Standardbred - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

7/25/2019 Standardbred - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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Standardbred

The Standardbred is best known as a harnes

breed.

Distinguishing

features

Well-muscled, long body, sl

heavier than a Thoroughbre

legs and powerful shoulders

hindquarters; able to trot or

speed for racing.

Alternative

names

Trotter

Pacer

Country of

origin

United States

Common

nicknames

STB

Breed standards

UnitedStates

Trotting

Association

Breed standards

(http://www.ustrotting.com)

Equus ferus caballus

tandardbredm Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Standardbredis an American horse breed best-known

ts abilityin harness racing, where members of the breed

mpete at either a trot or pace. Developed in NorthAmerica,

breed can trace its bloodlines to 18th-century England.

Standardbred is recognized worldwide. They are solid,

l-built horses with good dispositions. In addition toness racing, the Standardbred is used for a variety of

estrian activities including horse shows and pleasure

ng particularly in the midwestern and eastern United

es, and southern Ontario.

ontents

1 History

2 Characteristics3 Uses

3.1 Harness racing

3.2 Other uses

4 References

5 Sources

6 External links

story

he 17th century, the first trotting races were held in theericas, usually in fields on horses under saddle. However, by the mid-18th century, trotting races wer

official courses, with the horses in harness. Breeds that have contributed foundation stock to the

ndardbred breedincluded the Narragansett Pacer, Canadian Pacer, Thoroughbred, Norfolk Trotter, H

Morgan.

foundation bloodlines of the Standardbred trace to a Thoroughbred foaled in England in 1780 name

ssenger.[1]He was a gray stallion imported to the United States in 1788. He sired a number of flat rac

es, but was best known for his great-grandson, Hambletonian 10, also known as Rysdyk's Hambleto

ed in 1849 and considered the foundation sire of the breed and from whom all Standardbreds descen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-IMH-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stallionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_bloodstockhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_bloodstockhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbredhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_horsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narragansett_Pacerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Pacerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_harnesshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Sourceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Harness_racinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Useshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleasure_ridinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trot_(horse_gait)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacing_(horse_gait)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_breedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_bloodstockhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hambletonian_10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbred_horse_racehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stallionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-IMH-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbredhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_bloodstockhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_horsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackney_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Trotterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbredhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Pacerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narragansett_Pacerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_harnesshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#External_linkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Sourceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Useshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Other_useshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Harness_racinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Characteristicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#Historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Ontariohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwestern_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleasure_ridinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_showhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equestrianismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacing_(horse_gait)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trot_(horse_gait)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harness_racinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_breedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsehttp://www.ustrotting.com/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meaulnes_du_Corta.jpg


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mbletonian 10

Dan Patch, significant Standar

pacing sire, circa1900

The Standardbred is heavier in

than the Thoroughbred, but sti

shows quality and refinement

Hambletonian 10 was out of a dam with Norfolk Trotter breedin

the mare and foal were purchased by William Rysdyk, a farm ha

New York state, who successfully raced the colt as a three-year-o

against other horses. The horse went on to sire 1,331 offspring, 4

whom trotted a mile in under 2 minutes 30 seconds.[3]

Another influential sire was the Thoroughbred Diomed, born in

When the sport started to gain popularity, more selective breedin

done to produce the faster harness trotter.

The Standardbred breed registry

was formed in United States in

1879 by the National Association

rotting Horse Breeders.[3]The name arose due to the "standard"

uired of breeding stock, to be able to trot or pace a mile within a

ain time limit.[1]Every Standardbred had to be able to trot a mile in

than two minutes and 30 seconds.[4]Today, many Standardbreds are

er than this original standard,[5]

with several pacing the mile within 1, 50 sec, and trotters only a few seconds slower than pacers. Slightly

erent bloodlines are found in trotters than in pacers, though both can

e their heritage back to Hambletonian 10.

haracteristics

ndardbreds tend to be more muscled and longer bodied than the

roughbred. They also are of more placid dispositions, as suits horses

ose races involve more strategy and more changes of speed than doroughbred races. Standardbreds are considered people-oriented,

y-to-train horses.

y are generally a bit heavier in build than Thoroughbreds, but have

ned, solid legs and powerful shoulders and hindquarters.

ndardbreds have a wide range of heights, from 14 to 17 hands (56 to

nches, 142 to 173 cm), although most are between 15 and 16 hands

and 64 inches, 152 and 163 cm).[6]They are most often bay, brown

lack,[1]although other colors such as chestnut are seen. Gray andn are also found.[6]

Standardbred typically weighs between 800 and 1,000 pounds (360

450 kg).[1]Their heads are refined and straight with broad foreheads, large nostrils, and shallow mo

typical Standardbred body is long, with the withers being well defined, with strong shoulders and th

cles being long and heavy, which helps with the long strides. The neck of the Standardbred is muscu

uld be slightly arched, with a length of medium to long. Their legs are muscular and solid, with gene

y tough and durable hooves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-IMH-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-Lynghaug322-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roan_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_(coat)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_coat_colorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-IMH-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_brown_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-Lynghaug322-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_(unit)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_(unit)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbredhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-IMH-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-Golden-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breed_registryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diomedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-Golden-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Trotterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standardbred_Hunter.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Patchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Danpatch1.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hambletonian10.jpg


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vidual Standardbreds tend to either trot or pace. Trotters' preferred racing gait is the trot, where the h

move in diagonal pairs; when the right foreleg moves forward, so does the left hind leg, and vice ve

e is a two-beat lateral gait; pacers' forelegs move in unison with the hind legs on the same side. How

ed also is able to perform other horse gaits, including the canter, though this gait is penalized in harn

ng.[1]

breed's trotting and pacing ability is linked to a single-point mutation in geneDMRT3, which is exp

he I6 subdivision of spinal cord neurons; this area is responsible for coordinating the locomotor netw

trolling limb movements. The point mutation causes early termination of the gene by coding for a sto

on, thus altering the function of this transcription factor.[7]

es

rness racing

ndardbreds are known for their skill in harness racing, being the fastest trotting horses in the world. B

heir speed, Standardbreds are often used to upgrade other breeds of harness racers around the world,

Orlov Trotter and French Trotter.

Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, races are held for both

pacers. In continental Europe, all harness races are conducted between trotters. Major races for Nort

erican trotters include the Peter Haughton Memorial for two-year-olds, and the World Trotting Derby

kers Trot, Hambletonian, and Kentucky Futurity for three-year-olds. The Hambletonian is sometime

rred to as the "Kentucky Derby of Harness Racing". The Trotting Triple Crown is made up of the Yo

t, Hambletonian Stakes, and Kentucky Futurity.

me of the major pacing races in North America include the Woodrow Wilson and Metro Stake for two

, and the Little Brown Jug, Meadowlands Pace, North America Cup and the Adios Pace for three-yeLittle Brown Jug, the Messenger Stakes, and the Cane Pace comprise the Pacing Triple Crown. Maj

Australia and New Zealand include the New Zealand Trotting Cup, the Miracle Mile and the Inter Do

es.

968, New Zealand-bred Cardigan Bay became the first Standardbred horse ever to win US$1 million

ninth horse to do so worldwide (the first eight were Thoroughbreds). He was popular in the United S

appeared with Stanley Dancer on The Ed Sullivan Show as the "million dollar horse".[8]

her uses

ndardbreds are also used in horse shows and for pleasure riding. They are also popular as light buggy

he Amish people, who eschew motorized vehicles. Many retired Standardbreds find a second career

k with the help of organizations such as the Standardbred Pleasure Horse Organization.

breed is quite good at jumping, making them suitable for the sport horse disciplines of hunt seat, sho

ping, show hunter, and eventing. The breed is also seen in dressage, and their excellent temperamen

m good trail riding and ranch horses.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trail_ridinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dressagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eventinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Show_hunterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Show_jumpinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunt_seathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_horsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleasure_ridinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_showhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Showhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Dancerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US$https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardigan_Bay_(horse)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter_Dominionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle_Mile_(race)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_Trotting_Cuphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Harness_Racing_for_Pacershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cane_Pacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_Stakeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adios_Pace&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America_Cuphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadowlands_Pacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Brown_Jug_(horse_racing)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Harness_Racing_for_Trottershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky_Futurityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hambletonian_Stakeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yonkers_Trothttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_Trotting_Derby&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Trotterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlov_Trotterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-Nature-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_factorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_codonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_mutationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardbred#cite_note-IMH-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacing_(horse_gait)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_gait


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ndardbred performingssage.

ndardbred pulling an Amish

ggy.

In addition, because of the genetics of the breed, they can also be

encouraged and trained to perform smooth ambling gaits, notably th

and the stepping pace. The number of gaited Standardbreds is steadi

growing in the United States, with some stud farms dedicated to bre

individuals with this characteristic. Standardbreds are also gaining

popularity in Australia as endurance horses, from the 20 km social r

40 km training rides, up to the 80 km endurance rides. They are kno

their strong and dense bones, suitable conformation and ability to m

high trotting speeds for extended periods of time comfortably. The k

manageable temperament of the breed also contributes to its populaThese features are especially attractive to riders who do not wish to

competitive against the purpose-bred Arabian horses, which are ofte

difficult and competitive to ride.

References

1. "Standardbred". International Museum of the Horse. Retrieved 2014-0

2. "Messenger". Thoroughbred Heritage. Retrieved 2014-06-24.

3. "The Golden Age of the Trotting Horse". International Museum of theRetrieved 2014-06-24.

4. The Stallion Place

(http://www.thestallionplace.com/breed_info/standardbreds.htm) Retri

2010-2-8

5. "A Day Trip For Sir Taurus". Standardbred Canada. 2014-06-19. Retri

2014-06-24.

6. Lynghaug, Official Horse Breed Standards Guidep. 322

7. Andersson, Lisa; Larhammar (29 August 2012). "Mutations in DMRT

locomotion in horses and spinal circuit function in mice".Nature488

642646. doi:10.1038/nature11399.

8. "Inter Dominon A Brief History". Harness.org.au. Retrieved 2014-0
http://www.harness.org.au/inter/history.htmhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature11399https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v488/n7413/full/nature11399.htmlhttp://www.standardbredcanada.ca/notices/6-19-14/day-trip-sir-taurus.htmlhttp://www.thestallionplace.com/breed_info/standardbreds.htmhttp://www.imh.org/exhibits/online/golden-age-trotting-horsehttp://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Messenger.htmlhttp://www.imh.org/exhibits/online/standardbredhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dressagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Standardbred.png


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urces

Lynghaug, Fran (2009). The Official Horse Breeds Standards Book: The Complete Guide to the Stof all North American Equine Breed Associations. Minneapolis, MN: Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-0

3499-7.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-3499-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number


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egories: Horse breeds Horse breeds originating in the United States Standardbreds

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Standardbred - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia