Stand-alone and Biorefinery ways to produce bioenergy from ...uest.ntua.gr/tinos2015/proceedings/pdfs/Carlos_Garcia_et_al_pres.pdfNacional de Colombia 2013-2015. The authors express

Stand-alone and Biorefinery ways to produce bioenergy from solid biodiesel wastes in Colombia

Carlos A. García V., Valentina Aristizábal M., Carlos A. Cardona A.Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química

Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



IntroductionMethodologyResults and DiscussionConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferences

Grupo de Investigación Procesos Químicos, Catalíticos y BiotecnológicosUniversidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales

Outline

2


Introduction

3

Oil sources are

decreasing

Environmental

concerns

Uncertainty of oil prices

Policy for energy security


Introduction

4

Alternative feedstocks

Alternative fuels


Introduction

6


Introduction

5

Palm Oil and Empty Fruit Bunches

Colombia is the fifth producer of palm oil in the world and the fourth world producer of oil palm due to its favorable agro-ecological conditions. Oil from palm and all the supply chain

RESIDUES should be considered as potential sources of products having an economic potential.

ColombianRaw

materials


Introduction

7

Empty fruit bunches

Butanol Hydrogen Biogas

Palm oil

BiodieselEthanolC1 to C2

Second generation feedstockFirst generation feedstock


Methodology

8

Extractives content

NREL/TP-510-42619

Ash contentNREL/TP-510-

42622

Holocellulose content

ASTM Standard D1104

Lignin contentmodified version of

TAPPI T222 acid-insoluble lignin in

wood and pulp

Raw Material Characterization Methods and Simulation Procedure

• Calculated using Aspen Process

Economic Analyzerat the Colombian

conditions

Economic Analysis

• Generated in Aspen Plus V8.0

(AspenTech) after flowsheet modelling

Mass and Energy Balances

• Process synthesis. knowledge-based

approach (Hierarchy, sequence and

integration concepts)

Methodological Approach


Methodology

9

Description of Technologies

Butanol(1) Enzymatic hydrolysis

of cellulose, (2) ABE fermentation of glucose

using Clostridium beijerinckii

Hydrogen(1) Enzymatic hydrolysis

of cellulose, (2) Dark fermentation of glucose

using Anaerobic Digestion Model (ADM1)

Biogas Remaining material

submitted to anaerobic digestion

Empty fruit bunches

Palm oilBiodiesel

Transesterificationreaction with methanol and catalyzed by NaOH

Ethanol Glycerol as residue of

biodiesel production by fermentation using Escherichia coli


Methodology

10

Process Simulation Description


Results and Discussion

11

Experimental Characterization EFB

Component Content (wt %)Cellulose 13.75±0.44Hemicellulose 12.79±0.40Lignin 7.79±0.08Ash 0.63±0.04Moisture 65.04±1.80



12

stand-alone biorefinery

Product YieldHydrogen 0.008 kg/kg EFB

Butanol 0.027 kg/kg EFB

Biogas 0.018 kg/kg EFB

Biodiesel 1.14 kg/kg palm oil*

Ethanol 0.31 kg/kg palm oil

Product YieldHydrogen 0.003 kg/kg EFB

Butanol 0.04 kg/kg sugars

Biogas 0.3 kg/kg EFB

Biodiesel 1.007 kg/kg palm oil*

Ethanol 0.27 kg/kg palm oil

*change for methanol or Ethanol

*Methanol



13

Economic Analysis

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

60,00

70,00

Shar

e (%

)

HydrogenButanolBiogasBiodieselEthanol



14

Economic Analysis of the biorefinery

-2,50E+07

-2,00E+07

-1,50E+07

-1,00E+07

-5,00E+06

0,00E+00

5,00E+06

1,00E+07

1,50E+07

0 2 4 6 8 10

NPV

Year

NPV (M. USD/year): 96.54

Payout Period (Years): 6.83

Production costs

Product Value Unit

Biodiesel 0.74 USD/kg

Hydrogen 1.35 USD/kg

Biogas 0.76 USD/kg

Butanol 1.41 USD/kg

Ethanol 0.56 USD/kg


Conclusions

15

According to the results, a biorefinery to produce different energy carriers is seen as a clear idea for the integral utilization of raw materials such as EFB from biodiesel supply chain for the production of

biofuels.

The use of biomass as raw materials for bioenergy and biochemical production is encouraged by a reduction of fossil CO2 emissions, the need for a secure energy supply, and a revitalization of rural areas.

A key driver for the development and implementation of energy biorefineries is the growth in demand for energy and fuels.

The stand-alone option is weak when comparing it to a biorefinery that produces different energy carriers by the integral utilization of raw materials such as palm for the production of bioenergy.


Acknowledgments

16

The authors express their acknowledgments to the Universidad Nacional de Colombia at Manizales andresearch group on Procesos Químicos, Catalíticos y Biotecnológicos.

The authors express their acknowledgments to the Programa Nacional de Apoyo a Estudiantes dePosgrado para el Fortalecimiento de la Investigación, Creación e Innovación de la UniversidadNacional de Colombia 2013-2015.

The authors express their acknowledgments to the Convocatoria Nacional Jóvenes Investigadores eInnovadores 645 año 2014 of Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación -Colciencias-.

R. Borja, a. Martín, E. Sánchez, B. Rincón, and F. Raposo, “Kinetic modelling of the hydrolysis, acidogenic andmethanogenic steps in the anaerobic digestion of two-phase olive pomace (TPOP),” Process Biochem., vol.40, no. 5, pp. 1841–1847, Apr. 2005.

R. Maria, D. B. Alves, C. Augusto, J. F. O. Granjo, B. P. D. Duarte, and M. C. Oliveira, Kinetic Models for theHomogeneous Alkaline and Acid Catalysis in Biodiesel Production, vol. 27, no. 1999. Elsevier Inc., 2009, pp.483–488.

V. Gadhamshetty, Y. Arudchelvam, N. Nirmalakhandan, and D. C. Johnson, “Modeling dark fermentation forbiohydrogen production: ADM1-based model vs. Gompertz model,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 35, no. 2, pp.479–490, Jan. 2010.

N. Chaudhary, M. O. Ngadi, B. K. Simpson, and L. S. Kassama, “Biosynthesis of Ethanol and Hydrogen byGlycerol Fermentation Using Escherichia coli,” vol. 2011, no. July, pp. 83–89, 2011.

L. E. Rincón, J. Moncada, and C. A. Cardona, “Analysis of potential technological schemes for the developmentof oil palm industry in Colombia: A biorefinery point of view,” Ind. Crops Prod., vol. 52, pp. 457–465, Jan. 2014.

L. E. Rincón, V. Hernández, and C. A. Cardona, “Analysis of technological schemes for the efficient production ofadded-value products from Colombian oleochemical feedstocks,” Process Biochem., vol. 49, no. 3, pp.474–489, Mar. 2014.

F. Cherubini, “The biorefinery concept: Using biomass instead of oil for producing energy and chemicals,” EnergyConvers. Manag., vol. 51, no. 7, pp. 1412–1421, Jul. 2010.


References

17

Grupo de Investigación Procesos Químicos, Catalíticos y BiotecnológicosUniversidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales 18

Thank you for your attention

Carlos A. García V., Valentina Aristizábal M., Carlos A. Cardona A. Instituto de Biotecnología y Agroindustria, Departamento de Ingeniería Química

Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]




Documents

Stand-alone and Biorefinery ways to produce bioenergy from ...uest.ntua.gr/tinos2015/proceedings/pdfs/Carlos_Garcia_et_al_pres.pdfNacional de Colombia 2013-2015. The authors express