State: BIHAR Agriculture Contingency Plan for District ...Seeds from RAU, Pusa, NSC, TDC, BRBN etc. 2. Medium land Rice -Wheat Rice -Wheat Medium duration Rice Rice: Rajendra Bhagawati,

1

State: BIHAR

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: DARBHANGA

1.0 District Agriculture profile

1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Eastern Plain, Hot Subhumid (moist) Eco-Region (13.1)

Agro-Climatic Zone (PlanningCommission)

MIDDLE GANGETIC PLAIN REGION (IV)

Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) NORTH WEST ALLUVIAL PLAIN ZONE (BI-1)List all the districts falling under theNARP Zone*(*>50% area falling in the zone)

Zone – 1 (Saran, Siwan, Goplaganj, Muzaffarpur, E. Champaran, W.. Champaran, Sitamarhi, Sheohar,Vaishali, Darbhanga , Madhubani, Samastipur

Geographic coordinates of districtheadquarters

Latitude Longitude Altitude

260 14’ N 850 44’ E 48 m

Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS

Regional Research Sub-station, Biroul

Mention the KVK located in the districtwith address

KVK, Jale, Darbhanga

Name and address of the nearest AgrometField Unit (AMFU, IMD) for agro-advisories in the Zone

Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur

1.2 Rainfall (Zone-I) Normal RF(mm) Normal Rainy days(number)

Normal Onset( specify week andmonth)

Normal Cessation(specify week andmonth)

SW monsoon (June-Sep) 1107 45 3rd week of June 2nd week of OctoberNE Monsoon(Oct-Dec)/ Post Monsoon 19.3 03Winter (Jan- March) 29.6 03 - -

2

Summer (Apr-May) 78.2 04 - -

Annual 1234.1 55 - -

1.3 Land usepattern of thedistrict (lateststatistics)

Geographicalarea

Cultivablearea

Forestarea

Land undernon-agricultural use

Permanentpastures

Cultivablewasteland

LandunderMisc.treecropsandgroves

Barren anduncultivableland

Currentfallows

Otherfallows

Area (‘000 ha) 254.072 172.000 - 21.400 24.000 23.500. - - 7.500

1. 4 Major Soils Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total

1. Very deep, calcareous fine loamy, Not available Not available2. Very deep, loamy surface texture Not available Not available

1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 172.000 148%Area sown more than once -Gross cropped area 254.000

1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)

Net irrigated area 79.000Gross irrigated area 102.000Rainfed area 93.000

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated areaCanals 1.054 -Tanks - -

3

1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture (as per latest figures) (Specify year 2008-09)

1.7 Major field cropscultivated

Area (‘000 ha)

Kharif Rabi

Irrigated Rainfed Total Irrigated Rainfed Total SummerGrandtotal

Rice - - 102.000 - - - - 102.000

Wheat - - - - - 57.000 - 57.000

Maize - - - - - 15.000 - 15.000

Mustard/ Toria - - - - - 0.644 0.644

Open wells - 4.883 -Bore wells - 74.281 -Lift irrigation schemes - - -Micro-irrigation - -Other sources (please specify) - - -Total Irrigated Area 79.000Pump sets 1240No. of Tractors 2745

Groundwater availability and use* (Datasource: State/Central Ground waterDepartment /Board)

No. of blocks/Tehsils

(%) area Quality of water (specify the problemsuch as high levels of arsenic, fluoride,saline etc)

Over exploited - - -Critical - - -Semi- critical - - -Safe 16 100% Arsenic- 0-0.4ppm or 0-400 ppbWastewater availability and use - -Ground water quality -

*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%

4

Greengram - - - - - 2.187 2.187

Lentil - - - - - 1.573 - 1.573

Horticulture crops -Fruits

Area (‘000 ha)

Total Irrigated Rainfed

Mango 12.896 - -

Litchi 0.818 - -

Guava 0.608 - -

Banana 1.751 - -

Papaya 0.046 - -

Aonla 0.028 - -

Horticulture crops -Vegetables


Potato 7.526 - -

Sponge Gourd 2.084 - -

Tomato 1.469 - -

Cauliflower 1.584 - -

Cabbage 1.639 - -

Brinjal 2.422 - -

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Bhendi 1.688 - -

Medicinal andAromatic crops


Plantation crops Total Irrigated Rainfed

Eg., industrialpulpwood crops etc.

Fodder crops Total Irrigated Rainfed

Total fodder croparea

- - -

Grazing land - - -

Sericulture etc - - -

1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 101.630 110.389 212.019Improved cattle - - -Crossbred cattle 2.985 10.932 13.917Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) - - -Descript Buffaloes 16.700 159.066 175.766Goat 58.207 153.538 211.745Sheep 0.341 0.427 0.768Camel, Pig, Yak etc. - - -Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘000)Commercial - 29.686Backyard - 201.061

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1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture

i) Marine (Data Source:Fisheries Department)

Bihar is a land locked state andonly inland fisheries resourcesare available

No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storagefacilities (Iceplants etc.)Mechanized Non-

mechanizedMechanized(Trawl nets,

Gill nets)

Non-mechanized(Shore Seines, Stake &

trap nets)

ii) Inland (Data Source:Fisheries Department)

No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

2301 3924 1623

B. Culture

Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)

i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/ Fisheries Department) - - -

ii) Fresh water (Data Source: Fisheries Department) 4144.00 3.2 7.955

Others - - -

1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops (Average of last 5 years: 2004, 05, 06, 07, 08)

1.11 Name of crop Kharif Rabi Summer Total Cropresidue as

fodder(‘000tons)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

Rice 224.000 2200 - - - - - -

Wheat - - 138.330 2426 - - - - -

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Maize - - 45.300 032 - - - - -

Mustard/Toria -- - 4.005 6218 - - - - -

Greengram - - - - 13.125 600.1 - -Lentil - - 11.325 7.2 - - - - -

Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)Mango - - - - -- - 114.025 - -Guava - - - - - - 4.980 - -Banana - - - - - - 74.362 - -Litchi - - - - - - 5.768 - -Lemon - - - - - - 5.577 - -

1.12 Sowing window for 5 majorfield crops(start and end of normalsowing period)

Rice wheat Maize Lentil Potato

Kharif- Rainfed - - - - -Kharif-Irrigated 3rd week of May to 4th

week of June- - - -

Rabi- Rainfed - - - - -Rabi-Irrigated - 2nd week of November

to 2nd week ofDecember

3rd week of Octoberto 2nd week of

November

3rd week ofOctober to 2nd

week of November

4th week of Octoberto 2nd week ofNovember

1.13 What is the major contingency the district is prone to? (Tick mark) Regular Occasional None

Drought

Flood Cyclone

Hail storm

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Heat wave

Cold wave

Frost

Sea water intrusion

Pests and disease outbreak

1.14 Include Digital maps ofthe district for

Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes

Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: No

Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: YES

Annexure I

Agro climatic Zones of Bihar

9

10

Annexure-II

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Rain

fall

(mm

)

Darbhanga

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Annexure-III

Source : NBSS& LUP, Regional Centre, Kolkata

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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies

2.1 Drought

2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly season

drought(delayed onset)

Major Farmingsituation

Normal Crop /Cropping system

Change in crop /cropping systemincluding variety

Agronomic measures Remarks on Implementation

Delay by 2weeks

1st week of July

1. up landVery deep,calcareous fineloamy, loamysurface texture

1.Rice -Wheat2.Pigeonpea-Greengram

1.Early Rice – Wheat2.Pigeonpea – Greengram

Greengram: Pusa Bashaki,SML- 668, PDM-44, T-44Rice: Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta,SarojPigeonpea : Bahar, Pusa-9

Narendra , Arhar-1Wheat: HD-2733, PBW-343, HP-1731

Normal package ofPractices

Direct seeding of ricecan be done

Seeds from RAU, Pusa, NSC, TDC,BRBN etc.

2. Medium land Rice - Wheat Rice -WheatMedium duration RiceRice: RajendraBhagawati,Rajendra Suwasni,Rajshree, Prabhat

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-443, HP-1731



Seeds from RAU, Pusa, NSC, TDC ,BRBN etc..

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3. Low land Rice– Wheat

Makhana (in ponds)

Rice– Wheat

Medium to long duration

Rice: Rajshree, Santosh ,Sita Rajendra, Suwasni,Rajendra SwetaWheat: HD-2733, PBW-443, HP-1731



Seeds from RAU, Pusa, NSC, TDC ,BRBN etc..

ConditionSuggested Contingency measures

Early seasondrought(delayed onset)


Normal Crop/croppingsystem

Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 4weeks

3rd week ofJuly

Very deep,calcareous fineloamy, loamysurface texture

Rice- WheatPigeonpea – Greengram

Greengram : PusaBashaki, SML-668,PDM-44, T-44

Rice: Prabhat,Dhanlaxmi,Richharia,Rajendra ,

Bhagwati,Saroj

Pigeonpea: Bahar, Pusa-9, Narendra, Arhar-IWheat: HD-2733,

Short duration Rice-Wheat

Rice: Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, TurantaSaroj

Wheat: HD-2733, PBW- 343, HP-1731

Normal seedling of ricecan be used with adequateNPK

Old age 30-35 daysseedlings of early ricevariety may also be used

20 days Dapog seedlingcan be used in rice

Direct seeding of rice

Seeds from RAU,Pusa, NSC, TDC ,BRBN etc.

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PBW- 343, HP-1731

2 Medium land Rice – Wheat

Rice : RajendraBhagawati,Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat

Wheat: HD-2733, PBW-343, HP-1731

Rice-Wheat

Mid duration Rice up to 125-130 days

Rice : Rajendra Bhagawati,Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat,

Application of Potash


3. Low land Rice – Wheat

Makhana (in ponds)Var. local

Rice: Rajshree, Santosh ,Sita, Rajendra Suwasni,

Rajendra SwetaWheat: HD-2733,PBW- 343, HP-1731

No change in crop

130-140 days long duration variety shouldbe selected

Rice: Rajshree, Santosh , SitaRajendra Suwasni,Rajendra Sweta

Old age rice seedling of40-45 days may be usedwith 3-4 seedling perhill with close spacing


Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (delayed

Major Farmingsituationa

Normal Crop/cropping systemb Change in crop/cropping systemc Agronomic measuresd Remarks onImplementatione

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onset)Delay by 6 weeks

4th week of July

Scarce rainfallshallow red soils


Rice-Wheat

Pigeonpea- Greengram

Rice: Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, TurantaSaroj

,Wheat: HD-2733, PBW-343,

HP-1731Pigeonpea: Bahar, Pusa-9

NarendraArhar-I

Greengram: Pusa Baishakhi,SML- 668,

PDM-44, T-44

Early Rice – Wheat

Blackgram/ Horsegram-WheatBlackgram: T-9, Navin, Pant

Moong-30 , PantMoong -19

Horsegram: DB-7, BR-5, BR-10,Coimbatore-1

Wheat: HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731

Rice: Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta,Saroj

Direct seedling Rice

Dapog seedling can beused

Application of Potasicfertilizer at adjuvantvegetative stage

Zero tillage for Rice &wheat to makeup the time

Protective spray ofpesticides with adjuvantagainst BLB & BLAST&Helmintho sporium leafspot.

Transplanting of old ageseedling of 30-35 days


2 Medium land Rice – Wheat

Rice - Rajendra Bhagawati,Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731

Rice (Short duration)-WhetBlackgram/ Horsegram-WheatBlackgram- T-9, Navin, Pant

Mung-30 , PantMung-19

Horsegram- DB-7, BR-5, BR-10,Coimbatore-1

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731

Enhanced basal dose ofNPK to boost the earlyvegetative growth

Application of Potasicfertilizer with adjuvant

Direct seedling of Rice

Use of 20 days old dapogseedling for rice

Protective spray ofpesticides with adjuvantagainst BLB & BLAST&Helminthosporium leafspot.


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3 Low land Rice-wheat-green gram (Moong) Rice (Short Duration)-WheatRice -VegetableRice- PulsesRice Oilseed

Rice- Rajshree, Santosh , SitaRajendra Suwasni,

Rajendra Sweta

Wheat - HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Oilseeds- 66-197-3, RajendraSarson-I

Dapog Nursery raised 20days old seedling shouldbe used for Rice

Zero tillage for Rice andwheat to make up thetime

Direct seeding Rice Application of Potassic

fertilizer at vegetativestage

Protective spray ofpesticides

Enhanced basal dose ofNPK

Seeds from RAU,Pusa, NSC, TDC ,BRBN etc

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (delayedonset)

Major Farmingsituationa

NormalCrop/croppingsystemb

Change in crop/cropping systemc Agronomic measuresd Remarks onImplementatione

Delay by 8 weeks

2nd week ofAugust


Rice-Wheat Blackgram/Horsegram - Rabi maizeBlackgram/Horsegram -Sep. PigeonpeaBlackgram/Horsegram -Late wheatBlackgram/Horsegram -vegetablesBlackgram/Horsegram -LentilBlackgram/Horsegram -PotatoBlackgram/Horsegram -Rai

Rai- Varuna Kranti, Pusa Bold,Rajendra Rai Pichheti

Blackgram- T-9, Navin, PantBlackgram-30 , PantBlackgram-19

Rabi Maize- Saktiman-1,2,3,4, Laxmi,Deoki, Rajendra Hybrid -1,2

Late Wheat – HUW-234, PBW-14,HP-1744, HD-2643

Enhanced basal dose of NPKto boost the early vegetativegrowth.

Moisture conservation

Interculturing Protective spray of pesticides


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Mustard- 66-197-3, Rajendra Sarson-IPotato – PJ376, Rajendra Aloo-1,2,3,

Kufri JyotiPigeonpea – Sharad, Pusa-9

Lentil- PL-406, Malika, Arun

Horsegram- DB-7, BR-5, BR-10,Coimbatore-1

2) Medium land Maize-WheatRice-Wheat

Sesame –Rabi maizeSesame-Late Wheat

Sesame – Krishna, PragatiRabi Maize- Saktiman-1,2,3,4,

Laxmi, Deoki,Rajendra Hybrid-1,2

Early Rice-Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta

Late Wheat –HUW-234, C-306,DBW-14,HP-1744,HD-2643

Zero for wheat to make upthe time

Spray of potassic fertilizerwith adjuvant in Rice atvegetative stage

Life saving irrigation to Ricenursery raised

Use of 20 days old Dapogseedling in Rice

Direct seeding of rice Enhanced basal dose of NPK

in rice to boost earlyvegetative growth

Protective spray of pesticideswith adjuvant against pest &disease

Application of organicmanure and vermicompostinitially for Rice and othercrops


Pigeonpea –Greengram

September Pigeonpea- Greengram

Greengram : Samrat, Pusa Vishal,SML 668, PDM-44,T-44

Sept.Pigeonpea: Pusa-9, SharadNarendra Arhar-I



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3) Low land Rice- Potato Rice-Potato

Rice-wheat

Rice- Rajshree, Santosh , SitaRajendra Suwasni,

Rajendra SwetaWheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,

HP-1731, HD-2824Potato – PJ376, Rajendra Aloo-

1,2,3, Kufri Jyoti



Rice-wheat-greengram

Sept. Pigeonpea- Greengram

Sesame-Rabi maize

Pigeonpea – Bahar, Pusa-9Narendra Arhar-I

Rabi Maize - Saktiman-1,2,3,4,Laxmi, Deoki,Rajendra Hybrid –1,2

Greengram– Samrat, Pusa Vishal,SML 668,

Sesame – Krishna, Pragati

Normal practices for sesame,Pigeonpea


Sugarcane (Feb. andOct. Planting)

Sugarcane – BO141, BO 147, BO136, BO91

No change Weeding Interculturing Life saving irrigation Fertizer, Pesticides application,

propping etc.

Seeds from RAU,Pusa,

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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (Normalonset)


Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & moistureconservation measues

Remarks onImplementation

Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20days dry spellafter sowingleading to poorgermination/cropstand etc.

1st week of July


Rice-Wheat

Rice- Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta,Saroj

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW 343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Life saving irrigation Gap filling of existing

crop Thinning

Application of potash Inter culturing Mulching through

mechanical weeding formoisture conservation

Conservation tillage Inter culturing Protective spray of

pesticides with adjuvantagainst Pesticides anddisease


Medium land Maize-wheat

Maize - Shaktiman-1,2,3,4,Suwan, Ganga-11,Deoki, Pusa earlyhybrid Maka-3

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Life saving irrigation Gap filling

Application of potash Inter culturing Mulching through weeds

for moisture conservation Conservation tillage Inter culturing Protective spray of

pesticides with adjuvantagainst Pesticides anddisease


Pigeonpea-Greengram

Pigeonpea – Bahar, Pusa-9NarendraArhar-I

Greengram – Samrat, Pusa

Vishal, SML 668,

Pre sowing irrigation higher seed rate Gap filling

Application of potash mustat final land preparation

Inter culturing Mulching through weeds

for moisture conservation Conservation tillage Inter culturing Spray potassic fertilizer

with adjuvant at vegetativestage

Protective spray ofpesticides with adjuvant


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against Pesticides anddisease

Low land Rice-wheat-green gram

Rice- Rajshree, Santosh ,Sita, Rajendra Suwasni,

Rajendra SwetaWheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,

HP-1731, HD-2824Green Gram- SML-6-68, Pusa

Vishal, Samarat

Life saving irrigation Gap filling through

Dapog nursery

Application of potash mustat final land preparation

Inter culturing Mulching through weeds

for moisture conservation Conservation tillage Inter culturing Spray potassic fertilizer

with adjuvant at vegetativestage

Protective spray ofpesticides with adjuvantagainst Pesticides anddisease


Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid season drought(long dry spell,consecutive 2 weeksrainless (>2.5 mm)period)


Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & moistureconservation measures


At vegetative stage Very deep, calcareousfine loamy, loamysurface texture

Rice-PotatoRice –Wheat

Rice- Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta,Saroj

Potato – PJ376, RajendraAloo-1,2,3, KufriJyoti

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Gap filling of existing crop Postponement of top

dressing Protective spray of

pesticides with adjuvantagainst BLB, BLAST &Helmintho sporium leaf spot

Inter culturing Mulching through weeds, Conservation tillage Life saving irrigation Spray of potassic

fertilizer with adjuvant Spray (1%) Urea on the

crops

Seeds from RAU,Pusa, NSC, TDC, BRBN etc

Pigeonpea(Arhar)-Greengram Seeds from RAU,

21

Pigeonpea – Bahar, Pusa-9Narendra Arhar-I

Greengram – Samrat, PusaVishal, SML 668,PDM-44, T-44

Pusa, NSC, TDC, BRBN etc

Medium land Rice-wheat-green gramRice- - Rajendra Bhagawati,

Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Greengram- SML-6-68, PusaVishal, Samarat

Gap filling of existing crop Postponement of top

dressing Protective spray of

pesticides with adjuvantagainst BLB, BLAST &Helmintho sporium leafspot

Inter culturing Mulching through weeds, Conservation tillage Life saving irrigation Spray of potassic

fertilizer with adjuvant Spray (1%) Urea on the

crops

Seeds from RAU,Pusa, NSC, TDC, BRBN etc

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (longdry spell)


Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & moistureconservation measues


At flowering/fruiting stage

Up land Rice-WheatVegetable – Wheat

Rice-Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi, Richharia,Turanta, Saroj

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343, HP-1731,HD-2824

IPM practices Spray of pesticides with

spreader

Inter culturing Mulching through weeds Conservation tillage Life saving irrigation Spray of potassic fertilizer

with adjuvant

Seeds fromRAU, Pusa,NSC, TDC ,BRBN etc

Medium land Maize-wheatMaize - Shaktiman-1,2,3,4 Suwan,

Ganga-11, Deoki, Pusa earlyhybrid Maka-3

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-282

IPM practices Clipping of maize leaves Spray of pesticides with

spreader

Inter culturing Mulching through weeds Conservation tillage Life saving irrigation Spray of potash and

nitrogen fertilizer withadjuvant


Redgram (Arhar)-GreengramVar. Bahar, Narendra Arhar-1

If Rice crop withers & getsdamaged Black

Inter culturing, mulchingthrough weeds

Seeds fromRAU, Pusa,

22

gram/Sesame-Wheat shouldbe followed

IPM practices Clipping of maize leaves Spray of pesticides with

spreader

Life saving irrigation Conservation tillage Spray of potassic fertilizer

with adjuvant

NSC, TDC ,BRBN etc

Low land Rice-wheat-green gram


Rajendra SwetaWheat- HD-2733, PBW-343

HP-1731, HD-2824Greengram- SML-6-68, Pusa Vishal,

Samarat

IPM practice Inter culturing Mulching through weeds Life saving irrigation Conservation tillage Spray of potassic fertilizer

with adjuvant,


Condition Suggested Contingency measuresTerminal drought(Early withdrawalof monsoon)


Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Rabi Crop planning Remarks onImplementation


Rice-Wheat

Rice-Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta ,Saroj

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Spray of potassic fertilizerwith adjuvant

IPM practices Life saving irrigation Mulching Thinning Clipping of leaves in maize

Open the furrow during eveningand left furrow open overnight andplank in the next morning beforesunrise for growing of early rabicrops like wheat, RabiMaize/Pulses /Oilseeds/Vegetables

Stored water to be used at criticalstage of growth

To clean irrigation channel forpreventing loss of moisturethrough seepage


Medium land Maize-wheat

Maize - Shaktiman-1,2,3,4,

Open the furrow during eveningand left furrow open overnight andplank in the next morning beforesunrise for growing of early rabi


23

Suwan, Ganga-11,Deoki, Pusa earlyhybrid Maka-3

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

crops like wheat, RabiMaize/Pulses /Oilseeds/Vegetables



Redgram (Arhar)

Var. Bahar, Narendra Arhar-1





Low land Rice-wheat-Greengram


Rajendra SwetaWheat- HD-2733, PBW-343, HP-1731, HD-2824

Greengram- SML-6-68,Pusa Vishal, Samarat





2.1.2 Drought - Irrigated situation

24

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituation


Change in crop/croppingsystem

Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delayed release ofwater in canals dueto low rainfall

Tankfed mediumdeep black soils

Not applicable



Change in crop/croppingsystemh

Agronomic measuresi Remarks onImplementation

Limited release ofwater in canals dueto low rainfall


Not applicable

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituationf


Change in crop/croppingsystem

Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset of monsoonin catchment


Not applicable


Normal Crop/cropping syste Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset of

Upland Rice-Wheat/Oilseeds /Pulses/

Short duration of rice –pigeonpeaBlackgramsesame

Dapog nursery forrice

Direct seedling ofrice


25



monsoon Rabi maize/Blackgram /SesameRice-Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,

Richharia, Turanta,Saroj


Sesame- KrishnaPragati


Rice-Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta,Saroj



Blackgram- T-9, Navin, PantMung-30 , PantMung -19

Life savingirrigation

Spray of potassicfertilizer withadjuvant

Mulching Application of

organic manure andvermicompost

Medium Land Rice-Wheat/Oilseeds /Pulses/Rabi maize/

Rice- - Rajendra Bhagawati,Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Rabi Maize-Saktiman-1,2,3,4, Laxmi,Deoki, RajendraHybrid -1,2

Short duration of rice Pigeonpea-Greengram/Blackgram-Wheat /Sesame –Wheat

Rice- Rajendra Bhagawati,Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat




Greengram – Samrat, Pusa


26



Vishal, SML 668,PDM-44, T-44

Low land Rice-Wheat/OilseedS/Pulses



Rajendra SwetaMustard- 66-197-3, Rajendra

Sarson-I

Short duration Rice-Wheat /Lentil/Mustard/Linseed



Sarson-I

Lentil- PL-406, Malika,Arun

Linseed- Shubra, Garima,Sweta



Normal Crop/cropping systemg Change in crop/cropping systemh Agronomic measuresi Remarks onImplementationj

Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due tolow rainfall

Upland Rice-Wheat/Oilseeds/Pulses/Rabi maize

Short duration of Rice- Wheat/Pigeonpea/Blackgram/sesame

Rice-Prabhat, Dhanlaxmi,Richharia, Turanta,Saroj

Pigeonpea – Bahar, Pusa-9

Dapog nursery for rice Direct seedling of rice Life saving irrigation Spray of potassic

fertilizer with adjuvant Mulching Application of organic

manure andvermicompost


27



NarendraArhar-I

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Sesame- Krishna PragatiBlackgram- T-9, Navin, Pant

Mung-30 , PantMung -19

Any othercondition (specify)

Medium Land Rice-Wheat/Oilseeds/Pulses/Maize

Rice- Rajendra Bhagawati,Saroj, RajendraSuwasni, Santosh,R. Kasturi, Sita, Jaya

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Mustard- 66-197-3, RajendraSarson-I

Short duration of Rice- Pigeonpea/Blackgram/

Sesame

Rice- - Rajendra Bhagawati,Rajendra SuwasniRajshree, Prabhat

Pigeonpea - Pusa-9NarendraArhar-I

Rabi Maize- Saktiman-1,2,3,4,Laxmi, Deoki,

Rajendra Hybrid 1,2




Low land Rice-Wheat/Oilseeds /

Short duration Rice-Wheat/Lentil/Mustard/Linseed


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Pulses


Rice- Rajendra Bhagawati,Saroj, RajendraSuwasni, Santosh,R. Kasturi, Sita, Jaya

Wheat- HD-2733, PBW-343,HP-1731, HD-2824

Mustard- 66-197-3, RajendraSarson-I



Sarson-I

Lentil- PL-406, Malika,Arun

Linseed- Shubra, Garima,Sweta

2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Continuous high rainfall in a shortspan leading to water logging

Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest

Rice Drainage management Re transplanting throughDapog nursery if needed

Gap filling Re sowing through drum seeder

Drainage management Subsequently crop if

totally damaged i.e.Toria

Drainage management Subsequent crop if totally

damaged Harvest at physiological

maturity

Storage at saferplace

Maize Drainage management Gap filling Re sowing, if completely damaged

Drainage management Alternative maize or

other rabi crop if totallydamaged

Drainage management Subsequent if totally

damaged Harvest at physiological

maturity


Pigeonpea Drainage management Drainage management Drainage management Storage at safer

29

September sowing if Kharif Arharis completely damaged

Gap filling if needed

Alternative maize or otherrabi crop if totallydamaged

Subsequent if totallydamaged

Harvest at physiologicalmaturity

place

Vegetable Re sowing , if required

Replanting

Drainage management Drainage management Storage at saferplace

Horticulture

Mango Drainage management Replanting if completely damaged Gap filling

Drainage management Drenching with copperfungicides

Drainage management Harvesting at proper maturity

Litchi Drainage management

Replanting, ifcompletely damaged

Drainage management Drainage management

Spray and pasting of trunk

Drenching with copperfungicide

Banana Drainage management

Replanting, if completelydamaged



Papaya Drainage management

Replanting, if completelydamaged



Safe storage andtransportation

Heavy rainfall with high speed windsin a short span

Rice Drainage management Replanting if completely

damaged Gap filling if needed


damaged i.e. Toria


damaged


Maize Resowing If completely damaged Gap filling if needed Drainage management

Drainage management Alternative maize or other

crop if totally damaged


damaged


Pegeonpea Resowing If completely damaged Gap filling if needed Drainage management

Drainage management Alternative crop if totally

damaged

Drainage management Alternative crop if totally

damaged


30

vegetable Drainage management Gap filling



Horticulture

Mango Drainage management Replanting if substantially

damaged

Drainage management Drenching with copper

fungicides

Drainage management Harvest at proper time

Litchi Drainage management Gap filling



Banana Drainage management Replanting if substantially

damaged

Drainage management Staking


Guava Drainage management Replanting if substantially

damaged

Drainage management Drenching with copper

fungicides


Outbreak of pests and diseases due tounseasonal rains

Rice Seedling treatment withCarbendazin + Emidachloroprid

Spray of pesticides with adjuvant

Spray of specific pesticideswith adjuvant

Drainage management


Drainage management


Maize Application of granularinsecticides viz. Thimet 10g/Carbofuran 3g in whorl of maize


Drainage management


Drainage management


Pigeonpea Use of pesticides Spray of specific pesticideswith adjuvant

Drainage management


Drainage management


Vegetable Drainage management

Spraying of insecticide &fungicide


Drainage management


Drainage management

Safe storage &transportation

31

Horticulture

Mango Spray of pesticides with adjuvant Drainage management


Drainage management


Drainage management

Litchi Spray of pesticides with adjuvant Drainage management


Drainage management


Drainage management

Banana Spray of pesticides with adjuvant Drainage management


Drainage management


Drainage management

Guava Spray of pesticides with adjuvant Drainage management


Drainage management


Drainage management2.3 Floods

Condition Suggested contingency measure

Transient water logging/partial inundation1

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Water logging/Partial inundation Seedling/ Nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvestRice

For such situation var. likeSwarna-Sub-I & local var. ofDesaria Barogar etc. should betaken

Drainage management Re transplanting through

Dapog nursery ifcompletely damaged

Gap filling

Drainage management Alternative crops if totally

damaged Gap filling 40-45 days old seedlings may be

used Kharuhan (double transplanting)

Drainage management Harvest at physiological

maturity Lentil as paira crop can be taken

Storage at safer place

Maize Drainage management Re sowing if substantially

damaged Gap filling, if needed

Drainage management Alternative crops if totally

damaged like maize orsubsequent crop i.e. Toria


maturity


Pigeonpea Drainage management Re sowing if substantially

damaged

Drainage management Any rabi crop can e taken, if

completely damaged


maturity


32

Gap filling if neededHorticulture

Mango Replanting ifsubstantially damaged

Gap filling Drainage management

Drenching with copperfungicides

Drainage management


Drainage management

Judicious harvesting

Litchi Gap filling Replanting if

substantially damaged Drainage management


Drainage management


Drainage management

Judicious harvest

Banana Replanting ifsubstantially damaged



Drainage management


Drainage management


Guava Replanting ifsubstantially damaged



Drainage management


Drainage management


Continuous submergencefor more than 2 days2

Rice (for such situation SwarnaSub-1 should be grown)

Gap filling, if needed Re-sowing if damaged

after receding of flood

Re planting through Kharuhan(double transplanting) by 3-4seedlings per hill

Short duration rice variety

Toria/Late wheat if completelydamaged


Maize Re-sowing if damagedafter receding of flood

Re sowing or gap filling as thecase may be

Toria/Late wheat if completelydamaged


HorticultureMango Drainage management

Guava Drainage managementBanana Drainage managementSea water intrusion3

Not applicable2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone

Extreme event type Suggested contingency measure

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Heat Wave

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Rice Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigationSpray of potassic fertilizer withadjuvant

Life saving irrigationSpray of potassic fertilizer with adjuvant

Maize Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation

Pigeonpea Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation

Wheat Life saving irrigation (Terminal heat)

Horticulture

Mango Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation

Litchi Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation

Papaya Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation Life saving irrigation

Cold wave

WheatIrrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

MaizeIrrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

MustardIrrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

PotatoIrrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

PulsesIrrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

Horticulturebhendi Irrigation, inter culturing,

mulching by weeds

Brinjal Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

chili Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

tomato Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

34

lauki Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

Frostwheat Irrigation, inter culturing,

mulching by weedsGram Irrigation inter culturing,

mulching by weedsPigeonpea Irrigation, inter culturing,

mulching by weedsLentil Irrigation, inter culturing,

mulching by weeds

HorticultureBhendi Treat the seeds in

0.2% soln of Dithane M-45Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

Brinjal Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

Chilli Irrigation, inter culturing,mulching by weeds

Tomato & Potato Treat the seeds in 0.2%soln of Dithane M-45

Earth up to 15cm ht. Irrigation,inter culturing, mulching byweeds

Spray Dithane M-45/Mancozeb @ 2.5 gm/lt ofwater in 3rd week of

December at 10 daysinterval 3 times

Harvest in dry weather

Hailstorm Not applicable

Cyclone

Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries2.5.1 Livestock

Suggested contingency measuresBefore the events During the event After the event

DroughtFloods

35

Feed and fodder availability 1. Cultivation of fodder tree2. Storage of Improved Quality Fodder3. Conservation & Storage of

Feed & Fodder Hay & Silage: ––

Preserve the fodder in the form of hay fromBerseem & other grasses as well as silage from(a) Maize- harvesting at well developed cob.(b) Jowar - at flowering stage.(c) Oat(d) Hybrid Napier – 40-45 day old.(e) Water hycianth mixing with Rice straw in ratio

of 4:1 with 70 kg molasses /ton of clean waterhycianth.

(f) Potato leaves mixing with wheat straw in ratioof 7:1 and should be supplemented with 3%molasses.

Hay: – Berseem/Lucerne and other grasses. Bales of hay and other dry fodder should

be stored in dry places at a height of lastflood level and covered with asbestos sheetor polythene sheet.

4. Development & storage of: –(a) Complete Feed Block (CFB)(b) Urea-Molasses-Mineral-Block

(U.M.M.B)5. Development of Fodder Bank

1. Feeding of Complete Feed Block2. Feeding of Urea-Molasses-

Mineral-Block & Fodder3. Feeding of stored

Hay/Silage/Improved QualityFodder

4. Feeding of Tree leaves some ofwhich are as follows:

1. Bamboo leaves2. Neem3. Bargad4. Peepal5. Sesame6. Subabul

Use of unconventional feed stuff:

(i) Aquatic Plants – water hycianth(i) Lotus(ii) Aquatic weeds

Production of forage crops1. Balanced feeding of

Animal supported withlittle higher concentratemixture

2. Cultivation of fodderRabi maize if waterstagnated upto Nov/December

3. Sorghum/Cowpea4. Maize in September

Drinking water

36

Health and disease management Veterinary Preparedness with Medicines, Vaccines andprovision for mobile ambulatory van.

VaccinationDuring flood stress becomes an incriminating factor for

the precipitation of diseases in livestock andpoultry.

So, necessary vaccination of livestock and poultry shouldbe done against economically important contagiousdisease.

This will be helpful not only to check epidemic inanimals, but also to reduce the probability ofzoonoses in human beings.

Care should be taken for mass vaccination of livestockand poultry with a view to covering 80% oflivestock population in order to achieve herdimmunity.

Mass vaccination should be conducted by a team ofDepartment staff with proper maintenance ofdetailed Inoculation Register.

Pro-active steps should be taken to receive and stock therequired doses of vaccines against different diseasesfor their use in face of Flood.

Animal safety, Health camp andTreatment

Important Suggestions for animal andPoultry safety

During flood, all efforts should bemade to rescue most of the livestockand poultry as carefully as possible.

The people should be made consciousthrough announcement with the helpof mikes or other means ofcommunication, so that they mayescape with their livestock andpoultry to safe area.

The fisherman or the people whoknows swimming should be deputedfor the rescue of drowning andfloating animals and birds.

During flood do not leave halter orheadstalls on animals.

Do not tie animals together whenreleasing.

Report the location, identification anddisposition of livestock and poultryto authorities handling the disaster.

Health camp and treatment

Water borne diseases are one of themost common phenomena during theflood

Diarrhoeal diseases outbreaks canReport the location, identification anddisposition of livestock and poulrty toauthorities handling the disaster.

Sanitation, deworming,treatment, health camps Cullingof Sick animals and disposal of

carcass

Maintenance of Sanitation:Adequate attention is to be paidto disinfect the premises oftemporary sheds with the helpof bleaching powder, phenol,carbolic acid etc. In no case thecarcass/ cadaver should come incontact with healthy animalsrehabilitated in sheds.Arrangements should be madeaccordingly.

De-worming after the flood:Immediately after flood, theanimals like cattle, buffalo.Sheep, goat, pig, dog andpoultry need to be de-wormedwith suitable broad spectrumanthelmentics. This will enablethe animals to regain properhealth.

In water logged area, sucks canbe introduced as biologicalcontrol measures against snailsto protect livestock fromparasitec disease.

Treatment of sick animals: TheDisposal of Carcass: the

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Health camp and treatment

Water borne diseases are one of themost common phenomena during theflood

Diarrhoeal diseases outbreaks canoccur after drinking contaminatedwater.

Diseases that can occur during floodshould be given special attention andaccordingly medicines should beavailable in the health camp for thefollowing mentioned diseases.

Salmonella spp.Escherichia coliGiardiasisAmoebiasisRotavirusLeptospirosisScabiesBlack legMalignant EdemaFoot rotAnthraxBotulismTetanusRed waterBlack diseaseEntertoxemiaLiver flukeAmphistomiasisBrooders pnemonia

disposal of dead animals andbirds are to be done by AnimalHusbandry Department.Accordingly, necessaryarrangement should be made forprompt and easy disposal ofcarcasses during the Flood andPost-Flood period.Carcasses of animals affectedby the disease are the chiefsource of soil infection. Theyharbour the germs in largenumbers and liberate them fromboth artificial and natural bodyopenings into the surroundingsoil.Methods of Carcass disposal tobe adoptedBurialBurningCompostingVulturing

s. Health Camp after the flood:Protection of livestock from outbreaking and communicablediseases be made. Health campsare to be organised in Floodaffected areas to restore thenormal breeding capability ofbreedable population as well asto restore the normal health oflivestock and poultry.

Cattle and BuffaloHemorrhagic SepticemiaVaccine

38

Treatment of Non infectious Arrangement should be made for the

treatment of drowning and traumaticinjuries, aspiration pneumonia,lameness and other surgical cases inthe health camp.

Disinfection of livestock premises andPoultry shed

Disinfection of livestock premises and the temporary sheds

should be done with the help ofbleaching powder, phenol, carbolicacid etc

Cyclone

Heat wave and cold waves based on forewarning wherever available

2.5.2 Poultry

suggested contingency measures

Convergence/linkages with

ongoingprograms, if

any

Before the event During the event After the event

Drought

Floods

Drinking water

39

Health and disease management

Vaccines to be used for different animals andPoultry

Cattle and BuffaloHemorrhagic SepticemiaVaccineBlack Quarter VaccineFMD VaccineAnthrax Vaccine as per endemicity.

Sheep and GoatHemorrhagic Septicemia VaccinePPR VaccineFMD VaccineGoat pox VaccineEnterotoxemia VaccineAnthrax Vaccine as per endemicity

PigsHemorrhagic Septicemia VaccinePPR VaccineFMD VaccineGoat pox VaccineEnterotoxemia VaccineAnthrax Vaccine as per endemicity.

DogsRabies Vaccine

PoultryMareks disease vaccineRDV (F1 & R2B),FPV,

IBRV &IBDV

MedicinesAll Districts should be earmarked for flood.

An inventory of required medicines to treat theaffected livestock in case of eventualitiesshould be made.

40

The Govt. should take steps to procuresufficient quantity of essential life savingmedicines.List of life saving MedicinesCorticosteroidsNikethamideAntibloatAdrenalineAntihistaminicAntidotes for common poisoningAntisnake venomBroad spectrum antibioticsAnti-inflammatoryAntipyretic and AnalgesicsFluids and Electrolytes

Mobile Veterinary ClinicsMobile Veterinary Clinics should be kept ready

at Veterinary Hospital or VeterinaryCamps so that immediate treatment ofinjured and affected animals may be done.

For this MVC must have adequate drugs likeantibiotic, analgesic, dewormer, ointment,antisnake venom and emergency healthcare facilities along with trained personnel.

A good no. of mobile clinic teams should beplanned consisting dedicated and experiencedtechnical workers with allotment of area ofoperation.

The teams should be kept in readiness havingrequired stock of medicines and equipment towork in any adverse situation.A telephone directory should be maintained at

the District level by collecting the telephonenos. of Vets, Para-Vets, NGOs / youth clubs /societies, volunteers etc. to collect feedback andplan the activities during the emergency.

41

An emergency kit for poultry should be madeready well in advance. The Poultry kit shouldhave Cage, mask, mash, pellet feed trough,waterers, detergents, poultry vaccines,Veterinary drugs, workers protection uniformetc.

Cyclone

Heat wave and cold wavea based on forewarning wherever available

2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture

Suggested contingency measuresBefore the eventa During the event After the event

1) DroughtA. CaptureB. Aquaculture(i) Shallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflow

(i) Thinning of population(ii) Arrangement of water supply from

external resource

(i) Partial harvesting(ii) Addition of water(iii) Stocking of air breathing

fishes

(i) Maintenances of remainingstock till favorable conditionachieved

(ii) If not feasible, total harvestingor transfer of fishes may bedone.

(iii) Preparation of the pond for nextcrop.

(ii) Impact of salt load build up inponds / change in water quality

(i) Regular monitoring of waterquality parameter.

(ii) Arrangement of aeration(iii) Addition of water from external

resource

(i) Arrangement of aeration.(ii) Addition of water(iii) Monitoring of water quality(iv) Reduction of manuring

according to water level.(iii) Any other

2) FloodsA. CaptureB. Aquaculture(i) Inundation with flood water (i) Elevation/ Renovation of pond Collection of naturally bred seeds -Retain the water in pond immediately

42

dyke.(ii) Sale of Table/marketable sizefishes(iii) construction of earthen nurseryponds in upland areas

(Spawn /fry /fingerling) fromflooded waterStocking in nursery ponds forrearing

after flood through repairing ofdamaged dyke etc.-Netting of pond-Removal of unwanted,predatory/weed fishes-Sell of large size fishes

(ii) Water contamination and changesin water quality

Arrangement of regular water qualitymonitoring

(iii) Health and diseases (a) (a) Use lime/ potassiumpermanganate

(b) Arrangement of CIFAX andmedicines & chemical stock

-Sampling of fishes and water fordisease analysis- Liming, use of drugs/ medicine ifrequired in consultancy of fisheriesexperts

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)

Raising the height of dyke by fencingwith net and bamboo poles to preventloss of stock

Arrangement of advance sizefingerling/ yearlings for stocking

Stocking of large size fingerlings carpFertilization of pond and regularfeeding of fishHarvesting and sale of fish

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps,aerators, huts etc)

Repairing/ arrangement of alternatesafe place to keep pumps aerators etc.

A regular water on the flood andinfrastructure facilities.

Re establishment of the infrastructural facility.

(vi) Any other3. Cyclone / TsunamiA. CaptureB. Aquaculture4. Heat wave and cold waveA. CaptureB. Aquaculture

a based on forewarning wherever available

Documents

State: BIHAR Agriculture Contingency Plan for District ...Seeds from RAU, Pusa, NSC, TDC, BRBN etc. 2. Medium land Rice -Wheat Rice -Wheat Medium duration Rice Rice: Rajendra Bhagawati,