Statistical Abstract for uganda 2010

8/6/2019 Statistical Abstract for uganda 2010

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UGANDA BUREAU OF STATISTICS

2010

STATISTICAL ABSTRACT


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FOREWORD

This Statistical Abstract is an annual publication from the Uganda Bureau ofStatistics (UBOS). The Bureau is mandated to provide relevant, reliable and timely

official statistics needed to support evidence-based policy formulation and to monitordevelopment outcomes. The Statistical Abstracts present as much as possible, theinformation derived from fresh surveys, censuses and administrative records fromMinistries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). The statistical information iscompiled based on the standards, definitions and classifications in accordance withinternational principles and guidelines.

Information contained in this years abstract covers socio-economic governmentsectors including, but not limited to, Environment, Population, Education, Health,Agriculture, Labour, Income and Expenditure, Energy, Business, National Accounts,Banking and Currency, Prices, Trade, Migration and Tourism, Transport andCommunication and Government Finance. This year, the abstract has for the first

time sections on Food Security, the Urban Labour Force Survey and the ProducerPrice Index for Hotels and Restaurants (PPI-H&R). Presentations in this publicationare in the form of tables, graphs and charts with explanatory text therein. Detailedtables on all chapters are appended. In addition, data from these tables may also beused for further analysis.

UBOS appreciates the continued cooperation of MDAs in availing the requisite datain time to produce this publication. Special thanks go to UBOS technical staff whocompiled the 2010 Abstract.

Copies of this publication are available at the Statistics House, Plot 9, Colville Street,Kampala. Further information can be obtained from the official UBOS website:

www.ubos.org

We sincerely hope that our stakeholders will find the information in this publicationuseful. UBOS continues to appreciate comments from stakeholders that are aimed atimproving the quality of our future publications.

J. B. Male-Mukasa June 2010

Executive Director


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LIST OF ACRONYMS

ASL Above Sea Level

BATU British American Tobacco, Uganda

Bill.Shs Billion Shillings

BOP Balance of Payments

BMUs Beach Management Units

CAA Civil Aviation Authority

CBR Crude Birth Rate

CDO Cotton Development Organisation

CDR Crude Death Rate

CG Central Government

CFR Central Forest Reserve

COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

CIS Community Information System

CPI Consumer Price Index

CSI Construction Sector Index

CY Calendar Year

DAP Deposit Administrative Plan

DDA Decentralised District Administration

DMBs Deposit Money Banks

DRC Democratic Republic of Congo

EAC East African Community

EEC European Economic Commission

EPS Express Penalty Scheme

EU European Union

FISIM Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured

FY Fiscal Year

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GIR Gross Intake Rate

GO Gross Output

GFS Government Finance Statistics

GWh Giga Watt hours

H/C Health Centre

HEP Hydro-Electric Power

HFO Heavy Fuel Oil

HFI Health Facility Inventory

HH House Hold

HSSP Health Sector Strategic Plan

IoP Index of Production

IC Intermediate Consumption

ICBT Informal Cross Border Trade

IHS Integrated Household Survey


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IPT Intermittent Presumptive Treatment

ISCO International Standard Classification of Occupation

ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification

KCC Kampala City Council

KWh Kilo Watt hours

LFR Local Forest Reserve

LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas

MAAIF Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries

Mbps Mega bits per second

MFPED Ministry Finance, Planning and Economic Development

MGLSD Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development

MoES Ministry of Education and Sports

MOH Ministry of Health

Mill.Shs Million shillings

Mm Millimetres

MRH Mean Relative Humidity

Mt Metric tonnes

MTN Mobile Telephone Network

MW Mega Watts

n.a Not Available

nes Not elsewhere stated

NSDS National Service Delivery Survey

NUSAF Northern Uganda Social Action Fund

NTEs Non traditional Exports

OPD Out Patient Department

OPI Occupational Permits Issued

OPV Oral Polio Vaccine

PPI Producer Price Index

PHP Private Health Practitioner

PLE Primary Leaving Examinations

PPI-M Producer Price Index- Manufacturing

PPI-H&R Producer Price Index- Hotels and Restaurants

PNFP Private Not For Profit

PS Plans Submitted

RVR Rift Valley Railways Consortium

RH Relative Humidity

SADC Southern African Development Community

SACU Southern African Customs Union

Shs Shillings

SITC Standard Industrial and Trade Classification

Sq.Kms Square Kilometres

TEs Traditional Exports

TFR Total Fertility Rate

TT Tetanus


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UA Urban Authorities

UBI Uganda Business Inquiry

UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics

UCDA Uganda Coffee Development Authority

UDHS Uganda Demographic and Health Survey

UEDCL Uganda Electricity Distribution Company Limited

UETCL Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited

UHSBS Uganda HIV/AIDS Sero-Behavioural Survey

ULFS Urban Labour Force Survey

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

UNEPI Uganda National Expanded Programme on Immunisation

UNHS Uganda National Household Survey

UNMHCP Uganda National Minimum Health Care Package

UPE Universal Primary Education

URA Uganda Revenue Authority

USE Universal Secondary Education

UTA Uganda Tea Authority

UTL Uganda Telecommunications Limited

VA Value Added

WHO World Health Organisation

Common Symbol

- Not Applicable/Nil


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Statistical Abstract is an annual publication from Uganda Bureau of Statistics,which provides the statistical summary of socio economic data for Uganda. Somefigures in this edition may vary from those in the earlier editions due to regularupdates. Note that most of the 2009 data presented in this edition is provisional.

This publication is divided into four major chapters which are preceded by a glossaryof definitions and general information on Uganda. A set of sequentially arrangedStatistical Appendix Tables that are serialised, using a combination of numbers andalphabets i.e. Table 1.1A, Table 2.3 B etc are also provided for the readersinformation. The reader should also refer to the tables while reading the text. Thenumber of districts has been increasing due to sub-divisions of some districts. Thisissue has population data for 80 districts as of June 2007.

Chapter one (1) presents environmental statistics covering land, climate, and forestrywith the following highlights:

Land Uganda has a total area of 241,550.7 square kilometres (sq. km). Open water and swamps cover 41,743.2 sq km. Land area is 199,807.4 sq km Cultivated land cover increased from 84,010 sq km in 1990 to 99,018.4 sq km

in 2005.

Forestry Volume of wood fuel used by households had a percentage share of 59.4

percent to total wood production in 2007. Bio-mass has remained the dominant energy source for households, small and

medium scale industries. For a period of about 10 years, the value of charcoal consumption more than

doubled, while the value of firewood consumption increased by 68 percent.

Rainfall Overall, the rainfall levels for most centres in 2009 were lower than the long

term average except for Jinja district.

Humidity Monthly mean relative humidity at 06.00 hours and 12.00 hours were

generally in line with the long term average for all the selected centres.

Temperature For all selected centres, mean maximum and minimum temperature

trends showed similar patterns to that of the long term average.

Chapter two (2) discusses Demographic and Socio-economic statistics relating toPopulation, Education, Labour Force, Employment and Earning, Income andExpenditure, Prices, Public Health and Crime. Below are the highlights of theChapter:


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Demographic and socio-economic statistics According to the 2002 census:

o 2002 Population was 24.2 million personso Annual Population growth rate between 1991 and 2002 censuses

was 3.2 percento 2002 population density was 123 persons /Sq.Kmo 49 percent of the population was below 15 years

Total population (2009 mid year population projection) is 30.7 million persons Total Fertility Rate (UDHS 2006) was 6.7 Births per woman Infant Mortality Rate (UDHS 2006) was 76 Per 1,000 Live births The projected 2010 mid-year population stands at 31.8 millions

Education Primary enrolment was 8.3 Million in 2009 The ratios of primary pupils to teachers and pupils to class rooms were 49 and

68 respectively Secondary school enrolment increased by 9.7 percent in 2009 compared to

2008 Over all, the literacy rate for 2005/6 was 69 percent for persons aged 10 years

and above.

Labour force, employment and earnings Total labour force increased by 11 percent from 9.8 Million persons in 2002/3

to 10.9 Million persons in 2005/6. 70 percent of the working population was in the agricultural sector. The average size of the civil service decreased by 5 percent in 2009

compared to 2008.

Income and expenditure

The monthly household expenditure increased by eleven percent between2002/3 and 2005/6. The per capita expenditure increased by 10 percent in between 2002/3 and

2005/6. In 2005/06, 8.4 million Ugandans lived in poverty. The proportion of the poor population reduced from 39 percent in 2002/3 to 31

percent in 2005/6 Nationally, on average, the income inequality decreased from 0.428 in 2002/3

to 0.408 in 2005/6

Consumer Prices High food prices were registered in CY 2009 resulting to inflation rate of 13.0

percent. The food crop index for the year 2009 increased by 32 percent compared to

15.8 percent recorded in 2008. Energy, fuel and utilities prices decreased by 1.9 percent during 2009.

Health Immunization coverage for all antigens increased by an average of 4 percent

between 2008 and 2009. Malaria remains the leading cause of morbidity between 2006 and 2009.


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Latrine coverage at national level improved from 63 percent in 2008 to 68percent in 2009.

Deliveries in health facilities at national level increased marginally from 33percent in 2008 to 34 percent in 2009.

Food Security and Nutrition

The mean caloric intake per person per day increased from 2,066kcal in2002/03 to 2,190kcal in 2005/06. Acholi, Lango and Karamoja sub-regions had the least mean daily caloric

intake and the highest proportion of food insecure households during 2005/06. Generally, the prevalence of food insecurity is higher in urban areas although

the incidence of income poverty is higher in rural areas.

Crime The number of reported and investigated cases reduced by 1.7 and 12.6

percent respectively between 2008 and 2009 respectively. Serious crimes reported to police reduced from 14,205 in 2008 to 12,507 in

2009. Death in prisons increased by 37 percent between 2008 and 2009. Reported road traffic crashes increased by 30 percent from 11,758 in 2008 to

22,699 in 2009.

Chapter three (3) presents statistics on production, which include Business,Agriculture and Fisheries, Industry, Producer Prices, Energy, Building andConstruction, Transport and Communications, Tourism and Migration. Below are thehighlights of the Chapter:

Business Statistics The annual average number of establishments with a turnover of at least ten

million shillings increased remarkably by 250.9 percent in 2009. The total turnover of businesses registered a 13.3 percent increase from 4.5

trillion in 2008 to 5.1 trillion in 2009. Overall, the Trade sector had the highest turnover accounting for 46.5 percent

of the total business turnover.

Agriculture The Agricultural sector provides about 70 percent of the employment in the

country. Agriculture contributed approximately 21 percent of the total Gross Domestic

Product (GDP) in 2009 at current prices and 90 percent of the total exportearnings.

Coffee remained the dominant cash crop exported in 2009.

Livestock On average, livestock numbers increased by about 3 percent in 2009

compared to 2008 levels. The production of milk and beef increased by 3.1 percent and 2.9 percent

respectively in 2009.


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Community Statistics Apart from Wakiso district, the rest of the 17 districts covered had less than 50

percent of the households owning the assets. Ownership of livestock was prominent in Kiruhuura, Nakaseke and Kumi. The

rest of the 15 districts covered, had less than 50 percent of the householdsowning cattle.

Industry The All Items Index significantly increased by 11.2 percent in 2009. Total manufacturing increased by about 12 percent in financial year 2008/09..

Producer prices The Producer Price Index-Manufacturing (combined) recorded an increase of

10.3 percent in calendar year 2009 compared to 2008. The overall Producer Price Index Hotels & Restaurants rose by 9.3 percent

in Quarter 4 of 2009 compared to Quarter 4 of 2008.

Energy

Sales of diesel and LPG registered an increase of 3.4 and 4 percentrespectively in 2009.

Kerosene and petrol sales declined by 18 percent and 2 percent, respectivelyin 2009.

Domestic tariff electricity consumers rose by about 8 percent in 2009. Energy tariff rates remained relatively stable over the period of 2007 to 2009.

Building and construction Prices in the overall construction sector rose by 11 percent in 2009. The total net domestic cement consumption rose by 16 percent between 2008

and 2009.

Transport and communications The number of vehicles on the road increased by 17 percent in 2009. Entebbe Airport registered an increase of 1.3 percent and a decrease of 22

percent in the number of international and domestic passengers (arrivals,departures and transit) respectively in 2009.

The tonnage of goods hauled by rail transport declined by 21 percent in 2009compared to 2008

There was a 10.2 percent and 38.6 percent growth of cellular phones andfixed lines between 2008 and 2009 respectively.

The number of fixed internet subscribers increased from 22,000 in 2008 to30,000 in 2009.

A total of 358,228 mobile wireless subscriptions were registered in 2009.

Tourism and Migration Uganda recorded a 6 percent decrease in the total arrivals registered in 2009

at the major border posts (Entebbe, Busia, Malaba, Mutukula, Western andNorthern).

Total departures also declined by 6.2 percent in 2009 at the major borderposts.

A total of 806,658 tourists (non-resident arrivals) were registered in 2009.


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Chapter four (4) presents, statistics on Money Related Issues including NationalAccounts, External Trade, Public Finance, Banking and Currency and Insurance.Below are the highlights of the Chapter:

National Accounts The overall economic performance of Uganda as measured by GDP at market

prices reflects a lower growth rate for fiscal year 2009/10 compared to2008/09.

GDP annual growth rate for 2009/10 was 5.8 percent. The per capita GDP increased by 10.8 percent in FY 2009/10 compared to FY

2008/09. The overall balance of payments projected for 2009/10 revealed a surplus of

210.8 million US dollars compared to a deficit of 43.2 million US dollars in2008/09.

External Trade The trade deficit was US $ 1.2 billion in 2009 compared to US $ 1.5 billion in

2008. The combined export earnings (formal and informal) were US $ 3.1 billion in

2009. Overall, COMESA region took the largest market share of 70.7 percent in

2009 compared to 65.6 percent in 2008 The contribution of Traditional Exports to total formal exports earnings

declined from 30.7 percent in 2008 to 26.8 in 2009 The total imports bill reduced by 5.9 percent from US $ 4.5 billion in 2008 to

US $ 4.3 billion in 2009. The Asian continent was the leading source of Ugandas imports in 2009 with

a percentage share of 37.2 percent to the total import bill

Government Finance Government revenue increased by 15.1 percent in FY 2008/09 compared to

an increase of 4.5 percent in FY 2007/08. The overall share of tax revenue declined to 80.7 percent in FY 2008/09, while

the share of non-tax revenue increased marginally to 19.3 percent in FY2008/09.

The Education, General Public Administration and Health contributed thehighest percentage share of 86.5 to the local government recurrentexpenditure in 2008/09.

Banking and currency

The Net Foreign Assets significantly increased by 12.3 percent from Shs5,086.8 Bill to Shs 5,711.5 Bill between June 2008 and June 2009.

The net total domestic credit of the banking system registered a 65.5 percentincrease between June 2008 and June 2009.

The average lending rates of BoU to commercial banks dropped from 16.2percent to 10.6 percent between June 2008 and June 2009

The total assets of commercial banks increased by 27.2 percent betweenJune 2008 and June 2009.


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Insurance

Life insurance polices issued increased by 7.3 percent between 2007 and2008.

Life insurance gross premium incomings increased by 40.0 percent between2007 and 2008.

The non-life insurance gross premium incomings registered an increase of 1percent between 2007 and 2008. The insurance companies paid and outstanding claims category increased by

23.2 percent in 2008 compared to 2007.


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GLOSSARY

Agriculture This term is used to describe crops, livestock, and poultry and

fishing activities.

Assets Assets are the property of a business. They may be classified as:

Current assets; consisting of cash, stock and book debts;

Fixed assets; consisting of buildings, plant and machinery; and

intangible assets being the value of goodwill or patents.

Aviation fuel This is more purified kerosene fuel used in aviation gas-turbine

engines.

Base period The reference period, to which a series of index numbers relate,

this is usually expressed as 100.

BCG

(Bacillus Camete Guerin)

This is a vaccine against Tuberculosis

Bio mass energy This is energy that is obtained from fuel wood, charcoal and crop

residues.

Broad money (M2) This consists of currency in circulation, demand, time and savings

deposits. The deposits are held by the private sector and exclude

those held by the central government.

Broad money - (M2) A This is equivalent to (M2) plus certificates of deposit.

Broad money - (M3) This is equivalent to (M2) A plus foreign currency deposits.Crime An offence for which one may be punished by law

Diesel fuel This is fuel used for internal combustion in diesel engines and as a

burner fuel in heating installations such as furnaces. Another name

for this product is automotive gasoil.

DMBs It stands for Deposit Money Banks. It refers to commercial banks

in our institutional settings.DPT This is a vaccine against three diseases namely: Diphtheria,

Pertusis (whooping cough) and Tetanus.Economic activity Covers all market production and certain types of non-market

production, including production and processing of primary

products for own consumption, own-account construction (owner

occupied dwellings) and other production of fixed assets for own

use.


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Employment This includes all wage and salary earners and managers in all

businesses, and directors actively working in incorporated

businesses. It includes those working full-time or part-time and

those who are permanent or temporary.

Employed Persons Persons in paid employment who work for wage or salary in cash

or in kind or both and have a formal job attachment.

Employment status Refers to the status of an economically active person with respect

to his/her position at his/her place of work and his/her mode of

remuneration.

Enterprise This is a single legal entity or a combination of legal entities. It may

also be a sole legal unit carrying out one or more activities at one

or more locations. It may also be several establishments.

Establishment This is an economic unit engaged in one or predominantly one

kind of economic activity under single ownership or control and is

situated at a single physical location.

Exports Outward flows comprising goods leaving the economic territory of

a country to the rest of the world.

Foreign reserves They consist of those external assets available to and controlledby central banks for direct financing of balance of payments

imbalances, for indirectly regulating the magnitude of such

imbalances through intervention in exchange markets to affect the

currency exchange rate, and/or for other purposes. Included are

monetary gold, Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), reserve position in

the fund, foreign exchange assets (consisting of currency, deposits

and securities) and other claims.

Heavy Fuel Oil This is residual fuel obtained after refinery of petroleum products.

It is used in ships and industrial large-scale heating installations as

a fuel in furnaces or boilers.

Gross Domestic Product The value of goods and services produced within the economic

territory of the country.

Gross Enrolment Rate The ratio of pupils in primary school (regardless of age) to the


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country total population aged 6-12 years.

Gross Intake Rate The ratio of the pupils enrolled in primary one regardless of age to

the country total population aged six years.

Gross Output The production value as compiled from total receipts from

industrial and non industrial goods and services in an economy,

adjusted for stock changes but excluding Excise Duty and IndirectTaxes. This is Gross Output at factor cost.

Health Centre II Out-patient clinics treating common diseases and offering

antenatal care. According to the Ugandan government's health

policy, every parish is supposed to have a Health Centre II.

Health Centre III Health centres with facilities which include an operation room and

a section for minor surgery headed by a clinical officer. Every

county should have this facility.

Health Centre IV The Health Centre IV is a mini hospital with the kind of services

found at Health Centre III. It serves a county or a parliamentary

constituency.

Imports Inward flows of goods from the rest of the world into the economic

territory of a country.

Index Number A number that shows relative change in price or volume between

the base period and another period.

Industry This is an economic activity undertaken by a businessestablishment as specified in the ISIC

Intermediate Consumption This is the value of goods and services that are used in the

process of production of other goods and services rather than final

consumption

Kerosene This is fuel used as an illuminant for lighting and in some cases for

cookin .Large Business Business establishment employing 100 or more persons

Labour force Currently active population aged 14 to 64 years who were

employed or unemployed during the last 7 days

Labour force participation

rate

Ratio of all economically active persons aged 14-64years to the

total number of persons aged 14-64 years

Liquid Petroleum Gas Liquid Petroleum Gases (LPGs) are hydrocarbons, which are

gaseous under conditions of normal temperature and pressure but

are liquefied by compression or cooling to facilitate storage,


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handling and transportation.

Loan A loan may be money or securities supplied by one party (the

lender) to a second party (the borrower) in a transaction in return

for a promised future payment by the borrower. Such transactions

normally include the payment of interest due to the lender as peragreed repayment schedules between the two parties.

Net Enrolment Rate The ratio of pupils in primary school aged 6 12 to the country

total population aged 6 -12 years.

Net Intake Rate The ratio of the pupils aged six in primary one to the country total

population aged 6 years.

Non-traditional exports Refers to commodities other than traditional exports that have

recently featured in Ugandas export trade.

Occupation Refers to the nature of task and duties performed during the

reference period preceding the interview by persons in paid

employment, unpaid family work or self-employment jobs.

Overdraft A type of a short-term loan particularly used to supply short-term

working capital to tide over the production cycle or finance for

seasonal requirements.

Passengers Travellers in a car, bus, train, plane or ship who are not driving or

part of the crew. These also include those embarked and

disembarked.

Petrol This is a light hydrocarbon fuel used in positive ignition engines.

Another name used for this type of fuel is premium motor spirit.

Prison Place where people are kept as a punishment for crimes they have

committed or while awaiting trial.

Prisoner A person kept in prison as a punishment for a crime or while

waiting for trial.

Proportional morbidity ratio This is the proportion attributable to a given cause of illness. It is a

proxy for the prevalence of sickness in a population.

Residents Persons whose usual residence is Uganda including those whose

nationality is not Ugandan.

Retained Reserves This is the increase in value of a currency or the increase in value

of fixed assets consisting mainly of freehold land and buildings.


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Revaluation reserves These kinds of reserves arise due to the revaluation of fixed

assets but cannot be paid out as dividends because they are not

realised profits. They merely restate the value of an asset.

Teaching Service Teaching Service comprises of teachers of primary schools,

secondary and technical schools, commercial and technicalcolleges and institutions.

Traditional Civil Servants These are employees of line ministries and self accounting

government departments.

Trade Balance This is the difference in value between the countrys visible imports

and exports.

Traditional Exports Refers to long-term export cash crops introduced to Uganda long

time ago. That is Coffee, Cotton, Tea and Tobacco.

Treasury Bill These are short-term bearer securities with maturities of 91 days,

182 days, 273 days or 364 days issued by Bank of Uganda.

Underemployment Refers to persons who work less than 40 hours per week, but were

willing and available to work additional hours within the 7 last

seven days.

Value Added The value of outcome when factors of production interact to avail

goods and services. Value added technically is the differencebetween the value of gross output and the value of intermediate

inputs and comprises the following:

(a) Compensation of employees

(b) Consumption of fixed capital (depreciation)

(c) Licenses

(d) Rent

(e) Interest

(f) Operating surplus (usually) net profit or loss and other

small items

VAT Tax levied on goods and services consumed within a country.

Wage Bill All cash payments made by employers in return for labour

provided by the employees. The payments include salaries and

wages, overtime, holiday pay, bonuses, commissions, sick leave

and any other allowances paid in cash to the employees.


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GENERAL INFORMATION ON UGANDA

Geographical Indicators

Latitude 4o12N & 1o29SLongitude 29o34E & 35o0W

Altitude (minimum ASL) 620 metres(maximum ASL) 5,110 metresTotal surface area 241,550.7 km2Area under land 199,807 km2Area under water and swamps 41,743 km2Temperature 16-31oCRainfall 582 -1690 mm/year

2009 Economic Indicators

GDP at current market prices 34,166 billion ShsPer capita GDP at current market prices 1,116,300 ShsGDP growth rate at constant (2002) market prices 5.2 percent

Per capita GDP growth rate at constant (2002) market prices 1.9 percentContribution of agriculture to GDP at current market prices 22.8 percentBalance of payments surplus 210.8 million US$Inflation rate 13.0 percentBudget deficit ecluding grants as a percentage of GDP (2008/09) 5.7 percent

Demographic and socio-economic indicators

Total population (2010 mid-year)* 31.8 millionPercentage urban (2010 mid-year)* 14.8 percentPopulation of Kampala district (2010 mid-year)* 1.66 millionSex ratio of total population (2002 census) 95 males per 100 females

Population density (2002 census) 123 persons/km2Infant Mortality rate (2002 census)* 76 per 1000 live birthsLife Expectancy at birth (2002 census)* 50.4 years

Male 48.8 yearsFemale 52.0 years

Pupil Teacher ratio (Primary 2010) 49Pupil Classroom ratio (Primary 2010) 68Student Teacher ratio (Secondary 2010) 18Student Classroom ratio (Secondary 2009) 35

Note: * Demographic estimates were based on the Census 2002 final results.Only population of gazetted city, municipalities and towns was considered as urban

population.


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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, UGANDA COUNTRY PROFILE

Goal/Indicator Progress Target

2000 2003 2005/06 2015

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

1 Poverty head count (P0) 33.8 37.7 31.1 28.0

2 Poverty gap - (P1) 10.0 11.3 8.7

3 Underweight moderate and severe 22.8 20.4 12.5

Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education

4 Net enrolment ratio in primary education 84.0 90.0 84.0 100.0

5 Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds 78.8 80 84.0

Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women

6 Ratio of girls to boys in primary education 0.99 0.99 0.99* 1.0

7 Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education 0.79 0.82 1.0

8 Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education 0.55 1.0

9 Ratio of literate women to men 15 -24 years. 0.84 0.9 0.92 1.0

10 Proportion of seats held by women in parliament 19.0 25.0 50.0

11 Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector 39.2 28.1 50.0

Goal 4: Reduce child mortality

12 Under five mortality (per 100,00 live births) 156.5 137 56

13 Infant mortality rate 88.4 76.0 31.0

14 Proportion of 1 year old chi ldren immunized against measles 56.8 68.1 90.0

Goal 5: Improve maternal health

15 Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 505 435 131

16 Proportion of bi rths attended by skilled heal th personnel 39.0 41.1 90.0

Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

17 HIV/AIDS orphans (thousands) 884.0

18 HIV/AIDS prevalence among 15-24 year pregnant women 4.9*

19 Condom use at last higher-risk sex among 15-24 year olds 49.8 55.1 52.9

Male 54.5 65.3*

Female 38.3 27.1*

20 Contraceptive prevalence rate among women 15-49 years 23.0 64.5 23.6

21 Proportion of 15-24 year olds who have comprehensive knowledge ofHIV/AIDS

28.0 32.1

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

22 Proportion of land area covered by forest 21.3 18.3

23 Proportion of population with access to improved water source (urban) 87.0 84.0 100.0

24 Proportion of population with access to improved water source (rural) 57.0 53.5 58.5 62.0

25 Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation 82.0 87.0

Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development

26 Unemployment rate of 15-24 year olds 6.3 3.4

27 Debt relief committed under the HIPC initiative $69.7M $86.6M

28 Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services 20.4 15.8

Note: More indicators exist but are not listed above because of absence of data*- The figure is for 2002

Figures in blue are from the HIV/AIDS Sero-Behavioural Survey, 2004-05Figures in red are from the UDHS 2005/06

Figure in green is from the 2009 School Census of Ministry of Education and Sports

Source: Indicator; 1,2,4,6,7,8,9,11,23,24,25, 26 UNHS, Uganda Bureau of Statistics3,5,12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20 - UDHS, Uganda Bureau of Statistics27, 28-Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development10-Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development22- Uganda Forestry Authority19- 2006 UDHS, Uganda Bureau of Statistics


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Table of contents

FOREWORD........................................................................................................................... 3

LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................. i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... iv

GLOSSARY............................................................................................................................ x

GENERAL INFORMATION ON UGANDA ........................................................................... xv

MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, UGANDA COUNTRY PROFILE ....................... xvi

1 Environment Statistics ................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Land ................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Rainfall ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Temperature....................................................................................................................... 2

1.4 Humidity.............................................................................................................................. 2

1.5 Forestry .............................................................................................................................. 3

1.5.1

Local and Central Forest Reserves ............................................................................ 3

1.5.3 Wood production ........................................................................................................ 31.5.4 Consumption of charcoal and firewood....................................................................... 3

2 Demographic Statistics ................................................................................................ 5

2.1 Population........................................................................................................................... 5

2.1.3 Fertility........................................................................................................................ 62.1.4 Mortality...................................................................................................................... 72.1.5 Life Expectancy.......................................................................................................... 7

2.2 Education............................................................................................................................ 8

2.2.1 Primary school education ........................................................................................... 8

2.2.2

Secondary School Education.................................................................................... 10

2.2.3 Higher Education Institutions.................................................................................... 112.2.4 Literacy..................................................................................................................... 11

2.3 Labour Force, Employment and Earnings......................................................................... 13

2.3.1 Key Labour market indicators................................................................................... 132.3.2 Demand for labour.................................................................................................... 142.3.3 The Civil Service....................................................................................................... 152.3.4 Employment and annual wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments......... 152.3.5 Employment and Earnings Survey ........................................................................... 16

2.4 Income, expenditure and poverty rates............................................................................. 18

2.4.1 Consumption expenditure per household ................................................................. 182.4.2 Real Consumption Expenditure Per Capita .............................................................. 182.4.3 Share of Household Expenditure by Item Group ...................................................... 192.4.4 Poverty Trend Estimates .......................................................................................... 192.4.5 Inequality in Household Consumption ...................................................................... 212.4.6 Summary of Findings................................................................................................ 22

2.5 Consumer Price Index ...................................................................................................... 23

2.5.1 Headline Consumer Price Index ............................................................................... 232.5.2 The Core Index......................................................................................................... 232.5.3 The Food-Crops Index.............................................................................................. 232.5.4 The Energy, Fuel and Utilities Index (E F U)............................................................. 23


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2.5.5 Major Inflation drivers during the year- 2009............................................................. 24

2.6 Public Health .................................................................................................................... 25

2.6.1 Health Units.............................................................................................................. 252.6.2 Immunisation coverage ............................................................................................ 252.6.3 Morbidity................................................................................................................... 262.6.4 Health Sector Performance Indicators...................................................................... 27

2.6.5 Food and Security and Nutrition ............................................................................... 29

2.7 Crime................................................................................................................................ 31

2.7.1 Reported and investigated cases ............................................................................. 312.7.2 Serious crimes.......................................................................................................... 322.7.3 Prisoners .................................................................................................................. 322.7.4 Death in prisons ....................................................................................................... 322.7.5 Prison Capacity ........................................................................................................ 332.7.6 Traffic and Road safety ............................................................................................ 332.7.7 Express Penalty Scheme......................................................................................... 36

3 Production Statistics .................................................................................................. 38

3.1

Business Statistics............................................................................................................ 38

3.1.1 Businesses by Industry............................................................................................. 383.1.2 Turnover in Businesses ............................................................................................ 39

3.2 Agriculture and fisheries ................................................................................................... 40

3.3 Community Statistics ........................................................................................................ 45

3.3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 453.3.2 Ownership of selected Household Assets ................................................................ 453.3.3 Ownership of selected Livestock .............................................................................. 45

3.4 Industry............................................................................................................................. 47

3.4.1 Index of Production (Manufacturing)......................................................................... 47

3.5 Producer Price Index - Manufacturing............................................................................... 48

3.5.1 PPI-M (Combined) Average Annual Change ............................................................ 48

3.6 The Producer Price Index- Hotels & Restaurants ............................................................. 49

3.6.1 Annual Quarterly changes in the Hotel Sector.......................................................... 49

3.7 Energy .............................................................................................................................. 50

3.7.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 503.7.2 Petroleum products sales......................................................................................... 503.7.3 Petroleum products imports...................................................................................... 503.7.4 Electricity.................................................................................................................. 513.7.5 Number of electricity consumers by type, 2005-2009 ............................................... 523.7.6 Energy tariffs rates ................................................................................................... 52

3.8 Building and Construction Statistics.................................................................................. 53

3.8.1 Construction Sector Indices: Introduction ................................................................. 533.8.2 Cement Consumption in Tonnes .............................................................................. 53

3.9 Transport and Communication.......................................................................................... 54


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3.9.1 Transport.................................................................................................................. 543.9.2 Communication ........................................................................................................ 55

3.10 Migrations and Tourism .................................................................................................... 57

3.10.1 Total Arrivals ............................................................................................................ 573.10.2 Total Departures....................................................................................................... 573.10.3 Tourist Arrivals in Uganda ........................................................................................ 58

3.10.4 National Parks......................................................................................................... 593.10.5 Net Migration............................................................................................................ 60

4 Macroeconomic Statistics .......................................................................................... 61

4.1 National accounts ............................................................................................................. 61

4.1.1 Gross Domestic Product........................................................................................... 614.1.2 Agriculture, forestry and fishing ................................................................................ 614.1.3 Industry .................................................................................................................... 614.1.4 Services.................................................................................................................... 624.1.5 Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product.................................................................. 644.1.6 GDP by expenditure at 1 digit level basic heading.................................................... 654.1.7 Balance of payments................................................................................................ 65

4.2 External Trade.................................................................................................................. 66

4.2.1 Trade Balance .......................................................................................................... 664.2.2 Direction of Trade..................................................................................................... 67

4.3 Government Finance Statistics ......................................................................................... 70

4.3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 704.3.2 Coverage.................................................................................................................. 704.3.3 Government Revenue, 2008/09................................................................................ 704.3.4 Central Government Domestic Development Expenditure, 2008/09......................... 704.3.5 Local Government Recurrent Expenditure, 2008/09................................................. 70

4.4 Banking and Currency ......................................................................................................... 71

4.4.1 Monetary Survey.......................................................................................................... 714.4.2 Structure of interest rates............................................................................................. 714.4.3 Commercial banks assets and liabilities...................................................................... 714.4.4 Commercial banks outstanding loans and advances .................................................. 714.4.5 Annual foreign exchange rates and volumes ............................................................... 71

4.5 Insurance.......................................................................................................................... 72

4.5.1 Policies issued.......................................................................................................... 724.5.2 Insurance companies income and expenditure........................................................ 724.5.3 Insurance companies paid and outstanding claims by class.................................... 72


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1 Environment StatisticsThis section presents statistics on land, climate and forestry.

1.1 Land

Uganda has an area of 241,550.7 square kilometres (sq. km) of which 41,743.2 sq km are open water andswamps, and 199,807.4 sq km is land. The altitude above sea level ranges from 620 metres (Albert Nile)to 5,111 metres (Mt. Rwenzori peak). Uganda is located within the Great Lakes region of East and CentralAfrica. Uganda shares Lake Victoria with Kenya and Tanzania and Lakes Albert and Edward with

the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Within its boundaries are lakes Wamala, Bunyonyi, Katwe,Nakivale, Mburo, Kyoga, George and Bisina. (See Statistical Appendix table1.1 A)

The three major rivers in Uganda are Aswa, Kagera and the Nile. There are many other smaller rivers andstreams which drain into wetlands and then lakes or form tributaries and sub-tributaries to the major rivers.

The vegetation is mainly composed of savannah grassland, woodland, bush land and tropical highforest.

Table 1.1 below shows the national land cover in sq. km. by type. The cultivated land cover being thelargest increased from 84,010 sq. km. in 1990 to 99,018.4 sq. km. in 2005. The second in size are thegrasslands which remained constant at 51,152.7 sq km for the same periods. Notably, the bush landsand woodlands decreased from 14,223.9 sq. km. and 39,740.9 sq. km. in 1990 to 11,893.6 and 29,528.1sq. km. in 2005 respectively. Similarly, plantations (hard and soft woods), tropical high forest (depleted

and normal) have decreased over the period.

Table 1.1: National Land cover statistics (sq km)

1990 2000 2005

Built-Up Areas 365.7 365.7 365.7

Bush-lands 14,223.9 12,624.5 11,893.6

Commercial Farmlands 684.5 684.5 684.5

Cultivated Lands 84,010.0 94,526.7 99,018.4

Grasslands 51,152.7 51,152.7 51,152.7

Impediments 37.1 37.1 37.1

Plantations - Hardwoods 186.8 153.3 138.8

Plantations - Softwoods 163.8 80.0 192.0

Tropical High Forest 2,740.6 2,248.2 2,036.3

Tropical High Forest Normal 6,501.5 5,333.5 4,830.7

Water Bodies 36,902.8 36,902.8 36,902.8

Wetlands 4,840.4 4,840.4 4,840.4

Woodlands 39,740.9 32,601.4 29,528.1

Total 241,550.7 241,550.7 241,550.7

Note: The figures indicated in the above table are based on projections. Actual vegetation studies were undertaken in 1994 based on1992 satellite imagery.

Source: National Forestry Authority


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1.2 Rainfall

Figure 1.2.1 below shows Long Term Average and Monthly rainfall trends for the year 2009for the selected centres of Kampala, Jinja and Mbarara.

The rainfall levels were slightly higher than the long term average during the months of March, April

and May in Kampala. The highest level was 138 mm recorded in April and the lowest was 35 mm asrecorded in both January and February 2009.

In Jinja, both the long term average and 2009 rainfall levels had similar movements for most monthsexcept February and May. The highest level was 216mm recorded in May and the lowest was 26 mmin June.

The 2009 rainfall levels were generally lower than the long term average rainfall for most monthsexcept February, April, October and December in Mbarara. October recorded the highest level ofrainfall in 2009 (182 mm) (See Statistical Appendix table1.2 A)

Figure 1.1.1: Monthly Rainfall Kampala in millimeters

Figure 1.1.2 Monthly Rainfall Jinja in millimeters


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Figure 1.1.3: Monthly Rainfall Mbarara in millimeters

1.3 Temperature

For all selected centres, mean maximum and minimum temperature trends showed similarpatterns to that of the long term average with the highest mean maximum temperature recorded inLira in March 2009 of 34.3 degrees centigrade and the lowest mean minimum of 14.6 degreescentigrade recorded in Mbarara in July 2009. (See Statistical Appendix table1.3A).

1.4 Humidity

Monthly mean relative humidity at 06.00 hours and 12.00 hours were generally in line with the longterm average for all the selected centres (Jinja, Kampala and Mbarara), although some monthshad missing data. The highest mean relative humidity at 06.00 hours recorded was 91 percent inMbarara centre in December while the lowest was 38 percent in May in Kampala. At 12.00 hours, thehighest mean relative humidity was 73 percent in April in Entebbe centre and the lowest was 30percent in Gulu in January 2009. (See table 1.4 A)


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1.5 Forestry

This section presents statistics on forestry, including the area on Local and Central Forest Reserves,production of forestry products and values of the output for the period 2003 to 2007.

1.5.1 Local and Central Forest Reserves

In Table 1.5.1, the area in hectares under forests for both the Central Forest Reserves(CFRs) and Local Forest Reserves (LFRs) was determined under the National Bio-mass Study(1995). In all the regions, the proportion of land under CFRs was higher than the LFRs. Of the fourregions, Eastern had the largest proportion (2.6 percent) under LFRs, followed by Central (0.5percent), Northern (0.3 percent) and Western (0.1 percent).

Table 1.5.1: Share of total area under forests by region, 1995

Region CFR (1) HectaresCFR Percent of

Total LFR (2) HectaresLFR Percent of

TotalTotal Forest Reserve

Area

Central 303,358 99.5 1,576 0.5 304,934

Eastern 56,479 97.4 1,531 2.6 58,010

Northern 556,825 99.7 1,447 0.3 558,272

Western 356,037 99.9 431 0.1 356,468

Uganda 1,272,699 99.6 4,985 0.4 1,277,684

Note: (1) CFR Central Forest Reserve(2) LFR Local Forest Reserve

Source: National Forestry Authority.

1.5.3 Wood production

Uganda has been registering a steady increase in the total wood production over the last five years. Interms of volume, wood fuel used by household had the percentage share of 59.4 percent of the totalwood production in 2007 as shown in Table 1.5.2 below.

Table 1.5.2: Round-wood timber by use, percentage share, 2003 - 2007

Category 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

For sawn timber 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0

For poles 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

For wood fuel- Household 60.8 60.5 60.2 59.8 59.4

" " - Commercial 9.5 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.0

" " - Industrial 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.9 5.8

For charcoal 18.2 18.7 19.2 19.7 20.2

Total wood production 100 100 100 100 100

Source: National Forestry Authority

1.5.4 Consumption of charcoal and firewood

Table 1.5.3 shows the value of household expenditure on firewood and charcoal in both monetary andnon-monetary terms as estimated in the UNHS 2005/06. For a period of about 10 years, the totalnominal value increased by 81.6 percent from Shs. 18.0 billion in 1996/97 to Shs 32.7 billion in2005/06. The value of charcoal consumption more than doubled, where as the value offirewood consumption increased by 67.7 percent for the same period.


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Table 1.5.3: Household consumption of firewood and charcoal (million Shillings)

Item 1996/97 2002/03 2005/06

Charcoal 4,076 6,936 9,345

Firewood 13,967 20,677 23,425

Total 18,043 27,613 32,770

Source: Uganda Bureau of Statistics


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2 Demographic Statistics

2.1 Population

Ugandas population has continued to grow over a period of time. It increased from 9.5 million in 1969to 24.2 million in 2002 at an average annual growth rate of 3.2 percent between 1991 and 2002. Theprojected 2010 mid-year population stands at 31.8 million as shown in figure 2.1.1. More than half ofUgandas population (51 percent) are females as shown in Statistical Appendix table 2.1 B.

Figure 2.1.1: Census population, 1969, 1980, 1991 and 2002 and mid year (2010) projection(million)

9.5

12.6

16.7

24.2

31.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1969 1980 1991 2002 2010

Million

Year

2.1.1 Age Distribution of the Selected Population

Table 2.2.1 shows that the population of Uganda is increasingly becoming younger, with a proportionof the children (under 18 years) having increased from 51 percent in 1969 to 56 percent in 2002. Theproportion of the elderly persons (60 years and above) on the other hand decreased from 6 percent in1969 to about 5 percent in 2002.

Table 2.1.1 Population of Selected Age Groups, 1969 2002

Age Category 1969 1991 2002

Population Aged 6 12 Years 22.7 22.3 21.9

Population Aged less than 15 Years 46.2 47.3 49.4

Population Aged Less than 18 Years 51.4 53.8 56.1Population Aged 10 24 Years 27.8 33.3 34.2




Population Aged 60 Years or More 5.8 5.0 4.6



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2.1.2 Urban Population

The definition of urban areas in regard to population censuses has been changing over time. The2002 Census defined urban areas as gazzeted trading centers while the earlier censuses includedungazetted trading centres with more than 1,000 people as part of the urban population.

Figure 2.1.2 shows that the urban population in Uganda has increased rapidly from less than onemillion persons in 1980 to 4.7 million in 2010. During the same period, the share of the population

living in urban areas increased from 6.7 percent to 14.8 percent.

Figure 2.1.2: Urban population 1980- 2010

0.8

1.7

3.0

4.7

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

1980 1991 2002 2010

Year

Popul

ation(Millions)

Note: 1980, 1991 and 2002 data is from population and housing censuses while data for 2010 is projected.

2.1.3 Fertility

The fertility levels have remained high over the past 3 decades, with the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of6.7 children per woman, according to the 2006 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey as shown inthe figure below.

Figure 2.1.3: Fertility trends, 1991- 2006

7.1

6.9 6.9 6.9

6.7

6.5

6.6

6.7

6.8

6.9

7.0

7.1

7.2

1991* 1995 2000 2002* 2006

LiveBirthsperwoman

Year

Note: 1991 and 2002 data is from population and housing censuses while data for 1995, 2000 and 2006 is from respectiveUDHS years


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2.1.4 Mortality

There has been a general improvement in mortality levels. The infant mortality rate declined from 122to 76 deaths per 1,000 live births between 1991 and 2006 while the under five mortality reduced from203 to 137 deaths per 1,000 live births over the same period as shown in the figure below.. TheUDHS showed that the Infant Mortality Rate is lower among children in urban areas as well as those

born to educated and wealthier mothers.

Figure 2.1.4: Infant and Under Five Mortality trends, 1991- 2006

122

9789 87

76

203

162

152156

137

0

50

100

150

200

250

1991* 1995 2000 2002* 2006

Year

Deathsp

er1000

Infant Under Five

Note: 1991 and 2002 data is from population and housing censuses while data for 1995, 2000 and 2006 is from UDHS

2.1.5 Life Expectancy

Life expectancy at birth is an estimate of the average number of years a person is expected to live if aparticular pattern of mortality is maintained. Table 2.1.2 shows that the over-all life expectancy at birthfrom 2002 Census was 50.4 years for both sexes. Males registered a lower life expectancy of 48.8years compared to their female counterparts at 52 years. There was a gain of 2.3 years in lifeexpectancy between 1991 and 2002 for both sexes.

Table 2.1.2: Life Expectancy at Birth by census year

Census Year Male Female Total

1969 46.0 47.0 46.5

1991 45.7 50.5 48.1

2002 48.8 52.0 50.4


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2.2 Education

The statistics presented in this section are from the annual school census conducted by the Ministryof Education and Sports. The challenge faced is the low and changing response rate which may affectthe trend of the figures presented in this section. The indicators presented in this section includeenrolment at all levels, persons in the teaching profession, orphans, students with special needs andthe number of schools/institutions in the registry.

2.2.1 Primary school education

The introduction of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme increased access to educationin Uganda and its main beneficiary is the rural population.

Table 2.2.1 shows a 4 percent increase in the number of pupils enrolled between 2008 and 2009.There was a 7 percent increase in the number of primary schools between 2008 and 2009. The totalnumber of class rooms also increased by 6 percent over the same period. (See Statistical Appendixtable2.2 A).

Table 2.2.1 Trend of key primary education indicators, (2005 2009)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total Enrolment (000) 7,224 7,362 7,537 7,964 8,297

Number of Primary Teachers (000) 145 150 152 159 168Number of Primary Schools 13,576 14,385 14,728 15,962 17,127

Number of class rooms 97,903 102,507 104,899 114,441 121,212

Annual percentage change in enrolment -2 1.9 2 6 4

Annual percentage change in class rooms - 5 2 9 6

Pupil Teacher Ratio 50 48 57 50 49

Pupil Classroom Ratio 74 72 72 70 68

GER 107 114 113 115.7 133.3

GIR 152.8 129 129 137 167.5

NER 93 92 93 95 107.9

NIR 66 56 57 59 73.1

Source: Ministry of Education and Sports.

The Gross Intake Rate (GIR) in 2008 and 2009 was 137 and 168 respectively. The GIR was morethan 100, implying that 68 percent of the pupils who enrolled in P1 were below and or above the ageof 6 years as shown in Statistical Appendix table2.2 B.

2.2.1.1 Primary school orphans

Table 2.2.2 shows that the number of orphans enrolled in primary schools reduced from 1.36 to 1.30million children between 2008 and 2009. Of the orphans enrolled in 2009, the number of males washigher than the females. The percentage share of orphans to total enrollment was 17.1 percent in2008 compared to 15.7 percent in 2009.

Table 2.2.2: Number of primary school orphans by sex (2002 - 2009)

Male Female Total Percentage to totalEnrolment

2002 263,216 255,724 518,940 7.1

2003 263,216 255,724 518,940 6.8

2004 636,284 616,294 1,252,578 17.3

2005 641,930 619,623 1,261,553 17.5

2006 642,088 628,980 1,271,068 17.3

2007 677,867 657,062 1,334,929 17.7

2008 688,906 672,046 1,360,952 17.1

2009 658,862 645,714 1,304,576 15.7

Source: Ministry of Education and Sports


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2.2.1.2 Primary school pupils with disabilities

Table 2.2.3 shows a total of about 204,000 children with disabilities enrolled in primary school in 2009.The number of children with special needs enrolled in school increased by 11 percent between 2008and 2009. The percentage share of male pupils with disabilities was 53 percent compared to 47percent for female pupils in 2009.

Table 2.2.3: Primary school pupils with special needs (2008- 2009)

Class 2008 2009 Percentage

Male Female Total Male Female Total ChangeP1 21,300 16,869 38,169 22,410 17,613 40,023 4.9

P2 15,194 13,308 28,502 16,419 14,011 30,430 6.8

P3 16,287 14,541 30,828 19,122 17,406 36,528 18.5

P4 15,387 14,185 29,572 17,390 16,406 33,796 14.3

P5 12,652 12,229 24,881 14,261 14,026 28,287 13.7

P6 9,950 9,635 19,585 11,074 10,912 21,986 12.3

P7 6,666 5,334 12,000 7,308 5,994 13,302 10.9

Total 97,436 86,101 183,537 107,984 96,368 204,352 11.3


2.2.1.3 Primary school education facilities

Provision of adequate infrastructure for the children enroled in primary school is key and remains achallenge to the education sector. At national level, about 1 in every three pupils enrolled in primarydoes not have adequate sitting and writing space. Table 2.2.4 shows that a higher percentage ofpupils in lower classes had inadequate sitting and writing space compared to those in upper classesfor the period 2008 to 2009.

Table 2.2.4: Primary school pupils without adequate sitting space by class (2008-2009)

Class 2008 2009

Enrolment

Pupils with out

adequate space

%age to total

Enrolment Enrolment

Pupils with out

adequate space

%age to total

Enrolment

P1 1,897,114 964,432 50.8 1,946,318 974,377 50.1

P2 1,318,238 568,642 43.1 1,349,356 565,521 41.9

P3 1,279,900 459,617 35.9 1,367,359 499,603 36.5

P4 1,164,640 354,159 30.4 1,212,182 366,928 30.3

P5 993,337 246,744 24.8 1,042,501 261,210 25.1

P6 795,021 159,035 20.0 833,559 163,729 19.6

P7 515,729 59,557 11.5 546,505 61,649 11.3

Total 7,963,979 2,812,186 35.3 8,297,780 2,893,017 34.9

Source: Ministry of Education and Sport

2.2.1.4 Primary Leaving Examinations (PLE)

The Primary Leaving Examinations (PLE) are conducted every year by the Uganda NationalExaminations Board. Pupils must pass these examinations in order to join secondary education. Outof the registered candidates, the majority (24 percent) passed in third grade in 2009 as shown inTable 2.2.5 below. On the other hand, the percentage share of pupils who passed in first grade was3.5 percent and 6.4 percent in 2008 and 2009 respectively.


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Table 2.2.5: Pupils Primary Leaving Examination results by grade (2008-2009)

2008 2009

Percentage Percentage

Male Female Total share Male Female Total share

Division 1 10,666 6,355 17,021 4 19,810 13,030 32,840 6.4

Division II 85,460 69,314 154,774 32 106,325 90,623 196,948 38.5

Division III 69,430 69,339 138,769 29 55,156 66,234 121,390 23.7

Division IV 31,941 31,820 63,761 13 35,755 31,546 67,301 13.2

Division U 39,276 50,030 89,306 18 30,749 39,517 70,266 13.7

Division X 10,488 11,633 22,121 5 10,679 11,699 22,378 4.4

Registered Pupils 247,261 238,491 485,752 100 258,474 252,649 511,123 100.0


2.2.2 Secondary School Education

The Universal Secondary Education (USE) has boosted enrolment over the years since its inceptionin 2006. Table 2.2.6 indicates that total secondary enrolment increased by 10 percent between 2008and 2009. The student teacher ratio remained more less the same over the same period. (See

Statistical Appendix Tables 2.2 H and 2.2 I.)

Table 2.2.6: Trend of key secondary school education indicators (2005 2009)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Enrolment 728,393 814,087 954,328 1,088,744 1,194,454

Number of Schools 1,961 2,286 2,644 2,908 3,149

Number of Teachers 37,607 42,673 50,767 57,007 65,045

Student teacher ratio 19 19 19 19 18

Gross Enrolment Rate 18.6 22.1 25 27.6 28

Net Enrolment Rate 15.4 18.6 21.3 23.5 24


2.2.2.1 Secondary school students with special Needs

The number of students with disabilities is higher in lower secondary classes than in higher secondaryclasses. Over all, the number of secondary school students with special needs increased by 20percent between 2008 and 2009 as shown in the table below.

Table 2.2.7: Secondary school students with special needs (2003-2009)

Year/Class S.1 S.2 S.3 S.4 S.5 S.6 Total

2003 2,703 2,597 2,235 1,844 687 633 10,699

2004 2,667 2,555 2,402 1,894 666 709 10,893

2005 2,057 2,028 1,949 1,752 878 813 9,477

2006 2,364 2,283 2,130 1,931 859 669 10,236

2007 2,990 2,555 2,533 2,125 1,054 846 12,103

2008 2,830 2,689 2,128 1,831 862 805 11,145

2009 3,275 3,052 2,897 2,083 1172 939 13,418



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2.2.2.2 Secondary school orphans by class

Table 2.2.8, indicates that the number of orphaned students has been increasing steadily over theyears. The total number of secondary school orphans increased by about 5 percent between 2008and 2009.

Table 2.2.8: Secondary school orphan students by class (2005 2009)

Class/Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

S.1 43,355 51,366 68,757 68,874 68,343

S.2 38,658 43,096 50,793 61,817 61,808

S.3 33,721 38,811 43,775 47,289 55,675

S.4 29,937 33,951 39,647 41,389 44,118

S.5 11,218 12,590 14,983 16,461 17,614

S.6 10,693 11,334 13,808 16,461 16,540

Total 167,582 191,148 231,763 252,291 264,098


2.2.3 Higher Education Institutions

The government policy to liberalize the education system has led to an increase in the number ofprivate higher learning institutions. The number of universities in the last few decades has beenincreasing and in addition more courses have been introduced hence widening the labour market.Table 2.2.9 below indicates that 66 percent of the tertiary enrolment in 2007 was from universities.However there seem to have been a decline in the enrolment of 24 percent between 2006 and 2007.(Statistical Appendix Table2.2.I)

Table 2.2.9: Higher institutions enrolment, 2006 2007

2006 2007

Institutions No. Male Female Total Male Female Total

Universities 26 46,475 34,712 81,187 55,169 41,880 97,049

University colleges 12 46,475 34,749 81,224 11,094 8,939 20,033

Technical Colleges 6 1,848 132 1,980 1,844 116 1,960

Commercial Colleges 48 9,786 9,053 18,839 8,512 8,671 17,183

Management 8 2,000 2,156 4,156 1,789 2,046 3,835

Health/ Medical 15 2,108 1,024 3,132 2,167 1,116 3,283

Agricultural & Forestry 6 1,370 281 1,651 1,305 407 1,712

Theological Colleges 2 850 248 1,098 1,024 64 1,088

Law Devt Centre 1 500 300 800 500 300 800

Grand Total 124 111,412 82,655 194,067 83,404 63,539 146,943

Source: National Council for Higher Education

2.2.4 LiteracyLiteracy is defined as ability to write meaningfully and read with understanding in any language. The2005/06 Uganda National Household Survey revealed an overall literacy rate of 69 percent amongpersons aged 10 years and above. Table 2.2.9 indicates that more men were found to be literate (76percent) than women (63 percent). Among regions, in 2005/06, the Central region excluding Kampalahad the highest literacy rate (80 percent), while the Northern had the lowest (59 percent). Kampalahad a total literacy rate of 91 percent bearing in mind its special characteristics. The literacy rateswere higher for urban dwellers (86 percent) than their rural counter parts (66 percent).


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Table 2.2.10: Literacy rates for population aged 10 years and above

1999/00 2002/03 2005/06 Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Uganda 74 57 65 77 63 70 76 63 69

Residence

Urban 92 82 86 90 84 87 89 83 86

Rural 72 54 62 74 60 67 74 58 66

Region

Central Excluding Kampala 81 74 77 82 74 79 82 78 80

Eastern 72 52 62 72 54 63 71 56 64

Northern 64 33 47 72 42 56 74 45 59

Western 74 61 67 79 69 74 74 60 67

Kampala - - - 94 91 92 92 90 91

Source: UNHS 2005/06, Uganda Bureau of Statistics


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2.3 Labour Force, Employment and Earnings

This section presents information on key labour market indicators, employment in the civil service, aswell as employment and the wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments. In addition, thenumber of on jobs advertised in newspapers is presented.

2.3.1 Key Labour market indicators

The Labour force market indicators in Uganda are based on the population in the working age groupof 14 to 64 years. The estimates presented in Table 2.3.1below are from UNHS surveys and theULFS and cannot be compared becaue the two surveys have different methodology. The total labourforce in Uganda increased from 9.8 million persons in 2002/03 to 10.9 million persons in 2005/06.Also, the labour force participation rate indicates a slight increase from 80 percent in 2002/3 to 82percent in 2005/6. The National Unemployment rate in 2005/6 was 1.9 percent. This was morepronounced in the urban with 6.9 as compared to rural with only 1.1 percent. The time relatedunderemployment rate was about 12 percent. Thus underemployment and unemployment accountedfor 14 percent of the labour force and 16 percent of the urban labour force.

Table 2.3.1: Selected Labour Market Indicators (14-64 years)

Indicator UNHS 2002/03 UNHS 2005/06 2009 ULFS*

Uganda labour force (Millions) 9.8 10.9 0.9

Labour force participation rate 80.1 82.0 69.3

Employment to population ratio 77.4 80.0 60.0

Unemployment rate 3.5 1.9 13.3

Male 2.6 1.7 6.8

Female 4.2 2.1 21.5

Rural 1.9 1.1 -

Urban 12.2 6.9 13.3

Time related underemployment rate 16.9 12.1 12.2

Male 18.9 14.1 15.1

Female 15.1 10.0 7.9

Rural 17.4 12.6 -

Urban 10.4 8.7 12.2

Median monthly wages 54,000 36,000 150,000

Male 60,000 48,000 200,000

Female 32,000 20,000 127,000

Source: Uganda National Household Surveys 2002/03 and 2005/06 and 2009 Urban Labour Force SurveyNote * : For Kampala City and surrounding per-urban areas

In 2005/06, the status in employment showed that own account workers had the highest share of 45percent while employers had the least share of 0.5 percent. (Statistical Appendix Tables 2.3 A). Inaddition paid employees constituted 16 percent of the work force. By industry, agriculture employed73 percent of the working population. (Statistical Appendix Tables 2.3 B and 2.3 C).

In 2009, an Urban Labour Force Survey was conducted covering the entire Kampala City and thesurrounding peri-urban areas in Wakiso and Mukono Districts. The total labour force was 900,000persons and Labour Force Participation Rate was 69 percent. The time related underemployment

Rate and unemployment rate accounted for a 25 percent total of the working force. About 49 percentwere in paid employment by status in employment. Percentage distribution of working population byindustry indicates that about 30 percent were in the sales, maintenance, repair of vehicles andpersonal goods. (see Statistical Appendix Tables 2.3 A and 2.3 B respectively.)


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2.3.2 Demand for labour

The information on jobs advertised is captured from two major english newspapers, that is, The NewVision and Daily Monitor. Figure 2.3.2 shows the trend in the number of jobs advertised between 2004and 2008. In 2008, the number of jobs advertised was 8,955, reflecting a decrease of 10.4 percentfrom the previous year. The figure shows a declining trend in the number of jobs since 2006.

Figure 2.3.2: Number of advertised vacancies by year

2.3.2.1 Jobs advertised by Industry

Majority of jobs advertised in 2008 were in the public administration sector (See Statistical Appendixtable2.3 D) although its share has been fluctuating since 2004. Openings in InternationalOrganisations constituted 10 percent of the total advertisements in 2008. Only about 9 percent and 7percent of the advertisements were allotted to health and social work respectively.

2.3.2.2 Jobs advertised by Occupation

During 2008, the largest categories of occupations advertised were mainly for graduate professionalsand associate (diploma & certificate) professionals each constituting 41 percent of all the jobs

advertised in 2008 as shown in Figure 2.3.2 below.

Figure 2.3.2: Distribution of advertised vacancies by occupation (2008)

Legislators, senior officials, andadministrators

6%

Professionals41%

Associateprofessionals

41%

Elementaryoccupations

3%

Clerks5%

Others4%


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The proportion of graduate professional jobs advertised decreased from 47 percent in 2007 to 41percent in 2008. (See Statistical Appendix Table 2.3 E). The nurses and midwives categoryconstituted the highest percentage with 13 percent of the total advertisements for associateprofessionals during 2008. In the past, the Primary and other education teaching associateprofessionals was the single largest occupation group advertised, though its share decreased fromabout 37 percent in 2004 to only 6 percent in 2008.

2.3.2.3 Number of vacancies advertised by education levelDuring 2008, 37 percent of the jobs advertised required degree holders while 38 percent requiredcertificate holders. Only 4 percent of the jobs advertised did not require any formal education. Thereare variations in the distribution of jobs advertised by qualifications from 2005 to 2008.

Table 2.3.2: Percentage distribution of vacancies advertised by education level

Education level 2005 2006 2007 2008

No formal education 5.6 3.4 4.3 4.0

Certificate 27.9 36.1 30.1 37.9

Diploma 13.6 21.5 20.7 15.3

Degree 41.5 33.0 35.3 36.9

Masters 8.5 5.0 7.7 5.2

PHD 2.8 0.9 2.0 0.8

Not stated 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Total 100 100 100 100

Source: UBOS

2.3.2.4 Re-advertised jobs

In 2007, out of the 9,998 jobs advertised, 288 (about 3 percent) were re-advertised as indicated inTable 2.3H. The majority of the re-advertised jobs were for professionals (74 percent). This wasfollowed by the associate professional category with 14 percent. There were fewer jobs re-advertisedfor other occupations in 2007 compared to 2006. The trend is similar for other years except for 2003when the majority of the re-advertised jobs were for associate professionals.

2.3.3 The Civil Service

The civil service is composed of persons employed in the line Ministries, teaching service (primaryand secondary), police, prisons, public universities and the local governments. Table 2.3.3 shows thatthe average size of civil service in 2009 was 259,650 persons, a decrease of 5 percent from 274,237persons in 2008. Of the 259,650 people employed by the civil service in 2009, 149,122 were in theteaching service while 49,610 percent were in decentralized districts. (Statistical Appendix Tables 2.3I)

Table 2.3.3: Size of Uganda civil service, 2005 2009

Year Size of Civil Service Percentage change

2005 243,338

2006 239,318 -1.7

2007 255,560 6.8

2008 274,237 7.32009 259,650 -5.3

Source: Uganda Computer services

2.3.4 Employment and annual wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments

The information given here is based on data collected from manufacturing establishments selected forthe compilation of the Index of Production, as well as the Producer Price Index (PPI). Theestablishments included in the analysis are those for which information on both employment andlabour costs was provided. Wage employment information in the big manufacturing industries coversthe number of employees and the wage bill for management team and workers involved in


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manufacturing. For example, the wage bill for sugar production covers factory workers and themanagement team but excludes agricultural labourers or plantation workers.

For purposes of trend studies/time series comparison, a total of 116 establishments of all the majormanufacturing establishments that have data for both number of employees and labour costs between2005 and 2009 have been considered.

In 2009, the number of employees decreased by about 2 percent, the wage bill increased by 13percent while the monthly average earnings increased by 15 percent as indicated in Table 2.3.5.

Table 2.3.5: Employment and wage bill for selected manufacturing establishments (based

on 116 manufacturing establishments)

Year Employees

Wage bill Average monthly earnings

Number % change Mill. Shs. % change Shs. % change

2005 24,663 6,477 262,974

2006 25,063 1.6 6,395 -1.3 255,146 -3.0

2007 25,708 2.6 7,694 20.3 299,281 17.3

2008 24,342 -5.3 8,687 12.9 356,866 19.2

2009 23,851 -2.0 9,796 12.8 410,712 15.1


Food processing was the most dominant industry with a 58 percent share of the total employment and31 percent share of the monthly wage bill during 2009. However, employees in the Food processingindustry earned the least average monthly income of shs. 220,000. The Manufacturing of beveragesand tobacco industry had the highest average monthly income of shs. 1,612,600 as indicated inStatistical Appendix Tables 2.3 J.

2.3.5 Employment and Earnings Survey

The Employment and Earnings Survey was intended to cover all establishments employing 15persons or more. These were selected from the Uganda Business Register of 2006. The studycovered only six types of industries namely Manufacturing, Construction, Hotels, Education (privateschools), Health (private health institutions) and Horticulture.

A total of 655 and 491 establishments were covered during 2008 and 2009 respectively. They hadtotal employment of 38,812 and 35,116 persons respectively. The overall median monthly income wasshs. 140,000 in 2008 and it remained the same during 2009. Persons employed in agriculture earnedthe lowest median monthly income of shs. 88,000 in 2009 compared to shs. 120,000 in 2008. Allemployees worked more than 40 hours per week. However, hotel employees had the longest workinghours per week (72 hours).


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Table 2.3.6: Employment, median earnings and weekly average hours of work

Industry Establishments

Employment Median earnings

(000)

Average hour per

week

2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Construction 19 9 4,061 1,521 265 275 50.5 61.3

Health 28 22 1,269 765 219 239 48.1 53.2

Manufacturing 160 175 14,329 14,848 200 180 49.5 55.3

Agriculture 8 9 6,036 9,585 121 88 47.9 47.5

Education 352 199 10,668 6,343 120 120 53.7 62.7

Hotels 88 77 2,449 2,104 100 100 60.8 72.4

Total 655 491 38,812 35,116 140 140 53.2 61.1


Table 2.3.7 shows the distribution of the most common occupations by median monthly income andaverage hours worked a week. The results indicate that the agricultural, fishery and related labourerswere the least paid with a median monthly income of shs 54,900 in 2009. These were followed by thecleaners and cooks who received the second lowest median monthly income shs 70,000. The trendwas almost similar during the previous survey. The matrons worked for the longest number of hours aweek yet they were among the least paid.

Table 2.3.7: Selected occupations by mean and median wages, hours worked a week

Occupation Median wage per month Hours worked per week

2008 2009 2008 2009

Agricultural, Fishery and Related Laboures 69,941 54,900 48.2 45.4

Cooks/chef 70,000 70,000 61.4 63.7

Cleaners 58,000 70,000 47.4 48.5

Security guards 65,000 80,000 72 81.7

Waitress/Waiters 80,000 80,000 62.7 80.5

Casual laborers 84,739 85,000 54.9 45.8

Manufacturing Laborers 65,200 95,000 54.4 59.5

Matron 80,000 100,000 74.5 101.3

Nurses 150,000 120,000 57.1 75.4

Teachers primary education 136,000 150,000 48.5 48.7

Machine operators 120,000 150,000 50.1 63.0

Supervisors 200,000 150,000 51.6 63.6

Motor Vehicle Drivers 132,212 150,000 50.3 61.3

Cashier 123,350 150,000 54.3 62.7

Teachers secondary education 140,000 180,000 39.9 43.9

Technician 225,960 220,000 45.3 51.7

General Manager 300,000 300,000 58.4 60.9

Production Manager 400,000 350,000 51.1 54.7



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2.4 Income, expenditure and poverty rates

Income and expenditure data are used for monitoring the living standards of Ugandans. However,household consumption expenditure is usually preferred over income in assessing poverty incidenceas it is more accurately reported by the households/individuals. The 2005/06 Uganda NationalHousehold Survey (UNHS) collected information on consumption expenditure on food, beverages andtobacco and non-consumption expenditure of households among others

1.

2.4.1 Consumption expenditure per household

The Figure 2.4.1 presents monthly consumption expenditure per household for the FY 2002/03 andFY 2005/06 after adjusting for inflation. Ugandas average household monthly expenditure rose fromShs. 136,468 in 2002/03 to Shs. 152,068 in 2005/06, representing a real increase of 11.4 percentwithin a period of three years. The increase was mainly driven by the rural areas (of 14.4 percent)while the urban areas registered an increase of 4.2 percent over the same period. (See StatisticalAppendix table2.4A ).

All regions experienced a positive change between the two surveys. While the increase in expenditureper household was more pronounced in Western region (19 percent), Central region excludingKampala registered the lowest increase (around 10 percent). Kampala recorded the lowest change inconsumption per household of 1.5 percent over the two surveys.

Figure 2.4.1: Monthly Consumption Expenditure per Household (1997/98=100)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Kamp

ala

Central*

Western

Ea

Documents

Statistical Abstract for uganda 2010