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State: MEGHALAYA
Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: West Khasi Hills
1.0 District Agriculture profile*1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone
Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Warm per humid Eco Region D2A9 (17.1)Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission) Eastern Himalayan Region (Temperate sub-alpine and mid tropical hill zone)Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Sub Topical Hill Zone (NEH-5)List all the districts falling under the NARP Zone*(*>50% area falling in the zone)
East Khasi hills, West Khasi Hills, Jaintia hills ,East Garo Hills, West Garo Hills, South Garo Hills, RiBhoi
Geographic coordinates of district headquarters Latitude Longitude Altitude25 10' and 2551' N
90 44' and 91 49' E 1409
Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ ZARS/RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS
ICAR Research Complex for NEH region ,Umiam Road,Umiam-793103 (Meghalaya)
Mention the KVK located in the district with full address KVK, West Khasi Hills Nongshillong,PO: Nongstoin ,Meghalaya 793119Name and address of the nearest Agro met Field Unit(AMFU, IMD) for agro-advisories in the Zone
Indian Metereorological Department, 3rd Mile, Upper Shillong-793005
Source: Directorate of Agriculture,Meghalaya,Shillong, {Average rainfall of 5 yrs (2009-2013)}
1.2 Rainfall Normal RF(mm) Normal Rainy days(number)
Normal Onset( specify week and month)
Normal Cessation(specify week andmonth)
SW monsoon (June-Sep): 2370.32 75 2nd week of June 2nd week of OctoberNE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 228.62 35 3rd week of Oct 1st week of DecWinter (Jan- February) 49.40 10 2nd week of Jan 3rd week of FebSummer (March-May) 625.24 40 2nd week of April 3rd week of MayAnnual 3273.26 160 - -
2
1.4 SOIL TYPES AND INTERPRETIVE GROUPINGS OF SOILS OF WEST KHASI HILL (INCLUDING SOUTHWEST KHASI HILLS DISRICT)
Sl. no. Soilclassifications
Series Physiographicsituation
ElevationMts.aboveMSL
Soil depth Landcapabilitysubclasses
Irrigability Productivitypotential
Suggestedland-uses.
Areain Ha
Mappingunits*/(locations)
a) Warm per-humid Agro-Eco Sub Region with thermic temperature regime1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 Fine loamy,mixed, thermicTypicHumaquepts
Laitdom Inter hillvalleys
1625 Very deep IVw Moderatelysuitable
Medium Paddy,vegetables
14312 (Mairang)
2 Coarse loamy,mixed, thermicTypicUdorthents
Langkyrdem Escarpment(steeplysloping 30-50%)
1500 Moderatelydeep
VIIes Notsuitable
Medium Vegetativecover
23399 07
2 Fine, mixed,thermic TypicHaplohumults
Mairang Side hill slopes(moderate8-15%)
1600 Very deep IIIe Marginallysuitable
Medium Forestplantations
21469 02(Mairang)
4 Coarse loamy,mixed, thermicTypicDystrudepts
Mawlein Upper hillslopes(moderate)
1500 Moderatelydeep
IIIes Marginallysuitable
Low Forestplantations
25527 (MarshillongMawkyrwat)
5 Loamy skeletalmixed,therimic, TypicDystrudepts
Nongspung Hill slopes(moderate)
1450 Moderatelydeep
VIIs Moderatelysuitable
Low Forestplantations
48730 3, 4, 8.(Nongspung)
1.3 Land usepattern of thedistrict (latest statistics)
Geographicalarea
Cultivablearea
Forestarea
Land undernon-agricultural use
Permanentpastures
Cultivablewasteland
Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves
Barren anduncultivableland
Currentfallows
Otherfallows
Area (‘000 ha) 52.5 36.7 20.7 7.4 NA 14.5 4.4 4.9 1.9 4.8
3
6 Fine, mixedthermic TypicKandihumults
Nongstoin Hill slopes(moderate)
1250 Deep tovery deep
IIIe Marginally Medium Forest ,horticulturalwith erosioncontrol
80166 03, 04, 05.(Nongstoin)
7 Coarse loamy,mixed thermicHumicDystrudepts
Syntein Escarpment(steep slopes)
1600 Moderatelydeep
VIIIe Notsuitable
Low Forest, grasscover,erosioncontrol.
35099 07(Nongnah)
9 Fine, mixed,thermic, TypicKandiudults
Umkrem Hill slopes(moderate 8-15%)
1145 Deep tovery deep
IIIes Marginallysuitable
Medium Forest,horticulturalwith erosioncontrol
38291 01
10 Fine loamy,mixed thermic,TypicDystrudtpts
Umthlu Gently slopinghill top(gently sloping1 – 3 %)
750 Deep tovery deep
Vis Notsuitable
Medium Forestplantations
05
b) Warm per-humid Agro-Eco Sub region with hyperthermic temperature regime.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
11 Fine, mixed,hyperthermicAericEndoaquepts
Ramjongiri Valley 100 Deep IVw Moderatelysuitable
Medium Paddy,vegetables
9488 18
12 Loamy skeletal,mixed,hyperthermicHumicDyrtrudepts
Baghmara,mawshun
Hill slope(moderatelysteep 30-50%)
350 Deep VIIes Notsuitable
Medium Forests,plantationswith erosionchecks
26215 11, 20.
13 Fine loamy,mixed,hyperthermicHumicDystrudepts
Bajenngdoba Undulatingupland(moderatelysloping 8-15%)
70 Deep IIIe Marginallysuitable
Medium Horticulturalwith erosionchecks
19955 09, 10.
14 Fine, mixed,hyperthermic
Dewankata Piedmondplains(level)
75 Deep IVw Moderatelysuitable
Medium Paddy,pulses,
14231 16, 18
4
TypicEndoaquepts
vegetables
15 Coarse loamy,mixed,hyperthermicTypicUdorthents
Tura peak Side hill slope(moderate 15 -30 %)
1180 Moderatelydeep
VIs Notsuitable
Low Vegetativecover for ero-sion control.
27606 22, 23
16 Fine, mixed,hyperthermic,HumicDystrudepts
Mynkre Hill slope(moderateslope)
700 Dee VIIs Notsuitable
Low Vegetativecover to con-trol erosion
2532 19
17 Fine, mixedhyperthermicCumulicHumaquepts
Mawshynrut Inter hill vlley(nearly level)
1300 Deep IVw Moderatelysuitable
Medium Paddy,pulses,vegetables
5653 17
18 Fine, mixed,hyperthermicTypicKandihumults
Nongenram Hill slope(moderatelysteep 15-30%)
550 Deep IVe Notsuitable atpresent
Medium Forest,horticulturalwith erosioncontrol
23167 11,12.
18 Fine, mixed,hyperthermicTypicKandihumults
Nongpoh Hill slopes(moderatelysteep 15 –30%)
550 Very deep IIes Moderatelysuitable
Medium Maize,pulses, horti-cultural witherosion check
17567 13, 21.
20 Fine loamymixedhyperthermicHumicDystrudepts
Pathatklinang Valley(gently sloping1 – 3 %)
775 Very deep IVs Moderatelysuitable
Medium Cereals,pulsesvegetables.
8479 17, 24.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1221 Coarse loamy,
mixed,hyperthermicHumicDustrudepts
Mawshun Escarpment(steeplysloping)
400 Deep VIIes Notsuitable
Low Afforestation, 6915 20
22 Coarse loamy,mixed,hyperthermicUltic
Rongram Side hill slope(steeplysloping 30-50%)
500 Deep VIIes Notsuitable
Medium Forestplantations
20865 21
5
Hapludalfs23 Clayey skeletal,
mixedhyperthermicTypicKanhapludults
Gangganggiri Undulatinghills(moderatelysloping 8-15%)
275 Deep VIs Notsuitable
Low Forest 4590 22
24 Fine, mixed,hyperthermicTypicKandihumults
Umsooing(Umsning)
Hill slopes(moderatelysloping 15-30%)
950 Deep tovery deep
IIIes Marginallysuitable
Medium Uplandagricultural&horticulturalwith erosioncontrol
7412 10
*Mapping units - Soil resource map of Meghalaya, NBSS& LUP PUBLICATIONS.,
EXPLANATION OF PARAMETERS:
LAND CAPABILITY
a. CLASSI Arable uses, slight or no limitations
II Arable uses, moderate limitations
III Arable uses, severe limitations
IV Arable uses, very severe limitations
V Non arable uses, slight limitations
VI Non arable uses, moderate limitations
VII & VIII Non arable uses very severe limitations
b. SUB CLASS (limitations)
e Erosion, loss of top soil, slope gradient
s Soil depth, root penetration/drainage/salinity/sodicity
t Topography, landform, landscape
Source : District and local research station&lab.Shillong
6
1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %
Net sown area 30.917 121.81Area sown more than once 6.772Gross cropped area 37.689
Source: Central Ground Water Board North Eastern Region
1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)
Net irrigated area 1924.02Gross irrigated area 3994.03Rain fed area 1142.53
Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated area( Area may beindicated)
Canal IrrigatiNA N-ATanks - - -Open wells - - -Bore wells - - -Lift irrigation schemes - - -Micro-irrigation - - -Total Irrigated Area - - -Power tiller under State Plan Scheme - - -Power tiller under Centrally Sponsored Scheme - - -
Groundwater availability and use* (Datasource: State/Central Ground waterDepartment /Board)
No. of blocks/Tehsils
(%) area Quality of water (specify the problem such ashigh levels of arsenic, fluoride, saline etc)
Over exploited - - -Critical - - -Semi- critical - - -Safe - -Wastewater availability and use - - -Ground water quality Good fit for drinking
*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%
7
1.6. a. Fertilizer and Pesticides use Type Total quantity (tones)
1 Fertilizers* Urea
DAP
Potash
SSP
Other straight fertilizers (specify)
Other complex fertilizers (specify)
54.33MT
6.55MT
0.900MT
-
-
-
2 Chemical Pesticides* Insecticides
1) Chlorpyriphos
2) Fenvarelate
3) Carbofuran
Not Availalable
3 Fungicides Carbendazim
Biopesticide
Sticker
Rodenticides (Zinc Phosphide)
Not Available
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, District Statistical Handbook,WKH 2010
8
1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture (as per latest figures )
1.7 S. No. Major field cropscultivated
Area (‘000 ha)Kharif Rabi
Irrigated Rainfed Total Irrigated Rainfed Total Summer Grand total1. Rice - 7763 7763 52 - - 78152. Maize - 4255 4255 - - - - 42253. Soybean - 25 25 - - - - 254. Millets - - - 232 - 2325. Rabi pulses
PeaCowpea
---
---
---
-285
- -
336. Sesame - - - 28 - - 287. Rape & Mustard - - - 28 - - 288. Tobacco - - - 32 - - 32
Sl. No. Horticulture crops -Fruits
Area (‘000 ha)Total Irrigated Rainfed
1 Pineapple 727 - 7272 Citrus fruits 1169 - 11693 Banana 785 - 7854 Papaya 39 - 39
Horticulture crops Total Irrigated Rainfed
1 Potato 5437 - 54372 Sweet potato 1319 - 13193 Ginger 332 - 332
Tapioca 649 - 6494 Black Pepper 102 - 1025 Chillies 47 - 476 Turmeric 70 - 707 Arecanut 1224 - 1224
Source: (2011-12) Directorate of Agriculture, Meghalaya, Shillong
9
1.8 Live Stock1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total population (‘000)
1. Cattle:CrossbredIndigenous
0.160 0.342 0.50231.597 63.553 95.15
2. Buffaloes :Crossbred
4.092 1.757 5.85
3. Goat 14.190 28.187 42.3774. Sheep 1.191 1.810 3.0015. Pigs:
CrossbredIndigenous
6.07922.581
8.20020.715
14.279
43.296
6. Rabbits 0.015 0.017 0.032
7. Hens and ducks :DesiImproved
cock duck hen drakes468.05418.198
168.6547.552
0.0450.025
202.40010.605
0.0520.016
Yak - - -Others (Horse, mule, donkey etc., specify) 0.732 0.410 1.142Commercial dairy farms (Number) - - -
1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘000)Government Poultry Farm 13 319000=319.00Private Farms, Individual rearers # -
Source: Source: (2011, 19th Livestock census) Directorate of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, Meghalaya.1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)
A. Capturei) Marine (Data Source: Fisheries Department) No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage
facilities (Iceplants etc.)Mechanized Non-
mechanizedMechanized(Trawl nets,
Gill nets)
Non-mechanized(Shore Seines, Stake
& trap nets)
10
- - - - - -ii) Inland (Data Source: Fisheries Department) No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks
B. CultureWater Spread Area (ha) Yield
(t/ha)Production (‘000 tons)
i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/ Fisheries Department) - - -
ii) Fresh water (Data Source: Fisheries Department)
Others - - -
1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops (Average of last 5 years: 2008, 09, 10, 11, 12)
1.11Name of
crop
Kharif Rabi Summer TotalCrop residue as
fodder (‘000 tons)Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Production('000 t)
Productivity(kg/ha)
Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)
Crop 1 Rice 11380 1466 108 2069 - - 11488 1470 0.310
Crop 2 Maize 4863 1143 - - - - 4863 1143 0.114
Crop 3Rabi
pulses- - 44 1333 - - 44 1333 0.199
Crop 4 Millets - - 234 1009 - - 234 1009 0.151
Crop 5 Soybean - - 26 1040 - - 26 1040 0.156
Crop 6 Sesame - - 20 714 - - 20 714 0.071
Crop 7 Rapeseed - - 19 649 - - 19 649 0.065
Crop 8 Tobacco - - 36 1125 - - 36 1125 0.113
Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)
Crop 1 Potato - - 45325 8282 - - 45325 8282 -
11
Crop 2Citrus
fruits- - 4933 4234 - - 4933 4234 -
Crop 3 Banana 4244 5406 - - - - 4244 5406 1.27
Crop 4 Pineapple 4131 5682 - - - - 4131 5682 -
Crop 5 Papaya 177 4538 - - - - 177 4538 -
Crop 6 Arecanut - - 1165 952 - - 1165 952 -
Crop 7 Ginger 2007 6045 - - - - 2007 6045 -
Crop 8Sweet
potato3916 2969 - - - - 3916 2969 0.594
Crop 9 Tapioca 3583 5521 - - - - 3583 5521 -
Crop 10 Turmeric - - 275 3929 - - 275 3929 -
Crop 11 Chillies - - 45 957 - - 45 957 -
Crop 12Black
pepper- - - - - - 66 645 -
Crop 13 Tea - - - - - - - - -
Source: (2012-13) Directorate of Agriculture, Meghalaya, Shillong.
12
1.12 Sowingwindow for5 majorfield crops
Rice Maize
3: Rabi pulses 4: Millets 5: SoyabeanHighaltitude
Midaltitude
Loweraltitude
High altitudeMid &Loweraltitude
Kharif-Rainfedupland
MidApril - 1st
week ofMay
Last weekof AprilApril to 1st
week ofJuly
June to1st weekof July
Mid March –mid April April -May
1st week of April -3rd week of May
May –June
Kharif-IrrigatedRabi-Rainfed
- 1st week Oct - 1st weekof Nov till March 2nd
wk – april 2nd wk
2st week Oct - 1st
week of Nov1st week Oct - 1st
week of Nov
Rabi-Irrigated
Oct to Nov
Summer-irrigatedSummer-rainfed
1st week of June- 1st
week of july
1.13 What is the major contingency the district is prone to? (Tick mark) Regular* Occasional None
Drought √Flood √Cyclone √Hail storm √Heat wave √Cold wave √Frost √Sea water intrusion √
13
Snowfall √
Landslides √
Earthquake √
Pests and disease outbreak (specify) : √
Others (like fog, cloud bursting etc.) √
*When contingency occurs in six out of 10 years
1.14 Include Digital maps of the district for Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes
Soil map : Not Available Enclosed: Yes
14
Location map of West Khasi Hills districtAnnexure I
15
Annexure 2 : Average Annual Rainfal l data for West Khasi Hills(mm)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Aver
age
annu
al R
ainf
all (
mm
)
Average Annual Rainfall (2009-2013)
15
Annexure 2 : Average Annual Rainfal l data for West Khasi Hills(mm)
Months
Average Annual Rainfall (2009-2013)
Average Annual Rainfall(mm)
15
Annexure 2 : Average Annual Rainfal l data for West Khasi Hills(mm)
16
17
2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rainfed situation (maintain separate rows for each cropping system)
Condition
Suggested Contingency measures
Earlyseasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop / Cropping system Change in crop / croppingsystem including variety
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by2 weeks(June 4th
week)*
1 ) Farmingsituation:Rainfed
Rice No change Normal agronomic measuresShift from long duration to short durationcrops/varietiesMore area put under nursery.
Spray of B and K increases drought tolerance.
Maize based Cropping Systema. Maize + Finger Millet(intercropping, HigherAltitude)b. Blackgram ( aftermaize, lower elevation)c. Maize + Soybean(intercropping, higherelevation)d. Maize + Ginger ( Midaltitude region)e. Maize + Vegetablesf. Rabi Maize +Vegetables/ Mustard/Toriag. Maize + Potato/Vegetablesh. Maize + Topoica
No change Delay the seedling raisingof finger milletWider spacing (60 X 30)cm for maizeFrequent intercultureoperation forconservation of moistureMulching in gingerManagement of soilaciditySolanaceous crops shouldbe planted in welldrained, slightly sloppyland
1 ) Farmingsituation:
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflowe
No change Recommended package of practices
18
Rainfedupland -(Sandy loamtoclay loam)
r/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal/Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practices
2) Farmingsituation:Rainfedmediumland/mediumlow land(Sandy loamtoclay loam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practices
Condition
Suggested Contingency measures
Earlyseasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by4 weeks(July 2ndweek)
1 ) Farmingsituation:Rainfed
Cropping system 1: Rice Follow water conservation andmanagement practices.At higher altitude rice will bereplaced by other vegetablecrops such as cabbage orPossibility of taking a catchcropConserving moisture for ‘rabi’sowingUtilizing paddy fallows for
Use of short duration variety which are tolerantto droughtSeeds should be sown in nurserySRI method can be followed during drought atlower /mid altitudes
19
second crop
Cropping system 2: MaizeMaize + Finger Millet(intercropping, Higher Altitude)Maize + Soyabean
(intercropping, higher elevation)d. Maize + Ginger ( Mid altituderegion)e. Maize + Vegetablesf. Rabi Maize + Vegetables/Mustard/Toriag. Maize + Potato/ Vegetables
Finger millet : Indaf- 5, 8, 9,localMaize :local yellow,localwhite, HQPM-1,DA61AVivek- 15, Vivek -9, Vivek-23Soybean: Bragg,Hill, PK-1042, 1024, PK-262, local( black bold) , VL-soya-47Ginger : Nadia.Topoica : LocalHorticultural cropsPotato: Kufri Jyoti, K. Giriraj,K. Megha
Delay the seedlingraising of finger milletWider spacing (60 X 30)cm for maizeFrequent intercultureoperation forconservation of moistureMulching in gingerManagement of soilacidityTimely thinning tomaintain proper spacing
Rainfed1 ) Farmingsituation:Rainfedupland -(Sandy loamto clayloam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal/Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change
No change
Recommended package of practicesRecommended package of practices
No change Recommended package of practices2) Farmingsituation:Rainfedmediumland/mediumlow land(Sandy loamtoclay loam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
20
Condition
Suggested Contingency measures
Earlyseasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by6 weeks(july 4thweek)
1 ) Farmingsituation:*Rainfed
Cropping system 1:Rice Follow water conservation and managementpractices.Possibility of taking a catch cropConserving moisture for ‘rabi’ sowingUtilizing paddy fallows for second crop.
Use of short duration variety which aretolerant to droughtSeeds should be sown in nurserySRI method can be followed duringdrought at lower altitudesTransplanting of rice should becompleted by mid july
Cropping system 2: Maize based :Maize + Finger Millet(intercropping, Higher Altitude)Maize + Soyabean
(intercropping, higher elevation)Maize + Ginger ( Mid altituderegion)Maize + Vegetables
Rabi Maize + Vegetables/Mustard/ToriaMaize + Potato/ Vegetables
Finger millet : Indaf- 5, 8, 9, localMaize :local yellow,local white, HQPM-1,DA61AVivek- 15, Vivek -9, Vivek-23Soybean: Bragg,Hill, PK-1042, 1024, PK-262, local( black bold) , VL-soya-47Ginger : Nadia.Topoica : LocalHorticultural cropsPotato: Kufri Jyoti, K. Giriraj, K. Megha
Mulching in gingerWider spacing (60 X30) cm for maizeFrequent intercultureoperation forconservation ofmoistureSelection of shortduration varieties(80-90) daysManagement of soilacidityTimely thinning tomaintain properspacingMulching of crops with green leavesSolanaceous cropsshould be planted inwell drained, slightlysloppy land.
1 ) Farmingsituation:
Short Duration Varieties Recommended package of practicePotato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carr No change
21
Rainfedupland -(Sandy loamto clayloam)
ot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bittergourd/brinjal/Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practice
2) Farmingsituation:Rainfedmediumland/mediumlow land(Sandy loamtoclay loam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practice
Condition
Suggested Contingency measures
Earlyseasondrought(delayedonset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by8 weeks(Aug 2ndweek))
1 ) Farmingsituation:Rainfed
Cropping system 1:Rice Follow water conservation and managementpractices.*Possibility of taking a catch crop*Conserving moisture for ‘rabi’ sowing*Utilizing paddy fallows for second crop.
Use of short duration variety which aretolerant to droughtSeeds should be sown in nurserySRI method can be followed duringdrought at lower altitudes
Cropping system 2:Maize basedMaize + Finger Millet(intercropping, Higher Altitude)
Finger millet : Indaf- 5, 8, 9, localMaize :local yellow,local white, HQPM-1,DA61A
Mulching in gingerWider spacing (60 X30) cm for maize
22
Maize + Soyabean(intercropping, higher elevation)Maize + Ginger ( Mid altituderegion)Maize + Vegetables
Rabi Maize + Vegetables/Mustard/ToriaMaize + Potato/ Vegetables
Vivek- 15, Vivek -9, Vivek-23Soybean: Bragg,Hill, PK-1042, 1024, PK-262, local( black bold) , VL-soya-47Ginger : Nadia.Topoica : LocalHorticultural cropsPotato: Kufri Jyoti, K. Giriraj, K. Megha
Frequent intercultureoperation forconservation ofmoistureSelection of shortduration varieties(80-90) daysManagement of soilacidityIntercropping ofpulses with maizeTimely thinning tomaintain properspacingMulching of crops with green leaves
1 ) Farmingsituation:Rainfedupland -(Sandy loamto clayloam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practices
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bittergourd/brinjal/Potato//turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practices
2) Farmingsituation:Rainfedmediumland/mediumlow land
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Recommended package of practices
23
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(Normal onset)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & moisture conservationmeasures
Remarks onImplementation
Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20 days dryspell aftersowing leadingto poorgermination/crop stand etc.
1 )Farmingsituation:Rainfed
1. Rice2. Rice based :Rice -Mustard/Vegetables
No changeChoice of crops and varieties for late sowingFollow water conservation and managementpractices.Possibility of taking a catch cropConserving moisture for ‘rabi’ sowingUtilizing paddy fallows for second crop
Maize based cropping system :Maize - rice/soybean -
potato/vegetables/ wheat/mustardMaize - Maize + French
Beans(Local)/vegetablesGinger + MaizeMaize - Finger Millet/ Rice
Bean(Relay) + vegetableGingerTurmeric
Maize: HQPM-I, RCM1- 1, RCM 1-2.Rice: Shah Sarang-1,RCPL,megha rice 1
Mulching with green/dryleaves & grassesWider spacing (60 X 30cm)for maizeFurrow application of FYMFrequent interculturaloperation for moistureconservation
1 )Farmingsituation:RainfeduplandSandyloam toclayloam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change -Life saving supplemental irrigation-Weeding and thinning at critical stages ofgrowth.-Application of sufficient quantity of FYMor compostin the main field.
Water harvestingstructures
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal//Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change -Life saving supplemental irrigation-Weeding at critical stages of growth.
- Application of sufficient quantityof FYM or
compost in the main field
-do-
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Rainfedmediumland/mediumlow land(Sandyloam toclayloam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/brocolli
No change Supplemental irrigation in the nursery bed ofrice.-Application of sufficient quantity of FYMor compostin the nursery bed and main field.
-do-
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought(long dryspell,consecutive 2 weeksrainless(>2.5 mm)period)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient & moistureconservation measures
Remarks onImplementation
Atvegetativestage
Rainfed : withmoderate to highrainfall and noirrigationfacilities
Cropping system 1:RiceNo change Nursery raising of seedling
Weeding at regular intervalsWider spacing
Cropping system 2:Maize basedMaize + Finger Millet(intercropping, Higher Altitude)Maize + Soyabean
(intercropping, higher elevation)Maize + Ginger ( Mid altituderegion)Maize + Vegetables
Rabi Maize + Vegetables/Mustard/ToriaMaize + Potato/ Vegetables
Thinning to maintain optimumplant population.Life saving irrigation by usingwater of Dug-out ponds and rainwater harvesting structure.Weeding and weed mulching.
FYMMulching withgreen/dry leaves &grassesWider spacing (60 X30) cm for maize,followed withintercroppingIn-situ soil moistureconservation measuresFrequent interculturaloperation for moistureconservation
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1 ) Farmingsituation:Rainfed upland(Sandy loam toclay loam)
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal/Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
No change Life saving supplementalirrigation-Weeding at critical stages ofgrowth.-Application of sufficient quantityof FYM or compost in themain field.
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal/Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/brocolli
-Life saving supplementalirrigation-Weeding at critical stages ofgrowth.- Application of sufficientquantity of FYM or compost inthemain field- Thinning to maintain optimumplant population.
2) Farmingsituation:Rainfedmediumland/mediumlow land(Sandy loam toclay loam)
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/ brocolli
No change Gap filling if requiredLife saving supplementalirrigation at critical stages of cropgrowth
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought(long dryspell)
Major Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Soil nutrient &moistureconservationmeasures
Remarks onImplementation
Atflowering/fruitingstage
Cropping system 1:RiceNeed based plant protection measures should befollowedSpray of antitranspirantsMoisture conservation practices such as ridgingand mulching can be followed
Weeding should bedone at regularinterval waterharvesting structurescan be constructed soas to provide
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irrigation during thecritical stages
Cropping system 2:Maize basedMaize + Finger Millet(intercropping, Higher Altitude)Maize + Soyabean
(intercropping, higher elevation)Maize + Ginger ( Mid altituderegion)Maize + Vegetables
Rabi Maize + Vegetables/Mustard/ToriaMaize + Potato/ Vegetables
Thinning to maintain optimumplant population.Life saving irrigation by usingwater of Dug-out ponds and rainwater harvesting structure.Weeding and weed mulching.
FYMMulching withgreen/dry leaves &grassesWider spacing (60 X30) cm for maize,followed withintercroppingIn-situ soil moistureconservationmeasuresFrequent interculturaloperation formoistureconservation
Rainfedupland (Sandy
Potato//turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/ brocolli
No change -Life savingsupplementalirrigation
- Waterharvestingstructures
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal/Potato///turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/cabbage/ brocolli
No change Life savingsupplemental irrigation-Weeding atcriticalstages ofgrowth.
- Thinning tomaintain optimumpopulation.Mulching with cropresidues
Rainfedmediumland/
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/brocolli
No change -Life savingsupplementalirrigation at critical
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Medium lowland(Sandyloam
to clay loam)
stages of cropgrowth
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresTerminaldrought(Earlywithdrawalofmonsoon)
MajorFarmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Crop management Rabi Crop planning Remarks onImplementation
1 )Farmingsituation:Rainfed
Cropping system 1: riceRice basedRice - Mustard/Vegetables
Follow water conservation andmanagement practices.Efficient use of stored water for lifesaving irrigationShort duration varieties of pulses,
oilseeds, minor milletsHarvesting the crop at
physiological maturity.Prepare for the ensuing ‘rabi’season.
Water harvesting structures forirrigating rabi crops
Cropping system 2: Maize based croppingsystem :1. Maize - rice/soybean -potato/vegetables/wheat/mustard2. Maize - Maize + FrenchBeans(Local)/vegetables3. Ginger + Maize4. Maize - Finger Millet/ RiceBean (Relay) + vegetableGingerTurmeric
Maize: HQPM-I, RCM 1- 1, RCM1-2,Soybean: Ahilya-1,bragg,hill.
Conservation measuresFurrow application ofFYMMulching withgreen/dry leaves &grassesWider spacing (60 X 30cm) for maizeFrequent interculturaloperation for moistureconservation
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1 )Farmingsituation:Rainfedupland(Sandyloamto clayloam
Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/ brocolli
Life saving supplemental irrigation- Pre-sowing irrigation for nurseryraising and life saving irrigationaftertransplanting
- Growing of Tomato, Brinjal,and Leafyvegetables like Spinach, Radishetc. withimproved package of practices- Growing of mid season colecrops such asCauliflower (varieties –Improved Japanese, PusaSynthetic, Pusa Snowball etc.)and Cabbage(Varieties – Golden Acre, Prideof India, PusaMukta etc.), Knolkhol (WhiteVienna) etc.
Chilli/turmeric/ginger/pumpkin/radish/frenchbean/cucumber/ bitter gourd/brinjal//Potato/turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/brocolli
Life saving supplementalirrigation-Harvesting of kharif cropsatphysiological maturitystage.- Pre-sowing irrigation fornurseryraising and life savingirrigation after
transplanting
Growing of Tomato, Brinjal,and Leafyvegetables like Spinach, Radishetc. withimproved package of practices- Growing of mid season colecrops such asCauliflower (varieties –Improved Japanese, PusaSynthetic, Pusa Snowball etc.)and Cabbage(Varieties – Golden Acre, Prideof India, PusaMukta etc.), Knolkhol (WhiteVienna) etc.
2) Farming Potato/ -Life saving supplemental - - Growing of mid season cole
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2.1.2 Drought - Irrigated situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delayed release ofwater in canals dueto low rainfall
Lower altitudes Rice No change Medium or short durationvariety can be grown if
water is delayed by 15daysRice seeds should be
replaced by Short durationvariety such as luit vivek
dhan 82 etcRice should be replacedby other crops such aspulses If the water in
canals is delayed by 90days
Limited releaseofwater in canals dueto low rainfall
Lower altitudes Rice Rice sowing nursery delayedSRI nursery to be used
Late duration varieties8-10days old seedling isused for transplanting
Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayed onsetof monsoon in
Lower altitudes Rice SRI hybrids can be usedDelayed transplanting
Low seed rateDirect sown under
transplanting
situation:Rainfedmediumland/Mediumlowland(Sandyloamto clayloam)
turnip/beetroot/tomato/carrot/cauliflower/onion/peas/lettuce/ cabbage/ brocolli
irrigation- Pre-sowing irrigation for nurseryraising and life saving irrigationaftertransplanting- Harvesting of kharif crops atphysiological maturity stage
crops such asCauliflower (varieties –Improved Japanese, PusaSynthetic, Pusa Snowball etc.)and Cabbage(Varieties – Golden Acre, Prideof India, PusaMukta etc.), Knolkhol (WhiteVienna) etc.Mulching in Rabi crops
30
Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituation
Normal Crop/cropping system Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
catchmentLack of inflows intotanks due toinsufficient /delayedonset of monsoon
Lower altitudes Rice Delayed transplanting Direct sown underunpuddled condition
Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due tolow rainfall
Lower altitudes Rice Late duration Direct sown underunpuddled condition
2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Continuous high rainfallin a short span leading towater logging
Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
Crop1 Rice Not a substantial problem as uplandsdon’t maintain water logging conditionfor long time
Provide drainage if possible Drain out, Harvesting atphysiological maturity stage
Shifting to a saferplace in a wellventilated space
Crop2 Maize Not a substantial problem as uplandsdon’t maintain water logging conditionfor long time
Provide drainage if possible
Horticulture
Crop1 Vegetables Proper drainage Proper drainage Drain out, Harvesting atphysiological maturity stage Store at optimum
temperature andpacked properly
Adoption of proper measures todrain out excess water-Light hoeing and weeding- Adoption of plant protectionmeasures against Anthracnosedisease
- Adoption of proper measuresto drain out excess water- Adoption of plant protectionmeasures against Anthracnosedisease
Adoption of proper measuresto drain out excess water- Harvesting at physiologicalmaturity- Adoption of plant protectionmeasures against Anthracnose
Drying of the produce- Immediate sale oftheproduce- Shifting of theproduce to
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disease drier place/coldstorage
Heavy rainfall with highspeed winds in a shortspan2
Crop1 Rice Drainage if water logging persistsSmall seedling withstand the problem
Drainage if water logging persistsSmall seedling withstand the problem
Lodged panicles may beharvested at physiologicalmaturity stage.
Dry and store in airtight condition
Crop2 Maize Ridge planting, proper drainage Proper drainage
Horticulture
Crop1 VegetablesRidge planting, proper drainage- Make trenches/furrows tofacilitate drainage of excess water- Proper support for climbers
Proper drainage- Make trenches/furrows tofacilitate drainage of excesswater- Application of hormones,nutrients to prevent flower drop
Drain out and harvest the cropat optimum stage.- Make trenches/furrows tofacilitate drainage of excesswater
Store at optimumtemperature andpacked properly- Shifting of theproduce todrier place/Coldstorage
Crop2 Citrus Fruits Proper drainage Application of PGRs, (Auxin) and boron toenhance fruit set
Drain out and harvest the cropat maturity.
Outbreak of pests anddiseases due tounseasonal rains
Crop1 Rice
Monitoring incidence of pest anddisease through survey andsurveillance programme
Clipping the tip of rice seedlings beforetransplanting to kill egg massess ofstem borer
During flowering stage crop is usuallyinfected by blast and sheath blight. Cropcan be protected by spraying withPseudomonas fluorescens @ 2.5 kg/ha
Release of egg parasitoid Trichogrammajaponicum and T. chilonis for stem borerand leal floder respectively
Spraying with neem based formulationpesticide to disrupt the growth anddevelopment of sucking pests
Draining out water for themanagement of bacterial leafblight
Proper sun drying andsafe storage forpratection againstpests, diseases androdents
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Crop2 Maize Early sowing to overcome cob borerattackGrowing RCM1-1 and local yellowvarieties to escape from cob borerdamage
Spraying of Neem oil @3ml/l at thesilking stage reduce cob borer and suckingpests
Harvesting at Physiologicalmaturity to avoid furtherattack of pests and diseases
Safe storage againststorage pest anddiseases
Crop3 Potato Avoiding planting in low lying waterlogged areasGrowing varieties having moderate tohigh degree of resistance to late blightGive prophylactic spray withTrichoderma based formulation as sonas the weather conditions becomecongenial for blights to occur
Roguing off off type , diseased plantsshowing necrosis, wilting, mottling,mosaic, crinkle and leaf rolling symptoms
Release of Trichogrammabrasilensis during high adultactivities of caterpillarsIrrigate judiciously at the timeof tuber initiation to maturityto manage common scab
Store healthy tubersin cold storage withmoth proof structureswith 2-3 cm thicklayers of choppeddried leaves ofLantana camara
Crop4 Ginger Soil drenching with Trichodermaviride @ 2.5-5 kg ammended withFYM against soil borne pathogens
Application of GF1 botanical formulation@ 5ml/l against soft rot
Remove and destroy infested plant parts toreduce rhizome fly infestation
Harvesting of crop at propertiming to prevent furtherinfection and infestation ofdiseases and pests
Storage in dry placesto avoid rottingduring storage
Horticulture
Crop 1 Cabbage Disease resistant varieties,
Crop rotationSeed treatment with Trichodermaviride @4g/kg seedSoil solarization with black polythenesheet in nursery beds for 2-3 weeks
Growing of two rows of mustard afterevery 25 rows as a trap crop
Spray NSKE 5% at primodial stage tocheck Diamond back moth
If required spray Trichoderma viride @5g/l to check Alternaria blight
Harvest the crops atphysiological maturity stage
Crop 2 Tomato Seed bed about 10 cm high for gooddrainage to avoid soil borne diseasesSeed treatment with Trichodermaviride @ 4g/kg seed
Use nylon nets to avoid entry of white flies
Spray 5% NSKE against leaf miner andother sucking pests
Release of Trichogramma chilonis 50,000eggs /ha six times from flower initiation
Harvest the crops atphysiological maturity stage
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Citrus Pruning and burning oof dried andweathered branches and pasting withbordeaux paste
Collection and destruction of adults byshaking the trees for the control of trunkborerPasting the tree trunk with Bordeauxmixture is effective against PhythophthorarotInjecting 5 ml of kerosene per bore holeand sealing with mud is effective againsttrunk and shoot borer
Fallen fruit shoor be collectedregularly and burried deep tocontrol friut flies
Harvest the fruits atphysiological maturity stage
Safe storage to protectagainst storage rots
2.3 Floods
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Transient water logging/ partialinundation1
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Crop1 : Rice Drain out excessive waterRidge planting, proper drainage
Drain out excessive waterProper drainage
Drain out, Harvesting atphysiological maturitystage
Dry and store in air tightcondition
Crop2:Maize
Horticulture /Plantation crops
Vegetables Drainage of flood water-Hoeing in between lines foraeration in root zone after flood
-Drainage of flood water-Hoeing in between lines foraeration in root zone after flood
Drainage of flood water-Hoeing in between lines
foraeration in root zone
after flood
-Harvesting of produce asearly as
possible
Continuous submergencefor more than 2 days2
Crop1: RiceCrop 2: Maize
Drain out excessive waterRe sowing may required if cropis damaged by flood
Drain out excessive water Drain out, Harvesting atphysiological maturitystage
Dry and store in air tightcondition
Horticulture / Plantation crops
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Vegetables Drainage of flood water- Re sowing may required if cropis damaged by flood.-Hoeing in between lines foraeration in root zone after flood
-Drainage of flood water-Hoeing in between lines foraeration in root zone after flood-
-Drainage of flood water-Hoeing in between linesforaeration in root zone afterflood
-Harvesting of produce asearly aspossible
Sea water intrusion3
Not Applicable
2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone
Extreme event type Suggested contingency measurer
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Heat Wave Not applicable
Cold wave
Frost
RiceMaizeRapeseed/MustardWheat
Nursery should be raised inside wellcovered structure and about 50 percentmore seedlings should be raised for rice.Provide irrigation, grow frost resistant variety
Provide irrigation
Horticulture
Cole cropsProvide shade Irrigation before and just after
the occurrence of frost
Fruits trees Mulching Mulching Mulching Mulching
Hailstorm
Rice Replanting of seedlings ITK & Top dressing Availing Insurance. Availing Insurance
Maize Introduction of short duration late sowingvarieties.Resowing may be advocated .Crop/weather insurance.
Cultural operations-Earthingup,Top dressingCrop can be used as fodder.Availing Insurance
Crop can be used asfodder.Availing Insurance.
Availing Insurance.
Rabi Pulses Resowing can be done if seedling is damaged Cultural operations-Earthing Availing Insurance Availing Insurance
35
up
Horticulture
Potato Resowing with short duration varieties Cultural operations-Earthingup
Availing insurance dehalming
Vegetables Replanting of seedlings, Introduction of shortduration late sowing varietyCrop/weather insurance
Gap filling Availing Insurance. Availing Insurance.
Ginger - Adequate mulching. AvailingInsurance.
- -
Cyclone Not applicable
Sand deposition or heavy siltation
2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries
2.5.1 Livestock
Suggested contingency measuresBefore the event s During the event After the event
DroughtFeed and fodder availability i. Encourage perennial fodder on bunds
and waste land on community basis;ii.Establishing fodder banks
iii.Encouraging hedge row species forfodder crops
i. iv Preparation of Hay & silagev. Training & awareness camp amongextension personnel for needful at timeof exigencies
i. i.Utilizing fodder from perennial treesand Fodder bank reserve.ii.Import of excess fodder from otherdistricts.iii. utilization of non- conventionalfodders.iv. Unproductive animals should beculledv. Use of feed mixtures and feed blocksCulling
i. i. animal insuranceii. ii. Health care facilitiesiii. iii. Programme for fodder rejuvenationiv.
Drinking water i. i. Roof top water harvestingii. ii. Water preservation in tanks for
drinfking purpose.iii. iii. Water harvesting in Jalkund
Structure
i. i. utilization of stored water fordrinking
ii. ii. Avoid wastage of water andrecycling of used water for otherpurposes
Maintainance and construction of watersource
i.
Health and Disease management i. i. vaccination and medical supply to bemade available.
i. i. Supplementation of essentialminerals.
iii. animals infected with contagiousdiseases to be culled.
36
ii. Ii. Insurance of the livestockiii.
ii. ii.Conducting animal health camp
Floods Not applicableFeed and fodder availabilityDrinking waterHealth and Disease managementCyclone Not applicableFeed and fodder availabilityDrinking waterHealth and Disease managementHeat wave and cold waveShelter/ environment management i. the animal shed should be constructed
with wooden floorings and the wallsmust be well protected.ii. artificial light must be provided inthe creep area to prevent mortality ofpiglets.iii. the shed should be located wherethere is good wind control
i. worn out sheds must be renovated .ii. ensure that the shed have the facilityfor sufficient sunlight during the day(half walled)iii. use of bedding materials like drypaddy straw or saw dust to keep theanimals warm
Health and Disease management i. veterinary assistance i. vaccination and health campsii. supplying of essential vitamins andminerals
2.5.2 Poultry
Suggested contingency measuresBefore the event s During the event After the event
DroughtShortage of food ingredients i. i. buying of feed ingredients and proper
storage facility.ii. ii. Local production of feed ingredientsiii.
i. use of reserved feeds from feed banksand storage facility.ii. use of non conventional feeds
ii. Proper supplementation to the poultryiii.
Drinking water iv. i. Roof top water harvestingv. ii. Water preservation in tanks for
drinking purpose
i. Use of water from water harvested waterand from tanks
.
Health and Disease management iv. i. vaccination and medical assistance tothe birds
v. ii.insurance
i.Vitamins and feed supplementsii. mass vaccination and health camps
iv. animals infected with contagiousdiseases to be culled.
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Floods Not applicableCycloneHeat wave and cold waveShelter/ environment management i. provision for artificial heat should be
availableii.saw dust, paddy husk should be keptin stock
i. continual supply of light to maintainoptimum temperatureii. chowlas can be used in absence ofelectricity.iii.
v. animals infected with contagiousdiseases to be culled.
Health and Disease management Veterinary preparednesswith medicines and vaccines
i. Urgent vaccination andquarantine of affected birdsii. Supplementationof vitamins
2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture
Suggested contingency measuresBefore the event a During the event After the event
1) DroughtA. Capture
Marine NA NA NAInland NA NA NA
(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/ inflow
NA NA NA
(ii) Changes in water quality NA NA NA(iii) Any other NA NA NAB. Aquaculture NA NA NA(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/ inflow
1. Water supply from other sources 1. Water supply from othersources/Reduce stock
1. Partial harvesting & lime/fertilizerapplication
(ii) Impact of salt load build up in ponds/change in water quality
1. Aeration of water surface to increasethe dissolved Oxygen
2. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
1. Partial dewatering, refilling withfresh water
2. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
1. Partial harvesting & lime/fertilizerapplication
2. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2) FloodsA. Capture NA NA NA
Marine NA NA NA
38
Inland NA NA NA(i) Average compensation paid due toloss of human life
NA NA NA
(ii) No. of boats/ nets damaged NA NA NA(iii) No. of houses damaged NA NA NA(iv) Loss of stock NA NA NA(v) Changes in water quality NA NA NA(vi) Health and Diseases NA NA NAB. Aquaculture NA NA NA(i) Inundation with flood water 1. Provision of overflow drainage
system2. Drainage system on the sides of the
pond to prevent the surface runoffwater from entering the pond
1. Siphon excess water from the pond2. Analysis of water quality (pH,
alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)3. Lime, fertilizer application based on
the water quality
1. Maintaining desired water level2. Analysis of water quality (pH,
alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.3. Liming, fertilizer application based
on the water quality(ii) Water continuation and changes inwater quality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
(iii) Health and diseases Maintaining proper hygiene/waterquality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
3. Separation of infected fishes inquarantine ponds/identification of thecausing agent/proper treatmentprocedure to be followed.
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
3. Separation of infected fishes inquarantine ponds/identification of thecausing agent/proper treatmentprocedure to be followed.
3) Cyclone/ TsunamiA. Capture NA NA NA
Marine NA NA NA(i) Average compensation paid due toloss of fishermen lives
NA NA NA
(ii) Average no. of boats/ nets damaged NA NA NA(iii) Average mo. of houses damaged NA NA NA
Inland NA NA NAB. Aquaculture(i) Overflow/ flooding of ponds Provision of overflow drainage
systemDrainage system on the sides of the
Siphon excess water from the pondAnalysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
Maintaining desired water levelAnalysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.
39
pond to prevent the surface runoffwater from entering the pond
Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
Liming, fertilizer application basedon the water quality
(ii) Changes in water quality (freshwater/ brackish water ratio)
Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
(iii) Health and diseases Maintaining proper hygiene/waterquality
Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water qualitySeparation of infected fishes inquarantine ponds/identification of thecausing agent/proper treatmentprocedure to be followed.
Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water qualitySeparation of infected fishes inquarantine ponds/identification of thecausing agent/proper treatmentprocedure to be followed.
4. Heat wave and cold waveA. Capture
Marine NA NA NAInland NA NA NA
B. Aquaculture(i) Changes in pond in pond environment(water quality)
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
(ii) Health and Disease management Maintaining proper hygiene/waterquality
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
3. Separation of infected fishes inquarantine ponds/identification of thecausing agent/proper treatmentprocedure to be followed.
1. Analysis of water quality (pH,alkalinity, salinity, temperature etc.)
2. Lime, fertilizer application based onthe water quality
3. Separation of infected fishes inquarantine ponds/identification of thecausing agent/proper treatmentprocedure to be followed.
(iii) Any other