State of Georgia Date entered the union –January 2, 1788 –4 th state to ratify U.S. Constitution State motto –Wisdom, justice, and moderation Civics: Government

State of Georgia

• Date entered the union– January 2, 1788– 4th state to ratify U.S. Constitution

• State motto– Wisdom, justice, and moderation

Civics: Government and Economics in Action

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State Flag

• Georgia's newest flag was designed in May, 2003; it has three horizontal stripes, red, white, and red, with a blue square in the canton position (the upper left area of the flag). In the blue square is a circle of 13 white, five-pointed stars around the seal of the state of Georgia (pictured in yellow). The Georgia state seal pictures three pillars (symbolizing the three branches of government in the USA: the Legislative, the Executive and the Judicial) under an arch (symbolizing the Constitution), and banners reading "CONSTITUTION," "JUSTICE," "WISDOM," and "MODERATION." Under the pillars are the words (in white), "IN GOD WE TRUST."

GA Statistics

• Nickname– The Peach State

• State Tree– Live Oak

• State Bird– Brown Thrasher

• State Flower– Cherokee Rose


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Journal Entry – How to improve

• In your notebook, answer the following questions:– How can we improve public education in the

community?– Are there after-school programs that might

benefit students?– What changes could be made to improve the

quality of life for students at the school?


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Chapter 11: State Government


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Chapter Links

Section 1“Federalism: One Nation and Fifty States”

Section 2“State Legislatures”

Section 3“The State Executive Branch”

Section 4“State Courts”


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Section Outline:I. Public Policy

II. Federalism

III. Federalism in Action

Main Idea:

Under federalism, some powers are reserved for the states, some are shared by the states and federal government, and some are reserved for the federal government.

Key Terms:•Public Policy•Unitary System

Section 1“Federalism: One Nation and Fifty States”


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Public Policy

• Public Policy Issues– Government Response to public issues– How are public and private issues different?

• Public Policy Choices– Always have consequences

Public Policy Acrostic Poem

• Choose 1 public policy issue and create an acrostic poem describing its impact, problems, solutions, etc.


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Federalism

• The separation of state and national powers, while sharing some powers.


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Federalism• Powers of the States

– Tenth Amendment• Gives states all powers not listed in

the Constitution

• Shared Powers– Powers in which the federal and state

governments have some control

• Unitary Government– A system which practically all political

power lies with a central government.

– Not in the U.S.

• Take measures for public health and safety

• PUBLIC SERVICES


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• Charter banks and corporations

• FINANCIAL


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• Make and enforce laws

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Issue licenses, permits, and cerifications

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Collect taxes

• FINANCIAL


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• Conduct elections

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Print money

• FINANCIAL


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• Build roads and highways

• PUBLIC SERVICES


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• Establish courts

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Borrow money

• FINANCIAL


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• Ratify amendments to the constitution

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Establish post offices

• PUBLIC SERVICES


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• Regulate intrastate (within state) business

• FINANCIAL


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• Make treaties

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Declare war

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Provide public education

• PUBLIC SERVICES


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• Regulate interstate and international trade

• FINANCIAL


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• Issue bonds

• FINANCIAL


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• Establish local governments

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Eminent domain (take private property for public purposes)

• PUBLIC SERVICES


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• Exert powers under the 10th amendment

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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• Spend money for general welfare

• FINANCIAL


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• Provide an Army and Navy

• POLITICAL/LEGAL


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Venn diagram

• Use your chart to fill in the venn diagram on the back. Put 5 powers in each area (federal, state, and shared)


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Federalism in Action

• Power to the States– Those in favor of states’ rights feel that state

governments can better serve their people.

• Power to the National Government– Those in favor of a strong national government

feel that a strong national government is more likely to provide equality across all the United States.

Pamphlet

• Create a pamphlet showing the following:– 3 state powers– 3 federal powers– 3 shared powers– 1 picture for each section (state, federal,

shared)


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Main Idea:

State legislatures are organized much like Congress. States have procedures for making laws and creating taxes to pay for state services.

Key Terms:•Apportioned•Initiative•Recall•Revenue•Sales Tax•Excise Tax•Income Tax•Bonds

Section 2“State Legislatures”

Section Outline:I. Who Are State Legislatures?

II. Organization of State Legislatures

III. Making Laws

IV. Financing State Government


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Who Are State Legislators?

• The First Legislators– Many were part time farmers, lawyers, or

businessmen who met for a few weeks out of the year.

• Today’s Legislators– Many are full time lawmakers– Many have studied political science, law, or public

administration.– Many are career politicians

Georgia Legislature

• General Assembly (Congress)– Senate

• 56 members elected to 2 year terms• Confirms governor’s appointments

– House of Representatives• 180 members elected to 2 year terms• Appropriation (spending) bills must start here


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Organization of State Legislatures

• Sessions– Annual Sessions

• When a legislature convenes for lawmaking

– Special Sessions• When a legislature convenes outside of normal

circumstances

• Representation– Seats are apportioned or divided among districts.– Based on population

Reader Assignment

• Define the following terms, and then put them into a sentence:– Initiative– Referendum– Recall– Revenue– Sales tax– Excise tax– Income tax– Bonds


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Making Laws• Initiative

– The process by which citizens can propose laws.

• Referendum– The process by which a law is referred to the voters

to approve or reject.

• Recall– The process of removing elected officials from

office.– The California Recall (2003)


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Financing State Government

• Ways to generate revenue:– Taxes

• Sales Tax (a charge on goods and services)

• Excise Tax (a charge on certain goods)

• Income Tax (a charge on an individual’s earnings)

– Bonds• Certificates people can buy from the government

– Lotteries– Federal Funds


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Section Outline:I. The Roles of Governor

II. State Executive Agencies

III. Other Executive Officials

Main Idea:

The governor’s powers and duties are similar to the President’s domestic powers.

Key Terms:•Item Veto•Lieutenant Governor

Section 3“The State Executive Branch”


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The Roles of Governor• Chief Executive

– Enforcement of law, commander-in-chief of the state militia or National Guard

– Budget making– Appointment of officials

• Legislative Leader– Power to veto or item veto

• Judicial Role– Appointment of judges; pardons


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State Executive Agencies

• Each state has a multitude of agencies and departments responsible for making sure the state runs smoothly.


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Other Executive Officials

• Lieutenant Governor– The state official second in rank to the

governor– Similar to the Vice-President– Is separately elected

T-chart


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Section Outline:I. What State Courts Do

II. Judges in State Courts

III. Case Study: Federalism and the Courts

Main Idea:

State courts handle cases of state law. The also act as a check on the other two branches of the state government.

Key Terms:•Missouri Plan•Judicial Action Commissions

Section 4“State Courts”


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What State Courts Do

• Check and Balance– State courts keep checks on the Executive and

Legislative branches.– Review of all laws passed

• Civil Cases

• Criminal Cases

Georgia Courts

• Superior Court– Has general jurisdiction– Trials for civil and criminal cases

• Georgia Court of Appeals– Appellate jurisdiction

• Georgia Supreme Court– Final court of appeals


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Judges in State Courts

• Selection of Judges– Many state judges are elected

• Missouri Plan: a method of choosing judges whereby the voters determine whether or not selected judges will serve a 12-year term or not.

• Terms of Service– Judicial Action Commissions

• Official governmental bodies that handle situations in which judges might not be doing their job well.

Ch. 11 Jigsaw

• 1 – Organization of State Legislatures p.299

• 2 – Making Laws p.300-301

• 3 – Financing State Government p.302-303

• 4 – Roles of the Governor p.305-307

• 5 – Judges in state courts p.311-312

• 6 – Case Study: Federalism and Courts p.313


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Choose 15-20 words

• Narrow your section down to 15 – 20 words

• These words should describe and summarize your section

• Try to choose important words to emphasize the main idea of your section


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Group presentations

• Now get with others in your group and finalize a list of no more than 15 words

• The group will present these 15 words to the class.

• You will use their presentation to briefly describe what you think that section discusses


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Listen!!!

• For each group, listen to their words, and write a sentence of what you think that section’s main idea is.


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Documents

State of Georgia Date entered the union –January 2, 1788 –4 th state to ratify U.S. Constitution State motto –Wisdom, justice, and moderation Civics: Government