SSUSH7 The student wil l explain the process of economic growth, its regional and national impact in the first half of the 19 t h century, and the different response to it .Explain the impact of the Industr ia l Revolut ion as seen in E l i Whi tney’s invent ion of the cotton gin and h is development of interchangeable parts for muskets.Descr ibe the westward growth of the Uni ted States inc luding the emerging concept of Mani fest Dest iny.Descr ibe re form movements, specifical ly temperance, abo l i t ion, and publ ic schools .Explain women’s efforts to ga in suffrage, inc luding El izabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca Fal ls Conference.Explain Jacksonian Democracy, expanding suffrage, the r ise of popular pol i t i ca l cu l ture , and the deve lopment o f Amer ican nat i ona l i sm.

Domain 2

Imagine you picked this basket of cotton and each boll of cotton looked like this…

Your job is to pick each boll clean of seeds and debris… by hand. How hard is that?

Cotton Gin Automatic machine to remove seeds from cotton Major time saver! Made cotton much more profitable than tobacco or rice

Before: took 1 slave all day to separate 1 pound of cotton After: 1 slave = 50 pounds cotton

Cotton production exploded major increase in textile production in North

Interchangeable Parts Muskets originally made by hand and parts could not be switched Interchangeable allowed any part to fit any gun Manufacturers applied idea to other goods

ELI WHITNEY AND THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONWhat is the effect of the invention of

the cotton gin on the need for slaves in the South?

LOWELL MILL, MA

DESCRIBE THE WESTWARD

GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES INCLUDING THE

EMERGING CONCEPT OF

MANIFEST DESTINY.

DESCRIBE EVIDENCE OF MANIFEST DESTINY.

Imagine the year is 1840…You, your partner and your three children are considering

moving from Georgia out into the West, maybe Oregon or CaliforniaWHAT WOULD BE TWO REASONS TO DO IT?WHAT WOULD BE ONE REASON NOT TO DO IT?

Moving west:The desire of most Americans to own their own landThe discovery of gold and other valuable resourcesThe belief that the United States was destined to stretch across North America

Manifest – obviousDestiny – fateAmericans obvious fate to expand from “sea

to shining sea”

MANIFEST DESTINY AND WESTWARD MOVEMENT

MANIFEST DESTINY

“if Hell lay to the West, Americans would cross Heaven to get there.”

MANIFEST DESTINY“OBVIOUS FATE”

Between 1800-1860, America doubled in size and doubled in number of states (16 to 33)

Three key motivations for westward movement

(1) Most Americans wanted to own their own land(2) Gold and other valuable resources lay in the West(3) The US was destined to stretch across North America

for economic expansion Are there any negative things to

consider about American expansionist dreams?

ROUTES WEST

OUR “PROVIDENTIAL” DESTINY

.

MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR

Background:Texas declared independence from Mexico 1836

Asked to join US but was deniedBritain recognized Texas and began to trade and set treaties with them

1845 President Tyler asked Congress to annex Texas – passed and Texas came in as a slave state

Mexico outraged!!!Border dispute – America claimed Texas boarder was Rio Grande but Mexico claimed it was Nueces river

Troops sent by both sides

President Polk tried to resolve issue and buy California and New Mexico land for $25 million

Also sent Navy to California coast and General Zachary Taylor (+2,000 troops) moved into disputed territory next to Rio Grande

Mexican troops attacked in 1846 and Polk asked Congress to declare war

War lasted 18 months Navy seized California Army seized New Mexico and California Taylor seized all of northern Mexico General Scott seized Mexico City in September 1847 to end war

Treaty signed in 1848 to end war

Mexico ceded California and most of New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado, and Wyoming

Mexico abandoned claims over Texas

Rio Grande established as border between Texas and Mexico

US “generously” paid Mexico $15 million for all the lands

TREATY OF GUADALUPE-HIDALGO

EXPLAIN JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY,

EXPANDING SUFFRAGE, THE RISE

OF POPULAR POLITICAL CULTURE,

AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF

AMERICAN NATIONALISM.

FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PICTURE TAKE FIVE MINUTES IN YOUR GROUPS TO ANSWER THE

QUESTIONS.1. How does this picture depict the president?2. Who does this picture appeal to?3. What is the bias of this picture, if any?4. Write down any other facts or details you notice

in the picture.

Elected 1828

Mandate from the people to do what he wanted

Greatly expanded powers of the presidency Vetoed bills he didn’t like Sacrificed states rights to build up federal powers

Spoils System Believed power rests with people Rewarded allies with political jobs

More respect given to the opinions of the common man Suffrage extended to all white males, not just those that

owned land

JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY

JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACYWhat kind of president should we

expect Andrew Jackson to be?

POPULAR POLITICS Jackson was elected in 1828, after getting cheated

out of the 1824 election, and he brought a lot more participation The brand new Democratic party was a success

Things could get pretty brutal in public displays of campaign songs, pamphlets, posters, barbecues, rallies, buttons, etc Andrew Jackson’s attitudes toward Native Americans &

National Banking were challengedWhat are the advantages to this increased attention

to politics?

NECESSARY OR WRONG?

Indian Removal Act of 1830

Authorized forced relocation of Native Americans

Cherokees in Georgia challenged law in 1831 – Supreme Court said Natives legally owned land as a separate nation and could not be removed.

Jackson refused to follow law Forced Cherokee to cede lands and relocate to Arkansas

Territory 12,000 Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaws, Creeks and

Seminoles

TRAIL OF TEARS

DESCRIBE REFORM MOVEMENTS, SPECIFICALLY

TEMPERANCE, ABOLITION, AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

EXPLAIN WOMEN’S EFFORTS TO GAIN SUFFRAGE,

INCLUDING ELIZABETH CADY STANTON AND THE SENECA

FALLS CONFERENCE.

DESCRIBE HOW THE ERA OF JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY GAVE BIRTH

TO AN ERA OF SOCIAL REFORMS.

What is reform and what does it mean?What types of things need to be reformed in this

school, state, country, world?How would you go about getting these things

changed.

REFORMS: TEMPERANCEWomen and religious leaders pushed the issue

Temperance, to encourage people to drink less Prohibition, to outlaw it altogether

Protestant Christian groups expanded their influence as a result, especially in western and rural areas

Why were women helping to lead this reform movement?

REFORMS: EDUCATIONPublic education was still a slow idea to grow in the

new republic Horace Mann argued that all children should be

required to attend free schools built by taxpayers and led by trained teachers that had been given a planned curriculum

How did the Industrial Revolution compete with the education reform movement?

REFORMS: WOMEN’S RIGHTS In the early 1800s, women had few rights

No suffrage, no custody or landowning rightsElizabeth Cady Stanton was an outspoken advocate

for women’s full citizenship rights In 1848, she organized the Seneca Falls Conference

in New York to publish a declaration for women’s rights (suffrage)

What other women were involved in this movement?

REFORMS: ABOLITIONAbolitionists believed that slavery should be

abolished and it should not be allowed in new statesWomen were highly involved in this movement as

wellWhere in the US was the abolitionist movement

particularly strong?