1974, 23 agvisto.

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SamelaSvili r. — disertaciis dacva ar Sedgeba: `quTai-si~, 1969, 11 oqtomberi.

SamelaSvili r. _ mokle enciklopediuri cnobari, 3, 1980 (manqanaze gadabeWdili xelnaweris uflebiT; daculia quTaisis istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis xelna-werTa ganyofilebaSi).

SamelaSvili r., zeqalaSvili r. — enaTmecnieris xsovnas eZRvneba: `quTaisi~, 1990, 11 ivlisi.

SaniZe a. — gulmarTali, saTno da spetaki: `quTaisi~, 1969, 9 seqtemberi.

Ciqobava arn. — monografia imerul dialeqtze: `quTaisi~, 1973, 17 Tebervali.

Ciqobava arn. — arnold Ciqobavasadmi miZRvnili xsovnis wigni, Tb., 1998.

CxeiZe S. — axalgazrdobis SesaniSnavi aRmzrdeli: `quTai-si~, 1997, 6 Tebervali.

cagareiSvili n. — marTali qali: Jurn. `saqarTvelos qali~, 1964, #7.

jajaniZe p. — adamiani, pedagogi, mecnieri: `quTaisi~, 1969, 18 oqtomberi.

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fotodokumenturi

masala

169

qeTevanis mSoblebi

fotine deviZe samson ZoweniZe

170

samson ZoweniZis Svilebi

qeTevani aleqsandre (buWa)

antonina elene giorgi

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qeTevani marjvnidan pirveli. 1944 w.

qeTevani marjvnidan pirveli. 1931 w.

qeTevani marjvnidan mesame. 1946 w.

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levan goTua (marcxnidan meore) quTaisel maspinZlebTan. qeTevani marjvnidan pirveli.1958 w.

akaki SaniZis 70 wlis iubile quTaisis pedinstitutSi. centrSi akaki SaniZe da qeTevan ZoweniZe. 1957 w.

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saxe

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naSi

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stumrad arn. CiqobavasTan agarakze, oqroyanaSi. suraTze marcxnidan : T. yiasaSvili, q. ZoweniZe,

arn. Ciqobava, l ZoweniZe

dialeqtologiuri masalebis Casawerad sofelSi

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Sexvedra giorgi leoniZesTan quTaisis pedagogiur institutSi. 1963 w.

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quT

aisi

s pe

din

stit

ut

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espu

blik

ur

i sa

mec

nier

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lni

. 196

4 w.

178

179

180

leila kvantaliani

181

sarCevi

winasityva ....................................................................................3 Sesavali .......................................................................................5

qeTevan ZoweniZe (mSoblebi, da-Zmebi)........................5 qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis

ZiriTadi TariRebi....11 qeTevan ZoweniZis Sromebis bibliografia .......................12 qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovrebis adreuli wlebi

(1939-1941)......................17 dRiurebi.............................................................................17 qeTevanisadmi miZRvnili leqsebi ...............................22

qeTevan ZoweniZis cxovreba da moRvaweoba 1941-1969 wlebSi..........26

severian isianis frontuli werilebi ........................... 27 `fiqrebi da warmosaxvani~ ................................................. 31 sakandidato disertacia................................................... 34 qeTevanisadmi miZRvnili leqsebi da mxatvruli

narkvevi.......................... 36 ioseb griSaSvilis iubile quTaisSi da qeTevan

ZoweniZe.......................... 46 `siyvaruliT gamTbari~ (sityva g. leoniZeze)............. 50 mogonebebi (dia Cianelis gaxseneba, lado

asaTiani)......................... 52 mimowera maswavleblebTan, cnobil moRvaweebTn,

axloblebTan...............55 1969 weli _ cxovrebis daisi ................................................99

(nekrologi, gamosaTxovari werilebi) qeTevan ZoweniZis monografia or wignad .........................114

(recenziebi) sicocxle grZeldeba ..............................................................131

(qeTevanis xsovnisadmi miZRvnili masalebi) gamoyenebuli literatura....................................................165 fotodokumenturi masala.....................................................168