850 B. Marine Meteorology OLR (1984) 31 ( 12~

BI40. Air-sea interactions

84:5958 Gillooly, J.F., 1983. Large-scale ocean-atmosphere

interactions in the mid-latitudes and equatorial regions; a literature review. CSIR Res. Rept, S. Afr., (T/SEA)8302:38pp.

For time scales between 1 month and l decade, this report reviews 'some of the research...on large-scale ocean/atmosphere interactions.' Sections are devot- ed to: (1) general physical relationships, (2) ocean/ atmosphere interactions (equatorial and mid-lati- tude), (3) ocean/atmosphere coupling (mid-latitude coupling, equatorial/mid-latitude teleconnections), and (4) long-range forecasting. Despite the lack of adequate models for the ocean/atmosphere system, 'some progress has been made in prediction on seasonal time-scales...[which] has helped the under- standing of climatic fluctuations.' Ca. 75 references. Physical Oceanogr. Div., Natl. Res. Inst. for Oceanol, Stellenbosch, South Africa. (ihz)

84:5959 Ke, Xuehui and Weiquan Wu, 1983. Surface water

temperature in the North Pacific and the number of typhoons landed in China. Taiwan Strait, 2(2):1-9. (In Chinese, English abstract.)

Differences in surface water temperatures in the North Pacific were correlated with the number of typhoons which came ashore in China. In years with warm temperatures in the north and cold in the south more typhoons landed; the inverse condition corresponded with fewer typhoons. The trend was more apparent in areas with strong currents. Dept. of Oceanogr., Xiamen Univ., People's Republic of China. (jch)

84:5960 Kondratiev, K.J. and V.V. Kozoderov, 1984. Statis-

tical characteristics of anomalies of the Northern Atlantic radiation balance two-dimensional fields. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 275(2):338-341. (In Russian.)

84:5961 Mooley, D.A. and B. Parthasarathy, 1984. Indian

summer monsoon and the east equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature. Atmos. Ocean, 22(1):23- 35.

Relationships between the east equatorial Pacific SST anomaly and Indian monsoon rainfall spati- otemporal variations were investigated for the period 1871-1978. A strong inverse relationship was noted. 'Consistently and highly significant' correlation coefficients were detected between 'all-India mon- soon rainfall and the concurrent season's SST

anomaly; June, July and August and the succeeding seasons; and September, October and November and December, January and February.' Indian Inst. of Tropical Meteorol., Pune, India. (ihz)

84:5962 Nicholls, N., 1984. The Southern Oscillation and

Indonesian Sea surface temperature. Mon. Weath. Rev., 112(3):424-432.

The Southern Oscillation, E1 Niho phenomena and SST anomalies in the Indonesian region are closely related in a strong annual cycle. Changes in the anomalies lead by about a season changes in the Southern Oscillation and east Pacific SST. A simple ad hoc model representing a stochastically-forced, seasonally-varying atmosphere-ocean interaction in the region can produce simulated anomalies of Darwin pressure and Indonesian SST that reproduce the observed statistical behavior of these anomalies without the inclusion of effects of events external to the Indonesian region. It suggested that the E1 Niho-Southern Oscillation might be the dynamic response of the Pacific Ocean and overlying atmos- phere to anomalies produced by such an interaction in the Indonesian region. A possible physical basis is discussed. Australian Numerical Meteorol. Res. Center, Melbourne, Australia.

84:5963 Savenko, V.S. and V.U Lebedev, 1984. On the theory

of gas exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 275(5): 1185-1189. (In Russian.)

84:5964 Smith, S.D. and F.W. Dobson, 1984. The beat budget

at Ocean Weather Station Bravo. Atmos. Ocean, 22(1): 1-22.

Based on surface heating comparisons with water- column monthly heat storage from 1964-73 and on monthly surface heat budget and wind stress cal- culations for 1946-74, the surface flux and mean seasonal cycle at OWS Bravo agree well whereas the residual has a high variability and lacks a strong seasonal cycle. New incoming short-wave radiation formulae were developed; the latent, sensible, and solar short-wave radiation heat flux formulae were recalibrated. OWS Bravo's ocean-to-atmosphere long-term heat loss was calculated as 28 W/m2; Bunker's 1976 calculations had yielded 98 W/m 2. AOL, Bedford Inst. of Oceanogr., Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada. (ihz)