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Dolly R
am
os G
alleg
o
Stages of Language and cognitive
Development in L1
DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCES (acquisition order l1)
In nearly all cases, children's lg development follows a predictable sequence. However, there is a great deal of variation in the age which children reach a given achievement.
FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Ways to characterize the developmental sequence
Ages and for receptive & expressive language acquisition (1998)
Caroline Bowen
Childs Lg does not deal with fixed stages of development but describes “leading activities” typical of certain age periods around which intellectual development is organized.
Lev Vygotsky
Roger Brown
The stages provide a framework within which to understand and predict the path that normal expressive language development usually takes, in terms of morphology and syntax
Shaffer (2002)Two stages that help in development of L1
Pre-linguistic Linguist
0 to 12 months Children emit non-
linguistic vocalization or motor that are related to their needs Hunger Pain plearure
By the end of the stage can produce meaningful words
12 to 60 month Can understand heard
and has meaning This stage has 6 other
stages Early one word One word Two word Three word Four word Complex utterances
Child’s lg development depends on the affective factors and social-interaction
Language Motor
CryingVocabularyPronuncitionExpressionCommunication (interaction)
Politeness
Face expression
Body gesturesMovements
Firs
t year o
f lifeso
un
d to
com
mu
nica
te a
wid
e ra
ng
e
of th
ing
s
Include gestures eye contact sound wordplay between infant and
caregiver, cooing, babbling and crying. First meaningful words Dadadada,
mamamama
and waaaah.
The Holophrase or The One-Word Sentence
10 and 13 months
A single word at a time & non-verbal
cuesMeaning based
on context Botty=Give me my bottle
immediately. Dada =Daddy, please come to
me.
The Two-Word SentenceStage shows increase of vocabularySentences = noun or verb + modifier.Meaning is more complex according to the
context Sentence
18 months
-More sugar! Not egg
• Where ball Doggy big
-Imperative-Negative-
Interrogative-
Declarative
Semantic Relations
Examples Communicative Intent
Agent + Action daddy kiss/ doggie bite
Daddy is kissing. The doggie is biting.
Action + Object push truck/ give ball Pushing the truck.Giving the ball.
Agent + Object mummy 'puter/ man hat
Mummy (is at the) computer.The man (is wearing a) hat.
Action + Locative go pool/ in bath (We) are going (to the) pool.(I) am getting (in the) bath.
Entity + Locative teddy car/ dolly bed Teddy (is in the) car.Dolly (is on the) bed.
Possessor + Possession (object)
Daddy car/ Baby toy. Daddy's car.Baby's toy.
Entity + Attributive
water hot/ truck big (The) water (is) hot.(The) truck (is) big.
Demonstrative + Entity
that train! (Not this one.)(Not that one.)
Semantic Relations
Multiple-Word Sentences
Telegraphic. "telegraphic economy of words" Grammatical errors. Focus on the function Increase vocab range and
pronunciation.
the sentences:"Doggy is big""Where is ball?""That is not egg""I want more sugar""I catched it""I falling"
2 and 2 and a half years old.
More Complex Grammatical Structures
"Read it, my book“ -Conjunction."Where is Daddy?“ -Questions"I can't play" -Negative."Take me to the shop“ -Uses preposition of place.
Children start using more standard language
More intricate and complex grammatical
structures.
2 and half and 3 years old
Adult-Like Language Structures
Complex structural distinctions
Change the word order in the sentence .
"Ask her what time it is.""He promised to help her."
Don’t you
think boy
ballerinas
should be
called Boyrin
as?
5 to 6 years old.
L1 AcquisitionCooing Typical Age
Babbling 3-5 months Vowel like sounds
One word stage
6-10 months Repetitive patterns
Two word stage 12-18 months Single or one semantic meaning
Telegrafic stage
24-30 month Sentence struct
Multiword stage
30+ months Grammar or functional
Conclusion
Children require affection and
social interaction to develop their L1 successfully
No matter the age children will always
find a way to be
understood
The extent and quality of a lg
experience of a child depends on the family
Children can acquire their L1 by beign in a social contextand listening to people’s speech
Early lg development begins at sensorial stage
Everyone goes through these stages it is impossible to skip one
These stages go from birth to adulthood
The develop at different pace among individuals
Stages of Cognitive Developmentdiscuss with a partner Piaget
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Play video
Stages of DevelopmentSensori-motor
0-2
Physical Interact
environment.
Object only exist if can see
it.
Preoperational3-6
Egocentric Not very logical
more imagination
Relation between present
and past
Object exist because of
memory retention
Concrete operational 7-12
More logical & mature in thoughts
Cause & effect
Reversibity. Ex the glass with
water
Operationalteens
More reasonable
Abstract issues
argumentation
Multiple variables= making
hypothesis
Darwin (n.d.)
“All of us have an instinctive tendency to acquire the art of the language and innate desire to
develop it”
References
http://www.edublox.com/language-development.htm
(Brown, R. (1973). A first language: The early stages.
London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd).
www.youtube.com
Wood,K.C., (2001) Piaget stages of cognitive
develpment.In Morey. Retrieve from:
www.projects.coe.uga.edu/epitt/