Stainless Steels Classifications

8/18/2019 Stainless Steels Classifications

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Stainless Steels ClassificationsStainless steels are commonly grouped into martensitic stainlesssteels, ferritic stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, duplex(ferritic-austenitic) stainless steels, and precipitation-hardeningstainless steels

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Stainless steels are in general grouped into

martensitic stainless steelsferritic stainless steelsaustenitic stainless steelsduplex (ferritic-austenitic) stainless steels

precipitation-hardening stainless steels

Alloying metallic elements added during the making of the steel increase corrosion resistance,

hardness, or strength. The metals used most commonly as alloying elements in stainless steel includechromium, nickel, and molybdenum .

Stainless steels are available in the form of

platesheetstripfoil

bar wire

pipestubes

Stainless steels are a iron-based alloy containing at between 10.5% to 30% Cr . Stainless steelachi eve its stainless charact eristic through the formation of an invisible and adherent chromium-richoxid e surface film .

Other alloying elements added to improve the characteristics of the stainless steel include nickel,molybdenum, copper, titanium, aluminum, silicon, niobium, nitrogen, sulphur, and selenium.

Carbon is normally in amounts from 0.03% to more than 1.0% in some martensitic grades.Selection of stainless steels are in general based on

corrosion resistance

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fabrication characteristicsavailabilitymechanical properties for specific temperature ranges

product cost

Since stainless steel resists corrosion, maintains its strength at high temperatures, and is easilymaintained, it is widely used in items such as automotive and food processing products, as well asmedical and health equipment. The most common US grades of stainless steel are:

TYPE 304

The most commonly specified austenitic (chromium-nickel stainless class) stainless steel, accountingfor more than half of the stainless steel produced in the world. This grade withstands ordinarycorrosion in architecture, is durable in typical food processing environments, and resists mostchemicals. Type 304 is available in virtually all product forms and finishes.

TYPE 316

Austenitic (chromium-nickel stainless class) stainless steel containing 2%-3% molybdenum (whereas304 has none). The inclusion of molybdenum gives 316 greater resistance to various forms of deterioration.

TYPE 409

Ferritic (plain chromium stainless category) stainless steel suitable for high temperatures. This gradehas the lowest chromium content of all stainless steels and thus is the least expensive.

TYPE 410The most widely used martensitic (plain chromium stainless class with exceptional strength) stainlesssteel, featuring the high level of strength conferred by the martensitics. It is a low-cost, heat-treatablegrade suitable for non-severe corrosion applications.

TYPE 430

The most widely used ferritic (plain chromium stainless category) stainless steel, offering general- purpose corrosion resistance, often in decorative applications.

AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELSTYPE Equivalent UNS201 S20100202 S20200205 S20500301 S30100302 S30200302B S30215

303 S30300303Se S30323304 S30400304L S30403


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302HQ S30430304N S30451305 S30500308 S30800309 S30900309S S30908310 S31000310S S31008314 S31400316 S31600316L S31603316F S31620316N S31651317 S31700317L S31703

317LMN S31726321 S32100330 NO8330347 S34700348 S34800384 S38400

FERRITIC STAINLESS STEELS

TYPE Equivalent UNS405 S40500409 S40900429 S42900430 S43000430F S43020430FSe S43023434 S43400436 S43600

442 S44200446 S44600

MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEELSTYPE Equivalent UNS403 S40300410 S41000414 S41400

416 S41600416Se S41623420 S42000420F S42020


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422 S42200431 S43100440A S44002440B S44003440C S44004

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